Pub Date : 2008-12-30DOI: 10.3166/obj.14.4.103-127
Pierre Parrend, Stéphane Frénot
A device is disclosed for the adjusting of wheels of a motor vehicle, particularly for the adjusting of a wheel camber. The wheels, via control arms and spring struts, are heald at the vehicle body, the wheel carrier, on the one side being flexibly connected to the pivotable control arm and, on the other side being adjustably connected with the lower end of the spring strut via two fastening screws. At least one of the fastening screws is developed as part of an adjusting element, in which case a head or a nut of the element is connectable with the eccentric sleeve of a manually operable adjusting tool that can be fitted on in a formlocking way and can be detached. The eccentric sleeve can be rotated around a central axis of the screw, between two opposite supports at a lower fastening clip of the spring strut, resulting in a transverse shifting of the screw that adjusts the wheel camber.
{"title":"Vérification automatique pour l'exécution sécurisée de composants Java","authors":"Pierre Parrend, Stéphane Frénot","doi":"10.3166/obj.14.4.103-127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3166/obj.14.4.103-127","url":null,"abstract":"A device is disclosed for the adjusting of wheels of a motor vehicle, particularly for the adjusting of a wheel camber. The wheels, via control arms and spring struts, are heald at the vehicle body, the wheel carrier, on the one side being flexibly connected to the pivotable control arm and, on the other side being adjustably connected with the lower end of the spring strut via two fastening screws. At least one of the fastening screws is developed as part of an adjusting element, in which case a head or a nut of the element is connectable with the eccentric sleeve of a manually operable adjusting tool that can be fitted on in a formlocking way and can be detached. The eccentric sleeve can be rotated around a central axis of the screw, between two opposite supports at a lower fastening clip of the spring strut, resulting in a transverse shifting of the screw that adjusts the wheel camber.","PeriodicalId":201701,"journal":{"name":"Obj. Logiciel Base données Réseaux","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130488037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper proposes a methodology for specifying and verifying real time schedulers using the B method. It is based on the refinement mechanism. We introduce successively the notions of scheduling and time. After having specified time management through stopwatches, a refinement introduces the notion of clocks. The obtained B machine can thus be considered as a timed automaton which refines the initial specification.
{"title":"Spécification et vérification d'un ordonnanceur en B via les automates temporisés","authors":"O. Nasr, M. Rached, J.-P. Bodeveix, Mamoun Filali","doi":"10.3166/obj.14.4.43-72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3166/obj.14.4.43-72","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a methodology for specifying and verifying real time schedulers using the B method. It is based on the refinement mechanism. We introduce successively the notions of scheduling and time. After having specified time management through stopwatches, a refinement introduces the notion of clocks. The obtained B machine can thus be considered as a timed automaton which refines the initial specification.","PeriodicalId":201701,"journal":{"name":"Obj. Logiciel Base données Réseaux","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115395006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Self-adapting software adapts its behavior in an autonomic way, by dynamically adding, suppressing and recomposing components, and by the use of computational reflection. One way to enforce software robustness while adding adaptative behavior is disposing of a formal support allowing these programs to be modeled, and their properties specified and verified. We propose FracL, a formal framework for specifying and reasoning about dynamic reconfiguration programs being written in a Fractal-like programming style. FracL is founded on first order logic, and allows the specification and proof of properties concerning either functional concerns or control concerns. Its encoding using the Focal proof framework, enabled us to prove FracL coherence and to obtain a mechanized framework for reasoning on concrete architectures.
{"title":"Une approche formelle de la reconfiguration dynamique","authors":"Marianne Simonot, M. Aponte","doi":"10.3166/obj.14.4.73-102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3166/obj.14.4.73-102","url":null,"abstract":"Self-adapting software adapts its behavior in an autonomic way, by dynamically adding, suppressing and recomposing components, and by the use of computational reflection. One way to enforce software robustness while adding adaptative behavior is disposing of a formal support allowing these programs to be modeled, and their properties specified and verified. We propose FracL, a formal framework for specifying and reasoning about dynamic reconfiguration programs being written in a Fractal-like programming style. FracL is founded on first order logic, and allows the specification and proof of properties concerning either functional concerns or control concerns. Its encoding using the Focal proof framework, enabled us to prove FracL coherence and to obtain a mechanized framework for reasoning on concrete architectures.","PeriodicalId":201701,"journal":{"name":"Obj. Logiciel Base données Réseaux","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114362188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nous proposons une aide au diagnostic et a la correction de specifications a partir du retour des outils de verification. L'approche est validee dans le cadre du developpement de specifications par assemblage de composants et de la verification de l'interoperabilite sur le plan des protocoles entre les differents composants utilises, ceux-ci n'etant ni modifies, ni substitues. Les specifications sont decrites en termes de diagrammes UML qui sont ensuite transformes en B, permettant de disposer des outils de verification associes. La correction prend en compte une typologie des erreurs, une mauvaise utilisation possible d'un composant, la non conformite entre les differentes specifications du systeme et le composant responsable de l'erreur diagnostiquee.
