AbstractIn the last decade, there has been increasing scrutiny of using biochar to remove pollutants from the waste water. However, due to particle size of biochar and the difficulty of its separation after the adsorption process, the use of these adsorbents has always been a challenge, until magnetic biochar (MB) was proposed by researchers. The production of MB is divided into pre-pyrolysis and post- pyrolysis methods. The MB activation/modification methods included physical and chemical activation/ammonization, sulfurization, oxidation, polymerization and MB production without modification/activation was investigated. In this research, studies that produced MB as a one-step heating and post-pyrolysis method reviewed. The results showed that the capacity of different MB to remove lead, cadmium, chromium, copper, and arsenic was calculated to be 96.9, 91.2, 90.5, 97.6 and 55.42%, respectively. In these studies, the weight ratio of the magnetic fraction to biochar, temperature, and carbonization time were 1.2 (g/g), 575 °C, and 130 min, respectively. During the absorption process, the adsorption capacity of magnetic biochar increased and then reached a constant value. Therefore, the magnetic biochar has good ability to hold the adsorbed pollutants to the end of process. Also, as the initial pollutant concentration increased, the adsorption capacity unexpectedly increased and eventually reached its maximum, indicating a high affinity of the magnetic biochar with the pollutants.Keywords: Activated carbonadsorptionmagneticbiocharbiomasscarbonization AcknowledgmentsThe support of this organization is appreciated.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThis study was funded by the University of Lorestan, Lorestan, Iran.
{"title":"Removal of pollutants from aqueous solution with magnetic biochar: a mini review","authors":"Jalil Kermannezhad, Hassan TorabiPoodeh, Elham Ghanbari-Adivi, Babak ShahiNezhad","doi":"10.1080/02726351.2023.2255834","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02726351.2023.2255834","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractIn the last decade, there has been increasing scrutiny of using biochar to remove pollutants from the waste water. However, due to particle size of biochar and the difficulty of its separation after the adsorption process, the use of these adsorbents has always been a challenge, until magnetic biochar (MB) was proposed by researchers. The production of MB is divided into pre-pyrolysis and post- pyrolysis methods. The MB activation/modification methods included physical and chemical activation/ammonization, sulfurization, oxidation, polymerization and MB production without modification/activation was investigated. In this research, studies that produced MB as a one-step heating and post-pyrolysis method reviewed. The results showed that the capacity of different MB to remove lead, cadmium, chromium, copper, and arsenic was calculated to be 96.9, 91.2, 90.5, 97.6 and 55.42%, respectively. In these studies, the weight ratio of the magnetic fraction to biochar, temperature, and carbonization time were 1.2 (g/g), 575 °C, and 130 min, respectively. During the absorption process, the adsorption capacity of magnetic biochar increased and then reached a constant value. Therefore, the magnetic biochar has good ability to hold the adsorbed pollutants to the end of process. Also, as the initial pollutant concentration increased, the adsorption capacity unexpectedly increased and eventually reached its maximum, indicating a high affinity of the magnetic biochar with the pollutants.Keywords: Activated carbonadsorptionmagneticbiocharbiomasscarbonization AcknowledgmentsThe support of this organization is appreciated.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThis study was funded by the University of Lorestan, Lorestan, Iran.","PeriodicalId":19742,"journal":{"name":"Particulate Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136342192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-28DOI: 10.1080/02726351.2023.2259336
Jagadeesh Banka, Anant Kumar Rai
AbstractPrimary goal of this article is to present recent developments in erosion research and associated particles in centrifugal slurry pumps. Solid particles in transported liquid cause severe erosion of components in centrifugal pumps causing poor performance and reduced lifespan. Erosion necessitates frequent repairs and maintenance replacements, resulting in significant financial losses. This article summarizes the effect of slurry erosion on the performance characteristics of centrifugal pumps handling different fluid and solid mixtures, as well as methods to reduce erosion. According to the majority of the literature, particle properties, pump geometry, and operating parameters have a paramount influence on pump characteristics. Recently, researchers attempted to improve the performance characteristics of centrifugal pumps by employing various flow visualization techniques, which also aid in understanding the solid particle interaction with various pump components. Therefore, recent advancements in flow visualization technology inside the centrifugal pump are also included. Further, specific studies on erosion in centrifugal slurry pumps from different industries are also provided. This study is beneficial to designers, process managers and researchers involved with slurry centrifugal pumps.Keywords: Centrifugal slurry pumpPIVparticleerosionsedimentefficiency AcknowledgmentThe authors would like to thank Science and Engineering Research Board [Grant No. SRG/2020/002452], India for financially supporting the present work.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThe authors would like to thank Science and Engineering Research Board [Grant No. SRG/2020/002452], India for financially supporting the present work.
