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Influence of citrate copper-plating electrolyte, its components and ultra-dispersed diamonds additives on surface properties of steel 柠檬酸盐镀铜电解液及其组分和超分散金刚石添加剂对钢表面性能的影响
Q4 Chemistry Pub Date : 2022-03-10 DOI: 10.29235/1561-8331-2022-58-1-26-35
V. V. Yaskelchik, I. Zharsky, A. Chernik
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引用次数: 0
Rheological properties and in vitro hydrolytic stability of the carboxymethylcellulose–dioxidine composition 羧甲基纤维素-二氧化二胺组合物的流变性能及体外水解稳定性
Q4 Chemistry Pub Date : 2022-03-09 DOI: 10.29235/1561-8331-2022-58-1-7-16
T. L. Yurkshtovich, N. Yurkshtovich, N. Golub, R. I. Kosterova, Y. I. Pristromova, S. O. Solomevich, P. M. Bychkovsky
The composition of carboxymethylcellulose–dioxydine was obtained and its structural, morphological and rheological characteristics in the processes of heat treatment and chemical hydrolysis were studied. Using IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and viscometry, it has been established that the introduction of dioxidine into a solution of carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt with different molecular weights leads to partial disordering of hydrogen bonds between macromolecules, promotes thermal destruction of the polysaccharide and a decrease in the dynamic viscosity of solutions. Experimental kinetic curves of carboxymethylcellulose hydrolysis in the presence and absence of dioxidine were obtained, and it was shown that they could be described using a first-order equation. The hydrolysis rate coefficients were calculated, and it was shown that, as a result of heat treatment, as well as in the presence of an active substance, the rate of carboxymethylcellulose hydrolysis increased. The change in the rheological properties of carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt solutions with different degrees of polymerization in the presence of an antimicrobial substance should be taken into account when choosing the composition of viscous prolonged forms of biologically active substances. 
得到了羧甲基纤维素-二氧吡啶的组成,研究了其在热处理和化学水解过程中的结构、形态和流变特性。通过红外光谱、扫描电镜、粘度测定等方法证实,在不同分子量的羧甲基纤维素钠盐溶液中引入二氧化二胺,会导致大分子间氢键的部分紊乱,促进多糖的热破坏,降低溶液的动态粘度。得到了二氧化二胺存在和不存在时羧甲基纤维素水解的实验动力学曲线,并证明其可以用一阶方程描述。计算了水解速率系数,结果表明,由于热处理以及活性物质的存在,羧甲基纤维素的水解速率增加。在选择黏性延长形式的生物活性物质的组成时,应考虑到具有不同聚合程度的羧甲基纤维素钠盐溶液在抗菌物质存在下流变特性的变化。
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引用次数: 0
Titration of weak base fibrous anion exchangers in the presence of complex-forming divalent cations 弱碱纤维阴离子交换剂在形成络合物的二价阳离子存在下的滴定
Q4 Chemistry Pub Date : 2021-12-03 DOI: 10.29235/1561-8331-2021-57-4-391-399
V. Soldatov, L. N. Shachenkova, E. Kasandrovich, P. V. Nesteronok
Curves of potentiometric titration of fully protonized fibrous ion exchangers with potassium hydroxide against the background of 1 M KCl in the presence of chlorides of Ni2+, Со2+, Сu2+ and Ca2+ were obtained. The ion exchangers were synthesized by modifying of industrial polyacrylonitrile fiber with diethylenetriamine and triethylenetetraamine and predominantly contained functional groups R-CO-NH- (CH2CH2NH)nH (n = 2 or 3) and a small amount of carboxyl groups. The sorption of Ni2+, Со2+, Сu2+ и Ca2+by ion exchangers was calculated from the data obtained depending on the pH of the medium. It was found that the investigated ion exchangers with high selectivity sorb heavy metal ions in a wide range of acidity of solutions (pH 2–9) due to the formation of metal-polymer complexes with polyamine functional groups. The maximum sorption capacity is 1.5–2.7 and 4–5 meq/g for ion exchangers with n = 2 and 3, respectively.
