Many patients take too many medications, many of which were prescribed long ago, without attempts to decrease or stop them, or exploring benefits versus harm for continuing.
{"title":"VIONE: Medication Optimization Methodology for Planned Cessation of Non-Essential Medications in Veterans Affairs Medical Centers","authors":"Saraswathy Battar","doi":"10.17140/imoj-6-119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/imoj-6-119","url":null,"abstract":"Many patients take too many medications, many of which were prescribed long ago, without attempts to decrease or stop them, or exploring benefits versus harm for continuing.","PeriodicalId":19579,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Internal Medicine","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83077704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rajasekar R, Y. D., R. D., A. B, N. R, Aishwarya V Athani
Aim Spontaneous retroperitoneal haemorrhage (SRH), a potentially fatal complication with an atypical presentation, is caused by anticoagulants. The present body of literature does not offer much guidance for diagnosing and treating these situations. This case report’s major goal is to give a general review of the condition’s clinical presentation and anticoagulant therapy in relation to spontaneous retroperitoneal haemorrhage. Case report In this case report, we have covered an instance of retroperitoneal bleeding brought on by anticoagulants. Due to abdominal pain, a computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen was performed on the patient, who was using an anticoagulant, and it diagnosed a retroperitoneal hematoma. Conclusion Spontaneous retroperitoneal bleeding is an uncommon occurrence. When patients taking anticoagulant medications appear with stomach pain and distension, retroperitoneal haemorrhage should always be considered a possibility. With this presentation, this is one such instance. An early diagnosis will aid in the proper treatment of the patient.
{"title":"A Retroperitoneal Hematoma in an Anticoagulated Patient","authors":"Rajasekar R, Y. D., R. D., A. B, N. R, Aishwarya V Athani","doi":"10.17140/imoj-6-120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/imoj-6-120","url":null,"abstract":"Aim Spontaneous retroperitoneal haemorrhage (SRH), a potentially fatal complication with an atypical presentation, is caused by anticoagulants. The present body of literature does not offer much guidance for diagnosing and treating these situations. This case report’s major goal is to give a general review of the condition’s clinical presentation and anticoagulant therapy in relation to spontaneous retroperitoneal haemorrhage. Case report In this case report, we have covered an instance of retroperitoneal bleeding brought on by anticoagulants. Due to abdominal pain, a computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen was performed on the patient, who was using an anticoagulant, and it diagnosed a retroperitoneal hematoma. Conclusion Spontaneous retroperitoneal bleeding is an uncommon occurrence. When patients taking anticoagulant medications appear with stomach pain and distension, retroperitoneal haemorrhage should always be considered a possibility. With this presentation, this is one such instance. An early diagnosis will aid in the proper treatment of the patient.","PeriodicalId":19579,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Internal Medicine","volume":"106 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88041685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mahashweta Das, Gaurab Bhattacharyya, Rui Gong, Rahul Misra, S. K. Medda, S. Banik, R. Das
{"title":"Determinants of Gestational Diabetes Pedigree Function for Pima Indian Females","authors":"Mahashweta Das, Gaurab Bhattacharyya, Rui Gong, Rahul Misra, S. K. Medda, S. Banik, R. Das","doi":"10.17140/imoj-6-121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/imoj-6-121","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19579,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Internal Medicine","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74298485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
VIONE methodology is an award winning, USA based patient safety project that transformed our national landscape with High Reliability Organization (HRO) concepts. VIONE’s clinical, academic, research, leadership, modern technology tools achieve sustainable reductions and optimization of Potentially Inappropriate Medications (PIM) and adverse outcomes such as hospitalizations, falls, death, clinical waste, etc.
