Anja Giesemann, Anja Schöner-Heinisch, Friedrich Götz, Doris Steinemann, Anke Lesinski-Schiedat, Athanasia Warnecke, Heinrich Lanfermann, Hans Hartmann, Katja Döring
Purpose: Hamartomas of tuber cinereum present as ectopic tissue in the hypothalamic region. Clinically, the usual hypothalamic hamartomas manifest themself by gelastic seizures and pubertas praecox. We observed an increased coincidence of the presence of X-linked recessive deafness DFNX2 (DFN3) and a hamartoma of the tuber cinereum. Initially five patients presented with hearing loss in childhood, two additional were already adults, not showing any characteristic symptoms for a hamartoma but signs of delayed puberty.
Methods: Seven patients who underwent computed tomography imaging due to a sensorineural hearing loss and had a hamartoma of the tuber cinereum in addition to X-linked deafness DFNX2 (DFN3) were included in a retrospective study. Patients underwent initial neurologic, endocrinologic, and genetic evaluation. Long-term follow-up was performed after 10 to 12 years.
Results: The average age at the initial exam was 12.9 years (range 4-29). All patients genetically proven nonsyndromic, X-linked deafness associated with the POU3F4 gene. Three out of six patients presented signs of delayed puberty. None of all seven showed any evidence of pubertas praecox or gelastic seizures at mean age of 17 years (range 17-29 years) at any time.
Conclusion: Hamartomas of tuber cinereum are often coincident with DFNX2. Clinically, half of the cases are-in contrary to the usual pubertas praecox-associated with growth hormone deficiency and delayed puberty, in the sense of pubertas tarda, when coincident. Clinicians' and radiologists' knowledge and awareness of this rare combination are crucial to identify children early enough for hormone-sensitive treatment.
{"title":"Hamartomas of the Tuber Cinereum Associated with X-Linked Deafness Show Signs of Pubertas Tarda Instead of Pubertas Praecox and No Gelastic Seizures-Long-Term Follow-Up of 12 Years.","authors":"Anja Giesemann, Anja Schöner-Heinisch, Friedrich Götz, Doris Steinemann, Anke Lesinski-Schiedat, Athanasia Warnecke, Heinrich Lanfermann, Hans Hartmann, Katja Döring","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1788730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1788730","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong> Hamartomas of tuber cinereum present as ectopic tissue in the hypothalamic region. Clinically, the usual hypothalamic hamartomas manifest themself by gelastic seizures and pubertas praecox. We observed an increased coincidence of the presence of X-linked recessive deafness DFNX2 (DFN3) and a hamartoma of the tuber cinereum. Initially five patients presented with hearing loss in childhood, two additional were already adults, not showing any characteristic symptoms for a hamartoma but signs of delayed puberty.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong> Seven patients who underwent computed tomography imaging due to a sensorineural hearing loss and had a hamartoma of the tuber cinereum in addition to X-linked deafness DFNX2 (DFN3) were included in a retrospective study. Patients underwent initial neurologic, endocrinologic, and genetic evaluation. Long-term follow-up was performed after 10 to 12 years.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> The average age at the initial exam was 12.9 years (range 4-29). All patients genetically proven nonsyndromic, X-linked deafness associated with the POU3F4 gene. Three out of six patients presented signs of delayed puberty. None of all seven showed any evidence of pubertas praecox or gelastic seizures at mean age of 17 years (range 17-29 years) at any time.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong> Hamartomas of tuber cinereum are often coincident with DFNX2. Clinically, half of the cases are-in contrary to the usual pubertas praecox-associated with growth hormone deficiency and delayed puberty, in the sense of pubertas tarda, when coincident. Clinicians' and radiologists' knowledge and awareness of this rare combination are crucial to identify children early enough for hormone-sensitive treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":19421,"journal":{"name":"Neuropediatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141860483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sandeep Mishra, Saurav Mishra, Sabina Regmi, Varidh Katiyar, Satish Verma, Guru Dutt Satyarthee, Kanwaljeet Garg, Shashwat Mishra, M C Sharma, ManMohan Singh, Shashank Sharad Kale
Background: Supratentorial intraventricular tumors, encompassing lateral and third ventricular tumors, are uncommon intracranial neoplasms, typically slow-growing and benign, manifesting symptoms only upon reaching a substantial size. This study aims to identify optimal surgical approaches, assess the prevalence and characteristics of these tumors, and evaluate postoperative outcomes among pediatric and adult age groups.
