Outsourcing is mostly used as a tool to reduce a company’s costs. While outsourcing works well in some areas, such as call centres or shared service centres, more and more, the negative consequences of outsourcing are highlighted in other areas such as manufacturing. What causes this disconnect? I argue that a company has some key competencies that, when outsourced, dramatically increases the bargaining power of its contract manufacturer, allows it to take on more functions of the original manufacturer than first intended and ultimately enables it to act as a direct competitor. These key competencies include manufacturing while it excludes shared services, hence the above disconnect. Companies must identify the danger that outsourcing a given activity causes: How easy it is to replicate the company using only this one skill that the company wishes to outsource? Beyond this, several good practices are shown that help diminish the danger posed by outsourcing, such as outsourcing products only at a certain point in their lifecycle or spreading the manufacturing among several companies.
{"title":"On the Negative Consequences of Outsourcing","authors":"Duczon Árpád","doi":"10.33422/ime.2018.12.75","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33422/ime.2018.12.75","url":null,"abstract":"Outsourcing is mostly used as a tool to reduce a company’s costs. While outsourcing works well in some areas, such as call centres or shared service centres, more and more, the negative consequences of outsourcing are highlighted in other areas such as manufacturing. What causes this disconnect? I argue that a company has some key competencies that, when outsourced, dramatically increases the bargaining power of its contract manufacturer, allows it to take on more functions of the original manufacturer than first intended and ultimately enables it to act as a direct competitor. These key competencies include manufacturing while it excludes shared services, hence the above disconnect. Companies must identify the danger that outsourcing a given activity causes: How easy it is to replicate the company using only this one skill that the company wishes to outsource? Beyond this, several good practices are shown that help diminish the danger posed by outsourcing, such as outsourcing products only at a certain point in their lifecycle or spreading the manufacturing among several companies.","PeriodicalId":201669,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of The International Conference on Research in Management & Economics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126209902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
By location and legacy, the Three Seas Initiative (3SI) lies at the crossroads of what remains culturally labelled “Central” and “Eastern” Europe(s). The grouping reunites 12 countries that, with the exception of “Old Europe” Austria, share the post-communist NATO and EU membership destiny of the so-called “New Europe” group, with the particular sequels and hopes associated to it. For centuries, the space between the Baltic, Adriatic and Black seas absorbed the energies of Middle Age imperial tectonics. In the 20th century inter bellum epoch, the region hosted failed attempts of aggregation against latent aggressive menaces coming from an avenging Germany and an ascending Soviet Russia. For almost fifty years, communism made the region an inward-looking camp. Contemporary 3SI, reminiscent of the century-old “Intermarium” Polish idea, is a 2015 project emerged from Poland too and interestedly backed up by Croatia. It refurbished constant issues in the region: concern in relation to Russia (including the energy dependency), confidence in the US security “protectorate” and cautiousness towards the old EU Brussels/Berlin “cores”. This paper surveys the rationales, of both (geo)political and (geo)economic nature, related to the 3SI, comparing them with similar historical initiatives and with alternative/complementary projects prepared in this geographical space. It observes commonalities but also differences of vision between 3SI members and the partners from the hard-core Euro-Atlantic twin-conclaves, as well as among 3SI members themselves: there are clashes inside-NATO and inside-3SI over the attitude towards Russia as well as divisions insideEU and intra-3SI over the evolution within the Union itself. Starting from the very premise that the strength in (geo)politics requires solid economic structures, the essay observes the fields identified by the artisans of the 3SI as infrastructural backbones of the region, as parts and parcels of the competitive/convergent/cohesive EU integration: energy, transportation and digitalization. An earmarked case study is dedicated to Romania, country holding the Presidency of the EU Council in the first half of 2019, following a celebration of a century of nation-state unity and forging a societal debate on its place and role in the region/continent/world. International Conference on Research in Management & Economics Serbia | Belgrade | December 15-17, 2018 58」 www.imeconf.org info@imeconf.org Introduction The world is the result of forces inherent in human nature, and this, according to Thucydides (the “grandfather” of political realism, if it is to accept Morgenthau’s modern “paternity”), is animated by the motivations of phobos, kerdos and doxa: that is fear, selfishness and glory. The realists, metricians and merceologists of power (practiced between individuals, but also among nations), map the world in terms of balances of power. They temper the idealists, forgers of concord (between people or between state
