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BANJIR BANDANG DI ALASMALANG BANYUWANGI DAN ALTERNATIF PENANGANANNYA (Flash flood at Alasmalang Banyuwangi and alternatives for its completion)
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.20886/jppdas.2019.3.2.127-140
R. Hidayat, Jati Iswardoyo
ABSTRACT Flash floods frequently occur in Indonesia. Flash flood can be caused by natural and human factors. This paper discusses the causes and mitigation of flash flood using a case study in Banyuwangi. On June 22th 2018, flash floods occurred in the residential areas of Garit, Karang Asem, and Bangunrejo Hamlets. Flash floods were triggered by heavy rainfall the day before, which reached 90 mm/day. The three hamlets are located in Alasmalang Village, Singojuruh Subdistrict, Banyuwangi District. The study began with a field survey, analysis of the damage, and the causes of a flash flood, and its alternative treatments. The suspected source of the material was the landslide material, approximately two million cubic meters from the Pendil Mountain. Some of the material were carried away by the river flooding caused flash floods in the three hamlets. The small width of the bridge was not able to be passed by trees and other flash flood material, so water overflowed the roads and houses. Based on the results of the study, it is recommended for disaster mitigation in the form of structural and non-structural actions. Structural measure in the form of bridge elevation and construction of sediment retaining weirs, while non-structural actions are in the form of an early warning system and dissemination of flash flood hazards.
印度尼西亚经常发生山洪暴发。山洪可以由自然和人为因素引起。本文以Banyuwangi为例,探讨了山洪暴发的成因及防治措施。2018年6月22日,Garit、Karang Asem和Bangunrejo村的居民区发生了山洪暴发。前一天的强降雨引发了山洪暴发,降雨量达到90毫米/天。这三个小村庄位于Banyuwangi区Singojuruh街道Alasmalang村。这项研究首先进行了实地调查,分析了造成的破坏、山洪暴发的原因及其替代治疗方法。这些物质的疑似来源是来自Pendil山的滑坡物质,大约有200万立方米。一些材料被河水冲走,造成了三个村庄的山洪暴发。桥的宽度很小,无法通过树木和其他山洪材料,所以水淹没了道路和房屋。根据研究结果,建议以结构和非结构行动的形式减轻灾害。结构性措施以桥梁标高和挡沙堰的建设为形式,非结构性行动以山洪灾害预警系统和传播为形式。
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引用次数: 2
ANALISIS NERACA AIR PERTANIAN DI SUB DAS RAWATAMTU (Analysis of agricultural water balance in Rawatamtu sub-watershed) 拉瓦坦图小流域农业用水平衡分析
Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI: 10.20886/jppdas.2019.3.2.175-194
E. Setiawan, I. Indarto, S. Wahyuningsih
Population growth, urbanization, industrial development, and agricultural activities increase water demand on the watershed. An increase in water demand will propagate the excessive exploitation of surface water and groundwater resources. This will probably influence the water balance of the watershed. Therefore, understanding the water balance is a necessity. Continuous imbalance between water supply and demand will generate many serious environmental problems. A study of agricultural water balance is needed to answer the question whether the available water resources can meet the needs of sufficient water for irrigation. The study was conducted in Rawatamtu sub-watershed which was part of Bedadung Watershed. The Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) model was used to analyze agricultural water balance. The procedure included inventory data, installing WEAP on the system, running the WEAP, and using WEAP for simulating future water balance conditions. The simulation results showed that agricultural water balance for the next 10 years will be more frequently in surplus condition rather than in deficit condition. The water surplus was estimated to occur in the year of 2020, 2021, 2023, 2025, 2027 and 2028. The highest surplus occurred in the year of 2028 which reached 56.59 million m3. Furthermore, the potential water balance deficit was projected to occur in 2019, 2022, 2024 and 2026.
