Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.29004/jkmch.2023.06.105.7
Jian-hong Wang
Before the establishment of diplomatic ties between China and ROK, Chinese academic circles had begun to study the Korean Independence Movement, but lay particular emphasis on the early anti-Japanese independence activities such as the “Conscript Movement” and the “March 1st Movement”. In the early 1980s, with the advance of China’s reform and opening-up policy, scholars in mainland China began to pay attention to the history of Korean independence movement under the influence of the Chinese Society of Korean History. After the establishment of diplomatic ties between China and ROK in 1992, with the help of the governments and academic circles, several research centers have been established, such as Yanbian University ,Jilin Academy of Social Sciences, Fudan University, Peking University,etc. Several publications, such as Contemporary Korea and Chinese Journal of Korean Studies, have been published successively, and the history of Korean Independence Movement has shown a vigorous development trend. Chinese academic circles focus on the March 1st Movement, the Korean Provisional Government, the Korean armed forces in China, the Korean independence movement and CPC, as well as the Korean diaspora, propaganda activities, and mutual understanding between China and ROK. Chinese academic circles have a relatively accurate grasp of the macro background, but lack of attention to the domestic history of ROK. In recent years, due to the fluctuation of Sino-ROK relations, the academic exchanges and the number of works on the history of the independence movement in China and ROK appear signs of relative decline. The academic circle should attach importance to and support the development and utilization of academic resources in the central and western regions of China, and actively promote the academic exchange and talent reserve between the two sides.
{"title":"Trends and Achievements of Korean Independence Movement History Research in Chinese Academia(1992~2021)","authors":"Jian-hong Wang","doi":"10.29004/jkmch.2023.06.105.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29004/jkmch.2023.06.105.7","url":null,"abstract":"Before the establishment of diplomatic ties between China and ROK, Chinese academic circles had begun to study the Korean Independence Movement, but lay particular emphasis on the early anti-Japanese independence activities such as the “Conscript Movement” and the “March 1st Movement”. In the early 1980s, with the advance of China’s reform and opening-up policy, scholars in mainland China began to pay attention to the history of Korean independence movement under the influence of the Chinese Society of Korean History. After the establishment of diplomatic ties between China and ROK in 1992, with the help of the governments and academic circles, several research centers have been established, such as Yanbian University ,Jilin Academy of Social Sciences, Fudan University, Peking University,etc. Several publications, such as Contemporary Korea and Chinese Journal of Korean Studies, have been published successively, and the history of Korean Independence Movement has shown a vigorous development trend. \u0000Chinese academic circles focus on the March 1st Movement, the Korean Provisional Government, the Korean armed forces in China, the Korean independence movement and CPC, as well as the Korean diaspora, propaganda activities, and mutual understanding between China and ROK. Chinese academic circles have a relatively accurate grasp of the macro background, but lack of attention to the domestic history of ROK. In recent years, due to the fluctuation of Sino-ROK relations, the academic exchanges and the number of works on the history of the independence movement in China and ROK appear signs of relative decline. \u0000The academic circle should attach importance to and support the development and utilization of academic resources in the central and western regions of China, and actively promote the academic exchange and talent reserve between the two sides.","PeriodicalId":206821,"journal":{"name":"The Association for Korean Modern and Contemporary History","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125613258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.29004/jkmch.2023.06.105.61
Brandon Palmer
The Republic of Korea has been among the United States’ most reliable allies over the past seventy years. The two countries have developed a security alliance and an economic relationship that is mutually beneficial; for example, the United States has armed forces stationed on the Korean Peninsula, and South Korea is America’s sixth largest trade partner. However, despite the closeness of the two nations, American society has remained Eurocentric. As a result, most Americans know little about South Korea, its history, or its struggles against Japanese colonialism, which are critical to Korean nationalism. This essay is an assessment of what Americans know about the Korean independence movement and how to rectify American ignorance of the Korean struggle for freedom.
