Pub Date : 2023-08-17DOI: 10.53555/nnfaes.v9i8.1811
Syed Mosyab Mehdi Shah, Summar Abbas Naqvi, Muhammad Jafar Jaskani, Irtaza Mehdi Shah
Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is widely cultivated fruit tree having thousands of years of usage as food and medicinal plant. Its fruits, trunk and leaves contain a diverse array of phytochemicals with potential pharmacological activities. In recent years, the application of phytochemicals and biological active compounds, present in date palm, is getting attention of scientist to explore their role in the betterment of humans under malnutrition circumstances. The present review summarizes the current state of information on the phytochemicals and pharmacological activities of date palm tree. Phytochemicals found in date palm include polyphenols, flavonoids, carotenoids, tocopherols and triterpenoids. These compounds have been revealed with a wide range of anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, including biological activities and anti-tumor activities. Additionally, date palm has been found to have antidiabetic, hypolipidemic, and neuroprotective effects. These chemicals are also found affective against various diseases including cancer, cardiovascular issues and diabetes. These compounds have also been exposed to have cholesterol lowering anti-tumor effect and anti-inflammatory. In addition, the leaves of the date palm contain tannins, which have been found to have antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. The date palm’s fruit contains various bioactive compounds, including dietary fiber, vitamins, phenolic and minerals compounds. These compounds have been shown to have a range of health benefits, including improving gut health, reducing the stress of oxidative, and reducing the cardiovascular disease risk. Additionally, the fruit of the date palm has been found to have prebiotic effects, promoting the growth of beneficial gut bacteria.
{"title":"A REVIEW ON PHYTOCHEMICALS AND PHARMACOLOGICAL CHEMICALS OF DATE PALM (PHOENIX DACTYLIFERA)","authors":"Syed Mosyab Mehdi Shah, Summar Abbas Naqvi, Muhammad Jafar Jaskani, Irtaza Mehdi Shah","doi":"10.53555/nnfaes.v9i8.1811","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/nnfaes.v9i8.1811","url":null,"abstract":"Date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) is widely cultivated fruit tree having thousands of years of usage as food and medicinal plant. Its fruits, trunk and leaves contain a diverse array of phytochemicals with potential pharmacological activities. In recent years, the application of phytochemicals and biological active compounds, present in date palm, is getting attention of scientist to explore their role in the betterment of humans under malnutrition circumstances. The present review summarizes the current state of information on the phytochemicals and pharmacological activities of date palm tree. Phytochemicals found in date palm include polyphenols, flavonoids, carotenoids, tocopherols and triterpenoids. These compounds have been revealed with a wide range of anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, including biological activities and anti-tumor activities. Additionally, date palm has been found to have antidiabetic, hypolipidemic, and neuroprotective effects. These chemicals are also found affective against various diseases including cancer, cardiovascular issues and diabetes. These compounds have also been exposed to have cholesterol lowering anti-tumor effect and anti-inflammatory. In addition, the leaves of the date palm contain tannins, which have been found to have antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. The date palm’s fruit contains various bioactive compounds, including dietary fiber, vitamins, phenolic and minerals compounds. These compounds have been shown to have a range of health benefits, including improving gut health, reducing the stress of oxidative, and reducing the cardiovascular disease risk. Additionally, the fruit of the date palm has been found to have prebiotic effects, promoting the growth of beneficial gut bacteria.","PeriodicalId":196789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advance Research in Food, Agriculture and Environmental Science (ISSN: 2208-2417)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122902021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-12DOI: 10.53555/nnfaes.v9i8.1766
S. Alam, Md. Muaz Hussain, Aminul Islam Himel, Md. Erfanul Hoque, M. Hossain
Textile industry is a well-established industrial sector in Bangladesh and ranked top in terms of export earnings. Because of its high value addition and huge growth and employment opportunities, textiles a thrust sector of the country. Textile industry of Bangladesh includes yarn and fabric manufacturing, dyeing and printing, making ready-made garment products and exporting them. A huge quantity of solid and liquid wastes is dumped out of the textile industries in Bank Town and Baraigram Area. The toxic effluents and solid waste of the textile industries contaminate soil, air and the water of the adjacent Karnatali river and leads to severe ailments such as eye diseases, skin irritations, kidney failure and gastrointestinal problems. Besides the ETP of these industries are not used properly. The industries in this area are adjacent to the locality. So, the government needs to be conscious about the externalities of the project. Because these unplanned industries could cause severe damages to agricultural land and species of Karnatali River. Not only the adverse environmental impact but also the socio-economic issues such as availability of inputs, skilled workers and markets, provision of adequate accommodation for the workers and standard of living condition. To make it fruitful, environment friendly, long according the detailed feasibility and EIA study of the project. There also needs address the probable risks of the project on the surrounding agricultural lands, river human health, surrounding environment and socio-economic condition of the people After addressing those problems necessary and fruitful initiatives the planning perspectives should have to be taken to make this contemporary policy fruitful for the environment, surrounding areas, people and finally for the economic structure of the country.
