In this presentation, we will discuss our continuing efforts on the design, synthesis and characterization of novel platinum and palladium complexes for displays and lighting applications. The photo-physics, electrochemistry, electroluminescent properties and operational stability of these novel metal complexes, including deep blue narrowband emitters and amber emitting phosphorescent molecular aggregates, will be discussed. The rational molecular design enables us to develop cyclometalated metal complexes with both photon-to-photon (in thin film) and electron-to-photon (in device settings) conversion efficiency close to 100% for OLED applications. Our approaches to achieve high efficiency white OLED will be also included.
{"title":"Blue emitting square planar metal complexes for displays and lighting applications","authors":"J. Li","doi":"10.1117/12.2596812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2596812","url":null,"abstract":"In this presentation, we will discuss our continuing efforts on the design, synthesis and characterization of novel platinum and palladium complexes for displays and lighting applications. The photo-physics, electrochemistry, electroluminescent properties and operational stability of these novel metal complexes, including deep blue narrowband emitters and amber emitting phosphorescent molecular aggregates, will be discussed. The rational molecular design enables us to develop cyclometalated metal complexes with both photon-to-photon (in thin film) and electron-to-photon (in device settings) conversion efficiency close to 100% for OLED applications. Our approaches to achieve high efficiency white OLED will be also included.","PeriodicalId":19672,"journal":{"name":"Organic and Hybrid Light Emitting Materials and Devices XXV","volume":"256 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89185169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The vast chemical and processing universe of emerging halide perovskite materials can be overwhelming to traditional research practices. The sheer scale of the design problem and the emergent nature of many phenomena, including highly nonequilibrium thin film processing, complex solution-to-solid phase transformation can be overwhelming for traditional trial-and-error investigations. Solving such a complex problem would benefit from a robot-in-the-loop strategy that can accelerate many of the manual tasks as well as reduce cost and waste generation and support implementation of artificial intelligence. We present the RoboMapper, our recent effort to leverage robotic automation towards accelerating parameter space exploration and establishment of formulation-structure-property relationships with orders of magnitude enhancement in research efficiency. We will demonstrate formulation, printing and characterization of halide perovskites towards the aim of accelerating research workflows.
{"title":"Accelerating hybrid perovskite research through robotic micro-experimentation","authors":"A. Amassian","doi":"10.1117/12.2602797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2602797","url":null,"abstract":"The vast chemical and processing universe of emerging halide perovskite materials can be overwhelming to traditional research practices. The sheer scale of the design problem and the emergent nature of many phenomena, including highly nonequilibrium thin film processing, complex solution-to-solid phase transformation can be overwhelming for traditional trial-and-error investigations. Solving such a complex problem would benefit from a robot-in-the-loop strategy that can accelerate many of the manual tasks as well as reduce cost and waste generation and support implementation of artificial intelligence. We present the RoboMapper, our recent effort to leverage robotic automation towards accelerating parameter space exploration and establishment of formulation-structure-property relationships with orders of magnitude enhancement in research efficiency. We will demonstrate formulation, printing and characterization of halide perovskites towards the aim of accelerating research workflows.","PeriodicalId":19672,"journal":{"name":"Organic and Hybrid Light Emitting Materials and Devices XXV","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75675546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Semiconductor nanocrystal core/shell quantum dots (QDs) have successfully extended their original fundamental research into many practical applications. But core/shell QDs may still not satisfying enough in practical applications because of the existence of photoblinking, multi-exponential PL decay behavior, and Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) between QDs. Herein we report an approach to synthesize a series of alloyed core/shell QDs by a “low-temperature injection and high-temperature growth” precisely controlled method. By probing shell-thickness dependent performance, ZnCdSe-based core/shell QDs not only with nonblinking but also single photoluminescence decay channel and suppressed FRET have been successfully prepared. As emitters, such ZnCdSe- based QLEDs exhibit high external quantum efficiencies, low-efficiency roll-off at high current density, and long operational lifetime.