{"title":"VIONE: An Innovative Electronic Health Record Medication Optimization Methodology","authors":"Saraswathy Battar","doi":"10.17140/imoj-6-118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/imoj-6-118","url":null,"abstract":"VIONE methodology is an award winning, USA based patient safety project that transformed our national landscape with High Reliability Organization (HRO) concepts. VIONE’s clinical, academic, research, leadership, modern technology tools achieve sustainable reductions and optimization of Potentially Inappropriate Medications (PIM) and adverse outcomes such as hospitalizations, falls, death, clinical waste, etc.","PeriodicalId":19579,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Internal Medicine","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87082240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diabetes pedigree function (DPF) predicts diabetes risk based on age and family history, regardless of whether the person is diabetic or not.
糖尿病谱系功能(DPF)预测糖尿病的风险基于年龄和家族史，无论该人是否患有糖尿病。
{"title":"Explanatory Factors of Gestational Diabetes Pedigree Function of Pima Indian Heritage Women","authors":"Mahashweta Das, R. Das","doi":"10.17140/imoj-6-e002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/imoj-6-e002","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes pedigree function (DPF) predicts diabetes risk based on age and family history, regardless of whether the person is diabetic or not.","PeriodicalId":19579,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Internal Medicine","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83771741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Juvenile Gangrenous Vasculitis of the Scrotum","authors":"C. Nichols, Fnu Nutan","doi":"10.17140/imoj-5-116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/imoj-5-116","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19579,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Internal Medicine","volume":"93 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91134132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) designated as novel coronavirus is a cause of highly infectious disease referred to as coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). The global pandemic that affected millions of people worldwide has claimed many lives and brought about catastrophe in low-income countries. The high mortality and rapid spread of the infection have brought about an urgent need for a safe and effective vaccine to control the pandemic. In this perspective, it becomes essential to understand the structure, mode of transmission, and virulence of SARS-Cov-2. In this article, an emphasis is made on understanding the infection pathogenesis and the host defense mechanisms against the infection to break the chain of transmission. Furthermore, we have tried to summarize the development and characteristics of different types of COVID-19 vaccines. In addition to this, we have highlighted the challenges of the public health system in the procurement and delivery of the vaccine to the community and especially to the most vulnerable society. It becomes the main priority to find support financially and make the public health system ready to imbibe the importance of vaccination through meticulous strategies so that vaccine reaches out to the community.
{"title":"Coronavirus Disease-2019 Vaccines and the Vaccination Challenges in India: A Review","authors":"I. R. Rangraze, S. Khan, Yakub Sayyad","doi":"10.17140/imoj-5-117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/imoj-5-117","url":null,"abstract":"The severe acute respiratory syndrome corona virus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) designated as novel coronavirus is a cause of highly infectious disease referred to as coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). The global pandemic that affected millions of people worldwide has claimed many lives and brought about catastrophe in low-income countries. The high mortality and rapid spread of the infection have brought about an urgent need for a safe and effective vaccine to control the pandemic. In this perspective, it becomes essential to understand the structure, mode of transmission, and virulence of SARS-Cov-2. In this article, an emphasis is made on understanding the infection pathogenesis and the host defense mechanisms against the infection to break the chain of transmission. Furthermore, we have tried to summarize the development and characteristics of different types of COVID-19 vaccines. In addition to this, we have highlighted the challenges of the public health system in the procurement and delivery of the vaccine to the community and especially to the most vulnerable society. It becomes the main priority to find support financially and make the public health system ready to imbibe the importance of vaccination through meticulous strategies so that vaccine reaches out to the community.","PeriodicalId":19579,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Internal Medicine","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85624198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A 56-year-old lady presented to the hospital with 2-day history of flu like symptoms. These had begun within a few hours after starting Nitrofurantoin for urinary tract infection that was prescribed by her primary care doctor. Blood tests upon admission revealed elevated aminotransferase levels with normal bilirubin levels. The medication was stopped, and other causes of hepatitis were investigated. Nitrofurantoin induced idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury (IDILI) was confirmed by excluding all other causes. Patient’s symptoms and liver enzymes improved the next day and she was discharged. A follow-up on the laboratory's nine-days later revealed liver enzymes almost back to normal.