得到了在1 M KCl背景下,在Ni2+、Со2+、Сu2+和Ca2+等氯化物存在下,氢氧化钾对全质子化纤维离子交换剂的电位滴定曲线。采用二乙烯三胺和三乙烯四胺对工业聚丙烯腈纤维进行改性,合成了以R-CO-NH- (CH2CH2NH)nH (n = 2或3)为主官能团和少量羧基为主的离子交换剂。离子交换剂对Ni2+, Со2+, Сu2+, Ca2+的吸附量根据介质的pH值计算。结果表明,所研究的离子交换剂通过与多胺官能团形成金属-聚合物配合物,在较宽的酸度范围(pH 2 ~ 9)内具有较高的选择性吸附重金属离子。当n = 2和3时,离子交换剂的最大吸附量分别为1.5 ~ 2.7和4 ~ 5 meq/g。
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引用次数: 0
Enzymatic hydrolysis of plant raw materials: state and prospects 植物原料酶解研究现状与展望
Q4 Chemistry Pub Date : 2021-12-03 DOI: 10.29235/1561-8331-2021-57-4-502-512
V. S. Boltovsky
Plant raw materials are practically an inexhaustible natural resource, since they are constantly renewed in the process of plant photosynthesis, which determines the prospects for their use for industrial processing in various ways, including hydrolytic. The main biopolymer components of plant biomass in terms of their quantitative content are polysaccharides, the hydrolytic processing of which by acidic or enzymatic hydrolysis leads to the formation of monosaccharides and various products obtained from them. This review of scientific literature analyzes theoretical concepts and the current state of research on the development, improvement and prospects for the use of enzymatic hydrolysis of plant raw materials. The efficiency of this process and the composition of the resulting products largely depend on the features of the supramolecular structure of cellulose, the content of hemicelluloses and lignin in the raw material, the balance and activity of the cellulase complex of enzymes. It is shown that the main directions of development and improvement of the processes of enzymatic hydrolysis of plant raw materials at present are the production and use of more effective strains of microorganisms that produce highly active enzymes, the directed creation of complex enzymes (hydrolyzing not only cellulose, but also hemicellulose, as well as destroying lignin), the development of methods for pretreatment of raw materials to increase the reactivity of cellulose and remove lignin and improve the processes of fermentolysis.
植物原料实际上是一种取之不尽、用之不竭的自然资源,因为它们在植物的光合作用过程中不断得到更新,这决定了它们在各种工业加工中使用的前景,包括水解。从数量上看,植物生物量的主要生物聚合物成分是多糖,通过酸水解或酶水解对其进行水解处理,形成单糖和由单糖得到的各种产品。本文综述了植物原料酶解的理论概念和研究现状,并对酶解技术的发展、改进和应用前景进行了展望。这一过程的效率和最终产物的组成在很大程度上取决于纤维素的超分子结构特征、原料中半纤维素和木质素的含量、酶的纤维素酶复合物的平衡和活性。结果表明,目前植物原料酶解工艺发展和改进的主要方向是生产和利用更有效的生产高活性酶的微生物菌株,定向创造复合酶(不仅水解纤维素,还水解半纤维素,以及破坏木质素),原料预处理方法的发展,以提高纤维素的反应性,去除木质素和改进发酵过程。
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引用次数: 1
Interconnection of phospholipolysis and monooxygenase catalysis 磷脂分解与单加氧酶催化的相互联系
Q4 Chemistry Pub Date : 2021-12-03 DOI: 10.29235/1561-8331-2021-57-4-488-501
N. M. Litvinko
A review of the main experimental results in the field of studying the interaction in vivo and in vitro of enzyme systems responsible for the metabolism of arachidonic acid is presented. Metabolic events from its release from phospholipids (phospholipase A2) to its transformation (cytochromes P450) into the most important intracellular messengers of external signal transmission to the internal “language of the cell” are discussed.
综述了花生四烯酸代谢酶系统体内外相互作用的主要实验结果。从其从磷脂(磷脂酶A2)释放到转化(细胞色素P450)为细胞内最重要的外部信号传递到内部“细胞语言”的代谢事件进行了讨论。
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引用次数: 0
Synthesis of new thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidine derivatives and in silico analysis of their bioactivity 新噻唑[3,2-a]嘧啶衍生物的合成及其生物活性的硅分析
Q4 Chemistry Pub Date : 2021-12-03 DOI: 10.29235/1561-8331-2021-57-4-456-462
I. V. Mineeva, Y. Faletrov, V. A. Starovoytova, V. Shkumatov
An effective method of synthesis thiazolo[3,2-a]pyrimidine derivatives was developed and the compounds with n-pentyl or β-acetoxycyclopropyl as well as fluorescent benzo[f]coumarin substituents were obtained with yields 60 % and more. Using computational (in silico) approaches we demonstrated the ability of the obtained compounds to permeate lipid bilayer as well as their affinity to some protein kinases (compounds 4 and 6 bind with a protein kinase AKT1 with PDB code 3о96; Autodock Vina-computed energy of binding (Ebind) values were -10.9 and -10.6 kcal/mol, respectively), acethylcholine esterase and some human cytochromes P450 (for P450 3A4, pdb 5vcd, Ebind -12.3 kcal/mol).