{"title":"Ideal nanocrystal quantum dots for light-emitting diodes","authors":"Lei Wang, Ruili Wu, Huaibin Shen, L. Li","doi":"10.1117/12.2594049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2594049","url":null,"abstract":"Semiconductor nanocrystal core/shell quantum dots (QDs) have successfully extended their original fundamental research into many practical applications. But core/shell QDs may still not satisfying enough in practical applications because of the existence of photoblinking, multi-exponential PL decay behavior, and Forster resonance energy transfer (FRET) between QDs. Herein we report an approach to synthesize a series of alloyed core/shell QDs by a “low-temperature injection and high-temperature growth” precisely controlled method. By probing shell-thickness dependent performance, ZnCdSe-based core/shell QDs not only with nonblinking but also single photoluminescence decay channel and suppressed FRET have been successfully prepared. As emitters, such ZnCdSe- based QLEDs exhibit high external quantum efficiencies, low-efficiency roll-off at high current density, and long operational lifetime.","PeriodicalId":19672,"journal":{"name":"Organic and Hybrid Light Emitting Materials and Devices XXV","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82371188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chang-Cheng Lee, P. Liao, Yi‐Ting Chen, Sheng‐Wen Wen, Chun-Wei Huang, B. Kwak, R. Visser, Chung‐Chih Wu
{"title":"Improved design of 3D OLED display pixel configuration for higher efficiency","authors":"Chang-Cheng Lee, P. Liao, Yi‐Ting Chen, Sheng‐Wen Wen, Chun-Wei Huang, B. Kwak, R. Visser, Chung‐Chih Wu","doi":"10.1117/12.2594590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2594590","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19672,"journal":{"name":"Organic and Hybrid Light Emitting Materials and Devices XXV","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83675676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This presentation will present our recent studies on spin-orbital coupling (SOC) effects of light-emitting properties in organic and perovskite materials. In general, SOC generates two fundamental outcomes: (i) spin flipping in the absence of orbital momentum and (ii) Rashba effects in the existence of orbital momentum. The former and latter play a critical role in controlling light-emitting properties. In organic materials, this presentation will discuss the new mechanism of forming SOC from amorphous charge-transfer states in the absence of heavy-metal complex structures. Essentially, a charge-transfer state simultaneously possesses internally-interacting electrical dipole and spin dipole, providing the fundamental possibility to generate an electric-magnetic coupling phenomenon functioning as an artificially-formed SOC, towards realizing a thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) in organic molecules. In perovskites, this presentation will discuss the orbit-orbit interaction
{"title":"Spin-orbital coupling effects on light-emitting properties in organic and perovskite materials through orbital and spin polarizations in spontaneous and stimulated emission","authors":"Bin Hu","doi":"10.1117/12.2594785","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2594785","url":null,"abstract":"This presentation will present our recent studies on spin-orbital coupling (SOC) effects of light-emitting properties in organic and perovskite materials. In general, SOC generates two fundamental outcomes: (i) spin flipping in the absence of orbital momentum and (ii) Rashba effects in the existence of orbital momentum. The former and latter play a critical role in controlling light-emitting properties. In organic materials, this presentation will discuss the new mechanism of forming SOC from amorphous charge-transfer states in the absence of heavy-metal complex structures. Essentially, a charge-transfer state simultaneously possesses internally-interacting electrical dipole and spin dipole, providing the fundamental possibility to generate an electric-magnetic coupling phenomenon functioning as an artificially-formed SOC, towards realizing a thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) in organic molecules. In perovskites, this presentation will discuss the orbit-orbit interaction","PeriodicalId":19672,"journal":{"name":"Organic and Hybrid Light Emitting Materials and Devices XXV","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89931636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
William J Pappas, R. Geng, A. Mena, Alex J. Baldacchino, A. Asadpoordarvish, D. McCamey
Spin is a quantum property fundamental to the charge-light conversion process in optoelectronic devices. Organic materials offer unique opportunities to exploit spin due to their long coherence and lifetimes. The hyperfine interaction, which dominates the spin-dependent recombination processes of these materials, can be chemically tuned on a molecular level while retaining the large-scale fabrication techniques of those materials. To date, this property has been treated monolithically, characterized by a single value across a device. We utilize optical microscopy to spatially resolve the magnetoluminescence effect of an OLED and show the intra-device variation of this spin property reaches nearly 30%. We explore how the variation of this property changes with the operating bias to probe the underlying spin physics and show that these molecular-scale interactions are spatially correlated microscopically over the device.
