Pub Date : 2023-10-29DOI: 10.1080/00288233.2023.2274409
Arthur Gabriel Teodoro, Lucas Matheus Rodrigues, José Henrique Tertulino Rocha, Alessandro José Marques Santos, Clarice Backes, Luciana Christina Alves Lopes, Adriana Aparecida Ribon, Pedro Rogério Giongo, Patrick Bezerra Fernandes
ABSTRACTThis study aimed to evaluate the effects of spacing and population density of three tree species on the primary yield of an agroforestry system in the Cerrado. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of the State University of Goiás, São Luís de Montes Belos, Brazil. The experiment was designed to assess the effects of tree species, density, and spacing in a factorial scheme of 3 × 2 × 3, totaling 18 treatments with two tree rows each. The tree species assessed were Corymbia citriodora (seedlings), Eucalyptus cloeziana (seedlings), and an Eucalyptus urophylla clone. The trees were planted in single and triple rows (Trees planted in single and triple rows, varying density). In the first year of the experiment, maize (Zea mays) and Crotalaria juncea were sown, maize and Marandu palisadegrass (Uroclhoa brizantha cv. Marandu) in the second year, and a monoculture of Marandu palisadegrass during the third and fourth years. Due to the larger tree-covered area, the arrangement in triple rows reduced maize yield by 36% in the first year, silage yield by 40% in the second year, and pasture yield by approximately 30%. Reducing tree density is crucial to ensure the functionality of the agroforestry system.KEYWORDS: AgricultureCerradoMarandu palisadegrassintegrated systemssustainability Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThis study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Brasil (CAPES) – Finance Code 001. To the Goiás State University Pro Projects fund for the financial support [grant number 029/2016].
{"title":"Effects of tree species and planting density on the total yield of an agroforestry system in the Brazilian Cerrado","authors":"Arthur Gabriel Teodoro, Lucas Matheus Rodrigues, José Henrique Tertulino Rocha, Alessandro José Marques Santos, Clarice Backes, Luciana Christina Alves Lopes, Adriana Aparecida Ribon, Pedro Rogério Giongo, Patrick Bezerra Fernandes","doi":"10.1080/00288233.2023.2274409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00288233.2023.2274409","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThis study aimed to evaluate the effects of spacing and population density of three tree species on the primary yield of an agroforestry system in the Cerrado. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of the State University of Goiás, São Luís de Montes Belos, Brazil. The experiment was designed to assess the effects of tree species, density, and spacing in a factorial scheme of 3 × 2 × 3, totaling 18 treatments with two tree rows each. The tree species assessed were Corymbia citriodora (seedlings), Eucalyptus cloeziana (seedlings), and an Eucalyptus urophylla clone. The trees were planted in single and triple rows (Trees planted in single and triple rows, varying density). In the first year of the experiment, maize (Zea mays) and Crotalaria juncea were sown, maize and Marandu palisadegrass (Uroclhoa brizantha cv. Marandu) in the second year, and a monoculture of Marandu palisadegrass during the third and fourth years. Due to the larger tree-covered area, the arrangement in triple rows reduced maize yield by 36% in the first year, silage yield by 40% in the second year, and pasture yield by approximately 30%. Reducing tree density is crucial to ensure the functionality of the agroforestry system.KEYWORDS: AgricultureCerradoMarandu palisadegrassintegrated systemssustainability Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThis study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Brasil (CAPES) – Finance Code 001. To the Goiás State University Pro Projects fund for the financial support [grant number 029/2016].","PeriodicalId":19287,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136133838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-25DOI: 10.1080/00288233.2023.2274392
Wilma Cristina C. dos S. Sá, Edson M. Santos, Juliana S. de Oliveira, Gherman G. L. de Araújo, Alexandre F. Perazzo, Danillo M. Pereira, Francisco Naysson de S. Santos, Alberto Jefferson da S. Macêdo, Gabriel F. de L. Cruz, Yohana R. Corrêa, Gildenia A. Pereira, José M. Cesar Neto, Joyce P. Alves
ABSTRACTThis study aimed to evaluate the fermentation characteristics, microbial populations, losses, aerobic stability and chemical composition of total mixed ration based on forage cactus and different ratios of Guinea grass at four storage times (7, 15, 60 and 100 days). Five diets were formulated with forage cactus as the main ingredient, with varying Guinea grass inclusion ratios: 0, 10, 20, 25 and 30% on a dry matter basis. The experimental design used was a completely randomised design with a factorial arrangement and three replicates. The silages had pH values of approximately 4.0. Lactic acid bacteria were predominant in all silages, and this predominance increased after 7 days of ensiling in all diets, ranging from 8.0–10.1 log10 cfu g−1 of silage. Silages with 10% and 20% guinea grass showed aerobic deterioration, while the others remained stable throughout the aerobic stability test. Guinea grass in combination with forage cactus can be added in total mixed ration silages up to a level of 30%, without compromising the chemical composition, silage losses or fermentative profile. However, considering aerobic stability, the addition of 10% and 20% guinea grass resulted in greater deterioration after 48 h of exposure to air.KEYWORDS: EnsilingMegathyrsus maximusNopalea cochenilliferafermentation profileorganic acids AcknowledgementsSupport of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel – CAPES and the National Council of Technology and Scientific Development – CNPq.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThis work was supported by National Council of Technology and Scientific Development – CNPq; Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel – CAPES.