人口增长、城市化、工业发展和农业活动增加了对流域的用水需求。用水需求的增加将加剧地表水和地下水资源的过度开采。这可能会影响流域的水平衡。因此,了解水分平衡是必要的。水的供需持续不平衡将产生许多严重的环境问题。为了回答现有水资源能否满足灌溉用水需求的问题,需要对农业水平衡进行研究。该研究是在拉瓦坦图流域进行的,该流域是贝达东流域的一部分。采用水资源评价与规划(WEAP)模型对农业水资源平衡进行了分析。该过程包括库存数据,在系统上安装WEAP,运行WEAP,并使用WEAP模拟未来的水平衡条件。模拟结果表明,未来10年农业水分平衡将更多地处于盈余状态,而不是亏缺状态。水资源过剩预计发生在2020年、2021年、2023年、2025年、2027年和2028年。盈余最高的年份是2028年,达到5659万立方米。此外,预计2019年、2022年、2024年和2026年将出现潜在的水平衡赤字。
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引用次数: 6
IDENTIFIKASI BAMBU DI SUB DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI KEDOME LOMBOK TIMUR DAN ALTERNATIF MANFAAT UNTUK KONSERVASI SEMPADAN SUNGAI (The identification of bamboo at Kedome Sub Watershed East Lombok and its alternatives conservation for the river buffer zones)
Pub Date : 2018-10-01 DOI: 10.20886/JPPDAS.2018.2.2.111-122
Mega Mentari, T. Mulyaningsih, Evy Aryanti
Most bamboo has a tight sympodial rhizome root system that can be used for conservation of river border. Generally, bamboo in each watershed has a variation, such as in Tiupupus watershed North Lombok District, there were found 4 bamboo genera, 9 species, and 1 variety while in Meniting watershed, West Lombok District, there were found 6 genera of 8 species of bamboo. This study aims to determine species of bamboo and its distribution along buffer zones of the Kedome river in East Lombok District. Sampling method was conducted by exploring the bamboo in the buffer zone as long as 6.000 m, the width of the two paths on both sides of the river was 50 m each. Data were analyzed using description method. The results showed: there were 3 bamboo genera, 5 species and 1 variety e.g. Gigantochloa apus, Gigantochloa atter, Thyrsostachis siamensis, Bambusa maculata, Bambusa vulgaris, and Bambusa vulgaris var. vittata. Species of Gigantochloa atter and Bambusa vulgaris have tight sympodial rhizome roots, rounded and thick canopy. Both types of bamboo are recommended to be used as soil and water conservation plants in the watershed.
大多数竹子具有紧密的合生根茎根系,可用于河缘保护。竹子在各流域普遍存在差异,如龙目岛北部tiupuus流域共发现4属9种1种,而龙目岛西部Meniting流域共发现6属8种竹子。本研究旨在确定竹子的种类及其在东龙目区Kedome河缓冲区的分布。采样方法是在长达6000 m的缓冲区内对竹子进行探测,河流两岸的两条路径各宽50 m。采用描述法对数据进行分析。结果表明:该地区共有竹属3属5种1变种,即竹、竹、竹、竹、竹、竹。大黄豆和竹的根茎紧密,合生,冠层圆而厚。两种竹均可作为流域水土保持植物。
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引用次数: 12
MITIGASI BANJIR STRUKTURAL DAN NON-STRUKTURAL UNTUK DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI RONTU DI KOTA BIMA (Structural and non-structural flood mitigation for Rontu Watershed in Bima City)
Pub Date : 2018-10-01 DOI: 10.20886/jppdas.2018.2.2.137-150
Rizki Kirana Yuniartanti
Flood is one of natural disasters that often occur in Indonesia. This disaster also occurred in Bima City on December 21, 2016, December 23, 2016, and January 2, 2017 with the affected area were Mpunda, Rasanae Timur, Asakota, Rasanae Barat, and Raba districts. The urban areas become the most affected areas, mainly in the residential areas that located more than 50 meters from the flood plains. The variations of flood heights ranged from 1-4 meters. In addition to the hydrometeorological factors, the flood in Bima was caused by several factors, such as: loss of riparian areas function which  turned into settlements nowadays, siltation in the downstream areas, poor management of urban drainage systems, reduced vegetation cover in upstream, and narrowing of river bodies. With the increasing of hydro-meteorological disaster problems and challenges, recommendations of structural and non-structural infrastructure to reduce the risk of flood disaster are needed. Therefore, this research aims to provide recommendations of structural and non-structural as an effort to mitigate flood disaster in Bima City. Analytical methods used in this research were participatory mapping, flood hazards mapping and modeling, and qualitative description. Results showed that the management of Rontu watershed in controlling flood would be effective and efficient by combining the structural and non-structural development. Mapping and modeling the flood-affected areas can become a source in the riparian planning regulation to reduce the risk of flooding .