{"title":"Imaging the microscopic variation in spin properties of organic light emitting diodes","authors":"William J Pappas, R. Geng, A. Mena, Alex J. Baldacchino, A. Asadpoordarvish, D. McCamey","doi":"10.1117/12.2603441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2603441","url":null,"abstract":"Spin is a quantum property fundamental to the charge-light conversion process in optoelectronic devices. Organic materials offer unique opportunities to exploit spin due to their long coherence and lifetimes. The hyperfine interaction, which dominates the spin-dependent recombination processes of these materials, can be chemically tuned on a molecular level while retaining the large-scale fabrication techniques of those materials. To date, this property has been treated monolithically, characterized by a single value across a device. We utilize optical microscopy to spatially resolve the magnetoluminescence effect of an OLED and show the intra-device variation of this spin property reaches nearly 30%. We explore how the variation of this property changes with the operating bias to probe the underlying spin physics and show that these molecular-scale interactions are spatially correlated microscopically over the device.","PeriodicalId":19672,"journal":{"name":"Organic and Hybrid Light Emitting Materials and Devices XXV","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91486938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Caroline Murawski, Yali Deng, Andrew Morton, Chang-Dac Keum, S. Pulver, M. Gather
Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) offer unique properties such as large-area emission, compatibility with flexible substrates, tuning of emitted spectrum, and structuring into high-density arrays. This makes OLEDs attractive for biomedical applications like on-chip sensing or wearable health monitoring and, more recently, also to control the activity of neurons through a method called optogenetics. So far, most light sources used in optogenetics provide limited spatial resolution. In this contribution, we present micropatterned OLEDs that are capable of precisely controlling neuronal activity in Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) larvae. The OLEDs provide highly confined light stimuli to individual abdominal segments, which allows precise activation and inhibition of sensory input in larvae. Our work demonstrates the advantages of OLED technology for neuroscience and provides prospects for future integration of OLEDs in implants.
{"title":"Patterned organic LEDs for interfacing neurons","authors":"Caroline Murawski, Yali Deng, Andrew Morton, Chang-Dac Keum, S. Pulver, M. Gather","doi":"10.1117/12.2595125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2595125","url":null,"abstract":"Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) offer unique properties such as large-area emission, compatibility with flexible substrates, tuning of emitted spectrum, and structuring into high-density arrays. This makes OLEDs attractive for biomedical applications like on-chip sensing or wearable health monitoring and, more recently, also to control the activity of neurons through a method called optogenetics. So far, most light sources used in optogenetics provide limited spatial resolution. In this contribution, we present micropatterned OLEDs that are capable of precisely controlling neuronal activity in Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) larvae. The OLEDs provide highly confined light stimuli to individual abdominal segments, which allows precise activation and inhibition of sensory input in larvae. Our work demonstrates the advantages of OLED technology for neuroscience and provides prospects for future integration of OLEDs in implants.","PeriodicalId":19672,"journal":{"name":"Organic and Hybrid Light Emitting Materials and Devices XXV","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86392735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We characterize the magneto photocurrent (MPC) response in polycrystalline tetracene-based diodes and magneto photoluminescence of the tetracene film and attribute the initially decreasing and then increasing MPC responses to the feature of the singlet fission (SF) reaction. The SF reaction in polycrystalline tetracene active layer is more evident when the device was irradiated with the short wavelength of irradiation. This observation indicates a possible route to utilize the excess exciting energy for the generation of extra excited states (triplet) to contribute the higher photocurrent. Additionally, through the measurement of magneto electroluminescence of tetracene-based diodes operated under the forward bias regime, we are able to characterize the reaction of triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA) to harvest the energy from triplet to singlet excitons in part contribute the emission of fluorescence especially in the high current density and low temperature regime.