{"title":"Qualitative evaluation of total mixed ration silage containing forage cactus and guinea grass as a nutritional alternative for feedlot-finished sheep","authors":"Wilma Cristina C. dos S. Sá, Edson M. Santos, Juliana S. de Oliveira, Gherman G. L. de Araújo, Alexandre F. Perazzo, Danillo M. Pereira, Francisco Naysson de S. Santos, Alberto Jefferson da S. Macêdo, Gabriel F. de L. Cruz, Yohana R. Corrêa, Gildenia A. Pereira, José M. Cesar Neto, Joyce P. Alves","doi":"10.1080/00288233.2023.2274392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00288233.2023.2274392","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThis study aimed to evaluate the fermentation characteristics, microbial populations, losses, aerobic stability and chemical composition of total mixed ration based on forage cactus and different ratios of Guinea grass at four storage times (7, 15, 60 and 100 days). Five diets were formulated with forage cactus as the main ingredient, with varying Guinea grass inclusion ratios: 0, 10, 20, 25 and 30% on a dry matter basis. The experimental design used was a completely randomised design with a factorial arrangement and three replicates. The silages had pH values of approximately 4.0. Lactic acid bacteria were predominant in all silages, and this predominance increased after 7 days of ensiling in all diets, ranging from 8.0–10.1 log10 cfu g−1 of silage. Silages with 10% and 20% guinea grass showed aerobic deterioration, while the others remained stable throughout the aerobic stability test. Guinea grass in combination with forage cactus can be added in total mixed ration silages up to a level of 30%, without compromising the chemical composition, silage losses or fermentative profile. However, considering aerobic stability, the addition of 10% and 20% guinea grass resulted in greater deterioration after 48 h of exposure to air.KEYWORDS: EnsilingMegathyrsus maximusNopalea cochenilliferafermentation profileorganic acids AcknowledgementsSupport of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel – CAPES and the National Council of Technology and Scientific Development – CNPq.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThis work was supported by National Council of Technology and Scientific Development – CNPq; Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel – CAPES.","PeriodicalId":19287,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"38 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134973342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-25DOI: 10.1080/00288233.2023.2269136
Charlotte Robertson, Louis Schipper, Ina Pinxterhuis, John P. Edwards, Graeme Doole, Álvaro Romera
{"title":"New Zealand dairy farm system solutions that balance reductions in nitrogen leaching with profitability – a case study","authors":"Charlotte Robertson, Louis Schipper, Ina Pinxterhuis, John P. Edwards, Graeme Doole, Álvaro Romera","doi":"10.1080/00288233.2023.2269136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00288233.2023.2269136","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19287,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"31 7","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135218230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-18DOI: 10.1080/00288233.2023.2267516
Natasha Jaques, Sally-Anne Turner, Emilie Vallee, Cord Heuer, Laura Deeming, Nicolas Lopez-Villalobos
Clinical lameness has an impact on animal welfare and profitability in different livestock industries. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence and incidence rate of clinical lameness within New Zealand dairy goat farms. Up to 3246 goats on three dairy goat farms were observed 4–5 times over one year. Data on locomotion scores and animal information were collected between June 2019 and June 2020. A 5-point (0–4) locomotion scoring scale was used, where scores 3 and 4 were classified as clinical lameness. The average herd-level prevalence of clinical lameness for farms A, B, and C were 23, 12, and 10%, respectively. The annual incidence rate of clinical lameness for farms A, B, and C were 104, 56, and 55 cases per 100 goat-years, respectively. Lameness appears to be a significant welfare issue, with incidence varying between farms and between goats. Investigating both farm-level and goat-level factors is required to understand the epidemiology of lameness and design evidence-based control and prevention measures. Further investigation should be undertaken to identify variables affecting the goat's odds of becoming clinically lame. This study sets the foundation for future study of lameness in commercial dairy goat farms nationally and internationally.
