UV laser fluorescence detection of trace atmospheric gases under airborne conditions has been proven to be capable of detecting atmospheric OH in the sub-part-per-trillion (ppt) range.1 This system used a Nd:YAG pumped dye laser to produce <.5 mJ at 2819Å (via SHG) in order to pump the v′=−1 manifold of the A2Σ+ excited state of OH. The resulting fluorescence was monitored at 3095Å using a high throughput optical collection scheme. Davis, et al. recently reported the requirements necessary for detecting ppt levels of the atmospheric trace gases NO, SO2 and CH2O based on their already proven OH detection system.2 Presented here are the experimental details of such a system which has detected NO at the ppt level under atmospheric conditions.
{"title":"Characterization of a UV Laser Induced Fluorescence System for Detecting Atmospheric NO","authors":"J. Bradshaw, M. Rodgers, S. Fischer, D. Davis","doi":"10.1364/sam.1980.tup16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/sam.1980.tup16","url":null,"abstract":"UV laser fluorescence detection of trace atmospheric gases under airborne conditions has been proven to be capable of detecting atmospheric OH in the sub-part-per-trillion (ppt) range.1 This system used a Nd:YAG pumped dye laser to produce <.5 mJ at 2819Å (via SHG) in order to pump the v′=−1 manifold of the A2Σ+ excited state of OH. The resulting fluorescence was monitored at 3095Å using a high throughput optical collection scheme. Davis, et al. recently reported the requirements necessary for detecting ppt levels of the atmospheric trace gases NO, SO2 and CH2O based on their already proven OH detection system.2 Presented here are the experimental details of such a system which has detected NO at the ppt level under atmospheric conditions.","PeriodicalId":199214,"journal":{"name":"Topical Meeting on Spectroscopy in Support of Atmospheric Measurements","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130166875","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Line Positions and Energy Levels","authors":"K. N. Rao","doi":"10.1364/sam.1980.tua2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/sam.1980.tua2","url":null,"abstract":"Summary not available.","PeriodicalId":199214,"journal":{"name":"Topical Meeting on Spectroscopy in Support of Atmospheric Measurements","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127442268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Cranos, M. Shaw, F. Long, K. Miller, E. Damon, R. Nordstrom
Many of the atmospheric gaseous pollutants which may affect the environment, such as chlorofluorocarbons, occur at concentrations between 1 ppt and 1 ppb. A number of methods to identify these pollutants and to determine their abundance quantitatively have been proposed. Hanst1,2 has described a cryogenic concentration technique which can provide quantitative estimates for a number of relatively inert gases which occur at the ppb level1’2 by using infrared spectroscopy.
{"title":"FT-IR Measurements of Cryo-Condensed Inert Trace Air Pollutants*","authors":"R. Cranos, M. Shaw, F. Long, K. Miller, E. Damon, R. Nordstrom","doi":"10.1364/sam.1980.tup14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/sam.1980.tup14","url":null,"abstract":"Many of the atmospheric gaseous pollutants which may affect the environment, such as chlorofluorocarbons, occur at concentrations between 1 ppt and 1 ppb. A number of methods to identify these pollutants and to determine their abundance quantitatively have been proposed. Hanst1,2 has described a cryogenic concentration technique which can provide quantitative estimates for a number of relatively inert gases which occur at the ppb level1’2 by using infrared spectroscopy.","PeriodicalId":199214,"journal":{"name":"Topical Meeting on Spectroscopy in Support of Atmospheric Measurements","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127622346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Theoretical absorption spectra for nitric acid in the 11.3 micron spectral region were generated by line by line integration. Only the v5 and 2v9 bands were considered. The rotational line positions and intensities were calculated using Dana's constants for the v5 band; for the 2v9 band the rotational constants were based on the results given by Chevillard and Giraudet2 in conjunction with an ab initio calculation using the vibrational constants of McGraw et al3. A Lorentzian line shape was used with a self broadened semi-half width of 0.75 cm-1 at 300K and 1 atm. The semi-half width was assumed constant and at this stage of the work the variation with rotational quantum number was ignored. Fig. 1 shows a comparison between a calculated spectra and an experimental spectrum of Goldman et al4. The differences between the calculations and the experimental results could be due to the following; (a) neglect of a large number of the weaker lines, it was necessary to eliminate a number of weaker lines for computational purposes; (b) neglect of possible hot bands, as will be noted below there could be hot bands in the vicinity of 885 cm−1 and 910 cm−1; (c) the possibility that the wings of the lines are super Lorentzian.