{"title":"ADDRESSING THE IMPACTS OF TEXTILE INDUSTRIES ON ENVIRONMENT AND SOCIO- ECONOMIC CONDITION OF BANK TOWN AND BARAIGRAM AREA: A MANAGEMENT PERSPECTIVE","authors":"S. Alam, Md. Muaz Hussain, Aminul Islam Himel, Md. Erfanul Hoque, M. Hossain","doi":"10.53555/nnfaes.v9i8.1766","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/nnfaes.v9i8.1766","url":null,"abstract":"Textile industry is a well-established industrial sector in Bangladesh and ranked top in terms of export earnings. Because of its high value addition and huge growth and employment opportunities, textiles a thrust sector of the country. Textile industry of Bangladesh includes yarn and fabric manufacturing, dyeing and printing, making ready-made garment products and exporting them. A huge quantity of solid and liquid wastes is dumped out of the textile industries in Bank Town and Baraigram Area. The toxic effluents and solid waste of the textile industries contaminate soil, air and the water of the adjacent Karnatali river and leads to severe ailments such as eye diseases, skin irritations, kidney failure and gastrointestinal problems. Besides the ETP of these industries are not used properly. The industries in this area are adjacent to the locality. So, the government needs to be conscious about the externalities of the project. Because these unplanned industries could cause severe damages to agricultural land and species of Karnatali River. Not only the adverse environmental impact but also the socio-economic issues such as availability of inputs, skilled workers and markets, provision of adequate accommodation for the workers and standard of living condition. To make it fruitful, environment friendly, long according the detailed feasibility and EIA study of the project. There also needs address the probable risks of the project on the surrounding agricultural lands, river human health, surrounding environment and socio-economic condition of the people After addressing those problems necessary and fruitful initiatives the planning perspectives should have to be taken to make this contemporary policy fruitful for the environment, surrounding areas, people and finally for the economic structure of the country.","PeriodicalId":196789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advance Research in Food, Agriculture and Environmental Science (ISSN: 2208-2417)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132484525","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-12DOI: 10.53555/nnfaes.v9i7.1758
Chiekezie, Johnson Chimaobi, Chiekezie, Njideka Rita, Nwankwo, Eucharia C, Ozor, Maurice U.
Addressing food security challenges is vital to the future of Africans and Nigerians. Despite the economic importance of cassava to the teaming populace in Nigeria, it is not devoid of post-harvest losses. This study explored the extent of post-harvest losses along the cassava value chain in Anambra State. The study adopted a descriptive survey design and was conducted in Anambra State in the South-Eastern part of Nigeria. The study population comprises all cassava farmers in the state's four Agricultural Zones (AZs): Onitsha, Aguata, Awka, and Anambra. Multistage, purposive, and random sampling techniques will be used to select the respondents for the study. Primary data was used for the study and collected using a well-structured questionnaire. Data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistics, Shannon's diversity index, and the Tobit regression model based on the study's objectives. The study revealed that the size of cassava postharvest loss is 266,116 kg. The chain of highest loss is at harvesting, which accounts for about 55 % of the total loss, followed by the loss at processing, 33 %, and then a loss at distribution, 12 %. The Tobit regression result of the factors responsible for cassava post-harvest loss shows that poor processing skills, farmers' well-being, poor planning, and pest and disease attacks are the significant factors determining cassava post-harvest loss in the study area. The study, therefore, recommends that policies be implemented to help the farmers reduce the losses, especially by enforcing adequate training of local farmers in cassava processing.