{"title":"Erosion and flow visualization in centrifugal slurry pumps: a comprehensive review of recent developments and future outlook","authors":"Jagadeesh Banka, Anant Kumar Rai","doi":"10.1080/02726351.2023.2259336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02726351.2023.2259336","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractPrimary goal of this article is to present recent developments in erosion research and associated particles in centrifugal slurry pumps. Solid particles in transported liquid cause severe erosion of components in centrifugal pumps causing poor performance and reduced lifespan. Erosion necessitates frequent repairs and maintenance replacements, resulting in significant financial losses. This article summarizes the effect of slurry erosion on the performance characteristics of centrifugal pumps handling different fluid and solid mixtures, as well as methods to reduce erosion. According to the majority of the literature, particle properties, pump geometry, and operating parameters have a paramount influence on pump characteristics. Recently, researchers attempted to improve the performance characteristics of centrifugal pumps by employing various flow visualization techniques, which also aid in understanding the solid particle interaction with various pump components. Therefore, recent advancements in flow visualization technology inside the centrifugal pump are also included. Further, specific studies on erosion in centrifugal slurry pumps from different industries are also provided. This study is beneficial to designers, process managers and researchers involved with slurry centrifugal pumps.Keywords: Centrifugal slurry pumpPIVparticleerosionsedimentefficiency AcknowledgmentThe authors would like to thank Science and Engineering Research Board [Grant No. SRG/2020/002452], India for financially supporting the present work.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThe authors would like to thank Science and Engineering Research Board [Grant No. SRG/2020/002452], India for financially supporting the present work.","PeriodicalId":19742,"journal":{"name":"Particulate Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135385109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-26DOI: 10.1080/02726351.2023.2261420
Gourav Saluja, S. S. Mallick, Sujay Karmakar
AbstractPneumatic fly ash conveying systems in thermal power plants are often not able to transport ash as per their expected duty due to either variability of ash characteristics and/or inadequate system sizing resulting in generation loss and reduced ash utilization. This paper results from an ongoing investigation into the relationship between the physical characteristics of ash to some of the important design criteria, such as ash conveyability and flowability. Based on a comprehensive test program including the pneumatic conveying (in a pilot plant) and flow property testing of 23 ash samples obtained from five different power stations, predictions for conveyability and flowability have been made using bulk property characterization. Of all the different particle and bulk parameters investigated, the angle of repose has been found to be the most significant parameter linking conveyability and flowability. A newly developed design tool based on the angle of repose is expected to assist designers and operational engineers to predict the flow condition and appropriately size equipment/system with suitable operating parameters.Keywords: Fly ashpneumatic conveyingflowabilityhausner ratioangle of repose AcknowledgementThe authors would like to thank NTPC Ltd., India for the sponsored research project – sanction letter ref. 9100000168-151-1001. “NTPC sponsored Research Scholar, Gouarv Saluja, would like to thank NTPC for providing him scholarship”.The authors would like to acknowledge the collaboration between Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology (TIET) and Granutools (Belgium) for the use of the GranuHeap instrument.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