{"title":"Comparison of Synthetic Nitric Acid Spectra with Laboratory and Atmospheric Measurements in the 11.3 Micron Region","authors":"C. Young, W. Evans","doi":"10.1364/sam.1980.wp2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/sam.1980.wp2","url":null,"abstract":"Theoretical absorption spectra for nitric acid in the 11.3 micron spectral region were generated by line by line integration. Only the v5 and 2v9 bands were considered. The rotational line positions and intensities were calculated using Dana's constants for the v5 band; for the 2v9 band the rotational constants were based on the results given by Chevillard and Giraudet2 in conjunction with an ab initio calculation using the vibrational constants of McGraw et al3. A Lorentzian line shape was used with a self broadened semi-half width of 0.75 cm-1 at 300K and 1 atm. The semi-half width was assumed constant and at this stage of the work the variation with rotational quantum number was ignored. Fig. 1 shows a comparison between a calculated spectra and an experimental spectrum of Goldman et al4. The differences between the calculations and the experimental results could be due to the following; (a) neglect of a large number of the weaker lines, it was necessary to eliminate a number of weaker lines for computational purposes; (b) neglect of possible hot bands, as will be noted below there could be hot bands in the vicinity of 885 cm−1 and 910 cm−1; (c) the possibility that the wings of the lines are super Lorentzian.","PeriodicalId":199214,"journal":{"name":"Topical Meeting on Spectroscopy in Support of Atmospheric Measurements","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129709909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Maki, W. Olson, R. Kagann, W. J. Lafferty, R. Sams, J. Wells, F. Petersen
High Resolution infrared measurements and analyses are being made on a number of molecules of significance for understanding the chemistry of the upper atmosphere. Molecules recently studied include N2O, HONO, HNO3, NO2, HOCl, OCS, SO2, and H2O2. Both a tunable diode laser system and a Fourier transform spectrometer are being used to provide frequency, intensity, and line width information.
{"title":"NBS Infrared Laboratory Measurements on Atmospheric Molecules","authors":"A. Maki, W. Olson, R. Kagann, W. J. Lafferty, R. Sams, J. Wells, F. Petersen","doi":"10.1364/sam.1980.wp6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/sam.1980.wp6","url":null,"abstract":"High Resolution infrared measurements and analyses are being made on a number of molecules of significance for understanding the chemistry of the upper atmosphere. Molecules recently studied include N2O, HONO, HNO3, NO2, HOCl, OCS, SO2, and H2O2. Both a tunable diode laser system and a Fourier transform spectrometer are being used to provide frequency, intensity, and line width information.","PeriodicalId":199214,"journal":{"name":"Topical Meeting on Spectroscopy in Support of Atmospheric Measurements","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126207460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We define a "complete" spectral map as one that contains all transitions within a given spectral region above some threshold intensity. The spectral intensity depends both upon molecular parameters (e.g., transition matrix elements) and environmental parameters (e.g., temperature and pressure).
{"title":"\"Complete\" Spectral Maps in the Millimeter and Submillimeter Spectral, Region†","authors":"P. Helminger, F. D. De Lucia","doi":"10.1364/sam.1980.wp18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/sam.1980.wp18","url":null,"abstract":"We define a \"complete\" spectral map as one that contains all transitions within a given spectral region above some threshold intensity. The spectral intensity depends both upon molecular parameters (e.g., transition matrix elements) and environmental parameters (e.g., temperature and pressure).","PeriodicalId":199214,"journal":{"name":"Topical Meeting on Spectroscopy in Support of Atmospheric Measurements","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129195006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Regular daily measurements have been made on the zenith and S.horizon spectrum of daylight since June 1977 from the Atmospheric Observatory of CRESS. The measurements are made in support of research programmes on, a) solar radiation in an urban environment, and b) quantitative diagnosis of the physical and chemical nature of urban hazes.
{"title":"Atmospheric Diagnostic Studies on the Spectrum of Daylight","authors":"R. W. Nicholls, R. Peterson, F. Bunn","doi":"10.1364/sam.1980.tup8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/sam.1980.tup8","url":null,"abstract":"Regular daily measurements have been made on the zenith and S.horizon spectrum of daylight since June 1977 from the Atmospheric Observatory of CRESS. The measurements are made in support of research programmes on, a) solar radiation in an urban environment, and b) quantitative diagnosis of the physical and chemical nature of urban hazes.","PeriodicalId":199214,"journal":{"name":"Topical Meeting on Spectroscopy in Support of Atmospheric Measurements","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123192228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Cann, R. W. Nicholls, P. L. Roney, F. D. Findlay, A. Blanchard
Accurate computation of atmospheric transmission requires the complete description of both the atmospheric path, in terms of the thermodynamic conditions, and of the spectroscopic properties of all optically active elements in the path. One of the major sources of extinction in the infrared spectral region is absorption by CO2. It has been known for many years now that the spectral line profiles for CO2 are significantly non-Lorentzian and this paper describes a method for obtaining the true line profiles from experiment and presents results for CO2 spectral lines in the 4.3 micron band.
