{"title":"Investigation of the Microstructure and Mechanical Behavior of Plain Carbon Steel Produced Via Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM)","authors":"Khashayar Razeghi, Yazdan Shajari, Farzaneh Khaleghifar, Afshin Ghanaei, Mehdi Akbarifar, Zahra-Sadat Seyedraoufi, Seyed Hossein Razavi","doi":"10.1007/s13632-023-01014-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13632-023-01014-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18631,"journal":{"name":"Metallography, Microstructure, and Analysis","volume":"25 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135136319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-08DOI: 10.1007/s13632-023-01006-5
Nader El-Bagoury, Shimaa El-Hadad, Madiha Shoeib
Abstract Fe–Ga alloys are attractive materials where high mechanical strength, toughness, ductility, and large low-field magnetostriction combine to give unique properties. Adding alloying elements is an effective method to further enhance these properties. In order to integrate these alloys into the operating environments, e.g., micro-robots and magnetic actuators, the corrosion behavior should be addressed. This work analyzed the microstructure, magnetization, hardness, and corrosion properties of Fe 81 Ga 19− x Z x ( X = 5 at.% of Ni, Mn, or Ti, and 2 at.% Al; separately) alloys. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope-electron (SEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), Vickers hardness (HV), and a potentiostat were used for characterization. XRD revealed that the prominent peak belongs to the bcc disorder A2 phase and a small peak for the cubic order L1 2 phase. Fe–Ga–Al alloy got the maximum Ms value, while Fe–Ga–Mn alloy gained the lowest one. However, the Mr and Hc properties for Fe–Ga alloy were distinctly improved by adding Al but slightly affected by doping Mn. Addition of Ti achieved the highest hardness, followed by Ni, Mn, and Al. The microstructure of the different alloys significantly influenced their corrosion behavior. Fe–Ga–Mn alloy with the fine globular grain structure showed the lowest corrosion rate (C R = 0.03 mm/year), whereas Fe–Ga–Al alloy with the coarse longitudinal grains exhibited the highest corrosion rate (C R = 0.19 mm/year).
摘要Fe-Ga合金是一种具有高机械强度、高韧性、高延展性和大低场磁致伸缩性能的极具吸引力的材料。添加合金元素是进一步提高这些性能的有效方法。为了将这些合金集成到操作环境中，例如微型机器人和磁性执行器，应该解决腐蚀行为。本文分析了fe81 Ga 19−x zx (x = 5 at)的显微组织、磁化强度、硬度和腐蚀性能。%的Ni, Mn，或Ti，和2at。%基地;分别)合金。采用x射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜-电子显微镜(SEM)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)、维氏硬度(HV)和恒电位器进行表征。XRD分析结果表明，其显著峰属于bcc无序A2相，小峰属于立方有序L1 2相。Fe-Ga-Al合金的Ms值最大，Fe-Ga-Mn合金的Ms值最小。Al对Fe-Ga合金的Mr和Hc性能有明显改善，Mn对其影响较小。Ti的硬度最高，其次是Ni、Mn和Al。不同合金的显微组织对其腐蚀行为有显著影响。晶粒细小的Fe-Ga-Mn合金的腐蚀速率最低(C R = 0.03 mm/年)，而晶粒粗大的Fe-Ga-Al合金的腐蚀速率最高(C R = 0.19 mm/年)。
{"title":"Influence of Various Alloying Element Additions on Microstructure and Magnetic and Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Behavior of Cast Fe–Ga–Z Shape Memory Alloys","authors":"Nader El-Bagoury, Shimaa El-Hadad, Madiha Shoeib","doi":"10.1007/s13632-023-01006-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13632-023-01006-5","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Fe–Ga alloys are attractive materials where high mechanical strength, toughness, ductility, and large low-field magnetostriction combine to give unique properties. Adding alloying elements is an effective method to further enhance these properties. In order to integrate these alloys into the operating environments, e.g., micro-robots and magnetic actuators, the corrosion behavior should be addressed. This work analyzed the microstructure, magnetization, hardness, and corrosion properties of Fe 81 Ga 19− x Z x ( X = 5 at.% of Ni, Mn, or Ti, and 2 at.