{"title":"The Status of Studies on the Korean Independence Movement in the U.S.","authors":"Brandon Palmer","doi":"10.29004/jkmch.2023.06.105.61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29004/jkmch.2023.06.105.61","url":null,"abstract":"The Republic of Korea has been among the United States’ most reliable allies over the past seventy years. The two countries have developed a security alliance and an economic relationship that is mutually beneficial; for example, the United States has armed forces stationed on the Korean Peninsula, and South Korea is America’s sixth largest trade partner. However, despite the closeness of the two nations, American society has remained Eurocentric. As a result, most Americans know little about South Korea, its history, or its struggles against Japanese colonialism, which are critical to Korean nationalism. This essay is an assessment of what Americans know about the Korean independence movement and how to rectify American ignorance of the Korean struggle for freedom.","PeriodicalId":206821,"journal":{"name":"The Association for Korean Modern and Contemporary History","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134610219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.29004/jkmch.2023.06.105.193
Y. Lee
The eight years before and after the division were the turbulent times of liberation, division, and war. This period required cultural planning to create members of a new era and group. During this period, the memorial was a major plan to secure the legitimacy of the group and form the identity of internal members through the meaning of death and the hierarchy of death. To this end, a memorial ceremony was held for the death of various ethnic groups from the past to the present immediately after liberation. The left and right sides each selected the object of the memorial ceremony and held a memorial ceremony to secure public support. However, as the political landscape of the liberation space changed, the memorial system began to be reorganized. Throughout the division, many memorial systems were forgotten in public space. However, the importance of the memorial ceremony for the soldiers and police who died was further emphasized. Through the Yeosu-Suncheon Incident and the battle on the 38th parallel, the status of the memorial ceremony for war dead was strengthened, while the scale of the implementation of the memorial ceremony was expanded. Throughout the war, the date of the three-gun joint memorial ceremony began to be regularized for the first time. In addition, on the day of the memorial service, the Republic of Korea requested the voluntary participation of the people through public action guidelines such as prohibition of drinking and dancing, silence, and self-reflection. However, as can be seen from the issue of the support of bereaved families, the gap between the state and the people regarding the decree still existed. Nevertheless, the three-gun joint memorial system was regularized on a nationwide scale under the leadership of the state, and became a representative memorial ceremony in Korea.
{"title":"Reorganization of the memorial ceremony and changes in ceremonies before and after the division (1945~1953)","authors":"Y. Lee","doi":"10.29004/jkmch.2023.06.105.193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29004/jkmch.2023.06.105.193","url":null,"abstract":"The eight years before and after the division were the turbulent times of liberation, division, and war. This period required cultural planning to create members of a new era and group. During this period, the memorial was a major plan to secure the legitimacy of the group and form the identity of internal members through the meaning of death and the hierarchy of death. To this end, a memorial ceremony was held for the death of various ethnic groups from the past to the present immediately after liberation. The left and right sides each selected the object of the memorial ceremony and held a memorial ceremony to secure public support. However, as the political landscape of the liberation space changed, the memorial system began to be reorganized. Throughout the division, many memorial systems were forgotten in public space. However, the importance of the memorial ceremony for the soldiers and police who died was further emphasized. Through the Yeosu-Suncheon Incident and the battle on the 38th parallel, the status of the memorial ceremony for war dead was strengthened, while the scale of the implementation of the memorial ceremony was expanded. Throughout the war, the date of the three-gun joint memorial ceremony began to be regularized for the first time. In addition, on the day of the memorial service, the Republic of Korea requested the voluntary participation of the people through public action guidelines such as prohibition of drinking and dancing, silence, and self-reflection. However, as can be seen from the issue of the support of bereaved families, the gap between the state and the people regarding the decree still existed. Nevertheless, the three-gun joint memorial system was regularized on a nationwide scale under the leadership of the state, and became a representative memorial ceremony in Korea.","PeriodicalId":206821,"journal":{"name":"The Association for Korean Modern and Contemporary History","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134083346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.29004/jkmch.2023.06.105.79
Jangwon Lee
Korean Studies research in France has achieved remarkable growth both quantitatively and qualitatively due to Korea's economic growth and increasing cultural influence. Currently, in-depth research is being conducted across all fields, expanding the scope to Korean studies as a whole, not just Korean language education. Unfortunately, however, the field of research on the history of the independence movement is far from the interest of institutions, researchers, and students. In this situation, the emergence of the Korean-French Independence Movement History Research Association (Libertas), founded in 2017, is encouraging. Members held several international academic conferences related to the history of the Korean independence movement, and achieved significant results through active activities such as excavation of a large number of materials and posthumous writings of independence activists. Although the framework for research and dissemination of the history of the Korean independence movement in France has been established, it is still in a basic state due to realistic limitations. Financial and academic support, as well as the interest and active participation of many researchers in Korea, are needed to vitalize research on the history of the independence movement.