{"title":"The Remake Of Geography Geo-Political And Geo-Economic Reasons For Shifting From E-W To N-S Perspective In The Three Seas Initiative Region","authors":"Octavian-Dragomir Jora, M. Lacob, G. Crețan","doi":"10.33422/ime.2018.12.76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33422/ime.2018.12.76","url":null,"abstract":"By location and legacy, the Three Seas Initiative (3SI) lies at the crossroads of what remains culturally labelled “Central” and “Eastern” Europe(s). The grouping reunites 12 countries that, with the exception of “Old Europe” Austria, share the post-communist NATO and EU membership destiny of the so-called “New Europe” group, with the particular sequels and hopes associated to it. For centuries, the space between the Baltic, Adriatic and Black seas absorbed the energies of Middle Age imperial tectonics. In the 20th century inter bellum epoch, the region hosted failed attempts of aggregation against latent aggressive menaces coming from an avenging Germany and an ascending Soviet Russia. For almost fifty years, communism made the region an inward-looking camp. Contemporary 3SI, reminiscent of the century-old “Intermarium” Polish idea, is a 2015 project emerged from Poland too and interestedly backed up by Croatia. It refurbished constant issues in the region: concern in relation to Russia (including the energy dependency), confidence in the US security “protectorate” and cautiousness towards the old EU Brussels/Berlin “cores”. This paper surveys the rationales, of both (geo)political and (geo)economic nature, related to the 3SI, comparing them with similar historical initiatives and with alternative/complementary projects prepared in this geographical space. It observes commonalities but also differences of vision between 3SI members and the partners from the hard-core Euro-Atlantic twin-conclaves, as well as among 3SI members themselves: there are clashes inside-NATO and inside-3SI over the attitude towards Russia as well as divisions insideEU and intra-3SI over the evolution within the Union itself. Starting from the very premise that the strength in (geo)politics requires solid economic structures, the essay observes the fields identified by the artisans of the 3SI as infrastructural backbones of the region, as parts and parcels of the competitive/convergent/cohesive EU integration: energy, transportation and digitalization. An earmarked case study is dedicated to Romania, country holding the Presidency of the EU Council in the first half of 2019, following a celebration of a century of nation-state unity and forging a societal debate on its place and role in the region/continent/world. International Conference on Research in Management & Economics Serbia | Belgrade | December 15-17, 2018 58」 www.imeconf.org info@imeconf.org Introduction The world is the result of forces inherent in human nature, and this, according to Thucydides (the “grandfather” of political realism, if it is to accept Morgenthau’s modern “paternity”), is animated by the motivations of phobos, kerdos and doxa: that is fear, selfishness and glory. The realists, metricians and merceologists of power (practiced between individuals, but also among nations), map the world in terms of balances of power. They temper the idealists, forgers of concord (between people or between state","PeriodicalId":201669,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of The International Conference on Research in Management & Economics","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125775692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper tries to bridge two literaturesCorporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Business Group (BG), by investigating whether and when group affiliation influences the CSR of affiliated firms. For the present study I have used all the listed firms listed on NSE in India from 2010 to 2015 shows that group affiliation has a positive impact on CSR. The impact is more in older BG. Classifying interlocks (measured as degree centrality in network’s director) of affiliated firms with other firms in the same group as internal and other interlocks as external, we have employed Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) to control for the endogeneity issue. We find that affiliated firms having higher ratio of external to internal interlocks would have higher CSR. Two aspects of business groupspromoter shareholding and diversity are considered important as they greatly affect the behavior of member firms. We have used them as boundary conditions and found that high promoter shareholding positively moderate the relationship while diversity has negative moderation on the studied relationship. The paper makes contributions to both business group and CSR literature and broaden our understanding towards group affiliated firm’s behavior related to CSR activities.
