P. Pashkovskiy, V. Kreslavski, A. Khudyakova, A. Kosobryukhov, V. Kuznetsov, S. Allakhverdiev
Abbreviations : BL – blue light; CRY– cryptochrome; HY5 – elongated hypocotyl 5; miR, miRNA – mature microRNA; MIR – microRNA gene; PA – photosynthetic apparatus; PHY – phytochrome; RL – red light; TF – transcription factor; WL – white light. Acknowledgements : This work and Fig. 1S ( supplement ) were financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation No. 122042700044-6 and No. 122050400128-1, respectively. Data of photosynthetic rates and fluorescent parameters were obtained with the financial support of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (No. 122041100071-1, 122050400128-1), with partial financial support from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (No. 20-04-00512). Conflict of interest : The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. Light-induced changes in miRNAs, morphogenesis, and photosynthetic processes in phytochrome-deficient mutant plants grown under different light qualities were studied. miRNA activity in many processes is regulated by phytochromes and phytochrome-interacting factors (PIFs). The reduced content of photoreceptors in phytochrome mutants affects the PIF–microRNA interaction. In plants grown under red light (RL) and white light (WL), the phenotype of phyb mutant was distorted; however, under blue light (BL) conditions, the phyb phenotype was normalized. The photosynthetic rates of both the mutants and wild type were higher under BL than under RL and WL. The expression of most studied miRNAs increased in phyaphyb mutants under BL conditions, which is probably one of the reasons for the normalization of the phenotype, the increase in PSII activity, and the photosynthetic rate. MicroRNAs under BL can partially improve photosynthesis and phenotype of the mutants, which indicates the conjugation of the functioning of phytochromes in miRNA formation.
{"title":"Influence of phytochromes on microRNA expression, phenotype, and photosynthetic activity in A. thaliana phy mutants under light with different spectral composition","authors":"P. Pashkovskiy, V. Kreslavski, A. Khudyakova, A. Kosobryukhov, V. Kuznetsov, S. Allakhverdiev","doi":"10.32615/ps.2022.036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32615/ps.2022.036","url":null,"abstract":"Abbreviations : BL – blue light; CRY– cryptochrome; HY5 – elongated hypocotyl 5; miR, miRNA – mature microRNA; MIR – microRNA gene; PA – photosynthetic apparatus; PHY – phytochrome; RL – red light; TF – transcription factor; WL – white light. Acknowledgements : This work and Fig. 1S ( supplement ) were financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation No. 122042700044-6 and No. 122050400128-1, respectively. Data of photosynthetic rates and fluorescent parameters were obtained with the financial support of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (No. 122041100071-1, 122050400128-1), with partial financial support from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (No. 20-04-00512). Conflict of interest : The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. Light-induced changes in miRNAs, morphogenesis, and photosynthetic processes in phytochrome-deficient mutant plants grown under different light qualities were studied. miRNA activity in many processes is regulated by phytochromes and phytochrome-interacting factors (PIFs). The reduced content of photoreceptors in phytochrome mutants affects the PIF–microRNA interaction. In plants grown under red light (RL) and white light (WL), the phenotype of phyb mutant was distorted; however, under blue light (BL) conditions, the phyb phenotype was normalized. The photosynthetic rates of both the mutants and wild type were higher under BL than under RL and WL. The expression of most studied miRNAs increased in phyaphyb mutants under BL conditions, which is probably one of the reasons for the normalization of the phenotype, the increase in PSII activity, and the photosynthetic rate. MicroRNAs under BL can partially improve photosynthesis and phenotype of the mutants, which indicates the conjugation of the functioning of phytochromes in miRNA formation.","PeriodicalId":20157,"journal":{"name":"Photosynthetica","volume":"198 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73668690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
