Pub Date : 2020-02-03DOI: 10.1093/jama/9780190246556.003.0017
Lauren B. Fischer, P. Frank
The Units of Measure chapter of the 11th edition of the AMA Manual of Style begins with guidance on the International System of Units (SI) and includes an updated SI conversion table (laboratory reference ranges are no longer included because of differences among laboratories worldwide). Conventions related to format, style, and punctuation of units (eg, exponents, plurals, subject-verb agreement, spelling out units of measure, abbreviations, punctuation, hyphens, and spacing) and capitalization and expression of products and quotients of unit symbols are addressed. A detailed description of use of numerals with units is included, as are specific discussions of units of length, area, volume, and mass; temperature; time; visual acuity; pressure; pH; solutions and concentrations; energy; drug doses; laboratory values; and radiation. The list of international currencies and symbols has been updated and expanded. A change in policy to include a space after the number and before degrees Celsius and degrees Fahrenheit follows SI standards.
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Pub Date : 2020-02-03DOI: 10.1093/jama/9780190246556.003.0022
Brenda Gregoline
The Publishing Terms chapter of the 11th edition of the AMA Manual of Style defines terms commonly encountered during editing and publishing, as well as some industry terms that have a more common vernacular meaning. Many new terms have been added to the glossary since the previous edition.
{"title":"Publishing Terms","authors":"Brenda Gregoline","doi":"10.1093/jama/9780190246556.003.0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jama/9780190246556.003.0022","url":null,"abstract":"The Publishing Terms chapter of the 11th edition of the AMA Manual of Style defines terms commonly encountered during editing and publishing, as well as some industry terms that have a more common vernacular meaning. Many new terms have been added to the glossary since the previous edition.","PeriodicalId":186133,"journal":{"name":"AMA Manual of Style","volume":"153 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114525173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-02-03DOI: 10.1093/jama/9780190246556.003.0020
Lauren B. Fischer, Paul Frank
The Mathematical Composition chapter of the 11th edition of the AMA Manual of Style addresses conventions used to display mathematical formulas and other expressions involving special symbols, character positions, and relationships, both in print and online. Topics include displayed vs run-in equations, stacked vs unstacked fractions or formulas, exponents, fractional exponents vs radicals, negative exponents, logarithmic expressions, long formulas, expression of multiplication and division, typography and capitalization, punctuation, and spacing with mathematical symbols. A list of commonly used symbols is also included, as well as more examples of complicated “fences” in equations.
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Pub Date : 2020-02-03DOI: 10.1093/jama/9780190246556.002.0009
AMA Manual of Style Committee
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Pub Date : 2020-02-03DOI: 10.1093/jama/9780190246556.003.0010
Brenda Gregoline
The Capitalization chapter of the 11th edition of the AMA Manual of Style provides guidance on capitalization in a wide variety of situations: first word of sentences, quotations, titles, and subtitles; titles and headings in articles, tables, figures, and boxes; hyphenated compounds; proper nouns (geographic names; sociocultural designations; events, awards, and legislation; eponyms and words derived from proper nouns; proprietary names; organisms; seasons, deities, and holidays; tests; official names; and titles and degrees of persons); designators; types and sections of articles; acronyms; computer terms; and “intercapped” compounds. New to this edition is a subsection on capitalization of URLs.
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Pub Date : 2020-02-03DOI: 10.1093/jama/9780190246556.003.0018
E. Livingston
The Numbers and Percentages chapter of the 11th edition of the AMA Manual of Style tackles the difficult question of when to use numerals and when to use words, and how to combine the two. Many examples are given, including exceptions to the rules. Also addressed are different forms of numbers: fractions, mixed fractions, and decimals; numbers as measures of time, temperature, and currency; percentages and proportions; rates and ratios; and digit spans. Special attention is given to the number one (1), enumerations, and rounding numbers.
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Pub Date : 2020-02-03DOI: 10.1093/jama/9780190246556.003.0014
C. Iverson
The Nomenclature chapter of the 11th edition of the AMA Manual of Style attempts to explain not how names for specific entities should be devised (although the sources of such rules are cited whenever possible) but rather which names should be used and how they should be styled. Official systems of nomenclature are not universally observed to the letter (literally or figuratively), but there is an attempt to be consistent with official guidelines. The work of international groups, tradition, and flexibility combine to provide an approach that attempts to balance official systems and actual usage. Guidelines for nomenclature in the following areas are covered: blood groups, platelet antigens, and granulocyte antigens; cancer; cardiology; drugs; equipment, devices, and reagents; genetics; hemostasis; immunology; isotopes; molecular medicine; neurology; obstetrics; ophthalmology; organisms and pathogens; psychiatry; pulmonary, respiratory, and blood gas terminology; and radiology. A preview of a new section on nephrology is also included.
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Pub Date : 2020-02-03DOI: 10.1093/jama/9780195176339.003.0009
Brenda Gregoline
The Plurals chapter of the 11th edition of the AMA Manual of Style describes how plurals are formed, parenthetical plurals, when not to use plurals, and plurals of symbols, letters, numbers, and years. Also considered are collective nouns, Latin and Greek vs English plurals, plurals of microorganisms and abbreviations, and false singulars.
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Pub Date : 2020-02-03DOI: 10.1093/jama/9780195176339.003.0005
Annette Flanagin
The Ethical and Legal Considerations chapter of the 11th edition of the AMA Manual of Style summarizes best practices and cites examples of the determinants of ethical behavior and legal concerns as they relate to scientific publication. Topics covered include authorship responsibility; acknowledgments; duplicate publication; scientific misconduct; conflicts of interest; intellectual property: access, rights, and management; confidentiality; protecting research participants’ and patients’ rights in scientific publication; defamation and libel; editorial freedom and integrity; editorial responsibilities, roles, procedures, and policies; advertisements, advertorials, sponsorship, supplements, reprints, and e-prints; and release of information to the public and journal/author relations with the news media. Several new policies: mandate for a single corresponding author has been relaxed; designations such as co–first authorship or co–senior authorship may be allowed; the ICMJE policy on sharing clinical trial data is now being followed; and a new option is presented for retraction and replacement in cases of pervasive error without evidence of misconduct or invalid science.
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Pub Date : 2020-02-03DOI: 10.1093/jama/9780190246556.003.0013
Brenda Gregoline
The Abbreviations chapter of the 11th edition of the AMA Manual of Style begins by distinguishing between abbreviations, acronyms, and initialisms and cautions against overuse of abbreviations. Lists of abbreviations and their expansions are provided for academic degrees and honors; US military services and titles; days of the week, months, eras; local addresses; cities, states, counties, territories, possessions, provinces, countries; names and titles of persons; commercial firms; agencies, organizations, foundations, funding bodies; collaborative groups; names of journals; clinical, technical, and other common terms; units of measure; elements and chemicals; and radioactive isotopes. Several new policies: CI no longer requires expansion.In bylines, academic degrees should be reported; fellowship designations (eg, FRCP, FRCPC) and honorary degrees will no longer be included.
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