{"title":"The magnetic filed effect of the singlet fission reaction in polycrystalline tetracene-based diodes","authors":"Tzung‐Fang Guo, Shifeng Lou, Wei-Cheng Liu, Chien-Chih Wu","doi":"10.1117/12.2594167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2594167","url":null,"abstract":"We characterize the magneto photocurrent (MPC) response in polycrystalline tetracene-based diodes and magneto photoluminescence of the tetracene film and attribute the initially decreasing and then increasing MPC responses to the feature of the singlet fission (SF) reaction. The SF reaction in polycrystalline tetracene active layer is more evident when the device was irradiated with the short wavelength of irradiation. This observation indicates a possible route to utilize the excess exciting energy for the generation of extra excited states (triplet) to contribute the higher photocurrent. Additionally, through the measurement of magneto electroluminescence of tetracene-based diodes operated under the forward bias regime, we are able to characterize the reaction of triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA) to harvest the energy from triplet to singlet excitons in part contribute the emission of fluorescence especially in the high current density and low temperature regime.","PeriodicalId":19672,"journal":{"name":"Organic and Hybrid Light Emitting Materials and Devices XXV","volume":"4 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88052907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Young-Hoon Kim, Sungjin Kim, Arvin Kakekhani, A. Rappe, Tae‐Woo Lee
{"title":"Comprehensive defect suppression for highly efficient perovskite light-emitting diodes","authors":"Young-Hoon Kim, Sungjin Kim, Arvin Kakekhani, A. Rappe, Tae‐Woo Lee","doi":"10.1117/12.2593579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2593579","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19672,"journal":{"name":"Organic and Hybrid Light Emitting Materials and Devices XXV","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78437744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. Deferme, R. S. N. Kumar, I. Verboven, M. V. Landeghem, Hilde Pellaers, B. Ruttens, J. D’Haen, K. Vandewal
Lighting today is expected to be light weighted, flexible, highly efficient, non-expensive and fabricated in an environment friendly way. Organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) meet all of these requirements and can be applied using inexpensive and roll-to-roll compatible printing techniques. This work demonstrates the ultrasonic spray coating (USSC) of polyethylenimine (PEI) and polyethylenimine(ethoxylated) (PEIE) as electron injection/transport layer (EIL/ETL) for OLEDs. This high-end printing technique employs ultrasonic atomization to break down a liquid into a spray of homogeneous small (20 µm) droplets. The PEI(E) layer was optimised using USSC and subjected to a complete morphological and electro-optical characterisation. For all manufactured devices current and voltage characteristics and luminous performances were obtained. This study confirms the versatility of USSC and the suitability of PEI(E) as excellent EIL/ETL for OLEDs and paves the way towards fully printed devices.
{"title":"Morphological and electro-optical characterization of an ultrasonic spray coated electron injection and transport layer for organic light emitting diodes","authors":"W. Deferme, R. S. N. Kumar, I. Verboven, M. V. Landeghem, Hilde Pellaers, B. Ruttens, J. D’Haen, K. Vandewal","doi":"10.1117/12.2593913","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2593913","url":null,"abstract":"Lighting today is expected to be light weighted, flexible, highly efficient, non-expensive and fabricated in an environment friendly way. Organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) meet all of these requirements and can be applied using inexpensive and roll-to-roll compatible printing techniques. This work demonstrates the ultrasonic spray coating (USSC) of polyethylenimine (PEI) and polyethylenimine(ethoxylated) (PEIE) as electron injection/transport layer (EIL/ETL) for OLEDs. This high-end printing technique employs ultrasonic atomization to break down a liquid into a spray of homogeneous small (20 µm) droplets. The PEI(E) layer was optimised using USSC and subjected to a complete morphological and electro-optical characterisation. For all manufactured devices current and voltage characteristics and luminous performances were obtained. This study confirms the versatility of USSC and the suitability of PEI(E) as excellent EIL/ETL for OLEDs and paves the way towards fully printed devices.","PeriodicalId":19672,"journal":{"name":"Organic and Hybrid Light Emitting Materials and Devices XXV","volume":"255 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81002955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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