{"title":"Acute Liver Injury after Three Doses of Nitrofurantoin","authors":"T. Pujar, J. Lee, Siegfried W. Yu","doi":"10.17140/imoj-5-115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/imoj-5-115","url":null,"abstract":"A 56-year-old lady presented to the hospital with 2-day history of flu like symptoms. These had begun within a few hours after starting Nitrofurantoin for urinary tract infection that was prescribed by her primary care doctor. Blood tests upon admission revealed elevated aminotransferase levels with normal bilirubin levels. The medication was stopped, and other causes of hepatitis were investigated. Nitrofurantoin induced idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury (IDILI) was confirmed by excluding all other causes. Patient’s symptoms and liver enzymes improved the next day and she was discharged. A follow-up on the laboratory's nine-days later revealed liver enzymes almost back to normal.","PeriodicalId":19579,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Internal Medicine","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76608807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diabetes mellitus (DM), an epidemic non-communicable disease, is associated with macro- and micro-vascular complications which may result in sudden cardiac death at a young age. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2-I) emerged as a new therapeutic option for managing DM with cardiovascular complications as well as diabetic patients with multiple risk factors. Three drugs in this class significantly reduced cardiovascular mortality and heart failure events, in both type 2 diabetes mellitus and non-diabetic patients with a reduced ejection fraction, to prevent heart failure-related hospitalisation. Evidence of kidney protection was another major advantage provided in more than one study. We reviewed recent SGLT2-I related literature and discuss the benefits beyond the cardiac system.
{"title":"Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors and Cardiovascular Disease: Lessons and the Future","authors":"A. Kinsara, Atif Al Qubbany, Wail Alkashkar","doi":"10.17140/imoj-4-113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/imoj-4-113","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes mellitus (DM), an epidemic non-communicable disease, is associated with macro- and micro-vascular complications which may result in sudden cardiac death at a young age. Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2-I) emerged as a new therapeutic option for managing DM with cardiovascular complications as well as diabetic patients with multiple risk factors. Three drugs in this class significantly reduced cardiovascular mortality and heart failure events, in both type 2 diabetes mellitus and non-diabetic patients with a reduced ejection fraction, to prevent heart failure-related hospitalisation. Evidence of kidney protection was another major advantage provided in more than one study. We reviewed recent SGLT2-I related literature and discuss the benefits beyond the cardiac system.","PeriodicalId":19579,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Internal Medicine","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82888417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Proteinuria is a common incidental finding that physicians face in the inpatient and outpatient setting. Proteinuria may represent a benign pathology in asymptomatic patients, or it can be a sign of significant renal or systemic disease. The latter is usually associated with persistent proteinuria or other clinical findings such as renal failure. This article will focus on the mechanisms, causes and diagnostic approach of proteinuria. Proteinuria is a common incidental finding that physicians face in the inpatient and outpatient setting. Proteinuria may represent a benign pathology in asymptomatic patients, or it can be a sign of significant renal or systemic disease. The latter is usually associated with persistent proteinuria or other clinical findings such as renal failure. This article will focus on the mechanisms, causes and diagnostic approach of proteinuria.
{"title":"Proteinuria: A Guide to Diagnosis and Assessment","authors":"Sasha-Kay D’Aguilar, A. Skandhan","doi":"10.17140/imoj-4-112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17140/imoj-4-112","url":null,"abstract":"Proteinuria is a common incidental finding that physicians face in the inpatient and outpatient setting. Proteinuria may represent a benign pathology in asymptomatic patients, or it can be a sign of significant renal or systemic disease. The latter is usually associated with persistent proteinuria or other clinical findings such as renal failure. This article will focus on the mechanisms, causes and diagnostic approach of proteinuria. Proteinuria is a common incidental finding that physicians face in the inpatient and outpatient setting. Proteinuria may represent a benign pathology in asymptomatic patients, or it can be a sign of significant renal or systemic disease. The latter is usually associated with persistent proteinuria or other clinical findings such as renal failure. This article will focus on the mechanisms, causes and diagnostic approach of proteinuria.","PeriodicalId":19579,"journal":{"name":"Open Journal of Internal Medicine","volume":"102 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91247366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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