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF THE EXTENT OF POST-HARVEST LOSSES ALONG THE CASSAVA VALUE CHAIN IN ANAMBRA STATE","authors":"Chiekezie, Johnson Chimaobi, Chiekezie, Njideka Rita, Nwankwo, Eucharia C, Ozor, Maurice U.","doi":"10.53555/nnfaes.v9i7.1758","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/nnfaes.v9i7.1758","url":null,"abstract":"Addressing food security challenges is vital to the future of Africans and Nigerians. Despite the economic importance of cassava to the teaming populace in Nigeria, it is not devoid of post-harvest losses. This study explored the extent of post-harvest losses along the cassava value chain in Anambra State. The study adopted a descriptive survey design and was conducted in Anambra State in the South-Eastern part of Nigeria. The study population comprises all cassava farmers in the state's four Agricultural Zones (AZs): Onitsha, Aguata, Awka, and Anambra. Multistage, purposive, and random sampling techniques will be used to select the respondents for the study. Primary data was used for the study and collected using a well-structured questionnaire. Data collected was analyzed using descriptive statistics, Shannon's diversity index, and the Tobit regression model based on the study's objectives. The study revealed that the size of cassava postharvest loss is 266,116 kg. The chain of highest loss is at harvesting, which accounts for about 55 % of the total loss, followed by the loss at processing, 33 %, and then a loss at distribution, 12 %. The Tobit regression result of the factors responsible for cassava post-harvest loss shows that poor processing skills, farmers' well-being, poor planning, and pest and disease attacks are the significant factors determining cassava post-harvest loss in the study area. The study, therefore, recommends that policies be implemented to help the farmers reduce the losses, especially by enforcing adequate training of local farmers in cassava processing.","PeriodicalId":196789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advance Research in Food, Agriculture and Environmental Science (ISSN: 2208-2417)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122220247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-23DOI: 10.53555/nnfaes.v9i6.1718
Chiekezie, Njideka Rita, Nwankwo Eucharia Chijindu, Ozor, Maurice Uche
The study analyzed factors influencing the potency of catfish farming determined the cost and returns of catfish farming, estimated the poverty status among catfish farmers and ascertained the contribution of catfish farming to household poverty alleviation in the study area. Primary data used for the study was collected using well-structured questionnaire which was administered to sampled Catfish farmers in the study area. In analyzing the data, descriptive statistical tools (frequency counts, means and percentages), enterprise budgeting techniques, Tobit regression model, expenditure approach of determining poverty line, Foster, Greer and Thorbecke technique and z-test were used. The results indicated that factors such as pond size (0.0004), feed (0.6411), labour (-0.0003), and farming experience (0.0105) had influence on potency of catfish farming . Net returns analysis result reveals a return on investment of ?1.51 and it implies that the catfish production enterprise generated 1.51 times more income than expenses incurred for the production, a gross ratio of 66% and a Profitability Index (PI) of 0.34 which means that for every naira earned as revenue, 0.34kobo was returned to the farmer as net income. This result surely indicates that cat fish production is highly lucrative in the study area. At 0.05 probability level, the calculated z value was statistically significant and thereby ascertained the positive contribution of catfish farming to household poverty alleviation. Based on this study, the following recommendations are made: Since catfish production are profitable, government need to devote more resources to the catfish farmers to ensure that the best practices are adopted for further sustainability of the agribusiness, farmers should be trained on how to compound different types of fish feed to enable them reduce cost of feed. In addition Government should ensure increased credit facilities by the financial institutions to enable the farmers spread out their scale of operation