{"title":"Understand the Role of Business Group Affiliation and Interlocking Directorates on Corporate Social Responsibility of Affiliated Firms:An Empirical Investigation","authors":"S. Tiwari, S. Sen","doi":"10.33422/ime.2018.12.78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33422/ime.2018.12.78","url":null,"abstract":"This paper tries to bridge two literaturesCorporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and Business Group (BG), by investigating whether and when group affiliation influences the CSR of affiliated firms. For the present study I have used all the listed firms listed on NSE in India from 2010 to 2015 shows that group affiliation has a positive impact on CSR. The impact is more in older BG. Classifying interlocks (measured as degree centrality in network’s director) of affiliated firms with other firms in the same group as internal and other interlocks as external, we have employed Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) to control for the endogeneity issue. We find that affiliated firms having higher ratio of external to internal interlocks would have higher CSR. Two aspects of business groupspromoter shareholding and diversity are considered important as they greatly affect the behavior of member firms. We have used them as boundary conditions and found that high promoter shareholding positively moderate the relationship while diversity has negative moderation on the studied relationship. The paper makes contributions to both business group and CSR literature and broaden our understanding towards group affiliated firm’s behavior related to CSR activities.","PeriodicalId":201669,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of The International Conference on Research in Management & Economics","volume":"519 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123119811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the last decade, due to the significant spread of the Internet in a society, the e-business is proliferating. In e-business business organizations maximize the use of the Internet for most of their endeavors. However, in many countries such as Macedonia, Seychelles, Serbia, and Lebanon even after good penetration of Internet, e-business is in an early phase and many countries like Indonesia, Cambodia, India, and Senegal even after less penetration of Internet, e-business status is quite good. The objective of this study is to seek the answer to such contradictions. We explore the mechanism through which presence of Internet crowns up in e-business development in a country. We found that innovation capacity and Intellectual Property Protection (IPP) laws of a country features as an underlying mechanism between the relationship of Internet and ebusiness and both variables also work as a boundary condition for the same link. This paper argues that the mere presence of the Internet in a country does not guarantee the development of e-business in that country, rather innovation capacity and IPP are required mediator variables. For robustness analysis, we control the hypothesized equation for per capita income and Human Development Index (HDI) of that country.
{"title":"E-Business Proliferation: Investigation of Underlying Mechanism and Boundary Condition","authors":"S. Srivastava","doi":"10.33422/ime.2018.12.77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33422/ime.2018.12.77","url":null,"abstract":"In the last decade, due to the significant spread of the Internet in a society, the e-business is proliferating. In e-business business organizations maximize the use of the Internet for most of their endeavors. However, in many countries such as Macedonia, Seychelles, Serbia, and Lebanon even after good penetration of Internet, e-business is in an early phase and many countries like Indonesia, Cambodia, India, and Senegal even after less penetration of Internet, e-business status is quite good. The objective of this study is to seek the answer to such contradictions. We explore the mechanism through which presence of Internet crowns up in e-business development in a country. We found that innovation capacity and Intellectual Property Protection (IPP) laws of a country features as an underlying mechanism between the relationship of Internet and ebusiness and both variables also work as a boundary condition for the same link. This paper argues that the mere presence of the Internet in a country does not guarantee the development of e-business in that country, rather innovation capacity and IPP are required mediator variables. For robustness analysis, we control the hypothesized equation for per capita income and Human Development Index (HDI) of that country.","PeriodicalId":201669,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of The International Conference on Research in Management & Economics","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133492000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to search for traveling behavior and the marketing mix levels affecting traveling abroad of Thai working people in Bangkok. The data were collected from 400 working people by using questionnaires. The statistical method used included frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation-test was used to evaluate the mean between two groups, F-test for one-way analysis of variance (One-way ANOVA) The results were that, most Thai tourist were women, 26-35 years old, single, company employees, bachelor degree, and more than 35,000-baht monthly income. They traveled abroad to enjoy and relax, preferred natural tourist attraction in Asian country out of ASEAN, used vacation period, spent 5-7 days, traveled once a year, budgeted 20,001-40,000 baht excluded shopping expenses, paid cash, managed their own program and reservation, and traveled with family. The levels of marketing mix implemented ranking respectively were 1) personnel 2) service process 3) tourism product 4) contact/reservation channel 5) physical evidence 6) traveling expense and 7) marketing promotion. Thai working women emphasized on traveling expense and marketing promotion more than men. Working people who went to Oceania country, Europe & America and ASEAN country had different tourism product. Thai tourist who spent 2-4 days and 5-7 days had different tourism product and physical evidence. And different travel companion affected on service personnel and physical evidence.