{"title":"Predicting pneumatic conveyability and flowability of fly ash using bulk property characterization","authors":"Gourav Saluja, S. S. Mallick, Sujay Karmakar","doi":"10.1080/02726351.2023.2261420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02726351.2023.2261420","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractPneumatic fly ash conveying systems in thermal power plants are often not able to transport ash as per their expected duty due to either variability of ash characteristics and/or inadequate system sizing resulting in generation loss and reduced ash utilization. This paper results from an ongoing investigation into the relationship between the physical characteristics of ash to some of the important design criteria, such as ash conveyability and flowability. Based on a comprehensive test program including the pneumatic conveying (in a pilot plant) and flow property testing of 23 ash samples obtained from five different power stations, predictions for conveyability and flowability have been made using bulk property characterization. Of all the different particle and bulk parameters investigated, the angle of repose has been found to be the most significant parameter linking conveyability and flowability. A newly developed design tool based on the angle of repose is expected to assist designers and operational engineers to predict the flow condition and appropriately size equipment/system with suitable operating parameters.Keywords: Fly ashpneumatic conveyingflowabilityhausner ratioangle of repose AcknowledgementThe authors would like to thank NTPC Ltd., India for the sponsored research project – sanction letter ref. 9100000168-151-1001. “NTPC sponsored Research Scholar, Gouarv Saluja, would like to thank NTPC for providing him scholarship”.The authors would like to acknowledge the collaboration between Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology (TIET) and Granutools (Belgium) for the use of the GranuHeap instrument.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).","PeriodicalId":19742,"journal":{"name":"Particulate Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134886134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.1080/02726351.2023.2261391
Xuebin Zhang, Youjun Tao
AbstractThe work conducted flow field analysis of a typical hydrocyclone (φ500 type) in the Coal Processing Plant using CFD simulation, including hydrocyclone modeling, flow field development, static pressure distribution, three-dimensional velocity, and air column development. Besides, the effects of influential factors on the classification effect of hydrocyclone were studied. On this basis, a novel hydrocyclone model was developed and simulated for the ultrafine classification of coal slurry. The static pressure and velocity in the typical hydrocyclone have good symmetry and certain regularity. Decreasing the overflow pipe diameter and cone angle, while increasing the underflow pipe diameter, cylindrical section height, and feed rate will increase the classification efficiency of hydrocyclone. The novel hydrocyclone designed of annular feeding, small cone angle, and large cone bottom reduces energy consumption, decreases classification size, and improves classification accuracy. CFD simulation results show that the novel hydrocyclone has higher classification efficiency and smaller classification size over the typical hydrocyclone. The novel hydrocyclone develops an excellent ultrafine classification effect of coal slurry and provides a prospective approach for the industrial application of hydrocyclone in the fine coal ultrafine classification process.Keywords: Hydrocycloneultrafine classificationcoal slurryclassification efficiencyflow field simulation Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThis work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. [51874303].