APX – ascorbate peroxidase; Car – carotenoids; CAT – catalase; Cu/ZnSOD – copper/zinc superoxide dismutase; DAA – day after anthesis; DHAR – dehydroascorbate reductase; DI 0 /CS – dissipated energy flux per cross-section; ET 0 /CS – electron transport flux per cross-section; F v /F m – maximal quantum yield of PSII photochemistry; GR – glutathione reductase; LAI – leaf area index; MDA – malondialdehyde; MDAR – monodehydroascorbate reductase; MnSOD – manganese superoxide dismutase; PI – performance index; POD – peroxidase; qPCR – quantitative polymerase chain reaction; RC/CS m – density of reaction center per excited cross-section; Rht – reduced height gene; RUE – radiation-use efficiency; SAG – senescence-associated gene; TCA – trichloroacetic acid; TR 0 /CS – trapped energy flux per cross-section. Acknowledgments : This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31872863) and the National Key Basic Research Program of China (2015CB150106). Conflict of interest : The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. Semidwarf wheat contributes to significant yield increase worldwide, however, few dwarf cultivars of wheat are cultivated due to grain yield penalty. In this study, a new dwarf wheat Triticum aestivum L . , cv. Xiaoyan 101, was investigated to explore its photosynthetic performance and yield potential. In the comparison of the semidwarf wheat cultivars, Jing 411 and Xiaoyan 101, although the first three leaves (including flag leaves) did not differ significantly in both genotypes, Xiaoyan 101 conferred a higher content of photosynthetic pigments and higher photochemical efficiency but had lower contents of hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde in lower leaves in the canopy. In addition, the antioxidant enzymes-encoding genes were upregulated while the senescence-associated genes ( TaSAG3 , TaSAG5 , TaSAG7 , and TaSAG12 ) were downregulated in lower leaves in the canopy of Xiaoyan 101. Ultimately, Xiaoyan 101 produced approximate or even higher grain yield than the local semidwarf wheat varieties. Therefore, it is possible to breed dwarf wheat with enhanced photosynthetic activity but without yield sacrifice.
{"title":"Comparative study of photosynthetic capacity in lower leaves in the canopy of dwarf and semidwarf wheat","authors":"H.W. Li, J. Zhang, Q. Zheng, B. Li, Z-S. Li","doi":"10.32615/ps.2022.037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32615/ps.2022.037","url":null,"abstract":"APX – ascorbate peroxidase; Car – carotenoids; CAT – catalase; Cu/ZnSOD – copper/zinc superoxide dismutase; DAA – day after anthesis; DHAR – dehydroascorbate reductase; DI 0 /CS – dissipated energy flux per cross-section; ET 0 /CS – electron transport flux per cross-section; F v /F m – maximal quantum yield of PSII photochemistry; GR – glutathione reductase; LAI – leaf area index; MDA – malondialdehyde; MDAR – monodehydroascorbate reductase; MnSOD – manganese superoxide dismutase; PI – performance index; POD – peroxidase; qPCR – quantitative polymerase chain reaction; RC/CS m – density of reaction center per excited cross-section; Rht – reduced height gene; RUE – radiation-use efficiency; SAG – senescence-associated gene; TCA – trichloroacetic acid; TR 0 /CS – trapped energy flux per cross-section. Acknowledgments : This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31872863) and the National Key Basic Research Program of China (2015CB150106). Conflict of interest : The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. Semidwarf wheat contributes to significant yield increase worldwide, however, few dwarf cultivars of wheat are cultivated due to grain yield penalty. In this study, a new dwarf wheat Triticum aestivum L . , cv. Xiaoyan 101, was investigated to explore its photosynthetic performance and yield potential. In the comparison of the semidwarf wheat cultivars, Jing 411 and Xiaoyan 101, although the first three leaves (including flag leaves) did not differ significantly in both genotypes, Xiaoyan 101 conferred a higher content of photosynthetic pigments and higher photochemical efficiency but had lower contents of hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde in lower leaves in the canopy. In addition, the antioxidant enzymes-encoding genes were upregulated while the senescence-associated genes ( TaSAG3 , TaSAG5 , TaSAG7 , and TaSAG12 ) were downregulated in lower leaves in the canopy of Xiaoyan 101. Ultimately, Xiaoyan 101 produced approximate or even higher grain yield than the local semidwarf wheat varieties. Therefore, it is possible to breed dwarf wheat with enhanced photosynthetic activity but without yield sacrifice.","PeriodicalId":20157,"journal":{"name":"Photosynthetica","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85068467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Sharma, U. Bhatt, J. Sharma, H. Kalaji, J. Mojski, V. Soni