Methods: A retrospective comparative study at a tertiary care hospital from January 2014 to June 2020 included 165 patients (68 pediatrics, 97 adults) meeting inclusion criteria for intraventricular tumor management. Data covered demographic factors, clinical history, neurological assessments, neuroimaging, surgical approaches, histopathological diagnoses, immunohistochemical features, adjuvant therapies, follow-up status, postoperative complications, and morbidity/mortality.
Results: Ventricular tumor incidence showed male preponderance in both adults (M:F = 1.2:1) and pediatrics (M:F = 3:1). Lateral ventricles were the most common location. Pediatric cases exhibited more frequent calcifications on computed tomography scans (35.6% vs. 29.5%). Grade II and III tumors were more prevalent in adults within the lateral ventricle (27.1 and 1.9%) compared with pediatrics (6.5 and 8.4%). The third ventricle predominantly featured benign lesions, with pediatric patients experiencing significantly longer hospital stays (16.12 ± 21.94 days vs. 9.58 ± 6.21 days) (p = 0.006). Adults and pediatric patients showed a significant difference in high-grade lateral ventricle tumors (p-value = 0.002*).
Conclusions: Supratentorial ventricular tumors are relatively more prevalent in children than adults, presenting challenges due to size and bleeding risks. Surgical resection is the primary treatment, with a focus on the optimal approach for gross total excision to reduce recurrence risk.
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Supratentorial Intraventricular Tumors in Adults and Pediatrics in a Developing Country: Clinicopathological Features, Surgical Management, and Outcomes.","authors":"Sandeep Mishra, Saurav Mishra, Sabina Regmi, Varidh Katiyar, Satish Verma, Guru Dutt Satyarthee, Kanwaljeet Garg, Shashwat Mishra, M C Sharma, ManMohan Singh, Shashank Sharad Kale","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1788661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1788661","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong> Supratentorial intraventricular tumors, encompassing lateral and third ventricular tumors, are uncommon intracranial neoplasms, typically slow-growing and benign, manifesting symptoms only upon reaching a substantial size. This study aims to identify optimal surgical approaches, assess the prevalence and characteristics of these tumors, and evaluate postoperative outcomes among pediatric and adult age groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong> A retrospective comparative study at a tertiary care hospital from January 2014 to June 2020 included 165 patients (68 pediatrics, 97 adults) meeting inclusion criteria for intraventricular tumor management. Data covered demographic factors, clinical history, neurological assessments, neuroimaging, surgical approaches, histopathological diagnoses, immunohistochemical features, adjuvant therapies, follow-up status, postoperative complications, and morbidity/mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> Ventricular tumor incidence showed male preponderance in both adults (M:F = 1.2:1) and pediatrics (M:F = 3:1). Lateral ventricles were the most common location. Pediatric cases exhibited more frequent calcifications on computed tomography scans (35.6% vs. 29.5%). Grade II and III tumors were more prevalent in adults within the lateral ventricle (27.1 and 1.9%) compared with pediatrics (6.5 and 8.4%). The third ventricle predominantly featured benign lesions, with pediatric patients experiencing significantly longer hospital stays (16.12 ± 21.94 days vs. 9.58 ± 6.21 days) (<i>p</i> = 0.006). Adults and pediatric patients showed a significant difference in high-grade lateral ventricle tumors (<i>p</i>-value = 0.002*).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong> Supratentorial ventricular tumors are relatively more prevalent in children than adults, presenting challenges due to size and bleeding risks. Surgical resection is the primary treatment, with a focus on the optimal approach for gross total excision to reduce recurrence risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":19421,"journal":{"name":"Neuropediatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141792922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
X-linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM) is a rare congenital myopathy that commonly manifests with liver involvement. In most XLMTM cases, disease-causing variants have been identified in the myotubularin gene (MTM1) on chromosome Xq28, which encodes myotubularin protein (MTM1). The impairment of mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) enzyme activity in muscle has been observed in the XLMTM mouse model. Though several reports mentioned possible mechanisms of liver involvement in XLMTM patients and animal models, the precise underlying mechanisms remain unknown, and there is no report focused on mitochondrial functions in hepatocytes in XLMTM. We encountered two patients with XLMTM who had liver involvement. We measured MRC enzyme activities in two muscle biopsy specimens, and one liver specimen from our patients to investigate whether MTM1 variants cause MRC dysfunction and whether mitochondrial disturbance is associated with organ dysfunction. MRC enzyme activities decreased in skeletal muscles but were normal in the liver. In our patients, the impaired MRC enzyme activity found in muscle is consistent with previously reported mechanisms that the loss of MTM1-desmin intermediate filament and MTM1-IMMT (a mitochondrial membrane protein) interaction led to the mitochondrial dysfunction. However, our study showed that liver involvement in XLMTM may not be associated with mitochondrial dysfunction.