{"title":"ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF CATFISH FARMING AND ITS CONTRIBUTIONS TO HOUSEHOLD POVERTY ALLEVIATION IN ANAMBRA STATE, SOUTH EAST NIGERIA","authors":"Chiekezie, Njideka Rita, Nwankwo Eucharia Chijindu, Ozor, Maurice Uche","doi":"10.53555/nnfaes.v9i6.1718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/nnfaes.v9i6.1718","url":null,"abstract":"The study analyzed factors influencing the potency of catfish farming determined the cost and returns of catfish farming, estimated the poverty status among catfish farmers and ascertained the contribution of catfish farming to household poverty alleviation in the study area. Primary data used for the study was collected using well-structured questionnaire which was administered to sampled Catfish farmers in the study area. In analyzing the data, descriptive statistical tools (frequency counts, means and percentages), enterprise budgeting techniques, Tobit regression model, expenditure approach of determining poverty line, Foster, Greer and Thorbecke technique and z-test were used. The results indicated that factors such as pond size (0.0004), feed (0.6411), labour (-0.0003), and farming experience (0.0105) had influence on potency of catfish farming . Net returns analysis result reveals a return on investment of ?1.51 and it implies that the catfish production enterprise generated 1.51 times more income than expenses incurred for the production, a gross ratio of 66% and a Profitability Index (PI) of 0.34 which means that for every naira earned as revenue, 0.34kobo was returned to the farmer as net income. This result surely indicates that cat fish production is highly lucrative in the study area. At 0.05 probability level, the calculated z value was statistically significant and thereby ascertained the positive contribution of catfish farming to household poverty alleviation. Based on this study, the following recommendations are made: Since catfish production are profitable, government need to devote more resources to the catfish farmers to ensure that the best practices are adopted for further sustainability of the agribusiness, farmers should be trained on how to compound different types of fish feed to enable them reduce cost of feed. In addition Government should ensure increased credit facilities by the financial institutions to enable the farmers spread out their scale of operation","PeriodicalId":196789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advance Research in Food, Agriculture and Environmental Science (ISSN: 2208-2417)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131337559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-14DOI: 10.53555/nnfaes.v9i6.1717
Ezebo, R.O., Ifeanyi, C.F., Obieze, O.U.
Fruits and vegetables are of plant source and are consumed a lot by human and animals. Fruits and vegetables could be contaminated with heavy or toxic metals through contaminated soil and water with these heavy metals. Contaminated fruits and vegetables consumed by man and animals will gradually build up of this toxins and if not detoxified faster in the body will build up to a concentration higher than the permissible level (Zurbrugg et al., 2003). Human activities such as industrial production, mining, agriculture and transportation release a high amount of heavy metals to the biosphere. The primary sources of metal pollution are the burning of fossil fuels, smelting of metal like ores, municipal wastes, fertilizers, pesticides and sewage (Xiaoli, 2007; Radwan and Salama, 2006; Wilson and Pyatt, 2007). The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine the level of heavy metal load of fruits and vegetables consumed in and around Anambra State Polytechnic, Mgbakwu, Southeast Nigeria. Local officials may utilize this study's results to develop a standard that can improve the quality of commercially sold fruits and vegetables in and around the locality.