建立了一种合成噻唑[3,2-a]嘧啶衍生物的有效方法,得到了含有正戊基或β-乙酰氧基环丙基以及荧光苯并[f]香豆素取代基的化合物,收率达60%以上。使用计算机(计算机)方法,我们证明了所获得的化合物渗透脂质双分子层的能力以及它们对一些蛋白激酶的亲和力(化合物4和6与PDB代码3sat96的蛋白激酶AKT1结合;Autodock vina计算的结合能(Ebind)值分别为-10.9和-10.6 kcal/mol),乙酰胆碱酯酶和一些人类细胞色素P450 (P450 3A4, pdb 5vcd, Ebind -12.3 kcal/mol)。
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引用次数: 1
Surface and optical properties of calcium carbonate paper 碳酸钙纸的表面及光学性能
Q4 Chemistry Pub Date : 2021-12-03 DOI: 10.29235/1561-8331-2021-57-4-472-479
I. Ismailov, K. Babakhanova, A. A. Sadriddinov, M. A. Babahanova, D. Saidova
The article investigates the surface and optical properties of calcium carbonate paper obtained at the UzbekChinese enterprise Fergana stone paper company (Uzbekistan), in order to identify the possibility of their use at printing enterprises for printing multicolor products using traditional printing methods. According to the results of a quantitative assessment of the surface quality by the indirect Beck method, we can say that paper sample 1 has a smoothness like coated paper (750–1500 s), paper samples 2 and 3 – like calendered paper, so that these paper samples can be recommended for prints with increased quality requirements. Smaller values of roughness Ra and small depressions, expressed by darkening in the topographic AFM images, characterized sufficient homogeneity and density of the structure. It was also revealed that the surface of the paper samples has a high ability to specularly reflect the incident light, since the percentage of surface reflection is similar to that of coated papers. Samples of paper have a whiteness of about 90 % and do not have a tint, since the difference between the maximum and minimum values of the reflection coefficients on a white stack is not more than 10 %. The tested paper samples can be recommended without restrictions for double-sided printing, since the opacity index is more than 92 %.
本文考察了乌中合资企业费尔干纳石材纸公司(乌兹别克斯坦)生产的碳酸钙纸的表面和光学性能,以确定其在印刷企业使用传统印刷方法印刷多色产品的可能性。根据间接贝克法对表面质量的定量评估结果,我们可以说,纸样1具有像铜版纸(750-1500秒)一样的平滑度,纸样2和纸样3具有像压延纸一样的平滑度,因此这些纸样可以推荐用于对质量要求较高的印刷品。较小的粗糙度Ra值和较小的凹陷,在地形AFM图像中通过变暗表示,表明结构具有足够的均匀性和密度。研究还表明,由于表面反射率与涂布纸相似,纸张样品的表面具有很高的镜面反射入射光的能力。纸张样品的白度约为90%,没有色调,因为白色堆叠上反射系数的最大值和最小值之间的差异不超过10%。由于不透明度指数大于92%,因此可以推荐不受限制的纸张样品用于双面印刷。
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引用次数: 1
Protective Langmuir–Blodgett coatings based on long-chain fatty acids 基于长链脂肪酸的保护性Langmuir-Blodgett涂层
Q4 Chemistry Pub Date : 2021-12-03 DOI: 10.29235/1561-8331-2021-57-4-480-487
V. Akulova, A. Salamianski, G. Melnikova, D. A. Nekrashevich, Yu. V. Sinkevich, I. Chishankov, V. Agabekov
The morphology and tribotechnical properties of Langmuir–Blodgett (LB) monolayers and multilayers of some fatty acids, such as nervonic (NA), cerotic (CA) and montanic acids (OCA), was investigated. It was established that the wear resistance of silicon surface coated by LB monolayer of OCA is greater by 11 and 1.3 times in comparison with the LB monomolecular films of NA and CA, respectively. The multilayer of OCA, formed by 140 layers, increases the stability of steel surface by 35 times.