{"title":"CFD simulation on internal flow field of typical hydrocyclone for coal and development of novel hydrocyclone","authors":"Xuebin Zhang, Youjun Tao","doi":"10.1080/02726351.2023.2261391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02726351.2023.2261391","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThe work conducted flow field analysis of a typical hydrocyclone (φ500 type) in the Coal Processing Plant using CFD simulation, including hydrocyclone modeling, flow field development, static pressure distribution, three-dimensional velocity, and air column development. Besides, the effects of influential factors on the classification effect of hydrocyclone were studied. On this basis, a novel hydrocyclone model was developed and simulated for the ultrafine classification of coal slurry. The static pressure and velocity in the typical hydrocyclone have good symmetry and certain regularity. Decreasing the overflow pipe diameter and cone angle, while increasing the underflow pipe diameter, cylindrical section height, and feed rate will increase the classification efficiency of hydrocyclone. The novel hydrocyclone designed of annular feeding, small cone angle, and large cone bottom reduces energy consumption, decreases classification size, and improves classification accuracy. CFD simulation results show that the novel hydrocyclone has higher classification efficiency and smaller classification size over the typical hydrocyclone. The novel hydrocyclone develops an excellent ultrafine classification effect of coal slurry and provides a prospective approach for the industrial application of hydrocyclone in the fine coal ultrafine classification process.Keywords: Hydrocycloneultrafine classificationcoal slurryclassification efficiencyflow field simulation Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Additional informationFundingThis work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No. [51874303].","PeriodicalId":19742,"journal":{"name":"Particulate Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135815189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
AbstractIn order to further improve the trapping effect of fine particles, an improved electrostatic cyclone precipitator (ECP) was proposed. The electromagnetic dust-removal mechanism of spherical cylindrical ECP was revealed, and the influences of flue gas velocity on the dust-removal effect of fine particles with and without magnetic confinement effect were discussed. The results show that the overall efficiency curve of fine particles shows a ' hump ' type with the change of flue gas velocity, and the increase of magnetic induction intensity promotes the hump to move to the low flue gas velocity area. Increasing magnetic induction intensity can improve the trapping performance of spherical cylindrical magnetically constrained ECP, and the improvement effect weakens gradually when the same amplitude increases.Keywords: Spherical cylindrical ECPmagnetic confinement effectfine particlesdust-removal performancehump AcknowledgmentsThis work is sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China (12172228, 11572187), Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (22ZR1444400), the Program of Foundation of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (22dz1206005, 22dz1204202), and Shanghai Professional Technical Service Platform for Intelligent Operation and Maintenance of Renewable Energy (22DZ2291800).Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Data availability statementDue to the sensitive nature of the questions asked in this study, raw data would remain confidential and would not be shared.Additional informationFundingThis work is sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China (12172228, 11572187), Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (22ZR1444400), the Program of Foundation of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (22dz1206005, 22dz1204202), and Shanghai Professional Technical Service Platform for Intelligent Operation and Maintenance of Renewable Energy (22DZ2291800).
{"title":"Dust-removal performance of an improved spherical cylindrical ECP under magnetic confinement effect","authors":"Jianping Zhang, Zhuo Chen, Qinggang Si, Pengju Zhang, Dawen Zhao, Zhiwei Zhang, Baodong Ren","doi":"10.1080/02726351.2023.2260993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02726351.2023.2260993","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractIn order to further improve the trapping effect of fine particles, an improved electrostatic cyclone precipitator (ECP) was proposed. The electromagnetic dust-removal mechanism of spherical cylindrical ECP was revealed, and the influences of flue gas velocity on the dust-removal effect of fine particles with and without magnetic confinement effect were discussed. The results show that the overall efficiency curve of fine particles shows a ' hump ' type with the change of flue gas velocity, and the increase of magnetic induction intensity promotes the hump to move to the low flue gas velocity area. Increasing magnetic induction intensity can improve the trapping performance of spherical cylindrical magnetically constrained ECP, and the improvement effect weakens gradually when the same amplitude increases.Keywords: Spherical cylindrical ECPmagnetic confinement effectfine particlesdust-removal performancehump AcknowledgmentsThis work is sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China (12172228, 11572187), Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (22ZR1444400), the Program of Foundation of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (22dz1206005, 22dz1204202), and Shanghai Professional Technical Service Platform for Intelligent Operation and Maintenance of Renewable Energy (22DZ2291800).Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Data availability statementDue to the sensitive nature of the questions asked in this study, raw data would remain confidential and would not be shared.Additional informationFundingThis work is sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China (12172228, 11572187), Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (22ZR1444400), the Program of Foundation of Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality (22dz1206005, 22dz1204202), and Shanghai Professional Technical Service Platform for Intelligent Operation and Maintenance of Renewable Energy (22DZ2291800).","PeriodicalId":19742,"journal":{"name":"Particulate Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135815042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-20DOI: 10.1080/02726351.2023.2258347
Gourav Saluja, S. S. Mallick, Sujay Karmakar
AbstractAccurate prediction of blockage conditions or the minimum transport boundary is essential for the reliable design and operation of a pneumatic powder conveying system. Many existing empirical models for minimum transport boundary do not consider essential powder properties and operating conditions, such as loose poured bulk density, particle size, and air density. Based on the conveying results of 13 different powders, this paper has developed a new empirical model for the minimum transport boundary. The model includes a Froude number based on particle size and bulk density and a dimensionless gas density term, which makes the model inherently adaptable to variations in powder properties and operating conditions. Results of validation show that the new model provides a significantly improved prediction of minimum Froude Number (in the range of 7 to 13% relative error only) compared to the existing models, which provided relative errors in the range of 19 to 67%.Keywords: Pneumatic conveyingminimum transport criteriamodified particle froude numberloose poured bulk densityparticle sizeconveying air density AcknowledgmentThe authors would like to thank NTPC Ltd., India, for the sponsored research project – sanction letter ref. 9100000168-151-1001.“NTPC sponsored Research Scholar, Gouarv Saluja, would like to thank NTPC for providing him scholarship.”The authors would like to acknowledge the collaboration between Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology (TIET) and Granutools (Belgium) for the use of GranuHeap instrument.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s)
{"title":"Modeling minimum transport boundary for pneumatic conveying of powders","authors":"Gourav Saluja, S. S. Mallick, Sujay Karmakar","doi":"10.1080/02726351.2023.2258347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02726351.2023.2258347","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractAccurate prediction of blockage conditions or the minimum transport boundary is essential for the reliable design and operation of a pneumatic powder conveying system. Many existing empirical models for minimum transport boundary do not consider essential powder properties and operating conditions, such as loose poured bulk density, particle size, and air density. Based on the conveying results of 13 different powders, this paper has developed a new empirical model for the minimum transport boundary. The model includes a Froude number based on particle size and bulk density and a dimensionless gas density term, which makes the model inherently adaptable to variations in powder properties and operating conditions. Results of validation show that the new model provides a significantly improved prediction of minimum Froude Number (in the range of 7 to 13% relative error only) compared to the existing models, which provided relative errors in the range of 19 to 67%.Keywords: Pneumatic conveyingminimum transport criteriamodified particle froude numberloose poured bulk densityparticle sizeconveying air density AcknowledgmentThe authors would like to thank NTPC Ltd., India, for the sponsored research project – sanction letter ref. 9100000168-151-1001.“NTPC sponsored Research Scholar, Gouarv Saluja, would like to thank NTPC for providing him scholarship.”The authors would like to acknowledge the collaboration between Thapar Institute of Engineering & Technology (TIET) and Granutools (Belgium) for the use of GranuHeap instrument.Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s)","PeriodicalId":19742,"journal":{"name":"Particulate Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136306866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-20DOI: 10.1080/02726351.2023.2256688
Sameer Ranjan Sahu, Hrushikesh Barik, Pandaba Patro