{"title":"Traveling Abroad of Thai Working People in Bangkok, Thailand","authors":"Katanyu Hiransomboon","doi":"10.33422/ime.2018.12.73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33422/ime.2018.12.73","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to search for traveling behavior and the marketing mix levels affecting traveling abroad of Thai working people in Bangkok. The data were collected from 400 working people by using questionnaires. The statistical method used included frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation-test was used to evaluate the mean between two groups, F-test for one-way analysis of variance (One-way ANOVA) The results were that, most Thai tourist were women, 26-35 years old, single, company employees, bachelor degree, and more than 35,000-baht monthly income. They traveled abroad to enjoy and relax, preferred natural tourist attraction in Asian country out of ASEAN, used vacation period, spent 5-7 days, traveled once a year, budgeted 20,001-40,000 baht excluded shopping expenses, paid cash, managed their own program and reservation, and traveled with family. The levels of marketing mix implemented ranking respectively were 1) personnel 2) service process 3) tourism product 4) contact/reservation channel 5) physical evidence 6) traveling expense and 7) marketing promotion. Thai working women emphasized on traveling expense and marketing promotion more than men. Working people who went to Oceania country, Europe & America and ASEAN country had different tourism product. Thai tourist who spent 2-4 days and 5-7 days had different tourism product and physical evidence. And different travel companion affected on service personnel and physical evidence.","PeriodicalId":201669,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of The International Conference on Research in Management & Economics","volume":"138 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122852171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In recent years, the survival of international business organizations has been closely tied to a successful export process. In this regard, one of the most prominent operational steps is to rigorously consider to the cultural structure of the destination country to enter the competitive markets. The main purpose of this study is to investigate business and cultural diversity between origin and destination countries in export performance. The research method is a practical correlative descriptive survey and has been performed through a case study. The target statistical population has been amongst four Iranian household appliances companies (Electro Steel, Pars Khazar, Emersun and Barfab) that have been acting in export markets for years. The hypotheses have been investigating whether there is a significant relation between business differences, cultural differences, human capital and export performance or not. They have been tested by the structural equation modelling through SPSS and Smart PLS. A standard questionnaire with 27 questions has been used for collecting data whose validity and reliability has been confirmed. The results, based on a survey of 126 executive and export managers and board members, illustrate that accomplishment of organizational export goals is strongly affected by cultural diversity and commercial differences between export origin and import destination and also human capital separately. Likewise, it has been concluded that there is a meaningful direct relation between human capital and cultural and business differences. In addition, the role of mediator human capital among cultural and business differences and export performance of companies is not accepted.
