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Research on Development Strategy of Zhengzhou-Europe Block Trains 郑欧班列发展战略研究
Yanchun Huang
As an important measure to implement the strategy of “The Belt and Road”, "Zhengzhou-Europe block trains" has been developing rapidly since its birth in 2013. No matter in the frequency, number, freight volume, or the scope of cargo sources, they rank first in the class of China Railway Express. This paper introduces the current operation situation of "Zhengzhou-Europe block trains". Then combined with the main operation links and transportation business process of "Zhengzhou-Europe block trains", and based on Analytic Hierarchy Process -SWOT analysis, it is concluded that "Zhengzhou-Europe block trains" should adopt SO strategy, and then WO strategy, ST strategy and WT strategy. Keywords—Zhengzhou-Europe block trains; analytic hierarchy process SWOT analysis; development strategy
作为实施“一带一路”战略的重要举措,“郑欧班列”自2013年诞生以来发展迅速。无论是发车频次、发车数量、货运量,还是货源范围,均居中铁快运类之首。介绍了“郑欧班列”的运行现状。然后结合“郑欧班列”的主要运营环节和运输业务流程,基于层次分析法-SWOT分析法,得出“郑欧班列”应采用SO战略,其次是WO战略、ST战略和WT战略。关键词:郑欧班列;层次分析法;SWOT分析法;发展战略
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引用次数: 0
Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulations of Hydrogen Jet Fires inside a Tunnel 隧道内氢射流火灾的计算流体动力学模拟
Jiandu Zhang, Yong Pan, Yuqing Ni, Congming Ma, Fan Wu, Wei Zhou, Yuanyuan Wang
Compared with the hydrogen jet fire from a pressure vessel in an open space, the hydrogen jet fire inside a tunnel has a different kind of risk because of the semi-enclosed space. In this study, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations of the hydrogen jet fire from a hydrogen transport vehicle inside a tunnel were carried out. Several different factors, such as hydrogen leakage rate, leakage area, longitudinal ventilation, transverse ventilation and the volume of the tunnel, were considered to analyze the influence on the temperature and diffusion of hydrogen inside the tunnel during the jet fire. The results show that compared with an open space, the hazards of the hydrogen jet fire inside a tunnel lie in not only high temperature but also the accumulation of hydrogen, which may pose a secondary disaster inside the tunnel. In order to control the hazard and avoid a secondary disaster after the hydrogen jet fire happened, enough longitudinal and transverse ventilation is necessary inside the tunnel. Keywords—computational fluid dynamics simulations; hydrogen jet fire; tunnel fire; dangerous chemical transport
与开放空间压力容器的氢气喷射火灾相比,隧道内氢气喷射火灾由于处于半封闭空间而具有不同的危险性。本文对隧道内氢气运输车辆的氢气喷射火焰进行了计算流体力学(CFD)模拟。考虑氢气泄漏率、泄漏面积、纵向通风量、横向通风量和隧道容积等因素,分析了喷流火灾过程中氢气对隧道内温度和扩散的影响。结果表明,与露天相比,隧道内氢气射流火灾的危害不仅在于温度高,还在于氢气的积聚,可能会对隧道内造成二次灾害。为了控制火灾危害,避免氢气喷射火灾发生后的二次灾害,隧道内必须有足够的纵向和横向通风。关键词:计算流体力学;氢喷射火;隧道火灾;危险化学品运输
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引用次数: 0
Research on the Construction of Rural Energy System in Tianjin 天津市农村能源体系建设研究
Mingzhe Chen, Z. Wang
With the development of China's economy and its sheer size, the increasingly pursuit of a better life, people's demands for the environment and health are getting bigger and bigger. Due to traditional lifestyles and habits, rural people still use unclean and Non-environmental power sources. Most of them use coal and firewood to heat and cook, which seriously affects the development and progress of rural economic and social development. The construction of rural energy systems is becoming increasingly urgent. In order to study this system in Tianjin, we selected five representative villages in Tianjin. Through interviews and questionnaire surveys, we summarized the current situation of rural energy use in Tianjin and found out many problems such as imperfect systems. We have developed corresponding countermeasures for the construction of it. In order to improve the environmental quality of rural areas, study and explore the construction of rural energy system, and help Tianjin rural revitalization, we conducted research on five suburban rural areas in Tianjin, conducted research and study through different typical villages, and fully understood the specific use of rural energy in Tianjin. The paper will explore countermeasures for the construction of rural energy system in Tianjin. Keywords—rural energy system; construction; environmental protection; rural revitalization I. ANALYSIS OF THE CURRENT SITUATION OF RURAL
