New Forests最新文献

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Are the invasive Acacia melanoxylon and Eucalyptus globulus drivers of other species invasion? Testing their allelochemical effects on germination 入侵的黑刺槐和蓝桉是其他物种入侵的驱动因素吗?测定其对发芽的化感作用

3区农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

New Forests

Pub Date : 2023-09-16 DOI: 10.1007/s11056-023-10001-1

Sheila F. Riveiro, Óscar Cruz, Otilia Reyes

Abstract Many invasive alien species (IAS) produce secondary metabolites that affect how other plants function (allelopathic compounds) and can drive other species invasion, as proposed by the invasional meltdown hypothesis. Acacia melanoxylon and Eucalyptus globulus are two of such species. In this study, we analyzed the germination response of seven IAS ( Acacia dealbata , Acacia mearnsii , Acacia melanoxylon , Acacia longifolia , Eucalyptus globulus , Paraserianthes lophantha , Phytolacca americana ) and a native biotest species ( Lactuca sativa ) to the application of two different aqueous extracts at two different concentrations of donor species A. melanoxylon and E. globulus . Extract compounds were identified by UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS. Eucalyptus aqueous extracts significantly reduced germination in three species ( A. dealbata, E. globulus, P. americana ). The germination of all the species tested was reduced with acacia aqueous extracts. Our results support the postulates of the Biochemical Recognition Hypothesis in that seeds gauge establishment potential based on phytochemical release of other plants. Furthermore, A. melanoxylon and E. globulus lowered their own germination, suggesting that these species exhibit intraspecific biochemical recognition. We also found support for the Novel Weapons Hypothesis in the case of L. sativa as a native species. Our research shows that phytochemicals are a component of plant-plant interactions, including the invasion process.

许多外来入侵物种(IAS)产生次生代谢物(化感化合物)，影响其他植物的功能，并可以驱动其他物种的入侵，这是入侵熔毁假说提出的。黑胶刺槐和蓝桉就是其中的两种。在本研究中，我们分析了7种植物(Acacia dealbata, Acacia mearnsii, Acacia melanoxylon, Acacia longfolia, Eucalyptus globulus, Paraserianthes lophantha, Phytolacca americana)和一种本地生物试验物种(lacuca sativa)在两种不同浓度的供体植物a . melanoxylon和E. globulus的两种不同水浸提液的萌发反应。采用UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS对提取物成分进行鉴定。桉树水提液显著降低了三种植物(A. dealbata, E. globulus, P. americana)的萌发率。金合欢水提取物降低了所有被试物种的萌发率。我们的研究结果支持生物化学识别假说的假设，即种子根据其他植物的植物化学释放来衡量建立潜力。此外，黑梭梭和绿梭梭降低了自己的发芽，这表明这些物种表现出种内生化识别。我们还发现了对新武器假说的支持，在L. sativa作为一个本地物种的情况下。我们的研究表明，植物化学物质是植物与植物相互作用的一个组成部分，包括入侵过程。

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引用次数: 0

Combining genetic and environmental data to map and model regions of provenance for silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) in Italy 结合遗传和环境数据绘制意大利银杉(Abies alba Mill.)种源分布图和模型

3区农林科学 Q1 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

New Forests

Pub Date : 2023-09-13 DOI: 10.1007/s11056-023-10000-2

Maurizio Marchi

Abstract Regions of provenance for forest reproductive materials are the basis for wise use of forest resources in a changing climate. In this work a modelling framework is proposed for silver fir ( Abies alba Mill.) in Italy where genetic clusters described by nuclear microsatellites were combined with high-resolution climatic data. When the genetic clusters were too large or had an uncertain ecological niche expression, an additional subregion division-was evaluated according to a climatic assessment. Subsequently each genecological group (Region of Provenance, RoP) was projected in geographic space separately using species distribution modelling (SDM) procedure under current (1991–2020) and a future climate scenario derived from the 6th assessment report for the period 2041–2070. The final division into nine RoPs was able to explain 77.41% of the total climatic variance, a good trade-off between statistical significance and practical usability. The modelling steps then showed a large degree of ecological overlap between RoPs with some of them occurring in similar ecological environments but characterized by a different genetic structure. When projected at the continental scale, the Italian RoPs were found to be suitable for almost all the current European range of silver fir, with potential expansion in Nordic countries in the future, beyond the current distribution range. The study showed that the combination of genetic and ecological data can be a robust way to proceed in areas where a strong genetic differentiation between populations occurs, such as in Italy. New markers such as SNPs can then be used to detect adaptive traits and drive the selection of provenances for common garden experiments in areas where the SDM modelscurrently extrapolate potential sites outside the current natural range.

摘要森林生殖材料的种源区域是在气候变化条件下合理利用森林资源的基础。在这项工作中，提出了意大利银杉(Abies alba Mill.)的建模框架，其中核微卫星描述的遗传集群与高分辨率气候数据相结合。当遗传集群太大或生态位表达不确定时，根据气候评估评估额外的子区域划分。随后，利用物种分布模型(SDM)程序在当前(1991-2020年)和基于第六次评估报告的2041-2070年期间的未来气候情景下分别在地理空间上预测了每个属生态群(种源区，RoP)。最终划分为9个rop能够解释77.41%的总气候方差，在统计显著性和实际可用性之间取得了很好的平衡。然后，建模步骤显示，rop之间存在很大程度的生态重叠，其中一些发生在相似的生态环境中，但具有不同的遗传结构。当在大陆尺度上进行预测时，意大利rop被发现适用于几乎所有当前欧洲范围的银杉，未来在北欧国家有可能扩展，超出当前的分布范围。该研究表明，遗传和生态数据的结合可能是在种群之间存在强烈遗传差异的地区(如意大利)进行研究的有力方法。诸如snp这样的新标记可以用来检测适应性特征，并推动在SDM模型目前推断出当前自然范围之外的潜在地点的地区进行普通花园实验的种源选择。

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引用次数: 0

An integrative analysis of physiological and biochemical changes during pod and seed development in the tree legume Acacia mangium 豆科植物芒果Acacia mangium结荚和种子发育过程中生理生化变化的综合分析