Pub Date : 2024-04-08DOI: 10.52419/issn2782-6252.2024.1.108
A. L. Sepp, A. V. Yashin, A. Prusakov
The material for the study was fragments of the wall of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum obtained from five piglets at the age of 41 days. The selected tissue samples were fixed during the day in a 10.0% solution of neutral formalin. Their further processing in order to obtain histological sections was carried out according to a generally accepted method. The obtained histological sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and according to Van Gieson. All morphometric data obtained were subjected to statistical processing.It was found that in the studied animals, the small intestine is arranged in accordance with the general plan of structure peculiar to mammals. Its wall is formed by the mucous membrane, submucosal base, as well as muscle and serous mem-branes. The epithelial layer of the mucous membrane of the small intestine is represented by a single-layer prismatic epithelium, which is a highly dynamic structure that quickly reacts to changing loads due to the high rate of cell renewal. The bulk of the epithelial layer is represented by edged enterocytes (about 90.0% of the entire cell population). In addition to them, goblet-shaped, endocrine, Panethovian, proliferating and stem cells take part in the formation of the epithelial lining of the small intestine.
{"title":"Features of the microstructural organization of the small intestine in weaning piglets","authors":"A. L. Sepp, A. V. Yashin, A. Prusakov","doi":"10.52419/issn2782-6252.2024.1.108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2782-6252.2024.1.108","url":null,"abstract":"The material for the study was fragments of the wall of the duodenum, jejunum and ileum obtained from five piglets at the age of 41 days. The selected tissue samples were fixed during the day in a 10.0% solution of neutral formalin. Their further processing in order to obtain histological sections was carried out according to a generally accepted method. The obtained histological sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and according to Van Gieson. All morphometric data obtained were subjected to statistical processing.It was found that in the studied animals, the small intestine is arranged in accordance with the general plan of structure peculiar to mammals. Its wall is formed by the mucous membrane, submucosal base, as well as muscle and serous mem-branes. The epithelial layer of the mucous membrane of the small intestine is represented by a single-layer prismatic epithelium, which is a highly dynamic structure that quickly reacts to changing loads due to the high rate of cell renewal. The bulk of the epithelial layer is represented by edged enterocytes (about 90.0% of the entire cell population). In addition to them, goblet-shaped, endocrine, Panethovian, proliferating and stem cells take part in the formation of the epithelial lining of the small intestine.","PeriodicalId":200544,"journal":{"name":"Legal regulation in veterinary medicine","volume":"62 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140730194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-08DOI: 10.52419/issn2782-6252.2024.1.99
D. A. Vilmis
Ophthalmopathy associated with parneoplastic syndrome is a poorly studied pathology of the dogs eye. They occur as a result of the malignant neoplasm’s systematic exposure on the animal's body. They appear in the form of non-specific clinical signs. Main objective of the study – to study the pathomorphological changes in the dog’s eyes with malignant neo-plasms. The material for the study were 30 eyeballs enucleated in dogs in the terminal stage of cancer. Autopsy material obtained from animals was subjected to standard histological processing. As a result of histological studies, pathomorphological changes in eyeball structures associated with Patnaik G2 and G3 mastocytomas (28.6% of cases), liver and kidney carcinomas (28.6%), lymphoma (28.6%) and spleen hemangiosarcoma (14.2%) were revealed in 46.7% of cases. The main histopathological changes were thickening of the iris due to inflammatory cellular infiltration (57.1%) and vasodilation of blood vessels (42.9%), the presence of fibrinous hemorrhagic exudate in the anterior chamber of the eye (28.6%), edema and inflammatory infiltration of the vascular membrane proper (42.9%), thinning, loss of layering and weak retinal atrophy (42.9%). The revealed histological changes indicate the predominant involvement in the pathological process of the vascular membrane of the eye with a violation of the hematophthalmic barrier, as the main pathogenetic mechanism for the development of endogenous uveitis against the background of malignant neoplasm in the animal body.