近年来，国际商业组织的生存与成功的出口过程密切相关。在这方面，最突出的操作步骤之一是严格考虑目的地国家的文化结构，以进入竞争激烈的市场。本研究的主要目的是调查原产国和目的地国在出口绩效方面的商业和文化差异。研究方法是一种实用的相关描述性调查，并通过一个案例进行了研究。目标统计人群是伊朗四家家电公司(electrosteel, Pars Khazar, Emersun和Barfab)，这些公司多年来一直在出口市场上活动。假设考察了企业差异、文化差异、人力资本与出口绩效之间是否存在显著关系。通过SPSS和Smart PLS的结构方程模型对其进行了检验，并使用了一份包含27个问题的标准问卷来收集数据，其效度和信度已得到证实。基于对126名高管、出口经理和董事会成员的调查，结果表明，组织出口目标的实现受到文化多样性、出口来源地和进口目的地之间的商业差异以及人力资本的强烈影响。同样，它已经得出结论，人力资本与文化和商业差异之间存在有意义的直接关系。此外，人力资本在企业文化和业务差异与出口绩效之间的中介作用不被接受。
{"title":"Business and Cultural Differences Between Origin and Destination Countries in Export Performance","authors":"M. Safarpour, Seyed Mohammad Mirmahdi Komejani","doi":"10.33422/ime.2018.12.69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33422/ime.2018.12.69","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the survival of international business organizations has been closely tied to a successful export process. In this regard, one of the most prominent operational steps is to rigorously consider to the cultural structure of the destination country to enter the competitive markets. The main purpose of this study is to investigate business and cultural diversity between origin and destination countries in export performance. The research method is a practical correlative descriptive survey and has been performed through a case study. The target statistical population has been amongst four Iranian household appliances companies (Electro Steel, Pars Khazar, Emersun and Barfab) that have been acting in export markets for years. The hypotheses have been investigating whether there is a significant relation between business differences, cultural differences, human capital and export performance or not. They have been tested by the structural equation modelling through SPSS and Smart PLS. A standard questionnaire with 27 questions has been used for collecting data whose validity and reliability has been confirmed. The results, based on a survey of 126 executive and export managers and board members, illustrate that accomplishment of organizational export goals is strongly affected by cultural diversity and commercial differences between export origin and import destination and also human capital separately. Likewise, it has been concluded that there is a meaningful direct relation between human capital and cultural and business differences. In addition, the role of mediator human capital among cultural and business differences and export performance of companies is not accepted.","PeriodicalId":201669,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of The International Conference on Research in Management & Economics","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124360686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The primary purpose of this study is to measure and investigate farm practices affecting technical efficiencies of small chili farms in Thailand. In this study, the sample includes good agricultural practice (GAP) farms as well as conventional farms in 2012 crop year. These farms grow chili in either dry or rainy season. Similar to agricultural efficiency studies, this study includes one output and four inputs. In addition, the sample is divided into two groups by season. The stochastic frontier is applied to construct GAP and conventional farm frontiers and a pooled data set for comparison by using the concept of a metafrontier. Technical efficiencies for chili farms operating under different technologies were estimated. The empirical results suggest two important findings. First, GAP has different impacts on technical efficiency in Thai chili production in different farms. Second, there is confirmation that the difference in chili growing season also has influenced the technical efficiency of chili farms. The findings would provide motivation for nonadopting GAP farms to adopt GAP and for both groups to further improve their efficiency. Chili production through GAP adopting farms would likely meet quality standards acceptable by manufacturing purchasers and importers, furthering their well-being and supporting Thailand 4.0 goal.