{"title":"The Current Status of Korean Studies in France and the Revitalization of Korean Independence Movement","authors":"Jangwon Lee","doi":"10.29004/jkmch.2023.06.105.79","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29004/jkmch.2023.06.105.79","url":null,"abstract":"Korean Studies research in France has achieved remarkable growth both quantitatively and qualitatively due to Korea's economic growth and increasing cultural influence. Currently, in-depth research is being conducted across all fields, expanding the scope to Korean studies as a whole, not just Korean language education. Unfortunately, however, the field of research on the history of the independence movement is far from the interest of institutions, researchers, and students. In this situation, the emergence of the Korean-French Independence Movement History Research Association (Libertas), founded in 2017, is encouraging. Members held several international academic conferences related to the history of the Korean independence movement, and achieved significant results through active activities such as excavation of a large number of materials and posthumous writings of independence activists. Although the framework for research and dissemination of the history of the Korean independence movement in France has been established, it is still in a basic state due to realistic limitations. Financial and academic support, as well as the interest and active participation of many researchers in Korea, are needed to vitalize research on the history of the independence movement.","PeriodicalId":206821,"journal":{"name":"The Association for Korean Modern and Contemporary History","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117169697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.29004/jkmch.2023.06.105.103
Joo-yong Kim
The materials related to Shinheung Military Academy, owned by the Diplomatic Archives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan, along with materials left by independence activists, such as Seokju’s posthumous death, Baekha Diary, and Won Byeongsang’s memoirs, must be very important for the study of Shinheung Military School. Among the materials used in the study of Shinheung Military Academy, the most mentioned are the materials left by independence activists. However, in order to more clearly reveal the reality of Shinheung Military Academy, it is urgent to utilize the materials owned by the Diplomatic Archives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. Although it contains a lot of incomplete information such as spying, it is of high usefulness as it provides relatively extensive information on the current status of Korean migration in the West Gando region and of organizations directly or indirectly related to Shinheung Military Academy, such as Gyeonghaksa, Bumindan, and Jasakgye. The materials possessed by the Japanese Diplomatic Archives are reports of consuls and vice-consuls of consulates dispatched to the country, and secret agents, and are essential data for research on the history of the Korean independence movement. In particular, the reports of the spies were evidence that revealed the ‘inner life of the independence movement’ of those who had deeply infiltrated the Korean independence movement world. Sinheung Military Academy was the organization that the Japanese paid the most attention to in the West Gando region. It was because it was an organization that encompassed both the aspect of cultivating the independence army and the aspect of being the center of Korean society. Therefore, among the materials of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan, Shinheung Education Association, Livelihood Association, and Shingye, etc, which have not been revealed so far, are considered to be data that will reveal more abundantly the reality of the independence movement of Shinheung Military School and outlying organizations and the situation related to bomb production and importation into Korea in the future. In addition, there is an aspect in which research on the Bumindan and the Han Chinese Association has not been relatively progressed compared to the known status so far.
{"title":"Sinheung Military Academy as Seen from the Data Collection of the Japanese Diplomatic Archives: Bright and Darkness of Secret Intelligence Reports","authors":"Joo-yong Kim","doi":"10.29004/jkmch.2023.06.105.103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29004/jkmch.2023.06.105.103","url":null,"abstract":"The materials related to Shinheung Military Academy, owned by the Diplomatic Archives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan, along with materials left by independence activists, such as Seokju’s posthumous death, Baekha Diary, and Won Byeongsang’s memoirs, must be very important for the study of Shinheung Military School. Among the materials used in the study of Shinheung Military Academy, the most mentioned are the materials left by independence activists. However, in order to more clearly reveal the reality of Shinheung Military Academy, it is urgent to utilize the materials owned by the Diplomatic Archives of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan. Although it contains a lot of incomplete information such as spying, it is of high usefulness as it provides relatively extensive information on the current status of Korean migration in the West Gando region and of organizations directly or indirectly related to Shinheung Military Academy, such as Gyeonghaksa, Bumindan, and Jasakgye. The materials possessed by the Japanese Diplomatic Archives are reports of consuls and vice-consuls of consulates dispatched to the country, and secret agents, and are essential data for research on the history of the Korean independence movement. In particular, the reports of the spies were evidence that revealed the ‘inner life of the independence movement’ of those who had deeply infiltrated the Korean independence movement world. \u0000Sinheung Military Academy was the organization that the Japanese paid the most attention to in the West Gando region. It was because it was an organization that encompassed both the aspect of cultivating the independence army and the aspect of being the center of Korean society. Therefore, among the materials of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan, Shinheung Education Association, Livelihood Association, and Shingye, etc, which have not been revealed so far, are considered to be data that will reveal more abundantly the reality of the independence movement of Shinheung Military School and outlying organizations and the situation related to bomb production and importation into Korea in the future. In addition, there is an aspect in which research on the Bumindan and the Han Chinese Association has not been relatively progressed compared to the known status so far.","PeriodicalId":206821,"journal":{"name":"The Association for Korean Modern and Contemporary History","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129780137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.29004/jkmch.2023.06.105.169
Si-Hyun Ryu
In order to explore the topic of Korean Studies in the 1930s, we must first examine the temporal category of the 1930s. In other words, the Great Depression of 1929. The Great Depression called into question the “progress” of the Anglo-American capitalist system and raised expectations of change for socialists. More specifically, it questioned whether capitalism, which had driven the development and civilization of the West, could continue to do so. The ‘East’ was seen as a critical alternative to Western modernity. Previous research on Korean Studies in the 1930s has been conducted using the keywords 1930s, but there has been little consideration of the popularization of Korean Studies in 1930s. In this article, I will look for the popularization of Korean Studies in the spread of researchers and research topics and their communication with the public. For this purpose, I will examine the magazines ≪ Jogwang≫ and ≪ Joseonmyeonginjeon≫ together. The former introduced Choson history and culture to a mass audience, while the latter engaged experts in academia to ‘popularize’ historical figures. In the late 1930s, the contents of and reflected the situation of the ‘wartime regime’. Nevertheless, both media focused on popularizing knowledge and information about Korean history and culture. The difference between the two is that ‘common knowledge’ about Korean history and culture, including yadam, was excluded from ≪ Joseonmyeonginjeon≫ . This popularization of the study of Korean history and culture in the late 1930s was both continuous and disconnected from the study of Korean studies after liberation.