{"title":"Prevalence and incidence rate of clinical lameness in three New Zealand dairy goat farms","authors":"Natasha Jaques, Sally-Anne Turner, Emilie Vallee, Cord Heuer, Laura Deeming, Nicolas Lopez-Villalobos","doi":"10.1080/00288233.2023.2267516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00288233.2023.2267516","url":null,"abstract":"Clinical lameness has an impact on animal welfare and profitability in different livestock industries. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence and incidence rate of clinical lameness within New Zealand dairy goat farms. Up to 3246 goats on three dairy goat farms were observed 4–5 times over one year. Data on locomotion scores and animal information were collected between June 2019 and June 2020. A 5-point (0–4) locomotion scoring scale was used, where scores 3 and 4 were classified as clinical lameness. The average herd-level prevalence of clinical lameness for farms A, B, and C were 23, 12, and 10%, respectively. The annual incidence rate of clinical lameness for farms A, B, and C were 104, 56, and 55 cases per 100 goat-years, respectively. Lameness appears to be a significant welfare issue, with incidence varying between farms and between goats. Investigating both farm-level and goat-level factors is required to understand the epidemiology of lameness and design evidence-based control and prevention measures. Further investigation should be undertaken to identify variables affecting the goat's odds of becoming clinically lame. This study sets the foundation for future study of lameness in commercial dairy goat farms nationally and internationally.","PeriodicalId":19287,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135824589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-05DOI: 10.1080/00288233.2023.2261875
Setegn Worku Alemu, Rhiannon C. Handcock, Dorian J. Garrick
Live weight (LWT) is an important trait for dairy production systems as it influences both maintenance feed requirements and beef revenue from culled cows and from offspring surplus to replacements. The breeding goal for the New Zealand dairy industry includes LWT. This study estimated genetic parameters for LWT during lactation from some animals in the New Zealand multi-breed dairy cattle population. A total of 31,922 LWT records from 11,222 lactating dairy cattle born from 1988 to 2015 were used for the analysis. Estimation of (co)variance components used Gibbs sampling from pedigree-based models. The posterior mean heritability estimates using scale weights were consistently high across six lactations and ranged from 0.57 to 0.64. There were high genetic correlations between the scale weights measured during different lactations (>0.95). We further estimated the posterior mean heritability for subjective liveweight scores recorded from first lactation using trained inspectors and the estimate was 0.36, lower than those heritability estimates from scaled weight. Further, the genetic correlations between subjective liveweight score and scale weights at various lactations ranged from 0.91-0.92. It is recommended that only scale weights be used for national genetic evaluation.