水果和蔬菜是植物来源的，是人类和动物大量消耗的食物。水果和蔬菜可能通过被这些重金属污染的土壤和水而被重金属或有毒金属污染。人类和动物食用的受污染的水果和蔬菜将逐渐积累这种毒素，如果不更快地在体内排毒，将积累到高于允许水平的浓度(Zurbrugg等人，2003年)。工业生产、采矿、农业和交通运输等人类活动向生物圈释放了大量重金属。金属污染的主要来源是燃烧化石燃料，冶炼金属如矿石，城市垃圾，化肥，农药和污水(Xiaoli, 2007;Radwan and Salama, 2006;Wilson and Pyatt, 2007)。本定量研究的目的是检查尼日利亚东南部Mgbakwu阿南布拉州立理工学院及其周边地区消费的水果和蔬菜的重金属负荷水平。当地官员可以利用这项研究的结果来制定一项标准，以提高当地及周边地区商业销售的水果和蔬菜的质量。
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METAL LOAD IN FRUITS AND VEGETABLES CONSUMED IN AND AROUND ANAMBRA STATE POLYTECHNIC, MGBAKWU","authors":"Ezebo, R.O., Ifeanyi, C.F., Obieze, O.U.","doi":"10.53555/nnfaes.v9i6.1717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/nnfaes.v9i6.1717","url":null,"abstract":"Fruits and vegetables are of plant source and are consumed a lot by human and animals. Fruits and vegetables could be contaminated with heavy or toxic metals through contaminated soil and water with these heavy metals. Contaminated fruits and vegetables consumed by man and animals will gradually build up of this toxins and if not detoxified faster in the body will build up to a concentration higher than the permissible level (Zurbrugg et al., 2003). Human activities such as industrial production, mining, agriculture and transportation release a high amount of heavy metals to the biosphere. The primary sources of metal pollution are the burning of fossil fuels, smelting of metal like ores, municipal wastes, fertilizers, pesticides and sewage (Xiaoli, 2007; Radwan and Salama, 2006; Wilson and Pyatt, 2007). The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine the level of heavy metal load of fruits and vegetables consumed in and around Anambra State Polytechnic, Mgbakwu, Southeast Nigeria. Local officials may utilize this study's results to develop a standard that can improve the quality of commercially sold fruits and vegetables in and around the locality.","PeriodicalId":196789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advance Research in Food, Agriculture and Environmental Science (ISSN: 2208-2417)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128040485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-26DOI: 10.53555/nnfaes.v9i5.1694
Ndulue N.k., Onugbolu P, C, O, Ekemezie Gloria, Nwajikwa Chukwuka
Yield and control of burrowing nematode disease of Musa spp as affected by planting depth and poultry manure rates as soil organic amendment were studied in a 3x3x2 factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with six replicates. The organic amendments were applied in two Musa spp. The poultry manure was apllied at the rate of 0 t/ha, 5 t/ha and 10 t/ha while the planting depth were 30cm, 45cm, and 60cm respectively. The 0 t/ha of poultry manure served as the control. The result of the analysis showed that burrowing nematode population density and its infection on Musa spp varied among the organic amendment applied. The same was true for yield and other yield components. Planting depth of 60cm and 10 t/ha poultry manure efficiently controlled the activities of burrowing nematode and therefore improved yield.
{"title":"CONTROL OF BURROWING NEMATODE INFECTION OF MUSA SPP AS AFFECTED BY PLANTING DEPTH AND POULTRY MANURE RATES IN MGBAKWU, ANAMBRA STATE.","authors":"Ndulue N.k., Onugbolu P, C, O, Ekemezie Gloria, Nwajikwa Chukwuka","doi":"10.53555/nnfaes.v9i5.1694","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/nnfaes.v9i5.1694","url":null,"abstract":"Yield and control of burrowing nematode disease of Musa spp as affected by planting depth and poultry manure rates as soil organic amendment were studied in a 3x3x2 factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design with six replicates. The organic amendments were applied in two Musa spp. The poultry manure was apllied at the rate of 0 t/ha, 5 t/ha and 10 t/ha while the planting depth were 30cm, 45cm, and 60cm respectively. The 0 t/ha of poultry manure served as the control. The result of the analysis showed that burrowing nematode population density and its infection on Musa spp varied among the organic amendment applied. The same was true for yield and other yield components. Planting depth of 60cm and 10 t/ha poultry manure efficiently controlled the activities of burrowing nematode and therefore improved yield.","PeriodicalId":196789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advance Research in Food, Agriculture and Environmental Science (ISSN: 2208-2417)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121186565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-19DOI: 10.53555/nnfaes.v9i5.1661
CHIEKEZIE, N. R, Obiekwe, N. J, Ugwumba, C.O.A, O. M. U
This study examined determinants and level of economic efficiency of rice production in Anambra State, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to: estimate the level of economic efficiency attained by rice farmers in the area; ascertain the determinants of level of economic efficiency attained by the farmers and assess the nature of returns to scale of rice production in the study area. Two hypotheses tested were: there is no significant difference between the levels of economic efficiency attained by farmers in the selected agricultural zones and socio-economic characteristics of the rice farmers do not significantly influence their economic efficiency level. Primary data were used for the study and Multistage, purposive and random sampling methods were used select 378 respondents. The collated data were analyzed by means of descriptive and inferential statistical tools such as Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression, Cobb Douglas Stochastic Frontier Production function and Scheffe’s Multiple Comparison test. Findings indicated a minimum economic efficiency score of 0.86, maximum of 0.99 and mean of 0.95 for rice farmers in the study area. Scheffe’s Multiple Comparison test indicated significant difference between means of economic efficiency scores and per hectare profits of farmers from paired agricultural zones. Maximun Likelihood Estimation of the Cobb Douglas stochastic frontier production regression showed that the production factors of land, labour and other inputs significantly and positively influenced economic efficiency level of the farmers. Inefficiency effect was significantly and negatively affected by educational level and amount of credit obtained; significantly and positively affected by farming experience while extension visit and farm size were not significant. Returns to scale figures were 1.32, 1.25, 1.15 and 1.12 for Anambra, Aguata and Awka Agricultural zones, and the State (pooled data) respectively. This implies increasing returns to scale across the Agricultural zones and the study area. It is recommended that Government should ensure adequate budgetary allocations to the institutions responsible for making cheap loans available to farmers while the institutions should maintain timely disbursement of the funds.