{"title":"X-Linked Myotubular Myopathy and Mitochondrial Function in Muscle and Liver Samples.","authors":"Kenji Inoue, Takeo Kato, Eisuke Terasaki, Mariko Ishihara, Tatsuya Fujii, Yuko Aida, Kei Murayama","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1788333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1788333","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>X-linked myotubular myopathy (XLMTM) is a rare congenital myopathy that commonly manifests with liver involvement. In most XLMTM cases, disease-causing variants have been identified in the myotubularin gene (<i>MTM1</i>) on chromosome Xq28, which encodes myotubularin protein (MTM1). The impairment of mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) enzyme activity in muscle has been observed in the XLMTM mouse model. Though several reports mentioned possible mechanisms of liver involvement in XLMTM patients and animal models, the precise underlying mechanisms remain unknown, and there is no report focused on mitochondrial functions in hepatocytes in XLMTM. We encountered two patients with XLMTM who had liver involvement. We measured MRC enzyme activities in two muscle biopsy specimens, and one liver specimen from our patients to investigate whether <i>MTM1</i> variants cause MRC dysfunction and whether mitochondrial disturbance is associated with organ dysfunction. MRC enzyme activities decreased in skeletal muscles but were normal in the liver. In our patients, the impaired MRC enzyme activity found in muscle is consistent with previously reported mechanisms that the loss of MTM1-desmin intermediate filament and MTM1-IMMT (a mitochondrial membrane protein) interaction led to the mitochondrial dysfunction. However, our study showed that liver involvement in XLMTM may not be associated with mitochondrial dysfunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":19421,"journal":{"name":"Neuropediatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141620553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: Chronic tic disorder (CTD) is characterized by the presence of motor and/or phonic tics, and is often accompanied by comorbidities, where obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are the most predominant. The aim of this study was to investigate a correlation between comorbidities and variability of tics in children with CTD.
Method: A cross-sectional study was completed on a clinical cohort recruited from the Danish National Tourette Clinic at Herlev Hospital. The cohort consisted of 167 children who were examined by the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale. Data regarding comorbidity were collected on 152 of these patients by using validated diagnostic instruments, and the patients were divided into four subgroups: CTD-only, CTD + ADHD, CTD + OCD, and CTD + ADHD + OCD.
Results: The comorbidity subgroups had significantly higher severity, impairment, and Total Tic Scores compared to the CTD-only group (p-value ≤ 0.001, 0.001, 0.003, respectively). The assessment of the association between variability of tics and comorbidities showed a significantly higher Simple Phonic Tic Score in the CTD + OCD group compared to the CTD-only group (p-value = 0.003).
Conclusion: This study showed significantly higher Simple Phonic Tic Scores in the CTD + OCD group compared to the CTD-only group, which suggests that awareness of the variability of tics in patients with CTD and comorbidities is important.Total Tic Scores, severity of tics, and impairment were significantly higher in the comorbidity subgroups compared to the CTD-only group, which support findings from previous studies.
