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Proceedings of the 26th ACM International Systems and Software Product Line Conference - Volume B最新文献

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Acapulco: an extensible tool for identifying optimal and consistent feature model configurations Acapulco:一个可扩展的工具,用于识别最佳和一致的特征模型配置
Jabier Martinez, D. Strüber, J. Horcas, Alexandru Burdusel, S. Zschaler
Configuring feature-oriented variability-rich systems is complex because of the large number of features and, potentially, the lack of visibility of the implications on quality attributes when selecting certain features. We present Acapulco as an alternative to the existing tools for automating the configuration process with a focus on mono- and multi-criteria optimization. The soundness of the tool has been proven in a previous publication comparing it to SATIBEA and MODAGAME. The main advantage was obtained through consistency-preserving configuration operators (CPCOs) that guarantee the validity of the configurations during the IBEA genetic algorithm evolution process. We present a new version of Acapulco built on top of FeatureIDE, extensible through the easy integration of objective functions, providing pre-defined reusable objectives, and being able to handle complex feature model constraints.
配置面向特征的、可变性丰富的系统是复杂的,因为有大量的特征,而且在选择某些特征时,可能缺乏对质量属性含义的可见性。我们将Acapulco作为现有工具的替代方案,用于自动化配置过程,重点是单标准和多标准优化。该工具的可靠性已在先前的出版物中得到证明,将其与SATIBEA和MODAGAME进行比较。在IBEA遗传算法进化过程中,保持一致性的配置算子(CPCOs)保证了配置的有效性。我们提供了一个基于FeatureIDE的新版本的Acapulco,通过目标函数的简单集成进行扩展,提供预定义的可重用目标,并能够处理复杂的功能模型约束。
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引用次数: 2
Challenges of testing self-adaptive systems 测试自适应系统的挑战
Liliana Marie Prikler, F. Wotawa
Self-adaptive systems can change their behavior due to internal or external issues detected during operation. Such systems should be able to change their internal structure or functionality to cope with broken motors or changes in the infrastructure. Assuring that the adaptations taken during operation do not impact the desired behavior or functionality of the system is of uttermost interest. In this paper, we contribute to the corresponding quality assurance challenge. In particular, we focus on a specific class of self-adaptive systems utilizing health states for computing repair actions. We discuss the requirements of testing methodologies for such systems and raise relevant research questions.
自适应系统可以根据在运行过程中检测到的内部或外部问题改变其行为。这样的系统应该能够改变其内部结构或功能,以应对损坏的电机或基础设施的变化。确保在操作期间所采取的调整不会影响系统的预期行为或功能是最重要的。在本文中,我们提出了相应的质量保证挑战。我们特别关注一类利用健康状态计算修复动作的自适应系统。我们讨论了这种系统的测试方法的要求,并提出了相关的研究问题。
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引用次数: 1
Bridging the gap between academia and industry: transforming the universal variability language to pure::variants and back 弥合学术界和工业界之间的差距:将通用变异性语言转换为纯变体,然后再转换回来
Dario Romano, Kevin Feichtinger, Danilo Beuche, U. Ryssel, Rick Rabiser
In the last 30 years, many variability modeling approaches have been developed and new ones are still developed regularly. Most of them are only described in academic papers, only few come with tool support. The sheer plethora of approaches, all differing in terms of scope and expressiveness, makes it difficult to assess their properties, experiment with them and find the right approach for a specific use case. Implementing transformations between variability modeling approaches or importers/exporters for tools can help, but are hard to realize without information loss. In this paper, we describe how we derived and implemented transformations between the academically developed Universal Variability Language and the commercially developed pure::variants tool, with as little information loss as possible. Our approach can also be used to optimize constraints, e.g., reduce their number without an effect on the configuration space, using particular capabilities pure::variants provides. Also, via an existing variability model transformation approach, which uses UVL as a pivot language, we enable the transformation of FeatureIDE feature models, DOPLER decision models, and Orthogonal Variability Models into/from pure::variants and back. With our approach, we work towards bridging the gap between academic and industrial variability modeling tools and enable experiments with the different capabilities these tools provide.