随着中国经济的发展和规模的扩大,人们对美好生活的追求越来越高,对环境和健康的要求也越来越高。由于传统的生活方式和习惯,农村居民仍然使用不清洁和非环保的能源。他们大多使用煤和柴火来取暖和做饭,严重影响了农村经济社会发展的发展和进步。农村能源体系建设迫在眉睫。为了在天津市对这一制度进行研究,我们选择了天津市五个具有代表性的村庄。通过访谈和问卷调查,总结了天津市农村能源利用现状,发现了制度不完善等诸多问题。为此,我们制定了相应的对策。为了改善农村环境质量,研究探索农村能源体系建设,助力天津乡村振兴,我们对天津五个郊区农村进行了调研,通过不同典型村庄进行调研,充分了解天津农村能源的具体利用情况。本文将探讨天津市农村能源体系建设的对策。关键词:农村能源体系;建设;环境保护;乡村振兴1 .乡村现状分析
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引用次数: 0
An Algorithm of Filtering Noises in Multi-beam Data Based on Rolling Circle Transform 基于滚动圆变换的多波束数据噪声滤波算法
Jian Dong, Rencan Peng, Binbin Li, Zhu Wang, Liwei Wang
After having analyzed the disadvantage of existing automatic filtering algorithm, which means deleting the micro morphology or obstacle caused by devilishly pursuing the smoothing effect of artificial filtering method, aims at Ping as the processing cell of multi-beam bathymetric survey data, and by means of rolling circle transform’s characteristic of identifying and analyzing the concave (convex) part quantitatively under specific precision, the paper details an algorithm for filtering noises in multi-beam data based on a rolling circle transform, and details the keystone and solution steps of the model. At last, in a VC++ environment, some experiments were done to validate the algorithm’s validity. The experiments show that the algorithm can filter noises in multi-beam data; maintaining marine topography completeness and enhancing the efficiency in gross error detection. Keywords—rolling circle transform; multi-beam data; filtering; algorithm
在分析了现有自动滤波算法的缺点,即删除人为滤波方法过分追求平滑效果而造成的微观形貌或障碍后,针对Ping作为多波束测深数据的处理单元,利用滚动圆变换在特定精度下对凹(凸)部分进行定量识别和分析的特点,本文详细介绍了一种基于滚动圆变换的多波束数据噪声滤波算法,详细介绍了该模型的关键和求解步骤。最后,在vc++环境下进行了实验,验证了算法的有效性。实验表明,该算法能有效地滤除多波束数据中的噪声;保持海洋地形完整性,提高粗差检测效率。关键词:滚动圆变换;多波束数据;过滤;算法
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引用次数: 1
Bacterial Community Characteristics and Detection of Denitrifying Functional Genes nirS, nirk in the Coastal Water of Bohai Bay, China Bacterial and denitrifying functional genes in Bohai 渤海湾近岸水体细菌群落特征及反硝化功能基因nirS、nirk的检测
Liping Wang, Ruizhi Liu, Qing-shu Meng, Zicheng Li, Jian Gong
To understand the microbial community characteristics and denitrification status in coastal water ecosystem of Bohai Bay, China, the bacterioplankton from six representative stations were collected in September 2016, and the bacterial community and abundance of nir-encoding denitrifying bacteria were studied by 454-pyrosequencing and real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR), respectively. The results showed that the Shannon index of the bacterial community ranged from 4.86 to 5.56. The bacterial composition and their relative abundance varied significantly among the bacterial libraries from the six water samples. Proteobacteria was the largest phylum in the six samples varying between 63.19% and 77.34%. α-proteobacteria was the most abundant class in the W4 station with 46.09%, while γ-proteobacteria was the most abundant class in other five stations ranging from 36.39% to 60.58%. The qPCR results showed that the nirS gene abundance ranged from 2.26×107 copies/L to 9.63×107 copies/L, while nirK gene ranged from 1.01×106 copies/L to 2.09×107 copies/L, indicating that both of them played important roles during the denitrification of the local coastal water. Furthermore, the nirS abundance in each station was significantly higher than that of nirK, suggesting that the functional genes nirS played more important role than nirK in reduction process of nitrite (NO2-) to nitric oxide (NO). Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) results indicated that petroleum, arsenic (As), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) had significant effects on the distribution of bacterial community. In contrast, the key factors regulating the nirS and nirK gene abundances included nitrate (NO3-N), phosphate (PO3-P), chlorophyll a (Chla), As and Cd. Keywords—Bohai Sea; bacteria; denitrification; pyrosequencing; real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR)