{"title":"DETERMINANTS OF LEVEL OF ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF RICE PRODUCERS IN ANAMBRA STATE, NIGERIA","authors":"CHIEKEZIE, N. R, Obiekwe, N. J, Ugwumba, C.O.A, O. M. U","doi":"10.53555/nnfaes.v9i5.1661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/nnfaes.v9i5.1661","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined determinants and level of economic efficiency of rice production in Anambra State, Nigeria. The specific objectives were to: estimate the level of economic efficiency attained by rice farmers in the area; ascertain the determinants of level of economic efficiency attained by the farmers and assess the nature of returns to scale of rice production in the study area. Two hypotheses tested were: there is no significant difference between the levels of economic efficiency attained by farmers in the selected agricultural zones and socio-economic characteristics of the rice farmers do not significantly influence their economic efficiency level. Primary data were used for the study and Multistage, purposive and random sampling methods were used select 378 respondents. The collated data were analyzed by means of descriptive and inferential statistical tools such as Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression, Cobb Douglas Stochastic Frontier Production function and Scheffe’s Multiple Comparison test. Findings indicated a minimum economic efficiency score of 0.86, maximum of \u00000.99 and mean of 0.95 for rice farmers in the study area. Scheffe’s Multiple Comparison test indicated significant difference between means of economic efficiency scores and per hectare profits of farmers from paired agricultural zones. Maximun Likelihood Estimation of the Cobb Douglas stochastic frontier production regression showed that the production factors of land, labour and other inputs significantly and positively influenced economic efficiency level of the farmers. Inefficiency effect was significantly and negatively affected by educational level and amount of credit obtained; significantly and positively affected by farming experience while extension visit and farm size were not significant. Returns to scale figures were 1.32, 1.25, 1.15 and 1.12 for Anambra, Aguata and Awka Agricultural zones, and the State (pooled data) respectively. This implies increasing returns to scale across the Agricultural zones and the study area. It is recommended that Government should ensure adequate budgetary allocations to the institutions responsible for making cheap loans available to farmers while the institutions should maintain timely disbursement of the funds. ","PeriodicalId":196789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advance Research in Food, Agriculture and Environmental Science (ISSN: 2208-2417)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131039787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-04DOI: 10.53555/nnfaes.v9i5.1446
Seema Sonkar, Sunaina Gupta
This study is conducted for the information collected by survey represented the different intake of nutrients in respondents male and female. The survey value compared with RDA value and found deficient percent and increment energy value found that 1418.4 deficient in males and 1081.2 in females whereas, the protein intake value compared with RDA 16.7 percent increment found in males and 20.8 in females. Calcium intake value compared with RDA 415.5 increment in males and 383.8 found in females. Iron intake value compared with RDA 2.89 increment in males and 11.8 deficiency found in females. B1 intake value compared with RDA 0.74 increment in males and 1.31 deficiency found in females. C intake value compared with RDA 25.3 deficient in males and 37.6 found in females. An intake value compared with RDA 755.5 deficient in males and 63.9 found in females. They take a large amount of energy and fat. After all, they consume more fast food and rice because they easily make and take less time to cook. Vitamins deficient like vitamin A and C vitamins because they consume less fruit. After all, fruits are costly. Vitamin B1 and B2 found increment because they consumed whole grain foods like rice, and fast foods are cheaply easily locally available food.