在过去的30年里,许多变率建模方法已经被开发出来,新的方法还在不断地被开发出来。其中大多数只在学术论文中描述,只有少数提供工具支持。方法的数量之多,在范围和表达方式上各不相同,使得很难评估它们的属性,对它们进行实验,并为特定的用例找到正确的方法。在可变性建模方法或工具的导入/导出方法之间实现转换可能会有所帮助,但是在没有信息丢失的情况下很难实现。在本文中,我们描述了如何在学术上开发的通用变异性语言和商业上开发的纯变异性工具之间推导和实现转换,并尽可能减少信息损失。我们的方法还可以用于优化约束,例如,使用pure::变体提供的特殊功能,在不影响配置空间的情况下减少它们的数量。此外,通过现有的可变性模型转换方法(该方法使用UVL作为枢纽语言),我们可以将FeatureIDE特征模型、多普勒决策模型和正交可变性模型转换为纯::变量和纯::变量之间的转换。通过我们的方法,我们致力于弥合学术和工业变异性建模工具之间的差距,并利用这些工具提供的不同功能进行实验。
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引用次数: 3
Test case aggregation for efficient feature model testing 测试用例聚合用于有效的特征模型测试
Viet-Man Le, A. Felfernig, Thi Ngoc Trang Tran
The increasing size and complexity of feature models (FM) requires the provision of efficient testing and debugging techniques. Feature models can be tested, for example, with regard to their conformance with a pre-defined set of analysis operations. In this paper, we show how the number of consistency checks for FM testing can be reduced on the basis of test case aggregation. Using a divide-and-conquer based approach, we show how to transform a feature model test suite into a corresponding aggregated representation where individual test cases can be combined if specific consistency criteria are fulfilled. Performance improvements are also analyzed on the basis of a best- and worst-case runtime analysis.
特征模型(FM)的规模和复杂性不断增加,需要提供有效的测试和调试技术。例如,可以测试特征模型是否符合预定义的一组分析操作。在本文中,我们展示了如何在测试用例聚合的基础上减少FM测试的一致性检查的数量。使用基于分而治之的方法,我们展示了如何将特征模型测试套件转换为相应的聚合表示,如果满足特定的一致性标准,则可以将单个测试用例组合在一起。性能改进也在最佳和最差运行时分析的基础上进行了分析。
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引用次数: 0
A prototype of a crowd-sourcing platform for classification and integration of analysis tools in product line engineering 一个用于产品线工程中分类和集成分析工具的众包平台的原型
M. Soleymani, D. Ferreira, Vasil L. Tenev, Martin Becker
Adopting Product Line Engineering (PLE) approaches in the context of software-intensive systems reduces overall development and maintenance costs, reduces time to market and leads to an overall improvement in product quality. The Software and System Product Line (SPL) community has provided a large number of different analysis approaches and tools, which were developed in different contexts, answer different questions, and can contribute to the fulfillment of different analysis goals. The pursuit of these goals requires holistic approaches, i. e. integrated toolchains and classification of analyses, which are documented as a centralized collection of wisdom. Previously, we proposed a classification system for describing existing analyses. Furthermore, this method supports the search for possible combinations, i. e. toolchains which address the complex industrial needs in the context of adopting PLE approaches. In this paper, we present a prototype of a crowd-sourcing platform to collect and share the required information regarding existing analyses and toolchains. While overviews of PLE-aware analyses exist, we propose an interactive visualisation to identify and document the required input data and resulting information for each analysis method. With this platform, we hope to promote the usage of analysis approaches and encourage collaboration between researchers.
