While the FTC can and has brought claims under Section 5 of FTC Act, there is a new need for federal legislation to be more specifically targeted toward online stores and physical stores that abuse the technology to track consumers. Companies need legislative guidelines on what information they can collect from consumers, what they can do with this information and how transparent they must be with consumers. The FTC’s reports are helpful to protect privacy, if companies actually follow them. There is a great need to amend Section 5 of the FTC to deal with consumer privacy in this new autonomous retail world. Amazon's "Just Walk Out" technology should not give Amazon the opportunity to walk all over consumers’ privacy.
{"title":"Walk Out Technology: The Need to Amend Section 5 of the Federal Trade Commission Act to Protect Consumer Privacy and Promote Corporate Transparency","authors":"Alexandra Menosky","doi":"10.5195/tlp.2017.200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/tlp.2017.200","url":null,"abstract":"While the FTC can and has brought claims under Section 5 of FTC Act, there is a new need for federal legislation to be more specifically targeted toward online stores and physical stores that abuse the technology to track consumers. Companies need legislative guidelines on what information they can collect from consumers, what they can do with this information and how transparent they must be with consumers. The FTC’s reports are helpful to protect privacy, if companies actually follow them. There is a great need to amend Section 5 of the FTC to deal with consumer privacy in this new autonomous retail world. Amazon's \"Just Walk Out\" technology should not give Amazon the opportunity to walk all over consumers’ privacy.","PeriodicalId":185385,"journal":{"name":"Pittsburgh Journal of Technology Law & Policy","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129139083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The incredible rate at which the wearable technology market has grown suggests that it has become a large part of daily life.156 Similar to cell phone usage, Americans are now wearing cutting edge devices on them everywhere they go, collecting data which assists them in their daily lives.157 But the average American using wearable technology is unlikely to think about how stored data can be used by law enforcement to incriminate them. Additionally, users of wearable technology probably don’t want their personal information disclosed to the public. As a result, the Pennsylvania judiciary must require law enforcement to obtain a warrant before searching wearable technology. The Pennsylvania judiciary has a history of extending Fourth Amendment protections and should continue to do so.
{"title":"Wearable Evidence: Why the Pennsylvania Judiciary Should Require a Warrant to Search Wearable Technology","authors":"Pat Augustine","doi":"10.5195/TLP.2017.197","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/TLP.2017.197","url":null,"abstract":"The incredible rate at which the wearable technology market has grown suggests that it has become a large part of daily life.156 Similar to cell phone usage, Americans are now wearing cutting edge devices on them everywhere they go, collecting data which assists them in their daily lives.157 But the average American using wearable technology is unlikely to think about how stored data can be used by law enforcement to incriminate them. Additionally, users of wearable technology probably don’t want their personal information disclosed to the public. As a result, the Pennsylvania judiciary must require law enforcement to obtain a warrant before searching wearable technology. The Pennsylvania judiciary has a history of extending Fourth Amendment protections and should continue to do so.","PeriodicalId":185385,"journal":{"name":"Pittsburgh Journal of Technology Law & Policy","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127818256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As an up-and-coming technology, the full potential of 3-D printing has yet to be realized, and its movement toward at-home consumers may cause problems that still remain undiscovered. Paired with the inconsistencies between various state and federal laws, the continued development of 3-D printed weapons could pose a major threat to our nation’s security. Left untouched, current trends could allow for the issue of untraceable weapons to spiral out of control and beyond repair. 3-D printing is undoubtedly one of the world’s most revolutionary technologies, but it could become one of the world’s most dangerous if left without limits.
{"title":"3-D Printed Guns: A Developing Technology with Dangerous Potential","authors":"J. Danielczyk","doi":"10.5195/TLP.2017.199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/TLP.2017.199","url":null,"abstract":"As an up-and-coming technology, the full potential of 3-D printing has yet to be realized, and its movement toward at-home consumers may cause problems that still remain undiscovered. Paired with the inconsistencies between various state and federal laws, the continued development of 3-D printed weapons could pose a major threat to our nation’s security. Left untouched, current trends could allow for the issue of untraceable weapons to spiral out of control and beyond repair. 3-D printing is undoubtedly one of the world’s most revolutionary technologies, but it could become one of the world’s most dangerous if left without limits.","PeriodicalId":185385,"journal":{"name":"Pittsburgh Journal of Technology Law & Policy","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130678904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nuclear power generation is responsible for fifteen percent of the world’s electricity, and since the beginning of the century additional nuclear reactors have appeared on the global grid in places other than the United States and Europe. Currently, sixty one nuclear reactors are under construction, and three-quarters of those are located in four countries: China, India, South Korea, and Russia. China aims to quadruple its nuclear power capacity by 2020. The United Arab Emirates entered into a 20 billion dollar contract with a South Korean consortium to build four nuclear reactors expected to be operational in 2017. Nuclear power creates radioactive waste with a half-life that spans thousands of years. If nations could reduce the radioactivity and volume, and thus the potential harmfulness, of nuclear waste by recycling spent nuclear fuel, would they take this opportunity? In the United States, the answer is no. In France, however, the answer is yes. The purpose of this paper is not to advocate for or condemn the use of nuclear technology.