AbstractThe current work investigates the thermal characteristics of nanofluid flow (water and air as base fluids with Al2O3 nanoparticles) in a circular pipe at constant heat flux. Numerical simulations were performed using the Eulerian-Euleian two-phase model with an RNG k−ε turbulent model with enhanced wall function. Results showed that the two-phase approach reduced the error by about 3–5% in the prediction of the average heat transfer coefficient. Within the range of a volumetric fraction of nanoparticles from 1 to 5% and inlet velocity from 10 to 25 m/s, heat transfer performance increased significantly compared to pure fluid flow. For water, the particle motion from the wall to the center of the pipe was empowered by thermophoresis in addition to higher turbulent kinetic energy leading to a profit index of about 3.5, while for air; the Brownian motion of particles increased the viscosity and thermal conductivity near the wall leading to profit index of about 240 indicating high amount of heat transfer. For both fluids, the heat transfer effectiveness ratio increased at a higher volume fraction of nanoparticles (3.5 for water-based nanofluid and 140 for air-based nanofluid). These values indicate promising effects of nanoparticle addition, especially for air, where the volume fraction had a much more significant effect than water.Keywords: NanofluidAl2O3 nanoparticlesEulerianheat transferNusselt number Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
{"title":"Heat transfer study of water and air-based nanofluids with Al <sub>2</sub> O <sub>3</sub> nanoparticles in a circular pipe using a multiphase approach","authors":"Sameer Ranjan Sahu, Hrushikesh Barik, Pandaba Patro","doi":"10.1080/02726351.2023.2256688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02726351.2023.2256688","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThe current work investigates the thermal characteristics of nanofluid flow (water and air as base fluids with Al2O3 nanoparticles) in a circular pipe at constant heat flux. Numerical simulations were performed using the Eulerian-Euleian two-phase model with an RNG k−ε turbulent model with enhanced wall function. Results showed that the two-phase approach reduced the error by about 3–5% in the prediction of the average heat transfer coefficient. Within the range of a volumetric fraction of nanoparticles from 1 to 5% and inlet velocity from 10 to 25 m/s, heat transfer performance increased significantly compared to pure fluid flow. For water, the particle motion from the wall to the center of the pipe was empowered by thermophoresis in addition to higher turbulent kinetic energy leading to a profit index of about 3.5, while for air; the Brownian motion of particles increased the viscosity and thermal conductivity near the wall leading to profit index of about 240 indicating high amount of heat transfer. For both fluids, the heat transfer effectiveness ratio increased at a higher volume fraction of nanoparticles (3.5 for water-based nanofluid and 140 for air-based nanofluid). These values indicate promising effects of nanoparticle addition, especially for air, where the volume fraction had a much more significant effect than water.Keywords: NanofluidAl2O3 nanoparticlesEulerianheat transferNusselt number Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).","PeriodicalId":19742,"journal":{"name":"Particulate Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136306859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-15DOI: 10.1080/02726351.2023.2257153
Saman Soleimani Kutanaei, Asskar Janalizadeh Choobbasti, Ali Vafaei, Mobina Taslimi PaeinAfrakoti, Alireza Fakhrabadi, Moein Ghadakpour
AbstractThere has been little research into the effects of cement on the geotechnical properties of two types of fine-grained soil with roughly the same grain size. The cement percentages used in this investigation were 0, 4, and 8% by dry weight of soil. Compaction features, consolidation characteristics, unconfined compressive strength (UCS), and Atterberg limits were all determined in the laboratory. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examinations were used to analyze the microstructures of cemented and untreated loess and clay. Notably, the MDD for loess and clay are 1.72 gr/cm3 and 1.57 gr/cm3 at CC = 0%, respectively, and 1.7 gr/cm3 and 1.55 gr/cm3 at CC = 4%. The OMC for loess and clay are 15% and 22% at CC = 0%, respectively, and 17% and 20% at CC = 4%. At CC = 0%, loess and clay have cohesion values of 25 kPa and 28.7 kPa, respectively, and 190 kPa and 140 kPa at CC = 8%. Internal friction degrees for loess and clay are 24 and 29 degrees at CC = 0%, respectively, and 36 and 34 degrees at CC = 8. The consolidation test findings demonstrated that increasing the cement proportion reduced cemented soils’ compressibility. The Plasticity Index (PI) rose as cement concentration increased. However, significant percentages of cement concentration reduced the plasticity index. Furthermore, adding cement agents resulted in significant improvements in elasticity modulus and UCS for both soils. The SEM results indicated that the cement-treated loess was denser and more homogenous than the cement-treated clay sample. Triaxial tests reveal that cement particles improve cohesiveness and internal friction angle.Keywords: Cementloessclaygeotechnical propertiesstabilizationcohesioninternal friction angle Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