{"title":"Correlation of Comorbidities and Variability of Tics in Children with Chronic Tic Disorder.","authors":"Ida Jensen, Nanette Marinette Monique Mol Debes","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1788045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1788045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong> Chronic tic disorder (CTD) is characterized by the presence of motor and/or phonic tics, and is often accompanied by comorbidities, where obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are the most predominant. The aim of this study was to investigate a correlation between comorbidities and variability of tics in children with CTD.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong> A cross-sectional study was completed on a clinical cohort recruited from the Danish National Tourette Clinic at Herlev Hospital. The cohort consisted of 167 children who were examined by the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale. Data regarding comorbidity were collected on 152 of these patients by using validated diagnostic instruments, and the patients were divided into four subgroups: CTD-only, CTD + ADHD, CTD + OCD, and CTD + ADHD + OCD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> The comorbidity subgroups had significantly higher severity, impairment, and Total Tic Scores compared to the CTD-only group (<i>p-</i>value ≤ 0.001, 0.001, 0.003, respectively). The assessment of the association between variability of tics and comorbidities showed a significantly higher Simple Phonic Tic Score in the CTD + OCD group compared to the CTD-only group (<i>p-</i>value = 0.003).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong> This study showed significantly higher Simple Phonic Tic Scores in the CTD + OCD group compared to the CTD-only group, which suggests that awareness of the variability of tics in patients with CTD and comorbidities is important.Total Tic Scores, severity of tics, and impairment were significantly higher in the comorbidity subgroups compared to the CTD-only group, which support findings from previous studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":19421,"journal":{"name":"Neuropediatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141590931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kwangohk Jun, Donghwi Park, Hyoshin Eo, Seongho Woo, Won Mo Koo, Jong Min Kim, Byung Joo Lee, Min Cheol Chang
Objective: This study investigated whether early cognitive assessment in children with developmental delay (DD) predicts cognitive development. We investigated the correlation between cognitive and language development in children with DD, cerebral palsy (CP), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
Methods: Data were collected from children diagnosed with DD who visited the hospital between 2015 and 2023. The assessments included the Korean Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development Second Edition (K-BSID-II) and the Korean Wechsler Preschool Primary Scale of Intelligence Fourth Edition (K-WPPSI-IV). Language development was evaluated using the Sequenced Language Scale for Infants (SELSI) and Preschool Receptive-Expressive Language Scale (PRES). The statistical analysis involved a correlation analysis.
Results: Among 95 children in the study, a significant correlation was discovered between early cognitive assessments (the Mental Developmental Index from the K-BSID-II) and later cognitive development (the Full-Scale Intelligence Quotient from the K-WPPSI-IV) in the DD and CP groups, but not in the ASD group. The DD and CP groups exhibited significant correlations in language development between the SELSI and PRES, whereas the ASD group did not.
Conclusion: Early cognitive assessments can predict later cognitive development in children with DD and CP, but not in those with ASD, according to this study. There was a strong correlation between language and cognitive development in the DD and CP groups, highlighting the importance of early intervention and assessment for these children. Further investigation is necessary to address these limitations and refine demographic data.
{"title":"Association between Cognitive Abilities before the Age of 3 Years and Those at Least 1 Year Later in Children with Developmental Delay.","authors":"Kwangohk Jun, Donghwi Park, Hyoshin Eo, Seongho Woo, Won Mo Koo, Jong Min Kim, Byung Joo Lee, Min Cheol Chang","doi":"10.1055/a-2349-1256","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2349-1256","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong> This study investigated whether early cognitive assessment in children with developmental delay (DD) predicts cognitive development. We investigated the correlation between cognitive and language development in children with DD, cerebral palsy (CP), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong> Data were collected from children diagnosed with DD who visited the hospital between 2015 and 2023. The assessments included the Korean Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development Second Edition (K-BSID-II) and the Korean Wechsler Preschool Primary Scale of Intelligence Fourth Edition (K-WPPSI-IV). Language development was evaluated using the Sequenced Language Scale for Infants (SELSI) and Preschool Receptive-Expressive Language Scale (PRES). The statistical analysis involved a correlation analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong> Among 95 children in the study, a significant correlation was discovered between early cognitive assessments (the Mental Developmental Index from the K-BSID-II) and later cognitive development (the Full-Scale Intelligence Quotient from the K-WPPSI-IV) in the DD and CP groups, but not in the ASD group. The DD and CP groups exhibited significant correlations in language development between the SELSI and PRES, whereas the ASD group did not.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong> Early cognitive assessments can predict later cognitive development in children with DD and CP, but not in those with ASD, according to this study. There was a strong correlation between language and cognitive development in the DD and CP groups, highlighting the importance of early intervention and assessment for these children. Further investigation is necessary to address these limitations and refine demographic data.</p>","PeriodicalId":19421,"journal":{"name":"Neuropediatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141427365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ramandeep Singh, Vikas Lakhanpal, Roshwanth A, Sameer Peer, Arvinder Wander