研究了神经酸(NA)、碳酸酸(CA)和单质脂肪酸(OCA)的Langmuir-Blodgett (LB)单层膜和多层膜的形貌和摩擦学性能。结果表明,与NA和CA LB单分子膜相比,OCA LB单分子膜在硅表面的耐磨性分别提高了11倍和1.3倍。由140层组成的多层OCA使钢表面的稳定性提高了35倍。
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引用次数: 0
Preparation and characterization of recombinant human glutathione transferase P1 and screening of novel enzyme inhibitors 重组人谷胱甘肽转移酶P1的制备、表征及新型酶抑制剂的筛选
Q4 Chemistry Pub Date : 2021-12-03 DOI: 10.29235/1561-8331-2021-57-4-438-455
S. N. Gilevich, Yu. V. Brechka
Human glutathione transferase P1 (GSTP1) plays an important role in the second phase of xenobiotic biotransformation and in the regulation of apoptotic signal pathways. Directed screening of new enzyme inhibitors is an actual task since selective suppression of GSTP1 activity in tumor cells may substantially increase their sensitivity to chemotherapy. Known methods to obtain recombinant GSTP1 with a hexahistidine tag in the structure are complex, laborious, and suffer from significant losses of the enzyme activity. With the aim to create a simple and effective bacterial expression system for tagless GSTP1 posessing native structure and high activity, in the present work the full-length gstp1 gene was cloned into the pTXB1 plasmid vector, followed by transformation of E. coli cells. The optimized expression level amounted to 30–32 mg of the enzyme per liter of broth. Using glutathione-containing affinity membranes, the purified enzyme was isolated from bacterial lysate with the yield of 75.7 % and specific activity of 102.6 U/mg protein. The enzyme homogeneity was confirmed by gel-electrophoretic and mass-spectrometric data. Physico-chemical and catalytic properties of recombinant GSTP1 practically coincided with those of the native erythrocytary enzyme. The results of in silico and in vitro screening allowed to reveal structural factors and interactions determining the efficiency of the enzyme inhibition by carbocyclic and N-heterocyclic ligands. The preferable orientation of “good” inhibitors in the GSTP1 H-site was also established. Three strong enzyme inhibitors were found: 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione, Alizarin Red S, and indigo carmine, with their respective IC50 values of 31, 16 and 2.3 μM. The new inhibitors are of certain interest for the development of novel lead structures with potential antitumor activity.
人谷胱甘肽转移酶P1 (GSTP1)在异种生物转化的第二阶段和凋亡信号通路的调控中起重要作用。定向筛选新的酶抑制剂是一项实际任务,因为肿瘤细胞中选择性抑制GSTP1活性可能会大大增加其对化疗的敏感性。已知的获得结构中含有六组氨酸标签的重组GSTP1的方法复杂、费力,并且酶活性损失很大。为了建立一种简单有效、具有天然结构和高活性的无标签GSTP1细菌表达系统,本研究将GSTP1全长基因克隆到pTXB1质粒载体上,然后转化大肠杆菌细胞。最佳表达量为30 ~ 32 mg / l肉汤。利用含谷胱甘肽亲和膜从细菌裂解液中分离得到纯化酶,产率为75.7%,比活性为102.6 U/mg蛋白。酶的均匀性经凝胶电泳和质谱分析证实。重组GSTP1的理化性质和催化性能与天然红细胞酶基本一致。硅和体外筛选的结果揭示了结构因素和相互作用,决定了碳环和n杂环配体对酶的抑制效率。“好”抑制剂在GSTP1 h位点的优选方向也被确定。发现3种较强的酶抑制剂:1,10-菲罗啉-5,6-二酮、茜素红S和靛胭脂红,其IC50值分别为31、16和2.3 μM。这些新的抑制剂对于开发具有潜在抗肿瘤活性的新型先导结构具有一定的意义。
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引用次数: 0
Synthesis of chalcone-based pyrimidine derivatives and their antimicrobial activity 查尔酮基嘧啶衍生物的合成及其抗菌活性
Q4 Chemistry Pub Date : 2021-12-03 DOI: 10.29235/1561-8331-2021-57-4-431-437
D. S. Martsinkevich, K. F. Chernyavskaya, V. Tarasevich
A series of substituted chalcones and pyrimidine derivatives on their base was synthesized. Obtained compounds were tested for antimicrobial activity and ability to increase activity of known antimicrobial substances. Pyrimidine products shown good activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida tropicalis. These compounds also could increase activity of modified polyguanidines against Staphylococcus aureus.
合成了一系列取代查尔酮及其基上的嘧啶衍生物。对所得化合物进行了抗菌活性和增强已知抗菌物质活性的能力测试。嘧啶产物对金黄色葡萄球菌和热带念珠菌具有良好的抗氧化活性。这些化合物还可以提高修饰多胍对金黄色葡萄球菌的活性。
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引用次数: 0
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Chemical Series
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