{"title":"Pathological characteristic of the eye changes within dogs ophthalmopathy associated with paraneoplastic syndrome","authors":"D. A. Vilmis","doi":"10.52419/issn2782-6252.2024.1.99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2782-6252.2024.1.99","url":null,"abstract":"Ophthalmopathy associated with parneoplastic syndrome is a poorly studied pathology of the dogs eye. They occur as a result of the malignant neoplasm’s systematic exposure on the animal's body. They appear in the form of non-specific clinical signs. Main objective of the study – to study the pathomorphological changes in the dog’s eyes with malignant neo-plasms. The material for the study were 30 eyeballs enucleated in dogs in the terminal stage of cancer. Autopsy material obtained from animals was subjected to standard histological processing. As a result of histological studies, pathomorphological changes in eyeball structures associated with Patnaik G2 and G3 mastocytomas (28.6% of cases), liver and kidney carcinomas (28.6%), lymphoma (28.6%) and spleen hemangiosarcoma (14.2%) were revealed in 46.7% of cases. The main histopathological changes were thickening of the iris due to inflammatory cellular infiltration (57.1%) and vasodilation of blood vessels (42.9%), the presence of fibrinous hemorrhagic exudate in the anterior chamber of the eye (28.6%), edema and inflammatory infiltration of the vascular membrane proper (42.9%), thinning, loss of layering and weak retinal atrophy (42.9%). The revealed histological changes indicate the predominant involvement in the pathological process of the vascular membrane of the eye with a violation of the hematophthalmic barrier, as the main pathogenetic mechanism for the development of endogenous uveitis against the background of malignant neoplasm in the animal body.","PeriodicalId":200544,"journal":{"name":"Legal regulation in veterinary medicine","volume":"256 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140730541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-08DOI: 10.52419/issn2782-6252.2024.1.102
L. Karpenko, A. I. Kozitsyna, A. Bakhta
Chronic liver failure is characterized by significant impairment of liver function due to exposure to a damaging factor for a long time. In cats, one of the most common liver diseases is lipidosis, or fatty liver dystrophy – a condition in which there is an excessive accumulation of fats in hepatocytes caused by a complex of metabolic disorders (for example, obesity, impaired energy metabolism). Diagnosis and prognosis of the course of liver diseases in cats can cause difficulties due to a number of factors, therefore, it is relevant to search and evaluate available and minimally invasive diagnostic methods for early detection and treatment strategy planning. Leukocyte indices can be one of these mechanisms. They can be useful in the diagnosis of liver diseases, as they reflect the degree of neuro-humoral reactivity and the body's response to various stimuli, in particular, to a decrease in detoxification function of the liver. The purpose of the presented study was to evaluate and compare the indicators of leukocyte indices in cats with chronic degenerative liver disease using the example of liver lipidosis with the corresponding indicators of clinically healthy animals. significant deviations of leukocyte indices associated with the level of lymphocytes and neutrophils were revealed, which allow a comprehensive assessment of leukogram parameters. The introduction and use of these indicators in veterinary practice will make it possible to better predict the course of the disease and better develop a treatment strategy. It should be noted that in order to more accurately determine the diagnostic significance and the possibility of determining forecasts, it is necessary to increase the number of animal samples with an assessment of indicators in dynamics.