{"title":"Diagnostic et correction d'erreurs de spécifications Application à l'assemblage de composants","authors":"Inès Mouakher, J. Souquières, F. Alexandre","doi":"10.3166/obj.14.4.11-42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3166/obj.14.4.11-42","url":null,"abstract":"Nous proposons une aide au diagnostic et a la correction de specifications a partir du retour des outils de verification. L'approche est validee dans le cadre du developpement de specifications par assemblage de composants et de la verification de l'interoperabilite sur le plan des protocoles entre les differents composants utilises, ceux-ci n'etant ni modifies, ni substitues. Les specifications sont decrites en termes de diagrammes UML qui sont ensuite transformes en B, permettant de disposer des outils de verification associes. La correction prend en compte une typologie des erreurs, une mauvaise utilisation possible d'un composant, la non conformite entre les differentes specifications du systeme et le composant responsable de l'erreur diagnostiquee.","PeriodicalId":201701,"journal":{"name":"Obj. Logiciel Base données Réseaux","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134257592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
RESUME. Afin de faire face a la complexite du logiciel due a la variabilite de ses environnements et de ses utilisations, l’ingenierie des lignes de produits permet d’important gains en termes de couts et de qualite de developpement en systematisant la reutilisation d’elements communs. Neanmoins, les approches actuelles manquent de flexibilite dans la prise en compte des exigences particulieres a un utilisateur. Nous illustrons ici comment, en utilisant des techniques d’ingenierie des modeles telles que la composition et la transformation et en les outillant dans l’environnement de metamodelisation Kermeta, il est possible de concilier flexibilite et efficacite lors de la derivation de produits.
{"title":"Vers des lignes de produits flexibles. Apports de l'ingénierie dirigée par les modèles à la dérivation de produits","authors":"Jean-Marc Jézéquel, Gilles Perrouin","doi":"10.3166/obj.14.3.33-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3166/obj.14.3.33-45","url":null,"abstract":"RESUME. Afin de faire face a la complexite du logiciel due a la variabilite de ses environnements et de ses utilisations, l’ingenierie des lignes de produits permet d’important gains en termes de couts et de qualite de developpement en systematisant la reutilisation d’elements communs. Neanmoins, les approches actuelles manquent de flexibilite dans la prise en compte des exigences particulieres a un utilisateur. Nous illustrons ici comment, en utilisant des techniques d’ingenierie des modeles telles que la composition et la transformation et en les outillant dans l’environnement de metamodelisation Kermeta, il est possible de concilier flexibilite et efficacite lors de la derivation de produits.","PeriodicalId":201701,"journal":{"name":"Obj. Logiciel Base données Réseaux","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132724058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nicolas Anquetil, Hugo Arboleda, F. Fernandes, Á. Núñez, J. Royer
L'industrie du logiciel tente de produire des systemes a un rythme toujours plus rapide tout en restant previsible dans les temps de production et la qualite des systemes produits. Pour ce faire, beaucoup de nouvelles approches ont ete proposees, telles que les lignes de produits logiciels, le developpement generatif ou les usines logicielles. Dans le but d'aider les neophytes a s'y retrouver, nous avons regroupe dans cet article quelques notions de bases. Nous presenterons les trois concepts avec leurs principales caracteristiques. Nous les comparerons aussi les un aux autres pour mieux comprendre leurs specificites. Finalement, nous citerons les outils et nous proposerons quelques references actuelles pour aider les lecteurs interesses e rechercher plus d'information sur le sujet.
{"title":"Lignes de produits logiciels et usines logicielles","authors":"Nicolas Anquetil, Hugo Arboleda, F. Fernandes, Á. Núñez, J. Royer","doi":"10.3166/obj.14.3.15-31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3166/obj.14.3.15-31","url":null,"abstract":"L'industrie du logiciel tente de produire des systemes a un rythme toujours plus rapide tout en restant previsible dans les temps de production et la qualite des systemes produits. Pour ce faire, beaucoup de nouvelles approches ont ete proposees, telles que les lignes de produits logiciels, le developpement generatif ou les usines logicielles. Dans le but d'aider les neophytes a s'y retrouver, nous avons regroupe dans cet article quelques notions de bases. Nous presenterons les trois concepts avec leurs principales caracteristiques. Nous les comparerons aussi les un aux autres pour mieux comprendre leurs specificites. Finalement, nous citerons les outils et nous proposerons quelques references actuelles pour aider les lecteurs interesses e rechercher plus d'information sur le sujet.","PeriodicalId":201701,"journal":{"name":"Obj. Logiciel Base données Réseaux","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131909314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The design of a Software Product Line (SPL) is based on the identification of common and variable parts of the members of the line. The common parts (commonalities) are a basis on which variable parts (variabilities) are grafted to derive specific products. This paper discusses requirements modeling of SPL systems. Variabilities and commonalities need to be identified, composed and verified early in the development life cycle. We propose extending the use-case model with a relation called «variability». This relationship is a specialization of a relationship introduced for aspect-oriented modeling of use cases. A composition mechanism allows the derivation of executable behavior models for each member of a SPL by integrating common elements with variable elements.