在软件密集型系统的环境中采用产品线工程(PLE)方法可以降低总体开发和维护成本,缩短上市时间,并导致产品质量的全面改进。软件和系统产品线(SPL)社区提供了大量不同的分析方法和工具,它们是在不同的环境中开发的,回答不同的问题,并有助于实现不同的分析目标。对这些目标的追求需要整体的方法,即集成的工具链和分析的分类,它们被记录为一个集中的智慧集合。之前,我们提出了一个描述现有分析的分类系统。此外,该方法支持搜索可能的组合,即在采用PLE方法的背景下解决复杂工业需求的工具链。在本文中,我们提出了一个众包平台的原型,用于收集和共享有关现有分析和工具链的所需信息。虽然存在ple感知分析的概述,但我们提出了一种交互式可视化方法,以识别和记录每种分析方法所需的输入数据和结果信息。通过这个平台,我们希望促进分析方法的使用,并鼓励研究人员之间的合作。
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引用次数: 0
Feature and variability extraction from Agile specifications and their related source code for software product line migration 从敏捷规范及其相关的软件产品线迁移源代码中提取特性和可变性
Thomas Georges
Migrating a set of similar software products into a Software Product Line is a time-consuming and costly process which, ultimately, provides an important gain in time and customization. Conducting this migration within an agile development process is a complex process which requires discipline and adaptation. We think it can be beneficial to drive the migration by leveraging agile software specifications and the source code versioning platform. Currently, we are working on a method, whose design is explained in this paper, which exploits: (1) Epics and User stories to identify features and variability and (2) the source code associated to code merges related to User stories and Epics to locate them. We plan to extract features and variability inside Epics and User stories using Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques. Then we plan to investigate how formal concept analysis (FCA) and relational concept analysis (RCA) can assist feature model synthesis and establish mappings between features and source code. These knowledge discovery methods have been chosen for their ability to highlight and hierarchically organize groups of similar artefacts. FCA only considers artefact description to establish groups of similar artefacts. RCA groups similarly described artefacts that, in addition, share similar relationships to other artefact groups. We also plan to evaluate the method within the context of a company (ITK) with which we collaborate, using its code base and the associated project management artifacts. We also will assess how the method can be generalized to public projects in source code versioning platforms.
将一组类似的软件产品迁移到软件产品线是一个耗时且昂贵的过程,最终,它在时间和定制方面提供了重要的收益。在敏捷开发过程中进行这种迁移是一个复杂的过程,需要纪律和适应。我们认为,通过利用敏捷软件规范和源代码版本控制平台来推动迁移是有益的。目前,我们正在研究一种方法,其设计在本文中进行了解释,该方法利用:(1)史诗和用户故事来识别特征和可变性;(2)与与用户故事和史诗相关的代码合并相关的源代码来定位它们。我们计划使用自然语言处理(NLP)技术提取史诗和用户故事中的特征和可变性。然后,我们计划研究形式概念分析(FCA)和关系概念分析(RCA)如何帮助特征模型合成,并在特征和源代码之间建立映射。选择这些知识发现方法是因为它们能够突出显示并分层地组织类似工件的组。FCA只考虑人工制品描述来建立相似的人工制品组。RCA组类似地描述工件,此外,与其他工件组共享相似的关系。我们还计划在与我们合作的公司(ITK)的上下文中评估方法,使用它的代码库和相关的项目管理工件。我们还将评估如何将该方法推广到源代码版本控制平台中的公共项目。
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引用次数: 0
A generic knowledge model for resource reconfiguration in the context of reconfigurable manufacturing systems 可重构制造系统中资源重构的通用知识模型
Mathis Allibe, Abdourahim Sylla, Gülgün Alpan-Gaujal
In this article, in order to help manufacturers to better manage manufacturing resource reconfiguration in the context of reconfigurable manufacturing systems, we propose a generic knowledge-based model that can support resource reconfiguration decision-making while considering various manufacturing requirements and constraints. The model is based on Constraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP) framework. The two presented scenarios demonstrate that the application of a Knowledge-Based System (KBS) is a great opportunity to improve manufacturing systems' responsiveness.