{"title":"Technical Efficiency of Chili Farms in Thailand: A Metafrontier Approach","authors":"W. Krasachat","doi":"10.33422/ime.2018.12.72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33422/ime.2018.12.72","url":null,"abstract":"The primary purpose of this study is to measure and investigate farm practices affecting technical efficiencies of small chili farms in Thailand. In this study, the sample includes good agricultural practice (GAP) farms as well as conventional farms in 2012 crop year. These farms grow chili in either dry or rainy season. Similar to agricultural efficiency studies, this study includes one output and four inputs. In addition, the sample is divided into two groups by season. The stochastic frontier is applied to construct GAP and conventional farm frontiers and a pooled data set for comparison by using the concept of a metafrontier. Technical efficiencies for chili farms operating under different technologies were estimated. The empirical results suggest two important findings. First, GAP has different impacts on technical efficiency in Thai chili production in different farms. Second, there is confirmation that the difference in chili growing season also has influenced the technical efficiency of chili farms. The findings would provide motivation for nonadopting GAP farms to adopt GAP and for both groups to further improve their efficiency. Chili production through GAP adopting farms would likely meet quality standards acceptable by manufacturing purchasers and importers, furthering their well-being and supporting Thailand 4.0 goal.","PeriodicalId":201669,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of The International Conference on Research in Management & Economics","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131156148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this study is to identify the key enablers of triple bottom line in agriculture supply chains with focus on Indian agriculture sector, and to analyze their interrelationship and level of influence on sustainability. Literature review and experts’ brainstorming is used to identify the list of enablers corresponding to the three dimensions of sustainability. Diagraph showing structured hierarchy among them is developed using ISM approach. The influence of each enabler was calculated using MICMAC analysis. The experts from the sugar industry as well as the farmers (living at bottom of pyramid of agriculture sector) were involved in identifying enablers and in pair wise comparison to elucidate the contextual relationship between enablers of the dimensions. The paper shows interconnection between the dimensions of triple bottom line of sustainability and identifies the key enablers for each dimension. This research shows that there exist a set of enablers having high driving power can significantly influence the sustainable supply chain practices in bottom of pyramid of agriculture sector. These enablers are of strategic importance and if neglected while policy framing, might result into the failure of sustainability drive of whole agriculture supply chain. Those enablers having high dependence and low driving power are the resultant action of the driving enablers. This paper also consolidates the fragmented knowledge of sustainable supply chain management in agriculture sector and suggests a pathway to policy makers and practitioners for framing sustainability policies. The precedence diagraph and MICMAC analysis provides a useful tool for practitioners to distinguish between the high driving and low driving enablers of TBL and their interrelations in context of agriculture supply chain. This will help managers to focus on the significant areas while taking operational or strategic decisions for sustainable agriculture supply chain. It also gives path to improve the livelihood of people living in the bottom of pyramids in agriculture sector. The findings can also be propagating in other bottom of pyramid markets for sustainability goals.
{"title":"Enablers of Sustainability in Agriculture Supply Chains: An ISM approach","authors":"Sandeep Singh","doi":"10.33422/ime.2018.12.71","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33422/ime.2018.12.71","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study is to identify the key enablers of triple bottom line in agriculture supply chains with focus on Indian agriculture sector, and to analyze their interrelationship and level of influence on sustainability. Literature review and experts’ brainstorming is used to identify the list of enablers corresponding to the three dimensions of sustainability. Diagraph showing structured hierarchy among them is developed using ISM approach. The influence of each enabler was calculated using MICMAC analysis. The experts from the sugar industry as well as the farmers (living at bottom of pyramid of agriculture sector) were involved in identifying enablers and in pair wise comparison to elucidate the contextual relationship between enablers of the dimensions. The paper shows interconnection between the dimensions of triple bottom line of sustainability and identifies the key enablers for each dimension. This research shows that there exist a set of enablers having high driving power can significantly influence the sustainable supply chain practices in bottom of pyramid of agriculture sector. These enablers are of strategic importance and if neglected while policy framing, might result into the failure of sustainability drive of whole agriculture supply chain. Those enablers having high dependence and low driving power are the resultant action of the driving enablers. This paper also consolidates the fragmented knowledge of sustainable supply chain management in agriculture sector and suggests a pathway to policy makers and practitioners for framing sustainability policies. The precedence diagraph and MICMAC analysis provides a useful tool for practitioners to distinguish between the high driving and low driving enablers of TBL and their interrelations in context of agriculture supply chain. This will help managers to focus on the significant areas while taking operational or strategic decisions for sustainable agriculture supply chain. It also gives path to improve the livelihood of people living in the bottom of pyramids in agriculture sector. The findings can also be propagating in other bottom of pyramid markets for sustainability goals.","PeriodicalId":201669,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of The International Conference on Research in Management & Economics","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133717901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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