{"title":"Geotechnical studies on cemented and untreated Behshahr loess and Amol clay of Iran","authors":"Saman Soleimani Kutanaei, Asskar Janalizadeh Choobbasti, Ali Vafaei, Mobina Taslimi PaeinAfrakoti, Alireza Fakhrabadi, Moein Ghadakpour","doi":"10.1080/02726351.2023.2257153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02726351.2023.2257153","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractThere has been little research into the effects of cement on the geotechnical properties of two types of fine-grained soil with roughly the same grain size. The cement percentages used in this investigation were 0, 4, and 8% by dry weight of soil. Compaction features, consolidation characteristics, unconfined compressive strength (UCS), and Atterberg limits were all determined in the laboratory. Furthermore, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) examinations were used to analyze the microstructures of cemented and untreated loess and clay. Notably, the MDD for loess and clay are 1.72 gr/cm3 and 1.57 gr/cm3 at CC = 0%, respectively, and 1.7 gr/cm3 and 1.55 gr/cm3 at CC = 4%. The OMC for loess and clay are 15% and 22% at CC = 0%, respectively, and 17% and 20% at CC = 4%. At CC = 0%, loess and clay have cohesion values of 25 kPa and 28.7 kPa, respectively, and 190 kPa and 140 kPa at CC = 8%. Internal friction degrees for loess and clay are 24 and 29 degrees at CC = 0%, respectively, and 36 and 34 degrees at CC = 8. The consolidation test findings demonstrated that increasing the cement proportion reduced cemented soils’ compressibility. The Plasticity Index (PI) rose as cement concentration increased. However, significant percentages of cement concentration reduced the plasticity index. Furthermore, adding cement agents resulted in significant improvements in elasticity modulus and UCS for both soils. The SEM results indicated that the cement-treated loess was denser and more homogenous than the cement-treated clay sample. Triaxial tests reveal that cement particles improve cohesiveness and internal friction angle.Keywords: Cementloessclaygeotechnical propertiesstabilizationcohesioninternal friction angle Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).","PeriodicalId":19742,"journal":{"name":"Particulate Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135394515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-11DOI: 10.1080/02726351.2023.2255865
Atul Sharma, Rachit Poddar, Gourav Saluja, S. S. Mallick
This paper presents the results of ongoing research aimed at modeling the pressure drop in bends during pneumatic conveying of fine powders. Based on the test results of conveying fly ash and two grades of cement through three different radii of curvature of the bends, two different bend diameters, and two different locations of the test bend, a semi-empirical relationship was developed for bend loss with various pressure drop components modeled separately. The newly developed model was used to predict the bend loss for a solid loading ratio in the range of 51–170 (very dense phase). The proposed model exhibited a satisfactory level of prediction accuracy, with relative error percentages of less than 12.2% and 19.6% for the high and low solids loading ratios, respectively.
{"title":"Modeling pressure drop in curvature and reacceleration zones in bends during pneumatic conveying of fine powders","authors":"Atul Sharma, Rachit Poddar, Gourav Saluja, S. S. Mallick","doi":"10.1080/02726351.2023.2255865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02726351.2023.2255865","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the results of ongoing research aimed at modeling the pressure drop in bends during pneumatic conveying of fine powders. Based on the test results of conveying fly ash and two grades of cement through three different radii of curvature of the bends, two different bend diameters, and two different locations of the test bend, a semi-empirical relationship was developed for bend loss with various pressure drop components modeled separately. The newly developed model was used to predict the bend loss for a solid loading ratio in the range of 51–170 (very dense phase). The proposed model exhibited a satisfactory level of prediction accuracy, with relative error percentages of less than 12.2% and 19.6% for the high and low solids loading ratios, respectively.","PeriodicalId":19742,"journal":{"name":"Particulate Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135982524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-04DOI: 10.1080/02726351.2023.2251327
{"title":"Correction","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/02726351.2023.2251327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02726351.2023.2251327","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":19742,"journal":{"name":"Particulate Science and Technology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.5,"publicationDate":"2023-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48879289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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