{"title":"Leukocyte indexes for liver lipidosis in cats","authors":"L. Karpenko, A. I. Kozitsyna, A. Bakhta","doi":"10.52419/issn2782-6252.2024.1.102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2782-6252.2024.1.102","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic liver failure is characterized by significant impairment of liver function due to exposure to a damaging factor for a long time. In cats, one of the most common liver diseases is lipidosis, or fatty liver dystrophy – a condition in which there is an excessive accumulation of fats in hepatocytes caused by a complex of metabolic disorders (for example, obesity, impaired energy metabolism). Diagnosis and prognosis of the course of liver diseases in cats can cause difficulties due to a number of factors, therefore, it is relevant to search and evaluate available and minimally invasive diagnostic methods for early detection and treatment strategy planning. Leukocyte indices can be one of these mechanisms. They can be useful in the diagnosis of liver diseases, as they reflect the degree of neuro-humoral reactivity and the body's response to various stimuli, in particular, to a decrease in detoxification function of the liver. The purpose of the presented study was to evaluate and compare the indicators of leukocyte indices in cats with chronic degenerative liver disease using the example of liver lipidosis with the corresponding indicators of clinically healthy animals. significant deviations of leukocyte indices associated with the level of lymphocytes and neutrophils were revealed, which allow a comprehensive assessment of leukogram parameters. The introduction and use of these indicators in veterinary practice will make it possible to better predict the course of the disease and better develop a treatment strategy. It should be noted that in order to more accurately determine the diagnostic significance and the possibility of determining forecasts, it is necessary to increase the number of animal samples with an assessment of indicators in dynamics.","PeriodicalId":200544,"journal":{"name":"Legal regulation in veterinary medicine","volume":"182 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140731033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-08DOI: 10.52419/issn2782-6252.2024.1.113
A. Shafiev, A. A. Kudryashov, D. I. Safronov
Relevance. Previously, we conducted comparative morphometric studies of skin samples from different topographic sites in adult cows obtained in winter. At the same time, morphological features of the skin of different topographic areas were established. In this paper, the purpose of our study was to conduct comparative morphometric studies of the skin of different topographic areas in calves.Methods. Morphometric studies of histological preparations were carried out at the Department of Pathological Anatomy and Forensic Veterinary Medicine and at the Department of Biology, Ecology and Histology. Morphometric studies of histological preparations were used to study the thickness of the dermis proper, as well as bundles of collagen fibers of the mesh layer of the dermis. The research results were statistically processed using the "Biostat" program.Results. Morphological features of the skin of different topographic areas in calves have been established, manifested by different thicknesses of skin layers and bundles of collagen fibers of the dermis. The morphometry performed made it possible to supplement the data on the morphological structure of the skin of cattle and can also be used in the study of morpho- and pathogenesis of skin diseases.
{"title":"Morphometric studies of the skin of calfs","authors":"A. Shafiev, A. A. Kudryashov, D. I. Safronov","doi":"10.52419/issn2782-6252.2024.1.113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2782-6252.2024.1.113","url":null,"abstract":"Relevance. Previously, we conducted comparative morphometric studies of skin samples from different topographic sites in adult cows obtained in winter. At the same time, morphological features of the skin of different topographic areas were established. In this paper, the purpose of our study was to conduct comparative morphometric studies of the skin of different topographic areas in calves.Methods. Morphometric studies of histological preparations were carried out at the Department of Pathological Anatomy and Forensic Veterinary Medicine and at the Department of Biology, Ecology and Histology. Morphometric studies of histological preparations were used to study the thickness of the dermis proper, as well as bundles of collagen fibers of the mesh layer of the dermis. The research results were statistically processed using the \"Biostat\" program.Results. Morphological features of the skin of different topographic areas in calves have been established, manifested by different thicknesses of skin layers and bundles of collagen fibers of the dermis. The morphometry performed made it possible to supplement the data on the morphological structure of the skin of cattle and can also be used in the study of morpho- and pathogenesis of skin diseases.","PeriodicalId":200544,"journal":{"name":"Legal regulation in veterinary medicine","volume":"23 30","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140732645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-08DOI: 10.52419/issn2782-6252.2024.1.116
V. I. Kolesnikov
The first measures of state power to prevent epizootics in Russia are considered; the regulatory legal acts issued at the end of the 17th - 18th centuries, regulating sanitary and quarantine measures, are analyzed; previously unpublished legal acts of the Russian state on combating animal diseases are published.
