Pub Date : 2023-04-25DOI: 10.56501/intjorofacbiol.v7i1.814
Vanishree Murugavel, Sunderesh kamal Chander, Sonti Sulochana
Craniopharyngioma is a rare tumor arising from squamous rests located at any point along the invagination of the primitive stomodeum, Rathke’s pouch, from the nasopharynx to the hypothalamus. 1 There are two peaks in the occurrence of adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma, one in the first to second decade and the other in the fifth decade. They are generally sporadic and their molecular pathogenesis is poorly defined. There are two clinicopathological forms of craniopharyngiomas-papillary squamous type, and adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma. The classical adamantinomatous variant, which affects people of all ages consists of palisading columnar cells that look like ameloblast of embryonic tooth buds. It has poor prognosis when compared to papillary craniopharyngioma. It has an underlying mutation in β-catenin and translocation of the protein to the nucleus, which can be demonstrated by immunohistochemistry.
{"title":"Adamantinomatous Craniopharyngioma-A rare Tumor arising from remnant of Rathkes pouch","authors":"Vanishree Murugavel, Sunderesh kamal Chander, Sonti Sulochana","doi":"10.56501/intjorofacbiol.v7i1.814","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56501/intjorofacbiol.v7i1.814","url":null,"abstract":"Craniopharyngioma is a rare tumor arising from squamous rests located at any point along the invagination of the primitive stomodeum, Rathke’s pouch, from the nasopharynx to the hypothalamus. 1 There are two peaks in the occurrence of adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma, one in the first to second decade and the other in the fifth decade. They are generally sporadic and their molecular pathogenesis is poorly defined. There are two clinicopathological forms of craniopharyngiomas-papillary squamous type, and adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma. The classical adamantinomatous variant, which affects people of all ages consists of palisading columnar cells that look like ameloblast of embryonic tooth buds. It has poor prognosis when compared to papillary craniopharyngioma. It has an underlying mutation in β-catenin and translocation of the protein to the nucleus, which can be demonstrated by immunohistochemistry.","PeriodicalId":201432,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Orofacial Biology","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117153831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-03-17DOI: 10.56501/intjorofacbiol.v7i1.799
Shivani Sakthivel
Pathogenesis refers to the process through which a disease or illness develops. The majority of infections are caused by a number of microbial species. The average human body contains 10 trillion human cells that include approximately 100 trillion bacteria and other microorganisms. Humans and their naturally occurring microflora have a tangled mutually beneficial symbiotic interaction that is essential for optimal health. Millions of genes of microflora of the human body not only aid in normal human metabolic process but also cause opportunistic infections. The pathogenic microorganisms may be bacteria, virus, or fungi. This article summarizes the general paradigm of microbial disease pathogenesis.
{"title":"Pathogenesis of Microbial Disease","authors":"Shivani Sakthivel","doi":"10.56501/intjorofacbiol.v7i1.799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56501/intjorofacbiol.v7i1.799","url":null,"abstract":"Pathogenesis refers to the process through which a disease or illness develops. The majority of infections are caused by a number of microbial species. The average human body contains 10 trillion human cells that include approximately 100 trillion bacteria and other microorganisms. Humans and their naturally occurring microflora have a tangled mutually beneficial symbiotic interaction that is essential for optimal health. Millions of genes of microflora of the human body not only aid in normal human metabolic process but also cause opportunistic infections. The pathogenic microorganisms may be bacteria, virus, or fungi. This article summarizes the general paradigm of microbial disease pathogenesis. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":201432,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Orofacial Biology","volume":"164 12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127526709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-14DOI: 10.56501/intjorofacbiol.v7i1.744
Maheswari Elumalai
Candida species constitute a part of the human oral commensal flora in 2 to 71 percent of healthy subjects. Several previous studies have reported that tobacco smoking, either alone or in combination with other systemic or local factors, is associated with increased oral candidal colonization or with the development of oral candidosis. It has been suggested that cigarette smoking might lead to localized epithelial alterations allowing candidal colonization. Cigarette smoke may also provide nutrition for candida albicans. Theories offer partial explanations why smokers may be more prone to candidal leukoplakia with higher potential for malignant changes than other leukoplakias. Aim of the study was to assess and compare the quantitative oral colonization of Candida species between a group of tobacco smokers and smokeless form of tobacco users