malondialdehyde; salicylic WL waterlogging. Conflict of interest : The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. Under waterlogging, the photosynthetic apparatus of plants was destroyed. Waterlogging reduced chlorophyll content and the net photosynthetic rate. Therefore, this updated review summarized the effect of waterlogging on chloroplast ultrastructure, photosynthetic characteristics, and chlorophyll fluorescence attributes of plant species. By studying various research papers, we found that intercellular concentration of available carbon dioxide in mesophyll cells, assimilation of carbon, and the net photosynthetic ratio declined under waterlogging. The chlorophyll fluorescence efficiency of plants decreased under waterlogging. Thus, the study of photosynthesis in plants under waterlogging should be done with respect to changing climate. Moreover, the recognition of photosynthetic characteristics present in tolerant species will be beneficial for designing the waterlogging-tolerant crop plant in changing environments.
{"title":"Ultrastructure, adaptability, and alleviation mechanisms of photosynthetic apparatus in plants under waterlogging: A review","authors":"S. Sharma, U. Bhatt, J. Sharma, H. Kalaji, J. Mojski, V. Soni","doi":"10.32615/ps.2022.033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32615/ps.2022.033","url":null,"abstract":"malondialdehyde; salicylic WL waterlogging. Conflict of interest : The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. Under waterlogging, the photosynthetic apparatus of plants was destroyed. Waterlogging reduced chlorophyll content and the net photosynthetic rate. Therefore, this updated review summarized the effect of waterlogging on chloroplast ultrastructure, photosynthetic characteristics, and chlorophyll fluorescence attributes of plant species. By studying various research papers, we found that intercellular concentration of available carbon dioxide in mesophyll cells, assimilation of carbon, and the net photosynthetic ratio declined under waterlogging. The chlorophyll fluorescence efficiency of plants decreased under waterlogging. Thus, the study of photosynthesis in plants under waterlogging should be done with respect to changing climate. Moreover, the recognition of photosynthetic characteristics present in tolerant species will be beneficial for designing the waterlogging-tolerant crop plant in changing environments.","PeriodicalId":20157,"journal":{"name":"Photosynthetica","volume":"80 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80440703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Acknowledgments : This work was funded by the Science and Technology Project from the National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine (No. MOHW107-NRICM-B-315-134002) and the Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture from the Featured Areas Research Center Program within the Higher Education Sprout Project by the Ministry of Education of Taiwan. The funding agency had no role in the design of the study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data or in writing the manuscript. Conflict of interest : The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. Amaranthus viridis is a functional food due to its antioxidant activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the responses of photosynthesis, growth, and antioxidant properties in A. viridis to nitrogen (N) applications. A. viridis plants were cultivated under low N (LN), medium N (MN), and high N (HN), and harvested at the reproductive phase. The dry mass and plant height of A. viridis plants increased with elevated N, and the dry mass of HN was saturated. Net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and water-use efficiency in the leaves at HN were strengthened. Meanwhile, under HN, chlorophylls (Chl), their precursors, and degradation intermediates in the leaves were highly accumulated, and the minor route of Chl degradation pathway was induced dramatically. However, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical-scavenging, ferrous iron-chelating, and reducing power in the extracts were reduced under HN. Conclusively, an appropriate N application balanced the yield and antioxidant properties of A . viridis .