{"title":"ASSESMENT OF CORRELATION IMPACT OF DEFICIENT INTAKE OF RDA ON HEALTH","authors":"Seema Sonkar, Sunaina Gupta","doi":"10.53555/nnfaes.v9i5.1446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/nnfaes.v9i5.1446","url":null,"abstract":"This study is conducted for the information collected by survey represented the different intake of nutrients in respondents male and female. The survey value compared with RDA value and found deficient percent and increment energy value found that 1418.4 deficient in males and 1081.2 in females whereas, the protein intake value compared with RDA 16.7 percent increment found in males and 20.8 in females. Calcium intake value compared with RDA 415.5 increment in males and 383.8 found in females. Iron intake value compared with RDA 2.89 increment in males and 11.8 deficiency found in females. B1 intake value compared with RDA 0.74 increment in males and 1.31 deficiency found in females. C intake value compared with RDA 25.3 deficient in males and 37.6 found in females. An intake value compared with RDA 755.5 deficient in males and 63.9 found in females. They take a large amount of energy and fat. After all, they consume more fast food and rice because they easily make and take less time to cook. Vitamins deficient like vitamin A and C vitamins because they consume less fruit. After all, fruits are costly. Vitamin B1 and B2 found increment because they consumed whole grain foods like rice, and fast foods are cheaply easily locally available food. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":196789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advance Research in Food, Agriculture and Environmental Science (ISSN: 2208-2417)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129420576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-18DOI: 10.53555/nnfaes.v9i4.1627
Emmanuel A. Atser, Dr. Felix T. G. Ashiko, Dr. M. M. Atagher, Dr. T. J. Hanmaikyur
The study analyzed cattle marketing and risks among traders in North-Central Nigeria. It considered the socio-economic characteristics of cattle marketers, Primary data were collected from 350 market intermediaries using stratified sampling techniques. The methods of data analysis included descriptive statistics such as frequency distribution tables, mean and percentages. Results revealed that for objective one, cattle marketing is male dominated as 100% of market intermediaries were males. Age was also a significant positive attribute of cattle marketing which revealed that 64.3% of respondents were less than 50 years, hence physically capable of undertaking the business. Findings of objective two revealed three types of intermediaries who were found to be very important in cattle marketing in the study area. These included wholesalers, retailers and brokers. Result of objective three of the study indicates that there was no fixed cost item because traders did not own either a warehouse or a truck. Most of their expenses were restricted to the operational costs of maintaining the animals in terms of supplementary feeding before final conveyance to the distant markets as well as taxes/levies paid in transit and thus only gross margin could be calculated. The researcher concluded that cattle marketing in North-Central Nigeria was profitable despite that wholesalers incurred the high costs, followed by retailers and brokers, largely from transportation cost. The study recommended among others that credit institutions should support cattle marketing, illegal taxes and levies on cattle marketing should be eliminated while on transit as well as provision of good and affordable transport system.
