Pub Date : 2013-10-01DOI: 10.1109/ITSC.2013.6728367
Nan Zheng, K. Aboudolas, N. Geroliminis
Recent research has demonstrated that the Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram (MFD) is reliable and practical tool for modeling traffic dynamics and network performance in single-mode (cars only) urban road networks. In this paper, we first extend the modeling of the single-mode MFD to a bi-modal (bus and cars) one. Based on simulated data, we develop a three-dimensional MFD (3D-MFD) relating the accumulation of cars and buses, and the total circulating flow in the network. We propose an exponential function to capture the shape of the 3D-MFD, which shows a good fit to the data. We also propose an elegant estimation for passenger car equivalent of buses (PCU), which has a physical meaning and depends on the bi-modal traffic in the network. Moreover, we analyze a 3D-MFD for passenger network flows and derive its analytical function. Finally, we investigate an MFD for networks with dedicated bus lanes and the relationship between the shape of the MFD and the operational characteristics of buses. The output of this paper is an extended 3D-MFD model that can be used to (i) monitor traffic performance and, (ii) develop various traffic management strategies in bi-modal urban road networks, such as redistribution of urban space among different modes, perimeter control, and bus priority strategies.
{"title":"Investigation of a city-scale three-dimensional Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram for bi-modal urban traffic","authors":"Nan Zheng, K. Aboudolas, N. Geroliminis","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2013.6728367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2013.6728367","url":null,"abstract":"Recent research has demonstrated that the Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram (MFD) is reliable and practical tool for modeling traffic dynamics and network performance in single-mode (cars only) urban road networks. In this paper, we first extend the modeling of the single-mode MFD to a bi-modal (bus and cars) one. Based on simulated data, we develop a three-dimensional MFD (3D-MFD) relating the accumulation of cars and buses, and the total circulating flow in the network. We propose an exponential function to capture the shape of the 3D-MFD, which shows a good fit to the data. We also propose an elegant estimation for passenger car equivalent of buses (PCU), which has a physical meaning and depends on the bi-modal traffic in the network. Moreover, we analyze a 3D-MFD for passenger network flows and derive its analytical function. Finally, we investigate an MFD for networks with dedicated bus lanes and the relationship between the shape of the MFD and the operational characteristics of buses. The output of this paper is an extended 3D-MFD model that can be used to (i) monitor traffic performance and, (ii) develop various traffic management strategies in bi-modal urban road networks, such as redistribution of urban space among different modes, perimeter control, and bus priority strategies.","PeriodicalId":184458,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2013-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127337162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-25DOI: 10.1109/ITSC.2012.6338834
Hongjian Wang, Cun Li, Hongli Lv, Xinghua Chen
The Extend Kalman Filter based algorithm for simultaneous localization and mapping cannot satisfy the requirement of real time map updating because of the increasing number of landmarks and the heavy calculating cost while AUV working for long time endurance. The Compressed EKF based SLAM is introduced in this paper. And the method of map management and the local map switch strategy are addressed, which divide the AUV navigating area into several local sub-maps. The navigation error calculating based on landmarks in sub-map is completed in local area by using Extend Kalman filter, and the global map updating is done only when the condition satisfied the switch rule of the sub-map. Finally the CEKF-SLAM based navigating method is tested with the trial data, and by comparing with the dead reckoning navigating result, the test results show that the navigation error of CEKF-SLAM algorithm is less than that of dead reckoning algorithm, and on the same time, the former reduces the calculation cost for AUV navigation.
{"title":"Research on compressed EKF based SLAM algorithm for unmanned underwater vehicle","authors":"Hongjian Wang, Cun Li, Hongli Lv, Xinghua Chen","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2012.6338834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2012.6338834","url":null,"abstract":"The Extend Kalman Filter based algorithm for simultaneous localization and mapping cannot satisfy the requirement of real time map updating because of the increasing number of landmarks and the heavy calculating cost while AUV working for long time endurance. The Compressed EKF based SLAM is introduced in this paper. And the method of map management and the local map switch strategy are addressed, which divide the AUV navigating area into several local sub-maps. The navigation error calculating based on landmarks in sub-map is completed in local area by using Extend Kalman filter, and the global map updating is done only when the condition satisfied the switch rule of the sub-map. Finally the CEKF-SLAM based navigating method is tested with the trial data, and by comparing with the dead reckoning navigating result, the test results show that the navigation error of CEKF-SLAM algorithm is less than that of dead reckoning algorithm, and on the same time, the former reduces the calculation cost for AUV navigation.","PeriodicalId":184458,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127317689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-25DOI: 10.1109/ITSC.2012.6338837
K. Rezaee, B. Abdulhai, H. Abdelgawad
In this paper we introduce a new approach to Freeway Ramp Metering (RM) based on Reinforcement Learning (RL) with focus on real-life experiments in a case study in the City of Toronto. Typical RL methods consider discrete state representation that lead to slow convergence in complex problems. Continuous representation of state space has the potential to significantly improve the learning speed and therefore enables tackling large-scale complex problems. A robust approach based on local regression, named k nearest neighbors temporal difference (kNN-TD), is employed to represent state space continuously in the RL environment. The performance of the new algorithm is compared against the ALINEA controller and typical RL methods using a micro-simulation testbed in Paramics. The results show that RM using the kNN-TD method can reduce total network travel time by 44% compared to the do-nothing case (without RM) and by 17% compared to ALINEA.