{"title":"The effects of nitrogen application on the growth, photosynthesis, and antioxidant activity of Amaranthus viridis","authors":"C. Chen, M. Huang, Kiryo Lin, M. Hsueh","doi":"10.32615/ps.2022.034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32615/ps.2022.034","url":null,"abstract":"Acknowledgments : This work was funded by the Science and Technology Project from the National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine (No. MOHW107-NRICM-B-315-134002) and the Innovation and Development Center of Sustainable Agriculture from the Featured Areas Research Center Program within the Higher Education Sprout Project by the Ministry of Education of Taiwan. The funding agency had no role in the design of the study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data or in writing the manuscript. Conflict of interest : The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. Amaranthus viridis is a functional food due to its antioxidant activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the responses of photosynthesis, growth, and antioxidant properties in A. viridis to nitrogen (N) applications. A. viridis plants were cultivated under low N (LN), medium N (MN), and high N (HN), and harvested at the reproductive phase. The dry mass and plant height of A. viridis plants increased with elevated N, and the dry mass of HN was saturated. Net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and water-use efficiency in the leaves at HN were strengthened. Meanwhile, under HN, chlorophylls (Chl), their precursors, and degradation intermediates in the leaves were highly accumulated, and the minor route of Chl degradation pathway was induced dramatically. However, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical-scavenging, ferrous iron-chelating, and reducing power in the extracts were reduced under HN. Conclusively, an appropriate N application balanced the yield and antioxidant properties of A . viridis .","PeriodicalId":20157,"journal":{"name":"Photosynthetica","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88955098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Xu, N. Feng, X. Liang, Haifeng Zhao, S. Wang, Y. Jiang, Y. Zhao, D. Zheng
thiobarbituric Saline-alkaline stress is one of the most detrimental abiotic stresses that restrict the yield and physiological activity of maize ( Zea mays L.). In the present study, maize was planted on saline-alkali land, while 25 mg L –1 uniconazole (S3307) and 40 mg L –1 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) were sprayed at the stage of nine expanded leaves. Our results showed that both S3307 and ALA applications significantly increased all ear width, volume, and mass in the maturity stage. Both applications also upregulated photosynthetic efficiency via increasing the chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance, as well as reduced the intercellular CO 2 concentration after the silking stage. In addition, both applications upregulated further the antioxidant system via enhancing the activity of antioxidants and contents of soluble protein and sugar, as well as reducing the malondialdehyde content after the silking stage. Thus, both S3307 and ALA applications can improve maize yield in saline-alkali land via enhancing ear morphology and increasing photosynthetic efficiency and antioxidants.
盐碱胁迫是限制玉米产量和生理活性的最有害的非生物胁迫之一。本试验在盐碱地上种植玉米，在九张叶期喷施25 mg L -1单唑(S3307)和40 mg L -1 5-氨基乙酰丙酸(ALA)。结果表明，在成熟期，施用S3307和ALA均显著增加了所有穗宽、体积和质量。两种施用均通过增加叶绿素含量、净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度来上调光合效率，并降低吐丝期后细胞间co2浓度。此外，两种处理都通过提高抗氧化剂活性、可溶性蛋白质和糖的含量，以及降低吐丝期后丙二醛的含量，进一步上调了抗氧化系统。因此，施用S3307和ALA均可通过改善玉米穗形、提高光合效率和抗氧化能力来提高盐碱地玉米产量。