% Al; separately) alloys. X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope-electron (SEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), Vickers hardness (HV), and a potentiostat were used for characterization. XRD revealed that the prominent peak belongs to the bcc disorder A2 phase and a small peak for the cubic order L1 2 phase. Fe–Ga–Al alloy got the maximum Ms value, while Fe–Ga–Mn alloy gained the lowest one. However, the Mr and Hc properties for Fe–Ga alloy were distinctly improved by adding Al but slightly affected by doping Mn. Addition of Ti achieved the highest hardness, followed by Ni, Mn, and Al. The microstructure of the different alloys significantly influenced their corrosion behavior. Fe–Ga–Mn alloy with the fine globular grain structure showed the lowest corrosion rate (C R = 0.03 mm/year), whereas Fe–Ga–Al alloy with the coarse longitudinal grains exhibited the highest corrosion rate (C R = 0.19 mm/year).","PeriodicalId":18631,"journal":{"name":"Metallography, Microstructure, and Analysis","volume":" 44","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135340670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-07DOI: 10.1007/s13632-023-01019-0
Mukesh Chandra, Sonu Rajak, K. E. K. Vimal, None Tanmay, Vijay Kumar Yadav, None Rakesh
{"title":"Mechanical Properties of Wire Arc Additive Manufactured 5356 Aluminum Alloy Wall Using Robotic-Controlled GMAW","authors":"Mukesh Chandra, Sonu Rajak, K. E. K. Vimal, None Tanmay, Vijay Kumar Yadav, None Rakesh","doi":"10.1007/s13632-023-01019-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13632-023-01019-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18631,"journal":{"name":"Metallography, Microstructure, and Analysis","volume":"276 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135474955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.1007/s13632-023-01017-2
Santhosh Gotagunaki, Vardhaman S. Mudakappanavar, R. Suresh, C. Durga Prasad
{"title":"Studies on the Mechanical Properties and Wear Behavior of an AZ91D Magnesium Metal Matrix Composite Utilizing the Stir Casting Method","authors":"Santhosh Gotagunaki, Vardhaman S. Mudakappanavar, R. Suresh, C. Durga Prasad","doi":"10.1007/s13632-023-01017-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13632-023-01017-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18631,"journal":{"name":"Metallography, Microstructure, and Analysis","volume":"4 2-3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135221161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.1007/s13632-023-01015-4
Ebrahim Tolouie, Roohollah Jamaati
{"title":"Effect of β-Mg17Al12 Phase on Microstructure, Crystallographic Texture, and Mechanical Behavior of Mg-9Al-1Zn Alloy Processed by Asymmetric Cold Rolling","authors":"Ebrahim Tolouie, Roohollah Jamaati","doi":"10.1007/s13632-023-01015-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13632-023-01015-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18631,"journal":{"name":"Metallography, Microstructure, and Analysis","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135808259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-27DOI: 10.1007/s13632-023-01009-2
G. Damodhar Naidu, G. V. S. Nageswara Rao, R. K. Chaube
{"title":"Effect of Long-Term Exposure on Microstructure and Hardness of Aged Haynes 282 Alloy","authors":"G. Damodhar Naidu, G. V. S. Nageswara Rao, R. K. Chaube","doi":"10.1007/s13632-023-01009-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13632-023-01009-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18631,"journal":{"name":"Metallography, Microstructure, and Analysis","volume":"4 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136316994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-26DOI: 10.1007/s13632-023-01012-7
{"title":"Can You Identify the Microstructure?","authors":"","doi":"10.1007/s13632-023-01012-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13632-023-01012-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18631,"journal":{"name":"Metallography, Microstructure, and Analysis","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136376336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-17DOI: 10.1007/s13632-023-01008-3
Wayne Papageorge, Greg Janas, Elvin Beach
{"title":"Development of a Versatile Two-Step Etchant to Reveal Grain Boundaries in Multiple Aluminum Alloys","authors":"Wayne Papageorge, Greg Janas, Elvin Beach","doi":"10.1007/s13632-023-01008-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13632-023-01008-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":18631,"journal":{"name":"Metallography, Microstructure, and Analysis","volume":"918 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135994072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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