Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey最新文献

(Abstracted from Reprod Biomed Online 2025;51(2):104697, doi:10.1016/j.rbmo.2024.104697) Receptivity modulators control and facilitate cell differentiation and embryo development as well as inflammatory pathways and suppression of paternal alloantigens. Molecular changes driven by the microenvironment of the endometrium drive endometrial thickening that prepares the uterus for implantation.

(Abstracted from JAMA Health Forum 2025;6(6):e251630) Medicaid covers more than 40% of all births in the United States, but pregnancy-related physical and mental health coverage traditionally ends 60 days postpartum. Recognizing the limitations of this policy, the American Rescue Act of 2021 allowed states to extend coverage to 12 months after delivery-a change now adopted by all states except Arkansas.

(Abstracted from JAMA 2025;333(24):2176-2187) The development of childhood vaccine protocols has led to the elimination of many infectious diseases from the United States, including measles, rubella, diphtheria, and polio, by maintaining herd immunity. In recent years, especially since the COVID-19 pandemic, vaccination rates have declined due to policy changes, misinformation, distrust, and broader societal shifts.

(Abstracted from Urogynecology 2025;31(9):827-845) Studies have shown that antimicrobial treatment for asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) is not beneficial and is associated with more antibiotic resistance, infection, and longer hospital stays. As a result of this evidence, practice guidelines recommend against antibiotic treatment regimens for ASB except when patients are having urologic procedures that break a mucosal or tissue barrier or are pregnant.

(Abstracted from Diabetes Care 2025;48:887-895) After delivery, women who experience hyperglycemia during pregnancy are recommended to undergo a 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) to reclassify their glycemic status and assess type 2 diabetes risk. This test has proven to be an effective predictor, but uptake rates are low at around 50%, likely due to limited availability of new mothers and uncertainty about which provider is responsible for ordering the test.

(Abstracted from JAMA Health Forum 2025;6(6):e251630) Medicaid covers more than 40% of all births in the United States, but pregnancy-related physical and mental health coverage traditionally ends 60 days postpartum. Recognizing the limitations of this policy, the American Rescue Act of 2021 allowed states to extend coverage to 12 months after delivery-a change now adopted by all states except Arkansas.

(Abstracted from Int Urogynecol J 2025;36(7):1373-1382) Studies focused on lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTSs) have been increasing in the last few decades, and these studies have shown a link between a range of LUTSs and the bladder microbiome. Each individual has a unique bladder microbiome, although the general species present are fairly consistent across individuals.

(Abstracted from JAMA 2025;333(21):1925-1928) Restrictive abortion policies in many states may raise ethical and clinical considerations among neonatologists, who feel obligated to attempt life support to infants, regardless of the prognosis. Studies that have evaluated trends in initiating active treatment and the survival rate of infants born between 22 and 25 weeks of gestation are scarce.

(Abstracted from Lancet 2025;405(10497):2302-2312) Sierra Leone has one of the highest maternal mortality rates in the world, with 443 deaths per 100,000 live births in 2020. Adolescent girls between 10 and 19 years old represent up to 40% of maternal deaths.

(Abstracted from JAMA 2025;333(22):2006-2012) The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) has reaffirmed its recommendation for universal screening for syphilis in asymptomatic, pregnant adolescent and adult women early in pregnancy or at the first available opportunity. Through a reaffirmation process that considered whether new evidence warranted a change to its 2018 recommendation, the USPSTF concluded with high certainty that the recommendation has a "substantial net benefit."