Crustaceans occurring in the anchialine ponds of Siquijor Island are reported for the first time. The crustacean fauna in anchialine habitats consist of two species of shrimps and four species of crabs. Physico-chemical parameters measured in situ during the survey show typical characteristics of tropical anchialine habitats, i.e., subsurface temperatures ranged from 25°C to 29.6°C (mean ± standard deviation, throughout = 28.26 ± 1.87°C); pH of about 7.0; low dissolved oxygen (DO) level from 4.5 mg/L to 6.63 mg/L (5.93 ± 0.87 mg/L); and higher salinity in an open anchialine pool (21.7‰, Cambakjaw) than in anchialine caves, from 5.5‰ to 13.3‰ (12.18 ± 6.21‰). Degradation of anchialine habitats were observed as a result of agriculture run-off, human utilization (e.g., bathing and laundry) and, in one case, introduction of Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus.
{"title":"Anchialine crustaceans (Crustacea: Decapoda) from Siquijor Island, Philippines","authors":"Abner A. Bucol, M. Alcala","doi":"10.3860/PSCI.V50I0.3245","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3860/PSCI.V50I0.3245","url":null,"abstract":"Crustaceans occurring in the anchialine ponds of Siquijor Island are reported for the first time. The crustacean fauna in anchialine habitats consist of two species of shrimps and four species of crabs. Physico-chemical parameters measured in situ during the survey show typical characteristics of tropical anchialine habitats, i.e., subsurface temperatures ranged from 25°C to 29.6°C (mean ± standard deviation, throughout = 28.26 ± 1.87°C); pH of about 7.0; low dissolved oxygen (DO) level from 4.5 mg/L to 6.63 mg/L (5.93 ± 0.87 mg/L); and higher salinity in an open anchialine pool (21.7‰, Cambakjaw) than in anchialine caves, from 5.5‰ to 13.3‰ (12.18 ± 6.21‰). Degradation of anchialine habitats were observed as a result of agriculture run-off, human utilization (e.g., bathing and laundry) and, in one case, introduction of Tilapia Oreochromis niloticus.","PeriodicalId":206512,"journal":{"name":"The Philippine Scientist","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126508000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study examines the acute toxicity (48 h) of Lannate insecticide to three species of fish fingerling with different osmoregulatory capabilities, i.e., Oreochromis sp. (GET-Excel tilapia), Lates calcarifer (seabass), and Siganus fuscescens (rabbitfish). After 2 weeks acclimatization period in the laboratory, static bioassays were conducted to determine the median lethal concentration (LC 50 ). Three acute toxicity trials were conducted to determine mortality and observations were done at 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h. After 48 h, the mean LC 50 values were 7.73 ppm for GET-Excel Tilapia, 6.11 ppm for Lates calcarifer , and 1.47 ppm for Siganus fuscescens . Immediate changes in breathing rate were also observed upon introduction of Lannate into the medium, with Siganus fuscescens having the highest average breathing rate (74/min). Mortality increased with Lannate concentrations with Siganus fuscescens determined to be most sensitive to Lannate among the three species. Recent use of Lannate insecticide in killing nearshore fishes and the result of this study should serve as a wake-up call to regulate usage of this insecticide at the barangay level, i.e., the smallest administrative unit in the Philippines.
{"title":"Acute toxicity tests of Lannate insecticide on three commercially important fingerlings of the Visayas region, central Philippines","authors":"Adriano R. Melendres, D. Dy","doi":"10.3860/PSCI.V50I0.3246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3860/PSCI.V50I0.3246","url":null,"abstract":"The study examines the acute toxicity (48 h) of Lannate insecticide to three species of fish fingerling with different osmoregulatory capabilities, i.e., Oreochromis sp. (GET-Excel tilapia), Lates calcarifer (seabass), and Siganus fuscescens (rabbitfish). After 2 weeks acclimatization period in the laboratory, static bioassays were conducted to determine the median lethal concentration (LC 50 ). Three acute toxicity trials were conducted to determine mortality and observations were done at 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h. After 48 h, the mean LC 50 values were 7.73 ppm for GET-Excel Tilapia, 6.11 ppm for Lates calcarifer , and 1.47 ppm for Siganus fuscescens . Immediate changes in breathing rate were also observed upon introduction of Lannate into the medium, with Siganus fuscescens having the highest average breathing rate (74/min). Mortality increased with Lannate concentrations with Siganus fuscescens determined to be most sensitive to Lannate among the three species. Recent use of Lannate insecticide in killing nearshore fishes and the result of this study should serve as a wake-up call to regulate usage of this insecticide at the barangay level, i.e., the smallest administrative unit in the Philippines.","PeriodicalId":206512,"journal":{"name":"The Philippine Scientist","volume":"31 11","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114060229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Results of an inventory of the aquatic and paraaquatic beetle fauna (Insecta: Coleoptera) of small streams in a lake catchment of northern Palawan are presented. Thirty-two sample sites and the sampling methods used are described herein. A total of 56 species taxa were recorded, with the majority of the collected material determined to species level. References and information on ecology, distribution and collection sites are given for each identified taxon. Some taxa are recorded for the first time in the Philippines, and endemic and undescribed taxa are discussed. Additional environmental data of the sampled aquatic and the surrounding terrestrial habitats are provided and discussed in comparison with data of previous surveys in the area.