{"title":"Reviving Spent Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing in the U.S.","authors":"Emily M. Farah","doi":"10.5195/TLP.2016.193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/TLP.2016.193","url":null,"abstract":"Nuclear power generation is responsible for fifteen percent of the world’s electricity, and since the beginning of the century additional nuclear reactors have appeared on the global grid in places other than the United States and Europe. Currently, sixty one nuclear reactors are under construction, and three-quarters of those are located in four countries: China, India, South Korea, and Russia. China aims to quadruple its nuclear power capacity by 2020. The United Arab Emirates entered into a 20 billion dollar contract with a South Korean consortium to build four nuclear reactors expected to be operational in 2017. Nuclear power creates radioactive waste with a half-life that spans thousands of years. If nations could reduce the radioactivity and volume, and thus the potential harmfulness, of nuclear waste by recycling spent nuclear fuel, would they take this opportunity? In the United States, the answer is no. In France, however, the answer is yes. The purpose of this paper is not to advocate for or condemn the use of nuclear technology.","PeriodicalId":185385,"journal":{"name":"Pittsburgh Journal of Technology Law & Policy","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127018499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
For the past several years, the Obama administration has become increasingly vocal with regards to the need to prevent global warming and abandon fossil fuels in favor of clean energy. [1] And solar energy seems like the obvious first choice in furtherance of those goals. However, in the race for solar energy, state lawmakers should not sacrifice efficiency and welfare in favor of speedy results. Pennsylvania authorities made a mistake: by adopting one of the most aggressive solar initiatives in the country, they sacrificed hundreds of people who simply cannot afford solar technologies. Specifically, numerous reports and publications have suggested that Pennsylvania Alternative Energy Portfolio Standards, including its solar requirement, create cross subsidizing of the owners of solar panels at the expense of all other energy consumers, distorting the energy market and increasing instances of free-riding. The groups most affected are low-income populations. Pennsylvania can still, however, successfully pursue its solar initiatives subject to certain changes in its law and policy that address the negative effects of its current regime.
{"title":"It's not always Sunny in Philadelphia: The Problem with the Pennsylvania Solar Initiatives","authors":"Christina Alam","doi":"10.5195/TLP.2016.190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/TLP.2016.190","url":null,"abstract":"For the past several years, the Obama administration has become increasingly vocal with regards to the need to prevent global warming and abandon fossil fuels in favor of clean energy. [1] And solar energy seems like the obvious first choice in furtherance of those goals. However, in the race for solar energy, state lawmakers should not sacrifice efficiency and welfare in favor of speedy results. Pennsylvania authorities made a mistake: by adopting one of the most aggressive solar initiatives in the country, they sacrificed hundreds of people who simply cannot afford solar technologies. Specifically, numerous reports and publications have suggested that Pennsylvania Alternative Energy Portfolio Standards, including its solar requirement, create cross subsidizing of the owners of solar panels at the expense of all other energy consumers, distorting the energy market and increasing instances of free-riding. The groups most affected are low-income populations. Pennsylvania can still, however, successfully pursue its solar initiatives subject to certain changes in its law and policy that address the negative effects of its current regime.","PeriodicalId":185385,"journal":{"name":"Pittsburgh Journal of Technology Law & Policy","volume":"228 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124599045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
UGotPosted.com, SnapSext.com, SnapGFs.com, snapchatleaked.com, Huntermoore.tv, etc., are websites where you do not want to find your picture. These websites are nonconsensual pornography websites. If you do unexpectedly find an intimate image of yourself on one of these websites—or any other porn website for that matter— your best legal recourse is through your state’s revenge porn law. However, if your state has yet to enact one, you might have to fight a legal battle in a notoriously grey area of the law. Pennsylvania recently enacted a revenge porn statute in 2014. But, prior to the adoption of 18 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 3131, entitled “Unlawful Dissemination of Intimate Image,” Pennsylvania residents had to navigate through the grey area of legal recourse, such as arguing one’s case under Pennsylvania’s Invasion of Privacy statute. This new area of sexual harassment through high-tech means proved to be growing and could no longer be ignored by state legislatures.
{"title":"Smartphones, Nude Snaps, and Legal Loopholes: Why Pennsylvania Needs to Amend its Revenge Porn Statute","authors":"V. Griffith","doi":"10.5195/TLP.2016.192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/TLP.2016.192","url":null,"abstract":"UGotPosted.com, SnapSext.com, SnapGFs.com, snapchatleaked.com, Huntermoore.tv, etc., are websites where you do not want to find your picture. These websites are nonconsensual pornography websites. If you do unexpectedly find an intimate image of yourself on one of these websites—or any other porn website for that matter— your best legal recourse is through your state’s revenge porn law. However, if your state has yet to enact one, you might have to fight a legal battle in a notoriously grey area of the law. Pennsylvania recently enacted a revenge porn statute in 2014. But, prior to the adoption of 18 Pa. Cons. Stat. § 3131, entitled “Unlawful Dissemination of Intimate Image,” Pennsylvania residents had to navigate through the grey area of legal recourse, such as arguing one’s case under Pennsylvania’s Invasion of Privacy statute. This new area of sexual harassment through high-tech means proved to be growing and could no longer be ignored by state legislatures.","PeriodicalId":185385,"journal":{"name":"Pittsburgh Journal of Technology Law & Policy","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129161885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
No invention since the telephone has had as great an impact on the way society communicates as the internet. Through the internet more than two billion people explore new worlds, go to places they never could have imagined, attain knowledge otherwise unavailable, and communicate with people otherwise unreachable. However, opening new channels of communication is just the beginning of the potential capabilities of the internet.