{"title":"Association Between Smoking and Smokeless from of Tobacco With candida Species in The Oral Cavity.","authors":"Maheswari Elumalai","doi":"10.56501/intjorofacbiol.v7i1.744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56501/intjorofacbiol.v7i1.744","url":null,"abstract":"Candida species constitute a part of the human oral commensal flora in 2 to 71 percent of healthy subjects. Several previous studies have reported that tobacco smoking, either alone or in combination with other systemic or local factors, is associated with increased oral candidal colonization or with the development of oral candidosis. It has been suggested that cigarette smoking might lead to localized epithelial alterations allowing candidal colonization. Cigarette smoke may also provide nutrition for candida albicans. Theories offer partial explanations why smokers may be more prone to candidal leukoplakia with higher potential for malignant changes than other leukoplakias. Aim of the study was to assess and compare the quantitative oral colonization of Candida species between a group of tobacco smokers and smokeless form of tobacco users ","PeriodicalId":201432,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Orofacial Biology","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133346194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-27DOI: 10.56501/intjorofacbiol.v7i1.743
Subashini V
Among neoplasia of head and neck, Salivary gland tumours are rare and it comprises about less than 3%.Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common benign tumour of all salivary gland tumours, which is so called mixed tumour due its wide cyto-morphological and architectural diversity. In this case report we are presenting a case of pleomorphic adenoma of buccal mucosa in a 56 year old male patient who reported to our department with complaint of pain less swelling in the left side cheek region since two years.
{"title":"Pleomorphic Adenoma-a Case Report","authors":"Subashini V","doi":"10.56501/intjorofacbiol.v7i1.743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56501/intjorofacbiol.v7i1.743","url":null,"abstract":"Among neoplasia of head and neck, Salivary gland tumours are rare and it comprises about less than 3%.Pleomorphic adenoma is the most common benign tumour of all salivary gland tumours, which is so called mixed tumour due its wide cyto-morphological and architectural diversity. In this case report we are presenting a case of pleomorphic adenoma of buccal mucosa in a 56 year old male patient who reported to our department with complaint of pain less swelling in the left side cheek region since two years.","PeriodicalId":201432,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Orofacial Biology","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132508542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-12DOI: 10.56501/intjorofacbiol.v6i2.617
Sunderesh kamal Chander, Vanishree M, Sonti Sulochana, Muthuvel Esakki
Extramedullary plasmacytoma is a rare neoplasm characterized by monoclonal proliferation of plasma cells and accounts for about 3 - 5% of all plasma cell neoplasms including bone and extramedullary tumors. Extramedullary Plasmacytomas are more predominant in males who are in the 5th – 6th decade. It is most often located in the head and neck region. It usually affects upper respiratory tract 80% cases and 15% spread to cervical lymph nodes. They usually present as rhinorrhea, epistaxis and nasal obstruction. Approximately 15% progress to myeloma and 25% have local recurrence, may spread to regional lymph nodes or metastasize to distant sites.
{"title":"Extra medullary Plasmacytoma of nasal cavity- A rare case report","authors":"Sunderesh kamal Chander, Vanishree M, Sonti Sulochana, Muthuvel Esakki","doi":"10.56501/intjorofacbiol.v6i2.617","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56501/intjorofacbiol.v6i2.617","url":null,"abstract":"Extramedullary plasmacytoma is a rare neoplasm characterized by monoclonal proliferation of plasma cells and accounts for about 3 - 5% of all plasma cell neoplasms including bone and extramedullary tumors. Extramedullary Plasmacytomas are more predominant in males who are in the 5th – 6th decade. It is most often located in the head and neck region. It usually affects upper respiratory tract 80% cases and 15% spread to cervical lymph nodes. They usually present as rhinorrhea, epistaxis and nasal obstruction. Approximately 15% progress to myeloma and 25% have local recurrence, may spread to regional lymph nodes or metastasize to distant sites.","PeriodicalId":201432,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Orofacial Biology","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127132796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-08-29DOI: 10.56501/intjorofacbiol.v6i2.615
Vanishree Murugavel, Sunderesh kamal Chander, Sonti Sulochana
Ameloblastoma is the most common among the epithelial odontogenic tumors, but it is still comparatively rare, comprising approximately 1% of tumors and cysts arising from the jaw. It appears most commonly in the third to fifth decades, but it has also been described in children. No gender or racial preference has been noted. More than 80% occur in the mandible, with 70% of these arising in the molar–ramus area.