{"title":"Both uniconazole and 5-aminolevulinic acid increase maize (Zea mays L.) yield by changing its ear morphology and increasing photosynthetic efficiency and antioxidants in saline-alkali land","authors":"L. Xu, N. Feng, X. Liang, Haifeng Zhao, S. Wang, Y. Jiang, Y. Zhao, D. Zheng","doi":"10.32615/ps.2022.029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32615/ps.2022.029","url":null,"abstract":"thiobarbituric Saline-alkaline stress is one of the most detrimental abiotic stresses that restrict the yield and physiological activity of maize ( Zea mays L.). In the present study, maize was planted on saline-alkali land, while 25 mg L –1 uniconazole (S3307) and 40 mg L –1 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) were sprayed at the stage of nine expanded leaves. Our results showed that both S3307 and ALA applications significantly increased all ear width, volume, and mass in the maturity stage. Both applications also upregulated photosynthetic efficiency via increasing the chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance, as well as reduced the intercellular CO 2 concentration after the silking stage. In addition, both applications upregulated further the antioxidant system via enhancing the activity of antioxidants and contents of soluble protein and sugar, as well as reducing the malondialdehyde content after the silking stage. Thus, both S3307 and ALA applications can improve maize yield in saline-alkali land via enhancing ear morphology and increasing photosynthetic efficiency and antioxidants.","PeriodicalId":20157,"journal":{"name":"Photosynthetica","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81743484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abbreviations : ABS/RC – absorption flux per RC; CE – carboxylation efficiency; C i – intercellular CO 2 concentration; G mc – cultivated soybean; g s – stomatal conductance; G sw – Dongying wild soybean; PI ABS – performance index; P N – net photosynthetic rate; RC – reaction center; V ox – the maximal slopes of the rates of P 700 and plastocyanin oxidation; V red – the maximal slopes of the rates of P 700 and plastocyanin reduction; V t – relative variable fluorescence at the time t; φ Po – maximum quantum yield for primary photochemistry; Ψ Eo – the probability that an electron moves further than Q A– . Acknowledgements : We are grateful to the Key Research and Development Program of Hebei (No. 21326401D, No. 21327409D) for their financial support of this study. Conflict of interest : The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. a fluorescence, and Na + distribution in cultivated ( G mc ) and wild ( G sw ) soybean leaves of grafted soybean plants were investigated after NaCl treatment. Results showed that the decreases in photosynthetic rate, performance index, active P 700 content, and plastocyanin reduction were significantly greater in the G sw leaves than those in the G mc leaves. The observed increases in the Na + concentration in the G sw leaves were likely responsible for the severe decrease in the photosynthetic activity of grafted plants. We suggest that Na + accumulation in G sw roots, which prevents the transport of Na + from the roots to the shoots, effectively maintains the concentration of Na + at a comparatively low level in the leaves to prevent the destruction of the photosynthetic apparatus by salt.
缩写:ABS/RC -每个RC的吸收通量;CE -羧基化效率;C -细胞间co2浓度;栽培大豆;G -气孔导度;东营野生大豆;PI ABS—性能指标;磷氮净光合速率;RC -反应中心;vox—p700和质体青素氧化速率的最大斜率;V红- p700和质体青素还原速率的最大斜率;V t——时刻t的相对可变荧光;φ Po -初级光化学的最大量子产率Ψ Eo -电子比Q A -移动更远的概率。感谢河北省重点研发计划(No. 21326401D, No. 21327409D)对本研究的资助。利益冲突:作者声明他们没有利益冲突。研究了NaCl处理后嫁接的栽培大豆(G mc)和野生大豆(G sw)叶片的荧光和Na +分布。结果表明:G sw叶片光合速率、性能指标、活性p700含量和质体青素减少量的下降幅度显著大于G mc叶片。嫁接植株叶片中Na +浓度的升高可能是嫁接植株光合活性严重下降的原因。我们认为，钠离子在根内的积累阻止了钠离子从根向茎部的运输，有效地维持了叶片中Na +的浓度在一个相对较低的水平，从而防止了盐对光合机构的破坏。