为了解渤海湾沿海水体生态系统微生物群落特征及反硝化状况,于2016年9月采集了6个代表性站点的浮游细菌,分别采用454焦磷酸测序和实时定量PCR (qPCR)技术对细菌群落和nir编码反硝化细菌丰度进行了研究。结果表明,该菌群的Shannon指数在4.86 ~ 5.56之间。6个水样细菌文库的细菌组成及其相对丰度存在显著差异。变形菌门是6个样品中最大的门,占63.19% ~ 77.34%。α-变形菌纲在W4站的丰度最高,为46.09%,而γ-变形菌纲在其他5个站的丰度最高,为36.39% ~ 60.58%。qPCR结果显示,nirS基因丰度范围为2.26×107 copies/L ~ 9.63×107 copies/L, nirK基因丰度范围为1.01×106 copies/L ~ 2.09×107 copies/L,说明它们在当地沿海水体反硝化过程中发挥了重要作用。此外,各站点的nirS丰度均显著高于nirK,说明功能基因nirS在亚硝酸盐(NO2-)还原为一氧化氮(NO)的过程中比nirK发挥更重要的作用。典型对应分析(CCA)结果表明,石油、砷(As)、铬(Cr)、铅(Pb)和镉(Cd)对细菌群落分布有显著影响。相比之下,调控nirS和nirK基因丰度的关键因子是硝酸盐(NO3-N)、磷酸盐(PO3-P)、叶绿素a (Chla)、砷和镉。细菌;脱氮;焦磷酸测序;实时定量PCR
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引用次数: 1
Cascaded Hydropower "Virtual Pumped Storage Power Station" Scheduling Method and Application 级联水电“虚拟抽水蓄能电站”调度方法及应用
Jincheng Yang, Changhong Deng, Zhijun Long, Zhang Siying, Wang Weizhou
In order to solve the problem of peak shaving capacity in power system caused by high permeability of renewable energy, this paper proposed a cascaded hydropower "Virtual pumped storage power station" scheduling method. The "Virtual pumped storage power station" model of cascade hydropower stations is established by studying the coupling relationship between each cascaded hydropower stations, simulating the operation of pumped storage power stations from both hydraulic and electrical aspects. Under the constraints of cascaded hydropower stations, the objective function of peak shaving power of "virtual pumped power station" is constructed and figured out. The simulation results prove that the cascaded hydropower scheduling from this method is able to significantly improve flexibility and economy of cascaded hydropower, and taps the peak shaving potential of cascaded hydropower sufficiently. Keywords—cascaded hydropower; virtual pumped storage; real-time scheduling
为了解决可再生能源高渗透性给电力系统带来的调峰能力问题,本文提出了一种梯级水电“虚拟抽水蓄能电站”调度方法。通过研究各梯级水电站之间的耦合关系,从水力和电力两个方面模拟抽水蓄能电站的运行,建立梯级水电站的“虚拟抽水蓄能电站”模型。在梯级水电站约束下,构造并求出了“虚拟抽水电站”调峰功率的目标函数。仿真结果表明,采用该方法进行梯级水电调度能够显著提高梯级水电调度的灵活性和经济性,充分挖掘梯级水电的调峰潜力。Keywords-cascaded水电;虚拟抽水蓄能;实时调度
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引用次数: 0
Experimental Study on Energy-saving of Highway Tunnel Lighting with Central Lamp Distribution 中央配灯公路隧道照明节能试验研究
S. Fan, Chao Yang
At present, most energy-saving studies on tunnel lighting are theoretical or emulational, fewer are experimental studies. Based on optimized tunnel lamp installation parameters, a simulation experiment of tunnel lighting and a tunnel model experiment of lighting were carried out to study the energy-saving of tunnel lighting with low cost. Yanlieshan highway tunnel was selected as object, the optimized central lamp installation parameters (OCLIPs) were obtained with the lighting parameters optimization model (LPOM) on central lamp distribution (CLD) from reference on the basis of tunnel structure sizes (TSS) and selected LED lamps. Simulation experiment of the tunnel lighting was accomplished with DIALux based on the TSS and OCLIPs. A similar tunnel model was designed and built according to the TSS and similarity theory, a lighting experiment was accomplished with the similar tunnel model, and the road-surface-illuminance (RSI) data were obtained and reversely treated, and compared with the simulation experiment results, the statistical results of horizontal RSI of the two ways coincides well, which proves the correctness of the LPOM, the feasibility of the lighting experimental study with tunnel model and validity of the experiment method. Keywords—highway tunnel lighting; energy-saving; experimental study; central lamp distribution
目前,对隧道照明节能的研究多为理论或仿真研究,实验研究较少。在优化隧道灯具安装参数的基础上,进行了隧道照明仿真实验和隧道照明模型实验,研究了低成本隧道照明的节能效果。以燕烈山公路隧道为研究对象,根据隧道结构尺寸(TSS)和选定的LED灯具,利用参考资料建立中央灯具分布(CLD)照明参数优化模型(LPOM),得到优化的中央灯具安装参数(OCLIPs)。利用基于TSS和OCLIPs的DIALux软件完成了隧道照明的仿真实验。根据TSS和相似理论设计并建立了相似隧道模型,利用相似隧道模型进行了照明实验,获得了路面照度(RSI)数据并进行了反向处理,与模拟实验结果比较,两种方法的水平RSI统计结果吻合较好,证明了LPOM的正确性。利用隧道模型进行照明实验研究的可行性和实验方法的有效性。关键词:公路隧道照明;节能;实验研究;中央灯分布