{"title":"Aquatic Coleoptera of the Lake Manguao Catchment, Palawan, the Philippines","authors":"H. Freitag, H. Zettel","doi":"10.3860/PSCI.V50I0.3243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3860/PSCI.V50I0.3243","url":null,"abstract":"Results of an inventory of the aquatic and paraaquatic beetle fauna (Insecta: Coleoptera) of small streams in a lake catchment of northern Palawan are presented. Thirty-two sample sites and the sampling methods used are described herein. A total of 56 species taxa were recorded, with the majority of the collected material determined to species level. References and information on ecology, distribution and collection sites are given for each identified taxon. Some taxa are recorded for the first time in the Philippines, and endemic and undescribed taxa are discussed. Additional environmental data of the sampled aquatic and the surrounding terrestrial habitats are provided and discussed in comparison with data of previous surveys in the area.","PeriodicalId":206512,"journal":{"name":"The Philippine Scientist","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122904002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Human activities in coastal areas may threaten biological communities and lead to the loss of biodiversity. This study compares the impact of human trampling on macrobenthic communities found in the low-, mid-, and high-tidal zones of the Rumassala Marine Sanctuary and two adjacent localities, Galle and Unawatuna. We used univariate measures, species area curves, and diversity indices to discriminate the impact of human activity on the rocky shore community assemblages. Results from index of disturbance of macrofauna and macroflora in more frequently visited sites like Galle and Unawatuna indicate that human presence tends to negatively affect the benthic assemblages; in contrast, human disturbance has a lower influence in Rumassala. There were more macrobenthic species in Rumassala (81) than in Galle (59) or Unawatuna (52), and Margalef’s and Shannon’s diversity indices, respectively, indicate the same trend, i.e., Rumassala (9.42, 3.17), Galle (7.21, 3.13), and Unawatuna (6.74, 2.90).
{"title":"Human disturbance in a tropical rocky shore reduces species diversity","authors":"K. Deepananda, E. Macusi","doi":"10.3860/PSCI.V50I0.3244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3860/PSCI.V50I0.3244","url":null,"abstract":"Human activities in coastal areas may threaten biological communities and lead to the loss of biodiversity. This study compares the impact of human trampling on macrobenthic communities found in the low-, mid-, and high-tidal zones of the Rumassala Marine Sanctuary and two adjacent localities, Galle and Unawatuna. We used univariate measures, species area curves, and diversity indices to discriminate the impact of human activity on the rocky shore community assemblages. Results from index of disturbance of macrofauna and macroflora in more frequently visited sites like Galle and Unawatuna indicate that human presence tends to negatively affect the benthic assemblages; in contrast, human disturbance has a lower influence in Rumassala. There were more macrobenthic species in Rumassala (81) than in Galle (59) or Unawatuna (52), and Margalef’s and Shannon’s diversity indices, respectively, indicate the same trend, i.e., Rumassala (9.42, 3.17), Galle (7.21, 3.13), and Unawatuna (6.74, 2.90).","PeriodicalId":206512,"journal":{"name":"The Philippine Scientist","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-04-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134007779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study presents results of faunistic surveys at Lake Naujan and two of its tributaries, Oriental Mindoro. These activities were part of the rapid ecological assessments conducted by the graduate students of the Biology Department of De La Salle University-Manila on February 22–23, 2010. The sampling sites examined are briefly described. Records of 49 Coleoptera and 12 Heteroptera species are listed, including 13 endemic taxa and five new records for the Philippines. All species, but in particular those with interest for conservation and new records from Mindoro or the Philippines are discussed.