{"title":"Modélisation orientée-aspects de systèmes de ligne de produits par des cas d'utilisations","authors":"Stéphane S. Somé, Pauline Anthonysamy","doi":"10.3166/obj.14.3.59-73","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3166/obj.14.3.59-73","url":null,"abstract":"The design of a Software Product Line (SPL) is based on the identification of common and variable parts of the members of the line. The common parts (commonalities) are a basis on which variable parts (variabilities) are grafted to derive specific products. This paper discusses requirements modeling of SPL systems. Variabilities and commonalities need to be identified, composed and verified early in the development life cycle. We propose extending the use-case model with a relation called «variability». This relationship is a specialization of a relationship introduced for aspect-oriented modeling of use cases. A composition mechanism allows the derivation of executable behavior models for each member of a SPL by integrating common elements with variable elements.","PeriodicalId":201701,"journal":{"name":"Obj. Logiciel Base données Réseaux","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121175879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Software engineering becomes more and more important for the software industry (editors and services business). In facts the rules of the market have changed with international economic competition. In the same time the strategic importance of information systems and technical complexity has increase. It's time for this industry to revolve its state of mind and to build a new offer for its customers. This market opportunity is a new way of benefits for software companies.
{"title":"Les fabriques logicielles. De l'appréhension à l'implémentation active, un marché en devenir pour les technologies","authors":"C. Williamson","doi":"10.3166/obj.14.3.9-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3166/obj.14.3.9-14","url":null,"abstract":"Software engineering becomes more and more important for the software industry (editors and services business). In facts the rules of the market have changed with international economic competition. In the same time the strategic importance of information systems and technical complexity has increase. It's time for this industry to revolve its state of mind and to build a new offer for its customers. This market opportunity is a new way of benefits for software companies.","PeriodicalId":201701,"journal":{"name":"Obj. Logiciel Base données Réseaux","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114201065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Traceability is defined as the possibility to correlate the various artefacts (from requirement to source code) generated when developing software. In the context of software product line development, the problem is made even harder due to some characteristics specific to this software development approach. In this paper we discuss these problems specific to traceability for software product line development. We propose a taxonomy of traceability links. We also present a model to manage traceability of design decisions in the presence of uncertainty.
{"title":"La traçabilité dans les lignes de produits logiciels","authors":"Nicolas Anquetil, Joost Noppen, Ismênia Galvão","doi":"10.3166/obj.14.3.47-57","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3166/obj.14.3.47-57","url":null,"abstract":"Traceability is defined as the possibility to correlate the various artefacts (from requirement to source code) generated when developing software. In the context of software product line development, the problem is made even harder due to some characteristics specific to this software development approach. In this paper we discuss these problems specific to traceability for software product line development. We propose a taxonomy of traceability links. We also present a model to manage traceability of design decisions in the presence of uncertainty.","PeriodicalId":201701,"journal":{"name":"Obj. Logiciel Base données Réseaux","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128853019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-06-30DOI: 10.3166/obj.14.1-2.113-137
S. Chardigny, Abdelhak-Djamel Seriai, M. Oussalah, Dalila Tamzalit
Software architecture modeling and representation are a main phase of the development process of complex systems. In fact, software architecture representation provides many advantages during all phases of software life cycle. Nevertheless, for many systems, like legacy or eroded ones, there is no available representation of their architectures. In order to benefit from this representation, we propose, in this paper, an approach called ROMANTIC which focuses on extracting a component-based architecture of an existing object-oriented system. The main idea of this approach is to propose a quasi-automatic process of architecture recovery based on the quality characteristics of an architecture by formulating it as a search-based problem. This last acts on the space composed ofall possible architectures abstracting the object-oriented system.
{"title":"Extraction d'une architecture à base de composants depuis un système orienté objet. Une approche dirigée par les propriétés de qualité","authors":"S. Chardigny, Abdelhak-Djamel Seriai, M. Oussalah, Dalila Tamzalit","doi":"10.3166/obj.14.1-2.113-137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3166/obj.14.1-2.113-137","url":null,"abstract":"Software architecture modeling and representation are a main phase of the development process of complex systems. In fact, software architecture representation provides many advantages during all phases of software life cycle. Nevertheless, for many systems, like legacy or eroded ones, there is no available representation of their architectures. In order to benefit from this representation, we propose, in this paper, an approach called ROMANTIC which focuses on extracting a component-based architecture of an existing object-oriented system. The main idea of this approach is to propose a quasi-automatic process of architecture recovery based on the quality characteristics of an architecture by formulating it as a search-based problem. This last acts on the space composed ofall possible architectures abstracting the object-oriented system.","PeriodicalId":201701,"journal":{"name":"Obj. Logiciel Base données Réseaux","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132966051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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