{"title":"Application of reinforcement learning with continuous state space to ramp metering in real-world conditions","authors":"K. Rezaee, B. Abdulhai, H. Abdelgawad","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2012.6338837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2012.6338837","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we introduce a new approach to Freeway Ramp Metering (RM) based on Reinforcement Learning (RL) with focus on real-life experiments in a case study in the City of Toronto. Typical RL methods consider discrete state representation that lead to slow convergence in complex problems. Continuous representation of state space has the potential to significantly improve the learning speed and therefore enables tackling large-scale complex problems. A robust approach based on local regression, named k nearest neighbors temporal difference (kNN-TD), is employed to represent state space continuously in the RL environment. The performance of the new algorithm is compared against the ALINEA controller and typical RL methods using a micro-simulation testbed in Paramics. The results show that RM using the kNN-TD method can reduce total network travel time by 44% compared to the do-nothing case (without RM) and by 17% compared to ALINEA.","PeriodicalId":184458,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","volume":"144 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133886142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-10-25DOI: 10.1109/ITSC.2012.6338882
Yisheng Lv, F. Zhu, Q. Miao, Peijun Ye, Songhang Chen
Evacuees' behaviors have a significant impact on evacuation efficiency. Evacuation clearance time is one of the key indicators in the evacuation planning and management. Evacuees' departure time choice, destination choice and route choice behavior based on real-time traffic information are three crucial factors used to estimate evacuation clearance time. In this paper, we use the orthogonal experimental design method to determine values of these three factors simultaneously, which can reduce evacuation clearance time significantly. Once we obtain these values, we can guide evacuees' departure time choice, destination choice and route choice behavior to approximate these values and evacuation efficiency will improve greatly. The dynamic traffic evacuation process is modeled using a rule-based multi-agent microscopic traffic simulation system called TransWorld. The simulation experiment results illustrate the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed method. The proposed methodology, computational results and discussions can be used for future emergency evacuation planning and management.
{"title":"Emergency traffic evacuation control based on the orthogonal experimental design method","authors":"Yisheng Lv, F. Zhu, Q. Miao, Peijun Ye, Songhang Chen","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2012.6338882","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2012.6338882","url":null,"abstract":"Evacuees' behaviors have a significant impact on evacuation efficiency. Evacuation clearance time is one of the key indicators in the evacuation planning and management. Evacuees' departure time choice, destination choice and route choice behavior based on real-time traffic information are three crucial factors used to estimate evacuation clearance time. In this paper, we use the orthogonal experimental design method to determine values of these three factors simultaneously, which can reduce evacuation clearance time significantly. Once we obtain these values, we can guide evacuees' departure time choice, destination choice and route choice behavior to approximate these values and evacuation efficiency will improve greatly. The dynamic traffic evacuation process is modeled using a rule-based multi-agent microscopic traffic simulation system called TransWorld. The simulation experiment results illustrate the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed method. The proposed methodology, computational results and discussions can be used for future emergency evacuation planning and management.","PeriodicalId":184458,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116258950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper presents two adaptive two-stage fuzzy controllers for traffic signals at isolated intersections. Firstly, a two-stage combination fuzzy controller is designed. For traffic status variables in two-stage controller leading to the inefficiency of traffic states weakening under low traffic flow, the controller introduces 0–1 combination and determines the combination of traffic status variables of fuzzy controller's inputs from the perspective of structural optimization. Secondly, aiming at the problems of fuzzy controller parameter empirical settings and functional disability of learning, a two-stage fuzzy logic traffic signal controller with online optimization is proposed; this controller introduces the rolling horizon framework and optimizes the parameters of membership functions and controller rules by using hybrid genetic algorithm. The performance of two proposed models is validated via online Paramics-based simulation platform, and extensive simulation tests have demonstrated the potential of developed controllers for adaptive traffic signal control.