{"title":"Systematic salt tolerance-related physiological mechanisms of wild soybean and their role in the photosynthetic activity and Na+ distribution of grafted soybean plants","authors":"Z. Xue, Y. Wang, J. Liu","doi":"10.32615/ps.2022.030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32615/ps.2022.030","url":null,"abstract":"Abbreviations : ABS/RC – absorption flux per RC; CE – carboxylation efficiency; C i – intercellular CO 2 concentration; G mc – cultivated soybean; g s – stomatal conductance; G sw – Dongying wild soybean; PI ABS – performance index; P N – net photosynthetic rate; RC – reaction center; V ox – the maximal slopes of the rates of P 700 and plastocyanin oxidation; V red – the maximal slopes of the rates of P 700 and plastocyanin reduction; V t – relative variable fluorescence at the time t; φ Po – maximum quantum yield for primary photochemistry; Ψ Eo – the probability that an electron moves further than Q A– . Acknowledgements : We are grateful to the Key Research and Development Program of Hebei (No. 21326401D, No. 21327409D) for their financial support of this study. Conflict of interest : The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. a fluorescence, and Na + distribution in cultivated ( G mc ) and wild ( G sw ) soybean leaves of grafted soybean plants were investigated after NaCl treatment. Results showed that the decreases in photosynthetic rate, performance index, active P 700 content, and plastocyanin reduction were significantly greater in the G sw leaves than those in the G mc leaves. The observed increases in the Na + concentration in the G sw leaves were likely responsible for the severe decrease in the photosynthetic activity of grafted plants. We suggest that Na + accumulation in G sw roots, which prevents the transport of Na + from the roots to the shoots, effectively maintains the concentration of Na + at a comparatively low level in the leaves to prevent the destruction of the photosynthetic apparatus by salt.","PeriodicalId":20157,"journal":{"name":"Photosynthetica","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91009798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Wang, Y. Wang, D. Wang, J. Huang, Y. Liu, M. Zhu, F.-H. Li
Abbreviations : 6-BA – 6-benzyladenine; Chl – chlorophyll; C i – intercellular CO 2 concentration; DM – dry mass; DMSO – dimethylsulfoxide; E – transpiration rate; EDTA – ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; FM – fresh mass; F v /F m – maximum quantum yield of PSII; g s – stomatal conductance; NPQ – nonphotochemical quenching coefficient; PEPCase – phospho enol pyruvate carboxylase; P N – net photosynthetic rate; q P – photochemical quenching coefficient; SPS – sucrose phosphate synthase; SS – sucrose synthase; Φ PSII – effective quantum yield of PSII photochemistry. Acknowledgments : We are grateful for grants from the National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFD0300700, 2018YFD0300300, and 2017YFD0101103). † These authors contributed equally to this study. Conflict of interest : The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. is an artificial synthetic cytokinin, which plays an important role in regulating plant responses to abiotic stress. This study aimed to investigate the mitigative effect of exogenous 6-BA on photosynthetic capacities and leaf ultrastructure under waterlogging stress using two waxy corn inbred lines. The results showed that waterlogging stress disrupted the photosynthesis of waxy corn seedlings. However, exogenous 6-BA alleviated the inhibition caused by waterlogging stress. Under the waterlogging conditions, 6-BA treatment of plants helped preserve the structural integrity of the chloroplasts and retain higher contents of photosynthetic pigments. It also increased the photosynthetic capacity and promoted the openness of stomatal pores. Moreover, exogenous 6-BA promoted photosynthetic activities and the accumulation of carbohydrates. The results revealed that the detrimental effects of waterlogging stress on maize seedlings can be alleviated by 6-BA via modulating photosynthetic activities.