在可重构制造系统背景下,为了帮助制造商更好地管理制造资源重构,本文提出了一个通用的基于知识的模型,该模型可以在考虑各种制造需求和约束的情况下支持资源重构决策。该模型基于约束满足问题(CSP)框架。所提出的两个场景表明,知识系统(KBS)的应用是提高制造系统响应能力的一个很好的机会。
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引用次数: 2
Product configurators for additively manufactured products: exploring their peculiar characteristics 增材制造产品的产品配置:探索其独特的特性
Robel Negussie Workalemahu, C. Forza, Nikola Suzić
The capability of realizing individually customized products with complex geometries makes additive manufacturing (AM) ever more considered by companies engaged in mass customized manufacturing. In order to be exploited in the market, the AM allowed geometry freedom has to be transferred to the customers for the customer-specific customization. Notably, this is a new request posed to product configurators (PC). So, in this research we ask: How is this request being answered by pioneers who engage in this challenge? Are there other new requests that AM poses to configurators? The present paper aims at answering these exploratory questions by looking at how these issues have been considered in existing literature and by providing some examples. We hope that considerations derived from this investigation will open a discussion on this topic in the product configuration research community with the goal to identify peculiar PC capabilities needed to customize additively manufactured products using PCs.
实现具有复杂几何形状的个性化定制产品的能力使得增材制造(AM)越来越受到从事大规模定制制造的公司的重视。为了在市场上得到利用,增材制造允许的几何自由度必须转移给客户进行客户特定的定制。值得注意的是,这是对产品配置器(PC)提出的新要求。因此,在这项研究中,我们会问:参与这项挑战的先驱者是如何回答这个要求的?还有其他新的请求,AM提出配置器?本文旨在通过观察这些问题在现有文献中是如何被考虑的,并提供一些例子来回答这些探索性问题。我们希望从这项调查中得出的考虑将在产品配置研究社区中开启关于该主题的讨论,目的是确定使用PC定制增材制造产品所需的特殊PC功能。
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引用次数: 0
Variability-aware data migration tool 可变性感知数据迁移工具
David Romero, J. Galindo, J. Horcas, David Benavides
Relational databases are widely present in the development of software applications. A typical implementation can be seen in content management systems found on most websites. However, the migration of database structure and content between different management systems is not trivial, and the manual creation of scripts makes it difficult to reuse them in other scenarios. This paper presents a tool for database migration by modeling what we call a migration product line. This tool allows to obtain different configurations resulting in final products in a semi-automatic way, i.e., products according to software requirements, considering the variability between any two relational databases. To study the feasibility of our proposal, we have implemented a proof of concept that performs the migration between two databases.
关系数据库广泛存在于软件应用程序的开发中。典型的实现可以在大多数网站的内容管理系统中看到。然而,在不同的管理系统之间迁移数据库结构和内容并非易事,手工创建脚本使得在其他场景中难以重用它们。本文通过对我们称之为迁移产品线的东西进行建模,提出了一种数据库迁移工具。该工具允许以半自动的方式获得导致最终产品的不同配置,也就是说,考虑到任意两个关系数据库之间的可变性,根据软件需求获得产品。为了研究我们的建议的可行性,我们实现了一个在两个数据库之间执行迁移的概念验证。
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引用次数: 1
BEEHIVE 蜂巢
Valeria Trombetta
Nowadays, Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) represent one of the main core elements of the Industry 4.0. It is common practice to run simulations on a model of the CPS, by adopting specific tools and approaches. Since the purpose of such models is to represent real systems, it is appropriate to assume that several components may be affected by noises and disturbances (N&D), and that these latter may have a different impact on the system depending on the considered configuration and the simulation scenarios. The analysis of signals belonging to a CPS system permits the understanding of the relationships that discipline the behavior of the whole system in presence of N&D. Depending on the context and the considered scenarios, the simulations in presence of N&D might generate very different numerical results compared to the simulations that do not include them. However, the simulations with additional N&D are non-trivial to be computed and analyzed, especially when the considered CPS have also high variability and configurability. The adopted approach investigates the validation of possible cross-configurations, in order that the solution includes sets of suitable configurations for both the CPS parameters and N&D wrt scenarios.
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引用次数: 4
期刊
Proceedings of the 26th ACM International Systems and Software Product Line Conference - Volume B
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