{"title":"Optimized two-stage fuzzy control for urban traffic signals at isolated intersection and Paramics simulation","authors":"Wenchen Yang, Lun Zhang, Zhaocheng He, Lijian Zhuang","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2012.6338691","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2012.6338691","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents two adaptive two-stage fuzzy controllers for traffic signals at isolated intersections. Firstly, a two-stage combination fuzzy controller is designed. For traffic status variables in two-stage controller leading to the inefficiency of traffic states weakening under low traffic flow, the controller introduces 0–1 combination and determines the combination of traffic status variables of fuzzy controller's inputs from the perspective of structural optimization. Secondly, aiming at the problems of fuzzy controller parameter empirical settings and functional disability of learning, a two-stage fuzzy logic traffic signal controller with online optimization is proposed; this controller introduces the rolling horizon framework and optimizes the parameters of membership functions and controller rules by using hybrid genetic algorithm. The performance of two proposed models is validated via online Paramics-based simulation platform, and extensive simulation tests have demonstrated the potential of developed controllers for adaptive traffic signal control.","PeriodicalId":184458,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117095375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-11-09DOI: 10.1109/ITSC.2010.5625508
U. Nunes
It is my pleasure to welcome you to the 13th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, hosted in Funchal - Madeira Island, Portugal. This flagship conference of the IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Society is a leading forum where the state-of-the-art, the latest developments as well as future perspectives relating to intelligent transportation systems are presented and discussed. This IEEE ITSC 2010 conference covers a wide range of topics related to safe, efficient, clean, and intelligent sustainable mobility; including ITS theory, new ITS technology and applications, and ITS societal/environmental impacts.
{"title":"Welcome message from conference general chair","authors":"U. Nunes","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2010.5625508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2010.5625508","url":null,"abstract":"It is my pleasure to welcome you to the 13th International IEEE Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, hosted in Funchal - Madeira Island, Portugal. This flagship conference of the IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Society is a leading forum where the state-of-the-art, the latest developments as well as future perspectives relating to intelligent transportation systems are presented and discussed. This IEEE ITSC 2010 conference covers a wide range of topics related to safe, efficient, clean, and intelligent sustainable mobility; including ITS theory, new ITS technology and applications, and ITS societal/environmental impacts.","PeriodicalId":184458,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133985131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-11-09DOI: 10.1109/ITSC.2010.5625216
S. Hold, S. Görmer, A. Kummert, M. Meuter, Stefan Müller-Schneiders
This paper presents a new application, the Exit Lane Assistant (ELA), based on a novel and robust vision-based classifier of lane boundary types. Using the knowledge that the exit lane is separated by a special lane boundary type from the other lanes, the intention of leaving the motorway can be recognized by classifying the type of the crossed lane boundaries. Therefore, lane markings are detected at predefined vertical coordinates in the image, so-called scanlines. The detection results, lane marking detected or not detected, are saved into a one-dimensional time-series for each scanline and lane boundary. Based on a Fourier analysis of the set of time series, features are extracted and compared with the theoretic values for the different boundary types using a nearest-neighbor classifier. The lane boundary type is determined fusing the classification results of each scanline based on their confidence. The exit lane ist finally recognized by a rule-based fusion with a digital map.
{"title":"ELA - an exit lane assistant for adaptive cruise control and navigation systems","authors":"S. Hold, S. Görmer, A. Kummert, M. Meuter, Stefan Müller-Schneiders","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2010.5625216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2010.5625216","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a new application, the Exit Lane Assistant (ELA), based on a novel and robust vision-based classifier of lane boundary types. Using the knowledge that the exit lane is separated by a special lane boundary type from the other lanes, the intention of leaving the motorway can be recognized by classifying the type of the crossed lane boundaries. Therefore, lane markings are detected at predefined vertical coordinates in the image, so-called scanlines. The detection results, lane marking detected or not detected, are saved into a one-dimensional time-series for each scanline and lane boundary. Based on a Fourier analysis of the set of time series, features are extracted and compared with the theoretic values for the different boundary types using a nearest-neighbor classifier. The lane boundary type is determined fusing the classification results of each scanline based on their confidence. The exit lane ist finally recognized by a rule-based fusion with a digital map.","PeriodicalId":184458,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115477236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-11-09DOI: 10.1109/ITSC.2010.5624978
A. D. L. Fortelle
Intersections concentrate a too important number of accidents. It is quite obvious they are dangerous places because it is where cars potentially collide due to intersecting trajectories, as opposed to “normal” roads where they are parallel. This paper present a framework designed initially for cybercars (fully automated cars) but that could also be applied — though with major differences — to human driven cars. It is a world where vehicles have to reserve pieces of roads to cross a junction. This work is an enhancement of a previous work that demonstrated the feasibility of such a reservation algorithm.