缩写:6-BA - 6-苄基腺嘌呤;Chl -叶绿素;C -细胞间co2浓度;DM—干质量;DMSO -二甲基亚砜;E——蒸腾速率;乙二胺四乙酸;FM—新鲜质量;F v /F m - PSII的最大量子产率;G -气孔导度;NPQ—非光化学猝灭系数;磷酸烯醇丙酮酸羧化酶;磷氮净光合速率;q P—光化学猝灭系数;SPS -蔗糖磷酸合酶;SS -蔗糖合酶;Φ PSII - PSII光化学的有效量子产率。感谢国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0300700、2018YFD0300300、2017YFD0101103)的资助。†这些作者对这项研究贡献相同。利益冲突:作者声明他们没有利益冲突。是一种人工合成的细胞分裂素，在调节植物对非生物胁迫的反应中起重要作用。以2个糯玉米自交系为材料，研究外源6-BA对涝渍胁迫下玉米光合能力和叶片超微结构的缓解作用。结果表明，涝渍胁迫破坏了糯玉米幼苗的光合作用。外源6-BA可缓解涝渍胁迫对植株的抑制作用。涝渍条件下，6-BA处理有利于保持植株叶绿体结构的完整性，保持较高的光合色素含量。增加了光合能力，促进了气孔的开放。此外，外源6-BA促进了光合活性和碳水化合物的积累。结果表明，6-BA可通过调节光合活性减轻涝渍胁迫对玉米幼苗的不利影响。
{"title":"Mitigative effect of 6-benzyladenine on photosynthetic capacity and leaf ultrastructure of maize seedlings under waterlogging stress","authors":"J. Wang, Y. Wang, D. Wang, J. Huang, Y. Liu, M. Zhu, F.-H. Li","doi":"10.32615/ps.2022.027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32615/ps.2022.027","url":null,"abstract":"Abbreviations : 6-BA – 6-benzyladenine; Chl – chlorophyll; C i – intercellular CO 2 concentration; DM – dry mass; DMSO – dimethylsulfoxide; E – transpiration rate; EDTA – ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; FM – fresh mass; F v /F m – maximum quantum yield of PSII; g s – stomatal conductance; NPQ – nonphotochemical quenching coefficient; PEPCase – phospho enol pyruvate carboxylase; P N – net photosynthetic rate; q P – photochemical quenching coefficient; SPS – sucrose phosphate synthase; SS – sucrose synthase; Φ PSII – effective quantum yield of PSII photochemistry. Acknowledgments : We are grateful for grants from the National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFD0300700, 2018YFD0300300, and 2017YFD0101103). † These authors contributed equally to this study. Conflict of interest : The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. is an artificial synthetic cytokinin, which plays an important role in regulating plant responses to abiotic stress. This study aimed to investigate the mitigative effect of exogenous 6-BA on photosynthetic capacities and leaf ultrastructure under waterlogging stress using two waxy corn inbred lines. The results showed that waterlogging stress disrupted the photosynthesis of waxy corn seedlings. However, exogenous 6-BA alleviated the inhibition caused by waterlogging stress. Under the waterlogging conditions, 6-BA treatment of plants helped preserve the structural integrity of the chloroplasts and retain higher contents of photosynthetic pigments. It also increased the photosynthetic capacity and promoted the openness of stomatal pores. Moreover, exogenous 6-BA promoted photosynthetic activities and the accumulation of carbohydrates. The results revealed that the detrimental effects of waterlogging stress on maize seedlings can be alleviated by 6-BA via modulating photosynthetic activities.","PeriodicalId":20157,"journal":{"name":"Photosynthetica","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80371333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. Singh, S. Goldberg, D. Schaefer, F. Zhang, S. Sharma, V. Mishra, J. Xu
{"title":"Biochemical, gas exchange, and chlorophyll fluorescence analysis of maize genotypes under drought stress reveals important insights into their interaction and homeostasis","authors":"G. Singh, S. Goldberg, D. Schaefer, F. Zhang, S. Sharma, V. Mishra, J. Xu","doi":"10.32615/ps.2022.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32615/ps.2022.024","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20157,"journal":{"name":"Photosynthetica","volume":"203 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80264877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bacon Ke (1920-2022): a pioneer of primary photochemistry of photosynthesis","authors":"G. Govindjee, R. Malkin, T. Ogawa","doi":"10.32615/ps.2022.026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32615/ps.2022.026","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20157,"journal":{"name":"Photosynthetica","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2022-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90527449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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