{"title":"“Konoval’naya Nauka” as cases of ancient veterinary science in the first legislative acts of Russia","authors":"V. I. Kolesnikov","doi":"10.52419/issn2782-6252.2024.1.116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2782-6252.2024.1.116","url":null,"abstract":"The first measures of state power to prevent epizootics in Russia are considered; the regulatory legal acts issued at the end of the 17th - 18th centuries, regulating sanitary and quarantine measures, are analyzed; previously unpublished legal acts of the Russian state on combating animal diseases are published.","PeriodicalId":200544,"journal":{"name":"Legal regulation in veterinary medicine","volume":"129 S202","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140731511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-08DOI: 10.52419/issn2782-6252.2024.1.118
V. I. Kolesnikov
The article is devoted to epizootics of anthrax, which has been known to mankind since ancient times and caused enormous damage, causing death of animals and people. Russian chronicle sources, starting from the 10th century, testify about devastating epidemics, the nature of which was unknown at that time. Scientists first discovered anthrax bacilli in the blood of sick animals in 1855 and proved their role in causing the disease in different species of animals and humans. The research of Lev Semyonovich Tsenkovsky on obtaining the first Russian anthrax vaccine and his work on developing the foundations of bacteriology in Russia are discussed.
{"title":"Creation of the first Russian Anthrax vaccine: the phenomenon of the professor of botany L.S. Tsenkovsky","authors":"V. I. Kolesnikov","doi":"10.52419/issn2782-6252.2024.1.118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2782-6252.2024.1.118","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to epizootics of anthrax, which has been known to mankind since ancient times and caused enormous damage, causing death of animals and people. Russian chronicle sources, starting from the 10th century, testify about devastating epidemics, the nature of which was unknown at that time. Scientists first discovered anthrax bacilli in the blood of sick animals in 1855 and proved their role in causing the disease in different species of animals and humans. The research of Lev Semyonovich Tsenkovsky on obtaining the first Russian anthrax vaccine and his work on developing the foundations of bacteriology in Russia are discussed.","PeriodicalId":200544,"journal":{"name":"Legal regulation in veterinary medicine","volume":"183 1‐6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140731003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-07DOI: 10.52419/issn2782-6252.2024.1.91
I. V. Knysh, J. R. Safiulova, S. Safronov
Chicken egg is a valuable dietary product and is often included in the daily human diet. In recent years, the demand of the population of our country for chicken eggs has increased and the requirements for the quality of table eggs of different categories have increased. In the trade network of St. Petersburg sells chicken table eggs of commodity categories of different manufacturers, among which quite often there is an egg, which by some indicators does not meet the requirements of regulatory documents. In this connection, a comparative analysis of commodity properties of hen's eggs of large poultry farms of the Leningrad region, selling their products in different retail chains of St. Petersburg was carried out. For the study was selected 10 packages of table chicken eggs 10 pieces per package of the following categories: selected, 1 and 2. Comparative analysis of eggs was carried out by their weight (one and ten pieces), presence of contamination, defects of egg shell and its integrity (fight), calculated shape index.According to the conducted research it was established that the greatest deviations from the requirements of GOST on the weight of eggs and the presence of defects were established in the batch of eggs of the enterprise №1, sold in the retail network "Lenta". The analysis of the weight of eggs of all categories of poultry enterprise No. 2 corresponds to the permissible limit of GOST. In spite of single cases of non-compliance of egg weight to the trade categories indicated on the pack-age, the weight of 10 pcs. corresponded to the GOST requirements. According to the data of the conducted research it is established that the greatest deviations from the requirements of GOST on egg weight and the presence of defects were established in the batch of eggs of enterprise No.1, sold in the retail network "Lenta". The analysis of the weight of eggs of all categories of poultry enterprise No. 2 corresponds to the permissible limit of GOST. In spite of single cases of non-compliance of egg weight to the trade categories indicated on the pack-age, the weight of 10 pcs. corresponded to the GOST requirements. The table eggs produced by enterprise No.1 are sold in the trade network "Lenta" and "Magnit" with signs of contami-nation (31-36%) and breakage (3-9%), as well as with shell defects. (3-9%). For poultry farm No.2 the noted defects made up 17-22%, 1-6% and 1-4% respectively. Enterprise No.1 sells table eggs of different shapes with insignificant deviations from the recommended norm with egg shape index of 72-80%. At enterprise No.2 this index was 77-80%. That fully meets the normative requirements. It was found that eggs of category C2 of both producers to a greater extent met the requirements of normative documents and can be recommended to consumers of St. Petersburg.