{"title":"Analysis of reservation algorithms for cooperative planning at intersections","authors":"A. D. L. Fortelle","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2010.5624978","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2010.5624978","url":null,"abstract":"Intersections concentrate a too important number of accidents. It is quite obvious they are dangerous places because it is where cars potentially collide due to intersecting trajectories, as opposed to “normal” roads where they are parallel. This paper present a framework designed initially for cybercars (fully automated cars) but that could also be applied — though with major differences — to human driven cars. It is a world where vehicles have to reserve pieces of roads to cross a junction. This work is an enhancement of a previous work that demonstrated the feasibility of such a reservation algorithm.","PeriodicalId":184458,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","volume":"460 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123049145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2009-11-06DOI: 10.1109/ITSC.2009.5309888
G. Venayagamoorthy, Scott Belcher
The modern electric power grid with wind energy is a complex adaptive system under semiautonomous distributed control. It is spatially and temporally complex, non-convex, nonlinear and nonstationary with a lot of uncertainties. The integration of plug-in hybrid and electric vehicles increases the complexity and challenges to the various controllers at all levels of the power grid. Charging large number of electric vehicles randomly or simultaneously without an intelligent infrastructure will increase the load on the electric grid causing adverse effects and increase in cost of electric vehicle usage. Intelligent scheduling of vehicles for charging and dynamic load forecasting will become of vital importance. On the other hand, electric vehicles with the use of vehicle-to-grid technology (gridable vehicles), information technology and advanced computational methods can make the electric grid efficient, reliable, distributed, clean and interoperable. This plenary talk will present some challenges to electric transportation and possible solutions, and the potentials of electric transportation in the smart grid.
{"title":"Smart grid and electric transportation","authors":"G. Venayagamoorthy, Scott Belcher","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2009.5309888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2009.5309888","url":null,"abstract":"The modern electric power grid with wind energy is a complex adaptive system under semiautonomous distributed control. It is spatially and temporally complex, non-convex, nonlinear and nonstationary with a lot of uncertainties. The integration of plug-in hybrid and electric vehicles increases the complexity and challenges to the various controllers at all levels of the power grid. Charging large number of electric vehicles randomly or simultaneously without an intelligent infrastructure will increase the load on the electric grid causing adverse effects and increase in cost of electric vehicle usage. Intelligent scheduling of vehicles for charging and dynamic load forecasting will become of vital importance. On the other hand, electric vehicles with the use of vehicle-to-grid technology (gridable vehicles), information technology and advanced computational methods can make the electric grid efficient, reliable, distributed, clean and interoperable. This plenary talk will present some challenges to electric transportation and possible solutions, and the potentials of electric transportation in the smart grid.","PeriodicalId":184458,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2009-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116873699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-12-30DOI: 10.1109/ITSC.2008.4732719
R. Rossetti, Paulo A. F. Ferreira, Rodrigo A. M. Braga, E. Oliveira
This work reports on the use of the concept of artificial transportation systems to implement a framework to allow the specification and test of new generation intelligent traffic control systems. A JADE implementation of a real agent application is linked to a virtual traffic domain to test control behaviour of traffic semaphores. Mixing reality and virtual environments is expected to foster the development of new generation of urban transport solutions. First experiments were carried out, which demonstrated the feasibility of the approach.
{"title":"Towards an Artificial Traffic Control System","authors":"R. Rossetti, Paulo A. F. Ferreira, Rodrigo A. M. Braga, E. Oliveira","doi":"10.1109/ITSC.2008.4732719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITSC.2008.4732719","url":null,"abstract":"This work reports on the use of the concept of artificial transportation systems to implement a framework to allow the specification and test of new generation intelligent traffic control systems. A JADE implementation of a real agent application is linked to a virtual traffic domain to test control behaviour of traffic semaphores. Mixing reality and virtual environments is expected to foster the development of new generation of urban transport solutions. First experiments were carried out, which demonstrated the feasibility of the approach.","PeriodicalId":184458,"journal":{"name":"International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems","volume":"247 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115645182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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