{"title":"Aquatic Coleoptera and Heteroptera of the Lake Naujan National Park, Oriental Mindoro, the Philippines","authors":"H. Freitag, C. Pangantihon","doi":"10.3860/PSCI.V47I0.2424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3860/PSCI.V47I0.2424","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents results of faunistic surveys at Lake Naujan and two of its tributaries, Oriental Mindoro. These activities were part of the rapid ecological assessments conducted by the graduate students of the Biology Department of De La Salle University-Manila on February 22–23, 2010. The sampling sites examined are briefly described. Records of 49 Coleoptera and 12 Heteroptera species are listed, including 13 endemic taxa and five new records for the Philippines. All species, but in particular those with interest for conservation and new records from Mindoro or the Philippines are discussed.","PeriodicalId":206512,"journal":{"name":"The Philippine Scientist","volume":"50 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124375851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Initial Development of Marine Assemblages on Woody and Plastic (Polypropylene) Substrata","authors":"Louie L Olalia, Hernan S Urpiana, D. Dy","doi":"10.3860/PSCI.V46I0.1451","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3860/PSCI.V46I0.1451","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":206512,"journal":{"name":"The Philippine Scientist","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116259071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Andrea, V. A. Lazo, Kristine Kamille, P. Nieto, Felma S. Rayel, M. Andrea, M. Vergara, R. Donne, S. Papa
Pasig River is situated in the highly urbanized area of Metropolitan Manila. Rotifer composition, abundance and distribution were observed by analyzing plankton samples from five sites along the Pasig River from June to September 2007. Physical-chemical parameters were also measured for each sampling site. Thirty rotifer species had been identified and monthly differences in species number, abundance, temperature, and salinity have been observed. Variations in Shannon-Wiener diversity as well as dissolved oxygen (DO), temperature, Secchi Disc transparency and salinity were not noted between sampling sites. Lowest densities (54.55 indv/m 3 ) and DO values (range: 0-5.18 ppm) were seen in the area near the mouth of the San Juan River while highest density was noted in the vicinity of the Napindan Bridge near Laguna de Bay (259.94 indv/m 3 ). Changes in the number of rotifer species and abundance per month were related to the levels of dissolved oxygen, temperature and salinity. Pollution-tolerant and indicator species such as those from the genus Brachionus, Keratella, and Filinia were among the most common and abundant rotifers observed validating the eutrophic state of the river and its headwater.
{"title":"Composition, Abundance and Distribution of Rotifers in the Pasig River, Philippines","authors":"M. Andrea, V. A. Lazo, Kristine Kamille, P. Nieto, Felma S. Rayel, M. Andrea, M. Vergara, R. Donne, S. Papa","doi":"10.3860/PSCI.V46I0.1452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3860/PSCI.V46I0.1452","url":null,"abstract":"Pasig River is situated in the highly urbanized area of Metropolitan Manila. Rotifer composition, abundance and distribution were observed by analyzing plankton samples from five sites along the Pasig River from June to September 2007. Physical-chemical parameters were also measured for each sampling site. Thirty rotifer species had been identified and monthly differences in species number, abundance, temperature, and salinity have been observed. Variations in Shannon-Wiener diversity as well as dissolved oxygen (DO), temperature, Secchi Disc transparency and salinity were not noted between sampling sites. Lowest densities (54.55 indv/m 3 ) and DO values (range: 0-5.18 ppm) were seen in the area near the mouth of the San Juan River while highest density was noted in the vicinity of the Napindan Bridge near Laguna de Bay (259.94 indv/m 3 ). Changes in the number of rotifer species and abundance per month were related to the levels of dissolved oxygen, temperature and salinity. Pollution-tolerant and indicator species such as those from the genus Brachionus, Keratella, and Filinia were among the most common and abundant rotifers observed validating the eutrophic state of the river and its headwater.","PeriodicalId":206512,"journal":{"name":"The Philippine Scientist","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114727445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Use of Wood Fuel for Cooking Among Urban Households in Cebu City","authors":"Francisco M. Largo","doi":"10.3860/PSCI.V46I0.1455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3860/PSCI.V46I0.1455","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":206512,"journal":{"name":"The Philippine Scientist","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115159365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Removal of Manganese from Natural and Seawater using Magnesium oxide","authors":"S. Asaoka, K. Fujii, J. Kawaguchi, M. Aono","doi":"10.3860/PSCI.V46I0.1453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3860/PSCI.V46I0.1453","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":206512,"journal":{"name":"The Philippine Scientist","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130192169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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