{"title":"Olivary Hypertrophy Induced Palatal Myoclonus in a Treated Case of Medulloblastoma.","authors":"Ramandeep Singh, Vikas Lakhanpal, Roshwanth A, Sameer Peer, Arvinder Wander","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1787745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0044-1787745","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19421,"journal":{"name":"Neuropediatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141427366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2024-02-20DOI: 10.1055/a-2271-8619
Momen Almomen, Patrick G Burgon
Congenital myopathy type 13 (CMYO13), also known as Native American myopathy, is a rare muscle disease characterized by early-onset hypotonia, muscle weakness, delayed motor milestones, and susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia. The phenotypic spectrum of congenital myopathy type 13 is expanding, with milder forms reported in non-native American patients. The first description of the disease dates to 1987 when Bailey and Bloch described an infant belonging to a Native American tribe with cleft palate, micrognathia, arthrogryposis, and general-anesthesia-induced malignant hyperthermia reaction; the cause of the latter remains poorly defined in this rare disease. The pan-ethnic distribution, as well as its predisposition to malignant hyperthermia, makes the identification of CMYO13 essential to avoid life-threatening, anesthesia-related complications. In this article, we are going to review the clinical phenotype of this disease and the pathophysiology of this rare disease with a focus on two unique features of the disease, namely cleft palate and malignant hyperthermia. We also highlight the importance of recognizing this disease's expanding phenotypic spectrum-including its susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia-and providing appropriate care to affected individuals and families.
{"title":"Why Craniofacial Surgeons/Researchers Need to be Aware of Native American Myopathy?","authors":"Momen Almomen, Patrick G Burgon","doi":"10.1055/a-2271-8619","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2271-8619","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Congenital myopathy type 13 (CMYO13), also known as Native American myopathy, is a rare muscle disease characterized by early-onset hypotonia, muscle weakness, delayed motor milestones, and susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia. The phenotypic spectrum of congenital myopathy type 13 is expanding, with milder forms reported in non-native American patients. The first description of the disease dates to 1987 when Bailey and Bloch described an infant belonging to a Native American tribe with cleft palate, micrognathia, arthrogryposis, and general-anesthesia-induced malignant hyperthermia reaction; the cause of the latter remains poorly defined in this rare disease. The pan-ethnic distribution, as well as its predisposition to malignant hyperthermia, makes the identification of CMYO13 essential to avoid life-threatening, anesthesia-related complications. In this article, we are going to review the clinical phenotype of this disease and the pathophysiology of this rare disease with a focus on two unique features of the disease, namely cleft palate and malignant hyperthermia. We also highlight the importance of recognizing this disease's expanding phenotypic spectrum-including its susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia-and providing appropriate care to affected individuals and families.</p>","PeriodicalId":19421,"journal":{"name":"Neuropediatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139913136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2023-12-06DOI: 10.1055/a-2223-6395
Inês Pais-Cunha, Ana I Almeida, Ana R Curval, Jacinta Fonseca, Cláudia Melo, Mafalda Sampaio, Raquel Sousa
Introduction: Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a rare but potentially fatal disease in pediatric age with an important morbimortality. In adults several factors have been associated with worse outcomes, however there are still few studies in children. This study aims to identify risk factors associated with clinical manifestations and long-term sequelae in pediatric CVT.
Methods: Retrospective analysis of pediatric inpatients admitted to a tertiary-care hospital due to CVT between 2008 and 2020.
Results: Fifty-four children were included, 56% male, median age of 6.5 years (9 months-17.3 years). Permanent risk factors were identified in 13 patients (malignancy, 8; hematologic condition, 5) and transient risk factors in 47, including head and neck infections (57%) and head trauma (15%). Multiple venous sinuses involvement was present in 65% and the deep venous system was affected in four patients. Seventeen percent had intracranial hemorrhage and 9% cerebral infarction. Sixty-four percent of patients with multiple venous sinuses involvement presented with severe clinical manifestations: impaired consciousness, intracranial hypertension, acute symptomatic seizures or focal deficits. Regarding long-term prognosis, six patients had major sequelae: epilepsy (n = 3), sensory motor deficits (n = 2), and cognitive impairment (n = 3). Permanent risk factors were associated with severe clinical manifestations (p = 0.043). Cerebral infarction and intracranial hemorrhage were associated with major sequelae (p = 0.006 and p = 0.03, respectively, adjusted for age and sex).