{"title":"Comparative analysis of the commodity properties and quality of chicken eggs from different poultry farms sold in the St. Petersburg retail chain","authors":"I. V. Knysh, J. R. Safiulova, S. Safronov","doi":"10.52419/issn2782-6252.2024.1.91","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2782-6252.2024.1.91","url":null,"abstract":"Chicken egg is a valuable dietary product and is often included in the daily human diet. In recent years, the demand of the population of our country for chicken eggs has increased and the requirements for the quality of table eggs of different categories have increased. In the trade network of St. Petersburg sells chicken table eggs of commodity categories of different manufacturers, among which quite often there is an egg, which by some indicators does not meet the requirements of regulatory documents. In this connection, a comparative analysis of commodity properties of hen's eggs of large poultry farms of the Leningrad region, selling their products in different retail chains of St. Petersburg was carried out. For the study was selected 10 packages of table chicken eggs 10 pieces per package of the following categories: selected, 1 and 2. Comparative analysis of eggs was carried out by their weight (one and ten pieces), presence of contamination, defects of egg shell and its integrity (fight), calculated shape index.According to the conducted research it was established that the greatest deviations from the requirements of GOST on the weight of eggs and the presence of defects were established in the batch of eggs of the enterprise №1, sold in the retail network \"Lenta\". The analysis of the weight of eggs of all categories of poultry enterprise No. 2 corresponds to the permissible limit of GOST. In spite of single cases of non-compliance of egg weight to the trade categories indicated on the pack-age, the weight of 10 pcs. corresponded to the GOST requirements. According to the data of the conducted research it is established that the greatest deviations from the requirements of GOST on egg weight and the presence of defects were established in the batch of eggs of enterprise No.1, sold in the retail network \"Lenta\". The analysis of the weight of eggs of all categories of poultry enterprise No. 2 corresponds to the permissible limit of GOST. In spite of single cases of non-compliance of egg weight to the trade categories indicated on the pack-age, the weight of 10 pcs. corresponded to the GOST requirements. The table eggs produced by enterprise No.1 are sold in the trade network \"Lenta\" and \"Magnit\" with signs of contami-nation (31-36%) and breakage (3-9%), as well as with shell defects. (3-9%). For poultry farm No.2 the noted defects made up 17-22%, 1-6% and 1-4% respectively. Enterprise No.1 sells table eggs of different shapes with insignificant deviations from the recommended norm with egg shape index of 72-80%. At enterprise No.2 this index was 77-80%. That fully meets the normative requirements. It was found that eggs of category C2 of both producers to a greater extent met the requirements of normative documents and can be recommended to consumers of St. Petersburg.","PeriodicalId":200544,"journal":{"name":"Legal regulation in veterinary medicine","volume":"52 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140733421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-07DOI: 10.52419/issn2782-6252.2024.1.72
L. I. Sabirzyanova, A. Lunegov, G. V. Konovalova, V. V. Tokar
L-carnitine is a vitamin-like substance that plays an important role in the transport of fatty acids and their further use as an energy source. Most studies have identified beneficial effects of using L-carnitine for preventive and therapeutic purposes. The series of publications reviewed is devoted to the study of the results of the use of L-carnitine in metabolic disorders, diseases of various organs, organ systems, the central nervous system, as well as to elucidate the possible reasons for the decrease in the level of L-carnitine in the body. To date, L-carnitine is used in the Russian Federation only in the form of a feed additive; the purpose of our study was to study L-carnitine in the form of an injection solution. Toxicity studies were conducted on outbred rats in October 2021 in the vivarium of the St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine. The study involved females weighing 190-210 grams. When studying subchronic toxicity when administered intra-muscularly, L-carnitine was administered at 2 dose levels. 1/5 and 1/10 of the maximum tolerated dose in acute toxicity studies. In this regard, three groups of animals were formed. The first experimental group (n=10) was administered the drug intramuscularly at a dose of 0.08 mg/kg, the second group (n=10) at a dose of 0.04 mg/kg. The control group (n=10) was intramuscularly injected with a 0.09% sodium chloride solution at a dose of 0.08 mg/kg. The study was carried out over 42 days. Biological material samples were taken from 5 animals from each group the next day after the end of the drug administration (day 43), and 10 days after the last drug administration (day 53). The results of the study showed that dosages of 1/5 and 1/10 of the maximum tolerated do not cause external signs of toxicosis and death in rats. No significant changes were found in the biochemical parameters of the blood of animals in the experimental and control groups.