{"title":"Estimated genetic parameters for mature cow live weights during lactation in a multi-breed dairy cattle population","authors":"Setegn Worku Alemu, Rhiannon C. Handcock, Dorian J. Garrick","doi":"10.1080/00288233.2023.2261875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00288233.2023.2261875","url":null,"abstract":"Live weight (LWT) is an important trait for dairy production systems as it influences both maintenance feed requirements and beef revenue from culled cows and from offspring surplus to replacements. The breeding goal for the New Zealand dairy industry includes LWT. This study estimated genetic parameters for LWT during lactation from some animals in the New Zealand multi-breed dairy cattle population. A total of 31,922 LWT records from 11,222 lactating dairy cattle born from 1988 to 2015 were used for the analysis. Estimation of (co)variance components used Gibbs sampling from pedigree-based models. The posterior mean heritability estimates using scale weights were consistently high across six lactations and ranged from 0.57 to 0.64. There were high genetic correlations between the scale weights measured during different lactations (>0.95). We further estimated the posterior mean heritability for subjective liveweight scores recorded from first lactation using trained inspectors and the estimate was 0.36, lower than those heritability estimates from scaled weight. Further, the genetic correlations between subjective liveweight score and scale weights at various lactations ranged from 0.91-0.92. It is recommended that only scale weights be used for national genetic evaluation.","PeriodicalId":19287,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"301 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135482876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.1080/00288233.2023.2260770
Daniel Bezerra do Nascimento, André Luiz Rodrigues de Magalhães, Ana Lúcia Teodoro, Glayciane Costa Gois, Kelly Cristina dos Santos, Tuany Nathan Epaminondas de Amaral, Cleyton Almeida de Araújo, Priscila Barreto da Silva, Maria Flávia de Souza Severo, Fleming Sena Campos
{"title":"Chemical composition, mineral profile, carbohydrate fractionation, dry matter digestibility and <i>in vitro</i> gas production of <i>Furcraea foetida</i> (L.) Haw at different phenological stages","authors":"Daniel Bezerra do Nascimento, André Luiz Rodrigues de Magalhães, Ana Lúcia Teodoro, Glayciane Costa Gois, Kelly Cristina dos Santos, Tuany Nathan Epaminondas de Amaral, Cleyton Almeida de Araújo, Priscila Barreto da Silva, Maria Flávia de Souza Severo, Fleming Sena Campos","doi":"10.1080/00288233.2023.2260770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00288233.2023.2260770","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19287,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135817752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.1080/00288233.2023.2260774
Nidhi Shrivastav, Kerry C. Harrington, Peter D. Kemp, Hossein Ghanizadeh
Plantain (Plantago lanceolata L.) is becoming widely adopted in New Zealand livestock systems due to its productivity, nutritional values and its role in reducing nitrate leaching from grazed pastures. Although sometimes grown alone, plantain is generally used in mixtures with grass and clover species; however, this makes it more difficult to selectively control weeds within these swards using herbicides. There has been some selection for phenoxy herbicide resistance in a cultivar of plantain, Agritonic, in New Zealand. Its level of resistance to MCPB, MCPA, an MCPB/MCPA mix, 2,4-D and 2,4-DB was compared to that of a more susceptible cultivar, Tonic, in dose-response experiments. The results showed that the resistance ranged between 1.3 and 3.5-fold compared to Tonic, and it was only significant for 2,4-D and MCPB/MCPA mix in the first and second experiments, respectively. Among all the tested herbicides, rates of MCPB and the MCPB/MCPA mix that are currently used in clover-based pastures were less damaging to Agritonic plants than the other herbicides tested. However, variability in resistance of the Agritonic plants resulted in some surviving the recommended rates of MCPA, 2,4-DB and 2,4-D, suggesting there is potential to select for higher levels of resistance to phenoxy herbicides.