Conclusion: Permanent risk factors, involvement of multiple venous sinuses, intracranial hemorrhage, and cerebral infarction, were related to worse prognosis. Detection and early management of risk factors may limit CVT extension and reduce its morbimortality.
{"title":"Cerebral Venous Thrombosis in Pediatric Age: Risk Factors and Prognosis.","authors":"Inês Pais-Cunha, Ana I Almeida, Ana R Curval, Jacinta Fonseca, Cláudia Melo, Mafalda Sampaio, Raquel Sousa","doi":"10.1055/a-2223-6395","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-2223-6395","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a rare but potentially fatal disease in pediatric age with an important morbimortality. In adults several factors have been associated with worse outcomes, however there are still few studies in children. This study aims to identify risk factors associated with clinical manifestations and long-term sequelae in pediatric CVT.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective analysis of pediatric inpatients admitted to a tertiary-care hospital due to CVT between 2008 and 2020.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifty-four children were included, 56% male, median age of 6.5 years (9 months-17.3 years). Permanent risk factors were identified in 13 patients (malignancy, 8; hematologic condition, 5) and transient risk factors in 47, including head and neck infections (57%) and head trauma (15%). Multiple venous sinuses involvement was present in 65% and the deep venous system was affected in four patients. Seventeen percent had intracranial hemorrhage and 9% cerebral infarction. Sixty-four percent of patients with multiple venous sinuses involvement presented with severe clinical manifestations: impaired consciousness, intracranial hypertension, acute symptomatic seizures or focal deficits. Regarding long-term prognosis, six patients had major sequelae: epilepsy (<i>n</i> = 3), sensory motor deficits (<i>n</i> = 2), and cognitive impairment (<i>n</i> = 3). Permanent risk factors were associated with severe clinical manifestations (<i>p</i> = 0.043). Cerebral infarction and intracranial hemorrhage were associated with major sequelae (<i>p</i> = 0.006 and <i>p</i> = 0.03, respectively, adjusted for age and sex).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Permanent risk factors, involvement of multiple venous sinuses, intracranial hemorrhage, and cerebral infarction, were related to worse prognosis. Detection and early management of risk factors may limit CVT extension and reduce its morbimortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":19421,"journal":{"name":"Neuropediatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138499030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2022-09-23DOI: 10.1055/a-1949-9310
Xin Gao, Guoyan Xin, Ya Tu, Xiaoping Liang, Huimin Yang, Hong Meng, Yumin Wang
Objective: The aim of the study is to explore the clinical and genetic characteristics of the combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 21 (COXPD21) caused by the TARS2 compound heterozygous pathogenic variants, and to improve clinicians' awareness of the disease.
Methods: The proband was a girl of first birth, with repeated refractory hypokalemia, hearing impairment, developmental delay, intellectual disability, developmental retardation after infection, high limb muscle tension, and increased serum lactate as the clinical phenotype. The clinical performance, diagnosis, treatment process, and gene characteristics of COXPD21 caused by TARS2 of the case were analyzed, reviewed, and compared with the literature from the CNKI, Wanfang Data, and biomedical literature database (PubMed) until November 2021.
Results: The child was diagnosed with COXPD21 after two heterozygous variants in the TARS2 gene were found via whole exome sequencing. One of the variants was c.1679(exon14) A > C (p.Asp560Ala) missense, derived from the mother, and the other was c.1036(exon10)C > T (p.Arg346Cys) missense, derived from the father. The literature was searched and reviewed with the keywords "mitochondrial encephalomyopathy," "TARS2," and "combination oxidative phosphorylation deficiency type 21." A total of four complete domestic and foreign cases were collected from the literature search.
Conclusion: COXPD21 onset by a complex heterozygous variant of TARS2 causes refractory hypokalemia, which is rarely reported in China and abroad.