{"title":"Unicystic Plexiform Ameloblastoma of mandible-A rare case entity","authors":"Vanishree Murugavel, Sunderesh kamal Chander, Sonti Sulochana","doi":"10.56501/intjorofacbiol.v6i2.615","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56501/intjorofacbiol.v6i2.615","url":null,"abstract":"Ameloblastoma is the most common among the epithelial odontogenic tumors, but it is still comparatively rare, comprising approximately 1% of tumors and cysts arising from the jaw. It appears most commonly in the third to fifth decades, but it has also been described in children. No gender or racial preference has been noted. More than 80% occur in the mandible, with 70% of these arising in the molar–ramus area.","PeriodicalId":201432,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Orofacial Biology","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126076296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-20DOI: 10.56501/intjorofacbiol.v6i2.594
Sunderesh kamal Chander, Preethy R, Sridevi. M, Yogalakshmi .E
Concurrent infection by dengue and filaria with in a single individual is rarely known. This type of case can present with a very challenging clinical profile to Clinicians and Hematologist. Filarial co-infection can be a risk factor of severity in dengue infection. Filaria is chronic infection while dengue is an acute infection. Filarial infection is endemic in the tropical regions and a public health problem in Africa, Asia. Co-infection with filarial nematodes, if unrecognized, can result in untoward therapeutic consequences. Both Infection is transmitted by mosquito vectors (Culex, Anopheles, Aedes and Mansonia species) and humans are the definitive host. We report a case of co-infection of Wuchereria bancrofti and Dengue, which was diagnosed by peripheral blood smear examination (W. Bancrofti) and NS 1 antigen positivity (Dengue). We present here a case of 20-year-old male with dengue and microfilaria co-infection with bilateral hydrocele.
{"title":"Asymptomatic Wuchereria Bancrofti Filariasis Discovered from a Dengue Positive Patient: A Case Report from Tamil Nadu","authors":"Sunderesh kamal Chander, Preethy R, Sridevi. M, Yogalakshmi .E","doi":"10.56501/intjorofacbiol.v6i2.594","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56501/intjorofacbiol.v6i2.594","url":null,"abstract":"Concurrent infection by dengue and filaria with in a single individual is rarely known. This type of case can present with a very challenging clinical profile to Clinicians and Hematologist. Filarial co-infection can be a risk factor of severity in dengue infection. Filaria is chronic infection while dengue is an acute infection. Filarial infection is endemic in the tropical regions and a public health problem in Africa, Asia. Co-infection with filarial nematodes, if unrecognized, can result in untoward therapeutic consequences. Both Infection is transmitted by mosquito vectors (Culex, Anopheles, Aedes and Mansonia species) and humans are the definitive host. We report a case of co-infection of Wuchereria bancrofti and Dengue, which was diagnosed by peripheral blood smear examination (W. Bancrofti) and NS 1 antigen positivity (Dengue). We present here a case of 20-year-old male with dengue and microfilaria co-infection with bilateral hydrocele.","PeriodicalId":201432,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Orofacial Biology","volume":"363 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114528245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The extraction of impacted 3rd molar is most frequently performed surgery now-a-days as it can lead to infections, cysts, tumors, neuralgiform pain, and disturbances of occlusion, masticatory dysfunctions and myoarthropathies. Damage to inferior alveolar nerve leads to impairment of sensation in the lower lip, which is most unpleasant postoperative complication. For surgical removal of impacted mandibular molars, relative position of inferior alveolar nerve with mandibular 3rd molar is of utmost importance. There are number of positions in which inferior alveolar nerve is located in relation to impacted 3rd molar which, either in a direct contact with the 3rd molar or has no contact at all. While performing surgical procedures in the vicinity of 3rd molar, Inferior Alveolar Nerve can be damaged but with high expertise and precision the operator can spare the nerve without any injury. In this case report, we discuss about the surgical management of a case with bilateral impacted 38, 47, near the Inferior alveolar nerve to avoid paraesthesis of lip.