{"title":"Spectral Line Profiles in the 4.3 Micron Band of Carbon Dioxide","authors":"M. Cann, R. W. Nicholls, P. L. Roney, F. D. Findlay, A. Blanchard","doi":"10.1364/sam.1980.wp16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/sam.1980.wp16","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate computation of atmospheric transmission requires the complete description of both the atmospheric path, in terms of the thermodynamic conditions, and of the spectroscopic properties of all optically active elements in the path. One of the major sources of extinction in the infrared spectral region is absorption by CO2. It has been known for many years now that the spectral line profiles for CO2 are significantly non-Lorentzian and this paper describes a method for obtaining the true line profiles from experiment and presents results for CO2 spectral lines in the 4.3 micron band.","PeriodicalId":199214,"journal":{"name":"Topical Meeting on Spectroscopy in Support of Atmospheric Measurements","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131762066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Since 1975, Bomem Inc. has developed a series of interferometric spectrophotometers for use on aircraft and balloon-borne platforms featuring high-resolution, dynamic alignment and real-time hard-wired numerical filtering. These instruments have been used by several groups to obtain spectroscopic observations of the atmosphere utilizing both solar absorption and emission techniques.
{"title":"Recent Progress in High-resolution Atmospheric and Laboratory-based Spectroscopic Measurements","authors":"D. Kendall, H. Buijs, G. Vail, J. Bérubé","doi":"10.1364/sam.1980.tup12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/sam.1980.tup12","url":null,"abstract":"Since 1975, Bomem Inc. has developed a series of interferometric spectrophotometers for use on aircraft and balloon-borne platforms featuring high-resolution, dynamic alignment and real-time hard-wired numerical filtering. These instruments have been used by several groups to obtain spectroscopic observations of the atmosphere utilizing both solar absorption and emission techniques.","PeriodicalId":199214,"journal":{"name":"Topical Meeting on Spectroscopy in Support of Atmospheric Measurements","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126576074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The 2.8 μm region is useful for the sounding of atmosphere pressure since it contains a number of weak and strong CO2 lines allowing a range of altitudes be sensed (1). This region has been selected for the measurement of pressure in the Halogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE, 2). To aid in the identification of spectral lines within this bandpass, we have recorded the absorption spectrum of 13CO2 in the laboratory. The data were obtained in the spectral interval 3420 to 3680 cm−1 with a vacuum grating spectrometer equipped with a 40 cm × 20 cm Harrison-ruled echelle and a 13C-enriched sample of carbon dioxide. The spectra were recorded both at room temperature and at 160°C. In the high temperature data, it was possible to observe transitions from high rotational levels and moderately high vibrational states. Measurements in this single spectral region provided information on 29 vibrational levels, 4 of which have been studied for the first time. Twenty-one bands have been identified, and about 80 percent of the 2000 lines recorded have been given assignments. The spectral resolution was about 0.03 cm−1.
{"title":"Spectrum of 13 CO 2 at 3420-3680 cm−1 (2.8 μm)","authors":"C. Rinsland, A. Baldacci, M. Smith, K. Rao","doi":"10.1364/sam.1980.wp23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1364/sam.1980.wp23","url":null,"abstract":"The 2.8 μm region is useful for the sounding of atmosphere pressure since it contains a number of weak and strong CO2 lines allowing a range of altitudes be sensed (1). This region has been selected for the measurement of pressure in the Halogen Occultation Experiment (HALOE, 2). To aid in the identification of spectral lines within this bandpass, we have recorded the absorption spectrum of 13CO2 in the laboratory. The data were obtained in the spectral interval 3420 to 3680 cm−1 with a vacuum grating spectrometer equipped with a 40 cm × 20 cm Harrison-ruled echelle and a 13C-enriched sample of carbon dioxide. The spectra were recorded both at room temperature and at 160°C. In the high temperature data, it was possible to observe transitions from high rotational levels and moderately high vibrational states. Measurements in this single spectral region provided information on 29 vibrational levels, 4 of which have been studied for the first time. Twenty-one bands have been identified, and about 80 percent of the 2000 lines recorded have been given assignments. The spectral resolution was about 0.03 cm−1.","PeriodicalId":199214,"journal":{"name":"Topical Meeting on Spectroscopy in Support of Atmospheric Measurements","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114077422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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