{"title":"An assessment of resistance of two plantain ( <i>Plantago lanceolata</i> ) cultivars to phenoxy herbicides","authors":"Nidhi Shrivastav, Kerry C. Harrington, Peter D. Kemp, Hossein Ghanizadeh","doi":"10.1080/00288233.2023.2260774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00288233.2023.2260774","url":null,"abstract":"Plantain (Plantago lanceolata L.) is becoming widely adopted in New Zealand livestock systems due to its productivity, nutritional values and its role in reducing nitrate leaching from grazed pastures. Although sometimes grown alone, plantain is generally used in mixtures with grass and clover species; however, this makes it more difficult to selectively control weeds within these swards using herbicides. There has been some selection for phenoxy herbicide resistance in a cultivar of plantain, Agritonic, in New Zealand. Its level of resistance to MCPB, MCPA, an MCPB/MCPA mix, 2,4-D and 2,4-DB was compared to that of a more susceptible cultivar, Tonic, in dose-response experiments. The results showed that the resistance ranged between 1.3 and 3.5-fold compared to Tonic, and it was only significant for 2,4-D and MCPB/MCPA mix in the first and second experiments, respectively. Among all the tested herbicides, rates of MCPB and the MCPB/MCPA mix that are currently used in clover-based pastures were less damaging to Agritonic plants than the other herbicides tested. However, variability in resistance of the Agritonic plants resulted in some surviving the recommended rates of MCPA, 2,4-DB and 2,4-D, suggesting there is potential to select for higher levels of resistance to phenoxy herbicides.","PeriodicalId":19287,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135770991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-14DOI: 10.1080/00288233.2023.2252771
Adeilson de Melo Silva, Alberício Pereira de Andrade, Glayciane Costa Gois, Pedro Alves Ferreira Filho, Aline Mendes Ribeiro Rufino, Mário Adriano Ávila Queiroz
ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to characterise the edaphic macrofauna in soil cultivated with Cenchrus ciliaris L. under irrigation and fertilised with ruminant manure in a Brazilian semi-arid region. The experimental design was in split plots. The main plot was composed using tanned manure from 3 species of ruminants (goat, cattle and sheep), in addition to the control treatment (without manure). The subplots were composed of 3 production cycles of buffel grass. Collections of edaphic macrofauna were performed every 28 days. A total of 3453 arthropods were collected, distributed in 15 taxonomic groups representing 12 orders, 7 of which belong to the Insecta class; 3 from the Arachnid class; and 2 from the Diplopoda class. Ants (Formicidae) accounted for 86.76% of this abundance and were followed by representatives of the orders Araneae (4.26%), Polydesmida (3.61%) and Scarabaeidae (1.58%). Principal Components 1 and 2 explained 56% of the data variation. Bovine manure attracted a greater abundance of individuals, mainly ants. Goat manure showed the highest abundance (p < 0.0013) of the Scarabaeidae class, while sheep manure showed the highest abundance (p < 0.0110) of the Embioptera. The number of individuals varied between the beginning and end of each cycle.KEYWORDS: Abundanceantssoil macrofaunaexcrementpit-fall trapssustainability AcknowledgementsAndrade AP, Rufino AMR, and Queiroz MAA: conceptualised the study design; Andrade AP, and Queiroz MAA: supervision; Silva AM, and Ferreira Filho PA: collected data, and conducted the experiment; Silva AM: performed data analysis; Gois GC, and Queiroz MAA: wrote the first draft of the paper; Gois GC: reviewed and commented on the first draft. All authors reviewed and approved the final manuscript.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Data availability statementFurther information on the data and methodologies will be made available by the author for correspondence, as requested.
{"title":"Responses of soil arthropods to fertilisation with ruminant manure in irrigated buffel grass production","authors":"Adeilson de Melo Silva, Alberício Pereira de Andrade, Glayciane Costa Gois, Pedro Alves Ferreira Filho, Aline Mendes Ribeiro Rufino, Mário Adriano Ávila Queiroz","doi":"10.1080/00288233.2023.2252771","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00288233.2023.2252771","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to characterise the edaphic macrofauna in soil cultivated with Cenchrus ciliaris L. under irrigation and fertilised with ruminant manure in a Brazilian semi-arid region. The experimental design was in split plots. The main plot was composed using tanned manure from 3 species of ruminants (goat, cattle and sheep), in addition to the control treatment (without manure). The subplots were composed of 3 production cycles of buffel grass. Collections of edaphic macrofauna