{"title":"Surgical Management of Impacted Bilateral Mandibular Molars Adjacent to Inferior Alveolar Nerve to Avoid Paresthesia of Lower Lip","authors":"Sanjay Talnia, Sandeep Singh Sihmar, Shalini Rathi, Apeksha Raina","doi":"10.56501/intjorofacbiol.v6i1.537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56501/intjorofacbiol.v6i1.537","url":null,"abstract":"The extraction of impacted 3rd molar is most frequently performed surgery now-a-days as it can lead to infections, cysts, tumors, neuralgiform pain, and disturbances of occlusion, masticatory dysfunctions and myoarthropathies. Damage to inferior alveolar nerve leads to impairment of sensation in the lower lip, which is most unpleasant postoperative complication. For surgical removal of impacted mandibular molars, relative position of inferior alveolar nerve with mandibular 3rd molar is of utmost importance. There are number of positions in which inferior alveolar nerve is located in relation to impacted 3rd molar which, either in a direct contact with the 3rd molar or has no contact at all. While performing surgical procedures in the vicinity of 3rd molar, Inferior Alveolar Nerve can be damaged but with high expertise and precision the operator can spare the nerve without any injury. In this case report, we discuss about the surgical management of a case with bilateral impacted 38, 47, near the Inferior alveolar nerve to avoid paraesthesis of lip.","PeriodicalId":201432,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Orofacial Biology","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124539736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-10DOI: 10.56501/intjorofacbiol.v6i1.161
Moganapriya Nedumaran, Ramya Suresh
Anthropology is a branch of science that studies human behavior, biology, cultures, communities, and linguistics in the present and past, including past human species. Cultural anthropology explores cultural meaning, including norms and values, while social anthropology studies patterns of behavior. Linguistic anthropology is the study of how language affects social behavior. Biological or physical anthropology is the study of humans' biological development. Archaeological anthropology, also known as 'past anthropology,' is the study of human activities via the examination of physical evidence.
{"title":"ANTHROPOLOGY- AN OVERVIEW","authors":"Moganapriya Nedumaran, Ramya Suresh","doi":"10.56501/intjorofacbiol.v6i1.161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56501/intjorofacbiol.v6i1.161","url":null,"abstract":"Anthropology is a branch of science that studies human behavior, biology, cultures, communities, and linguistics in the present and past, including past human species. Cultural anthropology explores cultural meaning, including norms and values, while social anthropology studies patterns of behavior. Linguistic anthropology is the study of how language affects social behavior. Biological or physical anthropology is the study of humans' biological development. Archaeological anthropology, also known as 'past anthropology,' is the study of human activities via the examination of physical evidence.","PeriodicalId":201432,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Orofacial Biology","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114464725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-10DOI: 10.56501/intjorofacbiol.v6i1.167
Mithra swornappan, Shivani Sivasakthivel
Dental infections can be caused by dental caries, pulpal necrosis, trauma, and periodontal disorders, and they can have serious effects that impact both the soft and hard tissues of the oral cavity. Pain, fever, and edema are frequent signs of dental infections. Early treatment of infected teeth includes surgical and endodontic procedures, followed by antibiotic medication. Antibiotics are used to treat odontogenic infections, oral non-odontogenic infections, as well as to prevent local infection and spread to nearby tissues and organs. Furthermore, overprescribing antibiotics can have major consequences, including bacterial resistance, gastrointestinal and hematological disorders, and bacterial microbiota diversion. The purpose of this study is to outline the reasons for antibiotic therapy in dentistry and to highlight the most often used antibiotics in dental practice.
{"title":"SUMMARIZING ANTIBIOTICS IN DENTISTRY","authors":"Mithra swornappan, Shivani Sivasakthivel","doi":"10.56501/intjorofacbiol.v6i1.167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56501/intjorofacbiol.v6i1.167","url":null,"abstract":"Dental infections can be caused by dental caries, pulpal necrosis, trauma, and periodontal disorders, and they can have serious effects that impact both the soft and hard tissues of the oral cavity. Pain, fever, and edema are frequent signs of dental infections. Early treatment of infected teeth includes surgical and endodontic procedures, followed by antibiotic medication. Antibiotics are used to treat odontogenic infections, oral non-odontogenic infections, as well as to prevent local infection and spread to nearby tissues and organs. Furthermore, overprescribing antibiotics can have major consequences, including bacterial resistance, gastrointestinal and hematological disorders, and bacterial microbiota diversion. The purpose of this study is to outline the reasons for antibiotic therapy in dentistry and to highlight the most often used antibiotics in dental practice.","PeriodicalId":201432,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Orofacial Biology","volume":"82 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126263947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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