洪水是印尼经常发生的自然灾害之一。2016年12月21日、2016年12月23日和2017年1月2日,比马市也发生了这场灾难,受灾地区包括Mpunda、Rasanae Timur、Asakota、Rasanae Barat和Raba地区。城市地区成为受灾最严重的地区,主要集中在距离洪泛平原50米以上的居民区。洪水高度的变化范围在1-4米之间。除了水文气象因素外,造成比马洪涝的主要原因还包括:河岸地区功能的丧失、下游地区淤积、城市排水系统管理不善、上游植被覆盖减少、河体变窄等。随着水文气象灾害问题和挑战的增加,需要对结构和非结构基础设施提出建议,以降低洪水灾害的风险。因此,本研究旨在提供结构性和非结构性的建议,以减轻比马市的洪水灾害。本研究采用参与式制图、洪水灾害制图与建模、定性描述等分析方法。结果表明:采用结构性开发与非结构性开发相结合的方法,对润图流域进行防洪管理是有效的、高效的。绘制和模拟受洪水影响的地区可以成为河岸规划法规的一个来源,以减少洪水的风险。
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引用次数: 2
KERENTANAN SOSIAL EKONOMI DAN BIOFISIK DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI SOLO (Socio-economic and biophysical vulnerability of Solo Watershed)
Pub Date : 2018-10-01 DOI: 10.20886/jppdas.2018.2.2.89-110
Nur Ainun Jariyah, I. B. Pramono
Increasing degradation of a watershed ecosystem is a problem that needs to be resolved. Therefore, a study was conducted in order to determine the socio-economic and biophysical vulnerability of Solo watershed in relation to watershed management. This research was conducted in Solo Watershed. The collected data include primary and secondary data. The potential and vulnerability of socio-economic and biophysical were evaluated using the  Formulation of Watershed level Characterization System. The results of the study showed that (1) the socio-economic of the whole Solo watershed classify as moderate category, with the highest vulnerable district was Wonogiri due to high population density and high land vulnerability, (2) land vulnerability for the whole Solo watershed is in the medium category, with the most vulnerable land category was in Madiun and upstream Solo sub-watersheds, (3) the most prominent flood vulnerability was in the downstream of Solo sub-watershed, (4) the typology of watershed management was classified as highly vulnerable because the territorial typology was in the very high vulnerable and the watershed typology was medium vulnerable. By knowing its vulnerability level, the rehabilitation program can be directed to areas with a high level of vulnerability.
流域生态系统日益退化是一个需要解决的问题。因此,为了确定Solo流域在流域管理方面的社会经济和生物物理脆弱性,进行了一项研究。这项研究是在Solo Watershed进行的。收集的数据包括primary数据和secondary数据。利用流域水位表征系统的构建,对流域的社会经济和生物物理潜力和脆弱性进行了评价。研究结果表明:(1)索罗流域整体社会经济脆弱性为中等,人口密度高,土地脆弱性最高的地区为沃诺里;(2)索罗流域整体土地脆弱性为中等,最脆弱的土地类别为马迪翁和索罗流域上游;(3)索罗流域下游洪水脆弱性最突出。(4)区域类型学处于高度脆弱,流域类型学处于中等脆弱,流域管理类型学处于高度脆弱。通过了解其脆弱程度,康复计划可以直接针对脆弱程度高的地区。
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引用次数: 2
PENGARUH PERSENTASE PENUTUPAN HUTAN TERHADAP DEBIT PUNCAK DI SUB DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI HUTAN ALAM KABUPATEN TANAH LAUT (The effect of forest coverage percentage on peak discharge in the natural forest sub watershed, Tanah Laut Regency)
Pub Date : 2018-10-01 DOI: 10.20886/JPPDAS.2018.2.2.123-136
E. Nugrahanto, R. N. Adi, A. Supangat, N. Nugroho
The percentage of forest coverage holds an important role in regulating water in watersheds. This paper studies the influence of forest coverage percentage on peak discharge in sub watersheds with various percentage of natural forest areas. The study took place in Bakar, Tanjung, Iwakan, and Langsat Sub Watersheds, Tanah Laut Regency, South Kalimantan Province in 2017. The percentage of natural forest varied from 9,7 to 98% of the the sub watershed areas. This research was conducted by direct measurement of rainfall and stream water levels that were converted into peak discharge. The p eak discharges between sub watersheds were compared to the rainfall and the percentage of forest. The r esults showed that in general the percentage of natural forest coverage affect the peak discharge. The forest coverage showed a positive response in lowering the peak discharge when the rainfall was below 115 mm/day. Bakar and Tanjung Sub Watersheds that had low percentage of natural forest c overage had higher peak discharge than Langsat and Iwakan Sub Watersheds, which had higher percentage of forest coverage. The relationship between the percentages of natural forest coverage with peak discharge marked by the coefficient of   determination value of 5 3 . 3 %. Since the existence of forest is very important as the hydrological controller, forest conservation efforts and reforestation should be conducted in the upper sub watersheds.