were performed every 28 days. A total of 3453 arthropods were collected, distributed in 15 taxonomic groups representing 12 orders, 7 of which belong to the Insecta class; 3 from the Arachnid class; and 2 from the Diplopoda class. Ants (Formicidae) accounted for 86.76% of this abundance and were followed by representatives of the orders Araneae (4.26%), Polydesmida (3.61%) and Scarabaeidae (1.58%). Principal Components 1 and 2 explained 56% of the data variation. Bovine manure attracted a greater abundance of individuals, mainly ants. Goat manure showed the highest abundance (p < 0.0013) of the Scarabaeidae class, while sheep manure showed the highest abundance (p < 0.0110) of the Embioptera. The number of individuals varied between the beginning and end of each cycle.KEYWORDS: Abundanceantssoil macrofaunaexcrementpit-fall trapssustainability AcknowledgementsAndrade AP, Rufino AMR, and Queiroz MAA: conceptualised the study design; Andrade AP, and Queiroz MAA: supervision; Silva AM, and Ferreira Filho PA: collected data, and conducted the experiment; Silva AM: performed data analysis; Gois GC, and Queiroz MAA: wrote the first draft of the paper; Gois GC: reviewed and commented on the first draft. All authors reviewed and approved the final manuscript.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Data availability statementFurther information on the data and methodologies will be made available by the author for correspondence, as requested.","PeriodicalId":19287,"journal":{"name":"New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research","volume":"146 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134970555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-13DOI: 10.1080/00288233.2023.2252773
Chris C. Tanner, Mark D. Tomer, Brandon C. Goeller
ABSTRACTInterceptive mitigation options implemented at the edge of agricultural fields and along run-off and drainage flow-paths can complement preventive in-field management actions to reduce diffuse contaminant losses to surface waters. However, it is often unclear to users which interceptive mitigation option is appropriate for their situation, where it should be located, what contaminant reductions and other benefits can be achieved, and what it would cost to implement, maintain, and operate these practices. We outline a framework for selecting and applying eight interceptive diffuse pollution mitigation practices potentially applicable on New Zealand farms: riparian grass filter, planted and multifunction buffers; constructed wetlands; woodchip bioreactors; filamentous algal nutrient scrubbers; sediment traps; and detainment bunds. The framework provides users with a semi-quantitative evaluation of the relative benefits and costs of the best suited mitigations across a range of farmed landscapes. It highlights where each mitigation has its niche in terms of the landscape fit, flow-path(s) intercepted, contaminant(s) targeted, efficacy, associated co-benefits, relative cost, operation and maintenance requirements, longevity, and consenting requirements. Testing and refinement of this framework is encouraged, using data from field-scale implementation, to better quantify efficacy in practice, and inform empirical models and decision making across farm and catchment scales.KEYWORDS: Diffuse pollutionagricultural run-offdecision support toolnature based solutionsriparian buffersconstructed wetlandsdenitrifying bioreactoralgal nutrient scrubber AcknowledgementsWe thank our colleagues, in particular Lucy McKergow, Fleur Matheson, James Sukias, Rupert Craggs, Erina Watene-Rawhiri, and members of our Iwi Advisory Panel, in particular John Te Maru, for useful discussions and contributions to the development of the framework presented here. We are also grateful to the reviewers for constructive comments that have helped us to improve the manuscript. This study was undertaken as part of the Doubling On-farm Diffuse Pollution Mitigation Endeavour Programme (C01X1818) funded by the New Zealand Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThis work was supported by Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment [Grant Number C01X1818].
摘要在农田边缘和沿径流和排水路径实施的拦截缓解方案可以补充田间预防性管理行动，以减少弥漫性污染物向地表水的损失。然而，用户往往不清楚哪种拦截缓解办法适合他们的情况，应该放在哪里，可以实现哪些污染物减排和其他效益，以及实施、维持和操作这些做法需要多少成本。我们概述了一个框架，用于选择和应用可能适用于新西兰农场的八种拦截弥漫性污染缓解做法:河岸草过滤器、种植和多功能缓冲;人工湿地;使用木片生物反应器;丝状藻营养洗涤器;沉积物的陷阱;还有扣留金。该框架为用户提供了对一系列农田景观中最适合的缓解措施的相对效益和成本的半定量评估。它强调了每种缓解措施在景观适宜性、拦截的流动路径、针对的污染物、功效、相关的协同效益、相对成本、运营和维护要求、寿命和同意要求等方面的优势。鼓励使用田间规模实施的数据对该框架进行测试和改进，以便更好地量化实践中的效果，并为农场和流域规模的经验模型和决策提供信息。我们感谢我们的同事，特别是Lucy McKergow, Fleur Matheson, James Sukias, Rupert Craggs, Erina Watene-Rawhiri，以及我们的Iwi顾问小组成员，特别是John Te Maru，他们对本文框架的发展进行了有益的讨论和贡献。我们也感谢审稿人提出的建设性意见，帮助我们改进了稿件。这项研究是作为由新西兰商业、创新和就业部资助的农场扩散污染缓解努力方案(C01X1818)的一部分进行的。披露声明作者未报告潜在的利益冲突。本研究得到了英国商业、创新和就业部的支持[资助号C01X1818]。
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