{"title":"Paying the Pied Piper: An Examination of Internet Service Provider Liability for Third Party Speech","authors":"J. Brenner","doi":"10.5195/tlp.2016.191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/tlp.2016.191","url":null,"abstract":"No invention since the telephone has had as great an impact on the way society communicates as the internet. Through the internet more than two billion people explore new worlds, go to places they never could have imagined, attain knowledge otherwise unavailable, and communicate with people otherwise unreachable. However, opening new channels of communication is just the beginning of the potential capabilities of the internet.","PeriodicalId":185385,"journal":{"name":"Pittsburgh Journal of Technology Law & Policy","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123743304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Law Clerk to Chief Judge Joy Flowers Conti, United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania; J.D. magna cum laude 2015, University of Pittsburgh (Lead Executive Editor, University of Pittsburgh Law Review ); B.A. 2009, University of North Florida. Thank you Professor Rhonda Wasserman for your advice and assistance on this paper and for an enlightening class on electronic discovery. Faculty for the University of Pittsburgh School of Law awarded this paper the William H. Eckert Prize .
{"title":"Forging a Balanced Presumption in Favor of Metadata Disclosure Under the Freedom of Information Act","authors":"Ben Minegar","doi":"10.5195/tlp.2015.177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/tlp.2015.177","url":null,"abstract":"Law Clerk to Chief Judge Joy Flowers Conti, United States District Court for the Western District of Pennsylvania; J.D. magna cum laude 2015, University of Pittsburgh (Lead Executive Editor, University of Pittsburgh Law Review ); B.A. 2009, University of North Florida. Thank you Professor Rhonda Wasserman for your advice and assistance on this paper and for an enlightening class on electronic discovery. Faculty for the University of Pittsburgh School of Law awarded this paper the William H. Eckert Prize .","PeriodicalId":185385,"journal":{"name":"Pittsburgh Journal of Technology Law & Policy","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132219038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Automobile accidents and roadway infrastructure problems are increasing in the United States. Specifically, 5.7 million automobile accidents were reported in 2013. The number of automobile accidents caused by lane drifting has increased over the past fifteen years, given the increased number of drivers on the road. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and the United States Department of Transportation (USDOT) have developed a cumulative solution to these problems. Connected Vehicle technology is part of the USDOT’s “Intelligent Transportation Systems” (ITS) initiative. The ITS initiative targets automobile crash avoidance and better traffic flow through the use of automated technologies. [1] Id. at v.
{"title":"Connected Vehicle Technology: An All Too Convenient Solution to Roadway Problems in the United States","authors":"Victor Kustra","doi":"10.5195/tlp.2015.180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/tlp.2015.180","url":null,"abstract":"Automobile accidents and roadway infrastructure problems are increasing in the United States. Specifically, 5.7 million automobile accidents were reported in 2013. The number of automobile accidents caused by lane drifting has increased over the past fifteen years, given the increased number of drivers on the road. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) and the United States Department of Transportation (USDOT) have developed a cumulative solution to these problems. Connected Vehicle technology is part of the USDOT’s “Intelligent Transportation Systems” (ITS) initiative. The ITS initiative targets automobile crash avoidance and better traffic flow through the use of automated technologies. [1] Id. at v.","PeriodicalId":185385,"journal":{"name":"Pittsburgh Journal of Technology Law & Policy","volume":"163 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125925435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
After the police brutality deaths of Michael Brown, Eric Garner, and Freddie Gray, amongst others, many call for increased accountability through police officer body-worn cameras. The following Note discusses the potential benefits of body camera use, the concerns that body cameras raise, relevant current and pending legislation in Pennsylvania, and whether police body cameras can be used to address race relations in connection with police officer brutality.
{"title":"Police Body Cameras: Mending Fences and How Pittsburgh is a Leading Example","authors":"Danielle Evans","doi":"10.5195/TLP.2015.179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5195/TLP.2015.179","url":null,"abstract":"After the police brutality deaths of Michael Brown, Eric Garner, and Freddie Gray, amongst others, many call for increased accountability through police officer body-worn cameras. The following Note discusses the potential benefits of body camera use, the concerns that body cameras raise, relevant current and pending legislation in Pennsylvania, and whether police body cameras can be used to address race relations in connection with police officer brutality.","PeriodicalId":185385,"journal":{"name":"Pittsburgh Journal of Technology Law & Policy","volume":"319 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115869397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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