{"title":"TARS2 Variants Cause Combination Oxidative Phosphorylation Deficiency-21: A Case Report and Literature Review.","authors":"Xin Gao, Guoyan Xin, Ya Tu, Xiaoping Liang, Huimin Yang, Hong Meng, Yumin Wang","doi":"10.1055/a-1949-9310","DOIUrl":"10.1055/a-1949-9310","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of the study is to explore the clinical and genetic characteristics of the combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 21 (COXPD21) caused by the TARS2 compound heterozygous pathogenic variants, and to improve clinicians' awareness of the disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The proband was a girl of first birth, with repeated refractory hypokalemia, hearing impairment, developmental delay, intellectual disability, developmental retardation after infection, high limb muscle tension, and increased serum lactate as the clinical phenotype. The clinical performance, diagnosis, treatment process, and gene characteristics of COXPD21 caused by TARS2 of the case were analyzed, reviewed, and compared with the literature from the CNKI, Wanfang Data, and biomedical literature database (PubMed) until November 2021.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The child was diagnosed with COXPD21 after two heterozygous variants in the TARS2 gene were found via whole exome sequencing. One of the variants was c.1679(exon14) A > C (p.Asp560Ala) missense, derived from the mother, and the other was c.1036(exon10)C > T (p.Arg346Cys) missense, derived from the father. The literature was searched and reviewed with the keywords \"mitochondrial encephalomyopathy,\" \"TARS2,\" and \"combination oxidative phosphorylation deficiency type 21.\" A total of four complete domestic and foreign cases were collected from the literature search.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>COXPD21 onset by a complex heterozygous variant of TARS2 causes refractory hypokalemia, which is rarely reported in China and abroad.</p>","PeriodicalId":19421,"journal":{"name":"Neuropediatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33479872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-01Epub Date: 2024-02-16DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1779619
Momen Almomen, Fawzia Amer, Fatima Alfaraj, Patrick G Burgon, Shahid Bashir, Fouad Alghamdi
Aim: The study aims to review all the genetically confirmed STAC3-related myopathy being followed in a single center in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.
Methodology: A retrospective review of all genetically confirmed STAC3-related myopathy followed in our clinic has been conducted.
Results: 7 patients with STAC3-related myopathy have been found in our cohort, with all the patients presenting with infantile hypotonia, myopathic facies, and muscle weakness in the first year of life. Feeding difficulties and failure to thrive were found in all patients except one who died during the neonatal period. Respiratory muscle involvement was also found in 5 out of 6 formally tested patients while cleft palate was found in 5 patients.
Conclusion: STAC3-related myopathy is a relatively rare, malignant hyperthermia (MH)--causing muscle disease described in specific, highly consanguineous populations. Making the diagnosis in myopathic patients with cleft palate preoperatively can prevent MH-induced, anesthesia-related perioperative complications.
STAC3 相关肌病或美国原住民肌病(NAM)是一种遗传性常染色体隐性肌肉疾病,贝利和布洛赫于 1987 年首次在一名美国原住民身上描述了这种疾病。NAM 的特征是肌张力低下、小颌畸形、肌无力、关节畸形、腭裂、易患恶性高热(MH)和肌病面容。自首次描述 NAM 病症以来,全球已有更多病例被描述,中东地区也报告了三例。本研究介绍了属于三个家庭的七名沙特嗜铬细胞瘤患者。据我们所知,这是在阿拉伯半岛和中东地区报告的最大规模的队列。我们还将强调,在已描述过 NAM 的地区,对患有腭裂的肌病儿童术前考虑这种导致 MH 的疾病非常重要。
{"title":"STAC3-related myopathy: A Report of a Cohort of Seven Saudi Arabian Patients.","authors":"Momen Almomen, Fawzia Amer, Fatima Alfaraj, Patrick G Burgon, Shahid Bashir, Fouad Alghamdi","doi":"10.1055/s-0044-1779619","DOIUrl":"10.1055/s-0044-1779619","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>The study aims to review all the genetically confirmed STAC3-related myopathy being followed in a single center in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A retrospective review of all genetically confirmed STAC3-related myopathy followed in our clinic has been conducted.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>7 patients with STAC3-related myopathy have been found in our cohort, with all the patients presenting with infantile hypotonia, myopathic facies, and muscle weakness in the first year of life. Feeding difficulties and failure to thrive were found in all patients except one who died during the neonatal period. Respiratory muscle involvement was also found in 5 out of 6 formally tested patients while cleft palate was found in 5 patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>STAC3-related myopathy is a relatively rare, malignant hyperthermia (MH)--causing muscle disease described in specific, highly consanguineous populations. Making the diagnosis in myopathic patients with cleft palate preoperatively can prevent MH-induced, anesthesia-related perioperative complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":19421,"journal":{"name":"Neuropediatrics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139747170","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}