{"title":"The effect of the drug L-carnitine when administered intramuscularly on the blood parameters of rats","authors":"L. I. Sabirzyanova, A. Lunegov, G. V. Konovalova, V. V. Tokar","doi":"10.52419/issn2782-6252.2024.1.72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52419/issn2782-6252.2024.1.72","url":null,"abstract":"L-carnitine is a vitamin-like substance that plays an important role in the transport of fatty acids and their further use as an energy source. Most studies have identified beneficial effects of using L-carnitine for preventive and therapeutic purposes. The series of publications reviewed is devoted to the study of the results of the use of L-carnitine in metabolic disorders, diseases of various organs, organ systems, the central nervous system, as well as to elucidate the possible reasons for the decrease in the level of L-carnitine in the body. To date, L-carnitine is used in the Russian Federation only in the form of a feed additive; the purpose of our study was to study L-carnitine in the form of an injection solution. Toxicity studies were conducted on outbred rats in October 2021 in the vivarium of the St. Petersburg State University of Veterinary Medicine. The study involved females weighing 190-210 grams. When studying subchronic toxicity when administered intra-muscularly, L-carnitine was administered at 2 dose levels. 1/5 and 1/10 of the maximum tolerated dose in acute toxicity studies. In this regard, three groups of animals were formed. The first experimental group (n=10) was administered the drug intramuscularly at a dose of 0.08 mg/kg, the second group (n=10) at a dose of 0.04 mg/kg. The control group (n=10) was intramuscularly injected with a 0.09% sodium chloride solution at a dose of 0.08 mg/kg. The study was carried out over 42 days. Biological material samples were taken from 5 animals from each group the next day after the end of the drug administration (day 43), and 10 days after the last drug administration (day 53). The results of the study showed that dosages of 1/5 and 1/10 of the maximum tolerated do not cause external signs of toxicosis and death in rats. No significant changes were found in the biochemical parameters of the blood of animals in the experimental and control groups.","PeriodicalId":200544,"journal":{"name":"Legal regulation in veterinary medicine","volume":"10 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140732743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-07DOI: 10.52419/issn2782-6252.2024.1.81
N. Dmitriev, V. Salautin, N. A. Pudovkin, S. Salautina
The introduction of new technologies for keeping and feeding poultry, shortening the growing time of modern poultry crosses, often lead to various stress conditions, which makes them highly sensitive to diseases of various etiologies, due to an insufficiently formed immune system. In most cases, this manifests itself in the form of gastrointestinal diseases and, as a result, an increase in poultry mortality. Currently, this problem is being solved by introducing feed additives into diets that contribute to increasing natural resistance and positively affect metabolic processes in general. One of these is the feed additive Reasil® Humic Health, which improves the condition of the digestive tract, which directly affects the acceleration of growth and development of the body, an increase in average daily weight gain, and obtaining safe meat products from broilers.The object of the study was a control and experimental group of 21-day-old Cobb-500 cross broilers, with 18,000 heads each. The broilers of the control group received the basic diet. In addition, Reasil® Humic Health feed additive at a dose of 2 g/ kg of feed was included in the main diet of the poultry of the experimental group. The selection of poultry for control slaughter at the ages of 22, 36 and 41 days, 60 individuals from each group, was carried out by random sampling. Thus, it can be concluded that Reasil® Human Health had a positive effect on the dynamics of weight and organometric parameters in broilers of the experimental group: the mass of the muscular stomach - by 11.4%, intestines - by 12% and liver - by 8% was higher compared with intact poultry.