{"title":"ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF CATTLE MARKETING AND RISKS AMONG TRADERS IN NORTH-CENTRAL NIGERIA","authors":"Emmanuel A. Atser, Dr. Felix T. G. Ashiko, Dr. M. M. Atagher, Dr. T. J. Hanmaikyur","doi":"10.53555/nnfaes.v9i4.1627","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/nnfaes.v9i4.1627","url":null,"abstract":"The study analyzed cattle marketing and risks among traders in North-Central Nigeria. It considered the socio-economic characteristics of cattle marketers, Primary data were collected from 350 market intermediaries using stratified sampling techniques. The methods of data analysis included descriptive statistics such as frequency distribution tables, mean and percentages. Results revealed that for objective one, cattle marketing is male dominated as 100% of market intermediaries were males. Age was also a significant positive attribute of cattle marketing which revealed that 64.3% of respondents were less than 50 years, hence physically capable of undertaking the business. Findings of objective two revealed three types of intermediaries who were found to be very important in cattle marketing in the study area. These included wholesalers, retailers and brokers. Result of objective three of the study indicates that there was no fixed cost item because traders did not own either a warehouse or a truck. Most of their expenses were restricted to the operational costs of maintaining the animals in terms of supplementary feeding before final conveyance to the distant markets as well as taxes/levies paid in transit and thus only gross margin could be calculated. The researcher concluded that cattle marketing in North-Central Nigeria was profitable despite that wholesalers incurred the high costs, followed by retailers and brokers, largely from transportation cost. The study recommended among others that credit institutions should support cattle marketing, illegal taxes and levies on cattle marketing should be eliminated while on transit as well as provision of good and affordable transport system.","PeriodicalId":196789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advance Research in Food, Agriculture and Environmental Science (ISSN: 2208-2417)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125128653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-10DOI: 10.53555/nnfaes.v9i4.1635
Chiekezie, Njideka Rita
Climate change projections that show an increase in the frequency and intensity of climatic hazards like flooding highlight the significance of understanding community vulnerability to extreme hydrological events. The current study looked at how farmers' motivation is impacted by flooding. Two hundred and twenty-five farmers recruited from farming communities in Anam, Anambra State, Nigeria, completed a self-report instrument to ascertain their motivations relative to continuing farming activities in the era of flooding. A cross-sectional design was employed in the study. Data from the respondents were analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS, Version 23). Simple regression was run to test the primary hypothesis that flooding would predict farmers' motivation. The analysis demonstrated a statistically significant effect of flooding concerns on the farmers' motivation F (1,223), 21.31 P< .05, with the R2 indicating the independent variable accounted for 22.3% of the variation in farmers' motivation. The present finding contributes to the agricultural literature by revealing the flooding trend as a potential determinant of farmers' low motivations and the increasing low food production.
气候变化预测显示，洪水等气候灾害的频率和强度都在增加，这凸显了了解社区对极端水文事件的脆弱性的重要性。目前的研究着眼于农民的动机如何受到洪水的影响。从尼日利亚阿南布拉州Anam的农业社区招募的225名农民完成了一项自我报告工具，以确定他们在洪水时期继续从事农业活动的动机。本研究采用横断面设计。从受访者的数据进行分析，使用统计软件包的社会科学(SPSS，版本23)。简单回归检验了洪水可以预测农民动机的基本假设。分析表明，洪水担忧对农民动机的影响具有统计学意义(F = 1,223)， P = 21.31 < 0.05, R2表明自变量占农民动机变化的22.3%。这一发现揭示了洪水趋势是农民低动机和日益低粮食产量的潜在决定因素，从而对农业文献有所贡献。
{"title":"FLOODING IMPACTS AND FARMING MOTIVATION IN ANAM COMMUNITY OF ANAMBRA STATE, NIGERIA: IMPLICATION FOR FOOD SECURITY","authors":"Chiekezie, Njideka Rita","doi":"10.53555/nnfaes.v9i4.1635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.53555/nnfaes.v9i4.1635","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change projections that show an increase in the frequency and intensity of climatic hazards like flooding highlight the significance of understanding community vulnerability to extreme hydrological events. The current study looked at how farmers' motivation is impacted by flooding. Two hundred and twenty-five farmers recruited from farming communities in Anam, Anambra State, Nigeria, completed a self-report instrument to ascertain their motivations relative to continuing farming activities in the era of flooding. A cross-sectional design was employed in the study. Data from the respondents were analyzed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS, Version 23). Simple regression was run to test the primary hypothesis that flooding would predict farmers' motivation. The analysis demonstrated a statistically significant effect of flooding concerns on the farmers' motivation F (1,223), 21.31 P< .05, with the R2 indicating the independent variable accounted for 22.3% of the variation in farmers' motivation. The present finding contributes to the agricultural literature by revealing the flooding trend as a potential determinant of farmers' low motivations and the increasing low food production.","PeriodicalId":196789,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Advance Research in Food, Agriculture and Environmental Science (ISSN: 2208-2417)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122027374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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