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引用次数: 0
A GIS Platform Decoupled Evaluation Model of Sea Area Utilization Ecological Benefit 基于GIS平台的海域利用生态效益解耦评价模型
Shanshan Jin, Peili Zhao, Min-jie Kang
Evaluation of ecological benefit of sea area utilization is an important technology for decision support in marine spatial planning process. In this paper, a model of ecological benefit evaluation of marine based on lattice marine units is developed, in which the spatial data processing flow and non-spatial data processing flow are separated. The model calculation is decoupled with GIS platform, which is developed by object oriented programming. Two applications are developed based on the model, one is a comprehensive benefit analysis of maximum sea area utilization, and the other is an ecological benefit loss analysis of current utilization of marine. The model application results show that the model automated computing process based on different scenario parameters can support the decision making process of marine planning and management without GIS platform support. Keywords—evaluation model of ecological benefit of sea area utilization; geographic information system; decision support system
海域利用生态效益评价是海洋空间规划过程中决策支持的一项重要技术。提出了一种基于格子海洋单元的海洋生态效益评价模型,该模型将空间数据处理流程与非空间数据处理流程分离。模型计算与GIS平台解耦,采用面向对象编程方法开发。在此基础上开发了最大海域利用的综合效益分析和当前海洋利用的生态效益损失分析两种应用。模型应用结果表明,基于不同情景参数的模型自动化计算过程可以支持在没有GIS平台支持的情况下进行海洋规划管理决策过程。关键词:海域利用生态效益评价模型;地理信息系统;决策支持系统
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of Energy Saving Technology and Potential in China's Key Industries for the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan" Period “十四五”期间中国重点行业节能技术与潜力分析
Yu Zhang, Wei Tang, Xiao-cong Liu, Chengjie Wang, Peng Wu
The energy saving & emission reduction (ESER) is the main objective for energy-intensive industries, which will be accomplished with technological innovations and policy guidance. This paper compares the ESER technologies in six energyintensive industries and analyzes their potentials. Based on this, an index system is established to evaluate the ESER effects for 20212025 (the “14th Five-Year” periods). Some valuable suggestions are provided which may be useful for technology selection. Keywords—energy saving; emission reduction; technology and potential; Fourteen Five-Year Plan
节能减排是高耗能产业的主要目标,要通过技术创新和政策引导来实现。本文对六大能源密集型行业的ESER技术进行了比较,并分析了其潜力。在此基础上,建立了评价20212025年(“十四五”)ESER效果的指标体系。提出了一些有价值的建议,可能有助于技术选择。Keywords-energy储蓄;减排;技术和潜力;“十四五”规划
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引用次数: 0
Ensemble Sensitivity Analysis Applied to a Heavy Rainfall Event in Beijing 北京一次强降雨事件的集合敏感性分析
Yunqi Guo, Yi Wang, Kan Dai, Xiaomei Zhang, Yueting Shen
A high-impact heavy rainfall event occurred in Beijing, China on 16 July 2018, which is a typical warm sector heavy rainfall associated with Mesoscale Convective System (MCS) of multi cells. To clarify the key factors influencing the heavy rainfall, ensemble sensitivity analysis (ESA) is conducted using the state-of-the-art European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) ensemble prediction system. The ESA is a new efficient tool utilizing the information contained in ensemble forecast to calculate a linear relationship between a forecast metric and model perturbation variable. Results show that the low-level southwestly moist flow plays a significant role in the heavy rainfall in Beijing which is favorable for abundant water vapor and dynamic lifting. Keywords—ensemble sensitivity analysis; heavy rainfall; ensemble prediction system
2018年7月16日,中国北京发生了一次高影响强降雨事件,是一次与多单体中尺度对流系统(MCS)相关的典型暖区强降雨。为厘清影响强降雨的主要因素,天文台利用欧洲中期天气预报中心(ECMWF)最先进的整体预报系统,进行整体敏感度分析(ESA)。ESA是利用集合预报中包含的信息来计算预报度量与模型扰动变量之间的线性关系的一种新的有效工具。结果表明,低空西南湿气流在北京地区强降水中发挥了重要作用,有利于水汽丰富和动力抬升。关键词:系综灵敏度分析;强降雨;集合预报系统
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Proceedings of the 2019 2nd International Conference on Sustainable Energy, Environment and Information Engineering (SEEIE 2019)
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