森林覆盖率的百分比在调节流域的水方面起着重要作用。本文研究了不同天然林面积比例的子流域森林覆盖率对洪峰流量的影响。该研究于2017年在南加里曼丹省Tanah Laut Regency的Bakar, Tanjung, Iwakan和Langsat子流域进行。小流域的天然林比例从9.7%到98%不等。这项研究是通过直接测量降雨量和转换为峰值流量的河流水位来进行的。将流域间的峰值流量与降雨量和森林覆盖率进行了比较。结果表明,总体而言,天然林覆盖率对洪峰流量有影响。当降雨量低于115 mm/d时,森林覆盖率对降低峰值流量表现出正响应。天然林覆盖率较低的巴卡尔和丹戎流域峰值流量高于森林覆盖率较高的朗沙特和岩坎流域。以决定系数为5 3表示的天然林盖度百分比与峰值流量的关系。3%。由于森林的存在作为水文控制者是非常重要的,因此应在上游小流域进行森林养护和再造林。
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引用次数: 1
IDENTIFIKASI DAN MITIGASI KERENTANAN KEKERINGAN DAS MOYO (Identification and mitigation of drought vulnerability in Moyo Watershed)
Pub Date : 2018-10-01 DOI: 10.20886/JPPDAS.2018.2.2.173-187
E. Savitri, I. B. Pramono
Drought identification is needed as a baseline for its mitigation. Several drought identification methods are available, but they need to be tested in dry climates. The purpose of this study was to identify dry area and its mitigation in Moyo Watershed, West Nusa Tenggara Province. Paimin and Syarif methods were used in the study. The results showed that the Paimin method produced a uniform vulnerability map, which was "medium vulnerable" for the entire watershed. This is because the applied parameters only have one class for the entire watershed. The Syarif method provides more variable results because the parameters produce several classes of vulnerabilities. However, the later method has a weakness in applying the depth of groundwater.  Moyo watershed only had one class, whereas the depth of the groundwater level varied from 4 to 11 m in the dry season. The two methods produced the same results and there were classified as “medium susceptible” for Moyo watershed. For dry areas, it is necessary to reclassify the drought class of each parameter. By combining the two methods above, it is expected to obtain more accurate results. To get the Water Use Index parameter efficiently, the number of population and water usage should be more efficient. Extentions to the community about the effectively water usage is important. Adaptation to drought can also be done by making reservoirs and setting cropping patterns.
需要确定干旱情况,作为缓解干旱的基线。几种干旱识别方法是可用的,但它们需要在干燥气候下进行测试。本研究的目的是确定西努沙登加拉省莫约流域的干旱地区及其缓解措施。本研究采用Paimin法和Syarif法。结果表明:Paimin方法得到的脆弱性图较为统一,整个流域为“中等脆弱性”;这是因为应用的参数对于整个流域只有一个类。Syarif方法提供了更多可变的结果,因为参数产生了几类漏洞。然而,后一种方法在应用地下水深度方面存在弱点。莫约流域只有一类,旱季地下水位在4 ~ 11 m之间变化。两种方法结果一致,莫约流域为“中敏感”。对于干旱地区,需要对各参数的干旱等级进行重新分类。将上述两种方法结合起来,有望获得更准确的结果。为了有效地得到水利用指数参数,人口数量和水利用应该更有效。向社区推广有效用水是很重要的。还可以通过建造水库和设置种植模式来适应干旱。
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引用次数: 5
期刊
Jurnal Penelitian Pengelolaan Daerah Aliran Sungai
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