家禽饲养和喂养新技术的引入缩短了现代家禽杂交的生长时间，往往会导致各种应激情况的出现，这使得家禽由于免疫系统未充分形成而对各种病因引起的疾病高度敏感。在大多数情况下，这表现为肠胃疾病，从而导致家禽死亡率上升。目前，这一问题正通过在日粮中添加饲料添加剂来解决，这些添加剂有助于提高自然抵抗力，并对整个新陈代谢过程产生积极影响。其中一种是饲料添加剂 Reasil® Humic Health，它能改善消化道的状况，直接影响机体生长发育的加速、平均日增重的提高以及肉鸡安全肉制品的获得。对照组的肉鸡食用基本日粮。此外，实验组家禽的主食中还添加了剂量为每公斤饲料 2 克的 Reasil® Humic Health 饲料添加剂。对照组家禽在 22、36 和 41 日龄屠宰，每组 60 只，采用随机抽样的方式。因此，可以得出结论，Reasil® Human Health 对实验组肉鸡的体重和器官测量参数的动态变化有积极影响：与完整家禽相比，肌肉胃的质量增加了 11.4%，肠的质量增加了 12%，肝脏的质量增加了 8%。
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Pub Date : 2024-04-07DOI: 10.52419/issn2782-6252.2024.1.76
O. A. Tokareva
The purpose of our research was to study the effect of Tildox AVZ on rat blood counts in a subchronic experiment. Tildox is a complex antibiotic in powder form. One gram of drug contains doxycycline hyclate – 100 mg and tylosin tartrate - 100 mg as active ingredients, sodium benzoate and sucrose as auxiliary substances. The experiment lasted 90 days. The study was conducted on 150 Wistar rats (75 males and 75 females). The body weight of the animals was 190-230 g. During the experiment 5 groups of 30 animals (15 males and 15 females) were formed, three of them were experimental groups, one - control and one – intact. Of the 150 rats involved in the experiment after its completion 100 individuals (50 males and 50 females) were killed for pathomorphological studies of internal organs.To identify the ability to recover and the appearance of resistance to toxic effects the remaining 50 animals (5 males and 5 females from each group) were monitored for 28 days after the experiment.An aqueous solution of the test sample of the drug was administered daily intragastrically using an atraumatic metal probe. The drug was administered to the first experimental group at a dose of 70 mg / kg, the second group - 265 mg / kg, the third group - at a dose of 1000 mg / kg of animal body weight. The control group was in equal conditions and received intragastric saline solution. Intact animals served as a reference. It was found that Tildox AVZ administered intragastrically at doses of 265 and 1000 mg / kg 1 time per day for 90 days has an effect on clinical and biochemical blood parameters. The drug administered at a dose of 70 mg / kg does not cause changes in blood parameters. However when examining the blood of rats 28 days after the recovery period there were no significant changes in clinical and biochemical parameters compared with the control and intact groups.From this it can be concluded that all blood changes had a dose-dependent effect and after stopping the use of the drug the body recovered which indicates the reversibility of the caused shifts in the blood picture.
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