{"title":"Popularization of Korean historical and cultural studies in the 1930s","authors":"Si-Hyun Ryu","doi":"10.29004/jkmch.2023.06.105.169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29004/jkmch.2023.06.105.169","url":null,"abstract":"In order to explore the topic of Korean Studies in the 1930s, we must first examine the temporal category of the 1930s. In other words, the Great Depression of 1929. The Great Depression called into question the “progress” of the Anglo-American capitalist system and raised expectations of change for socialists. More specifically, it questioned whether capitalism, which had driven the development and civilization of the West, could continue to do so. The ‘East’ was seen as a critical alternative to Western modernity. \u0000Previous research on Korean Studies in the 1930s has been conducted using the keywords 1930s, but there has been little consideration of the popularization of Korean Studies in 1930s. In this article, I will look for the popularization of Korean Studies in the spread of researchers and research topics and their communication with the public. For this purpose, I will examine the magazines ≪ Jogwang≫ and ≪ Joseonmyeonginjeon≫ together. The former introduced Choson history and culture to a mass audience, while the latter engaged experts in academia to ‘popularize’ historical figures. \u0000In the late 1930s, the contents of and reflected the situation of the ‘wartime regime’. Nevertheless, both media focused on popularizing knowledge and information about Korean history and culture. The difference between the two is that ‘common knowledge’ about Korean history and culture, including yadam, was excluded from ≪ Joseonmyeonginjeon≫ . This popularization of the study of Korean history and culture in the late 1930s was both continuous and disconnected from the study of Korean studies after liberation.","PeriodicalId":206821,"journal":{"name":"The Association for Korean Modern and Contemporary History","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127471821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-30DOI: 10.29004/jkmch.2023.06.105.133
Hyeong Dae Lee
This study aims to examine how employment agencies changed and played a role during the colonial period. The first employment agency that appeared in colonial Joseon was the Incheon Christian Youth Association’s employment agency, which opened in 1911. The daily introduction performance of job agencies surged in the early 1930s, especially in some areas. The employment agency arranged workers for large-scale construction in the 1930s. Areas that received a lot of construction costs and areas with particularly high performance are consistent. It is also confirmed several times that large-scale construction has caused a surge in performance. In 1940, a legal system was established, but it did not provide sufficient personnel. Due to the lack of employment agencies, it was not possible to take charge of labor administration, and the number of employed people through employment agencies was small. In other words, the employment agency did not have much influence in Joseon.
{"title":"The Role and Change of the Employment Agency in the Japanese colonial era","authors":"Hyeong Dae Lee","doi":"10.29004/jkmch.2023.06.105.133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29004/jkmch.2023.06.105.133","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to examine how employment agencies changed and played a role during the colonial period. \u0000The first employment agency that appeared in colonial Joseon was the Incheon Christian Youth Association’s employment agency, which opened in 1911. The daily introduction performance of job agencies surged in the early 1930s, especially in some areas. \u0000The employment agency arranged workers for large-scale construction in the 1930s. Areas that received a lot of construction costs and areas with particularly high performance are consistent. It is also confirmed several times that large-scale construction has caused a surge in performance. \u0000In 1940, a legal system was established, but it did not provide sufficient personnel. Due to the lack of employment agencies, it was not possible to take charge of labor administration, and the number of employed people through employment agencies was small. In other words, the employment agency did not have much influence in Joseon.","PeriodicalId":206821,"journal":{"name":"The Association for Korean Modern and Contemporary History","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115363133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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