Pub Date : 2012-12-31DOI: 10.2174/1874464811306010059
Neeraj Kumar
{"title":"Recent Advances in Chalcogenide Glasses for Multifunctional Applications in Fiber Optics","authors":"Neeraj Kumar","doi":"10.2174/1874464811306010059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874464811306010059","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20875,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Materials Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84614632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-31DOI: 10.2174/1874464811306010068
Hu Cheng
{"title":"Highly Conductive PEDOT/PSS Thin Films for Potential Organic Transparent Electrodes of Touchscreens","authors":"Hu Cheng","doi":"10.2174/1874464811306010068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874464811306010068","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20875,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Materials Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77580092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-31DOI: 10.2174/1874464811306010020
B. Little, Jason S Lee, R. Ray, Shelton Austin, Justin C. Biffinger
Abstract : Ennoblement, a positive shift in corrosion potential, due to biofilm formation is the basis of patents for biofilm monitoring and power generating devices. Ennoblement is a global phenomenon that is routinely cited as a mechanism for microbiologically influenced corrosion of some passive alloys. Increased corrosion is attributed to acceleration of the oxygen reduction reaction via several potential mechanisms that have been debated for decades. Because the phenomenon is predictable and reproducible at specific locations, ennoblement is the basis for patented methods and devices for monitoring biofilm formation and relating ennobled potentials to increased likelihood of corrosion and for evaluating cleaning and biocide treatments. Furthermore, when anodes and cathodes can be separated, as in a microbial fuel cell, biofilm formation on the cathode increases the potential difference between the two and the resulting power output. Most patented fuel cells using metal cathodes do not refer specifically to ennoblement in the disclosures.
{"title":"Ennoblement Due to Biofilms: Indicator for Potential Corrosion and Source of Electrical Energy","authors":"B. Little, Jason S Lee, R. Ray, Shelton Austin, Justin C. Biffinger","doi":"10.2174/1874464811306010020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874464811306010020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract : Ennoblement, a positive shift in corrosion potential, due to biofilm formation is the basis of patents for biofilm monitoring and power generating devices. Ennoblement is a global phenomenon that is routinely cited as a mechanism for microbiologically influenced corrosion of some passive alloys. Increased corrosion is attributed to acceleration of the oxygen reduction reaction via several potential mechanisms that have been debated for decades. Because the phenomenon is predictable and reproducible at specific locations, ennoblement is the basis for patented methods and devices for monitoring biofilm formation and relating ennobled potentials to increased likelihood of corrosion and for evaluating cleaning and biocide treatments. Furthermore, when anodes and cathodes can be separated, as in a microbial fuel cell, biofilm formation on the cathode increases the potential difference between the two and the resulting power output. Most patented fuel cells using metal cathodes do not refer specifically to ennoblement in the disclosures.","PeriodicalId":20875,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Materials Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87567316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-31DOI: 10.2174/1874464811306010029
K. Yatsenko
{"title":"Getter Films for Small Vacuum Chambers","authors":"K. Yatsenko","doi":"10.2174/1874464811306010029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874464811306010029","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20875,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Materials Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74947734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-12-31DOI: 10.2174/1874464811306010001
C. H. Trease, H. Hadavinia, P. Barrington
{"title":"Solar Selective Coatings: Industrial State-of-the-Art","authors":"C. H. Trease, H. Hadavinia, P. Barrington","doi":"10.2174/1874464811306010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874464811306010001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20875,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Materials Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91507435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-08-31DOI: 10.2174/1874464811205030222
A. Ragavan
{"title":"Advances in Mucomodulator Therapy for Treatment of Excess Airway Mucus in Patients with Asthma, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Cystic Fibrosis","authors":"A. Ragavan","doi":"10.2174/1874464811205030222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874464811205030222","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20875,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Materials Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82207903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-08-31DOI: 10.2174/1874464811205030241
F. Doğan, S. Barton, H. Hadavinia, Peter J. Mason, P. Foot
{"title":"Experimental Studies on Conducting Polyaniline","authors":"F. Doğan, S. Barton, H. Hadavinia, Peter J. Mason, P. Foot","doi":"10.2174/1874464811205030241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874464811205030241","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20875,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Materials Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75464408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-08-31DOI: 10.2174/1874464811205030175
Nguyen Viet Long, Cao Minh Thi, M. Nogami, M. Ohtaki
Metallic Glasses (MGs), also called glassy metals (amorphous metals, liquid metals) are considered to be the materials of the future. Metallic glasses, formed at very low critical cooling rates, are different from traditional amorphous alloys (which are usually formed at high cooling rates) in order to avoid crystallization. The most important feature of MGs, which distinguishes them from ordinary amorphous materials, is the glass transition that transforms super cooled liquids into a glassy state when cooled from high to low temperature. Some scientists have been investigating the mechanisms and dynamics of metallic glass formation, their atomic structure, micromechanisms of mechanical properties, etc. They have also been exploring the atomic-scale mechanisms of MG formation and the development of new bulk glassy alloys and composites with improved glass-forming ability. Other scientists focus on manufacturing and industrialization of MGs. At the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), there are currently more than 30 groups working on the science, preparation and applications of MGs. The Amorphous Materials and Physics Group at CAS has developed a series of rare earth-based RE-MGs with functional physical properties. In the US, there are science groups that have made successful progress in the area of metallic glasses. More specifically, the US-based team from Yale and the science group from Caltech are more focused on practical aspects relating to MGs (production, industrialization, biomedical materials and aerospace materials). This patent review article briefly investigates the industrialization and some environmental aspects of MGs, as follows: biocompatibility of most MGs, obtaining valuable MGs from low-purity industrial raw materials, use of MGs in green energy applications (solar cells, hydrogen production), use of MGs in catalyst systems and possibilities for using metallic glasses in systems for retention and purification of dangerous pollutants.
{"title":"Pt and Pd based catalysts with novel alloy and core-shell nanostructures for practical applications in next fuel cells: Patents and highlights","authors":"Nguyen Viet Long, Cao Minh Thi, M. Nogami, M. Ohtaki","doi":"10.2174/1874464811205030175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874464811205030175","url":null,"abstract":"Metallic Glasses (MGs), also called glassy metals (amorphous metals, liquid metals) are considered to be the materials of the future. Metallic glasses, formed at very low critical cooling rates, are different from traditional amorphous alloys (which are usually formed at high cooling rates) in order to avoid crystallization. The most important feature of MGs, which distinguishes them from ordinary amorphous materials, is the glass transition that transforms super cooled liquids into a glassy state when cooled from high to low temperature. Some scientists have been investigating the mechanisms and dynamics of metallic glass formation, their atomic structure, micromechanisms of mechanical properties, etc. They have also been exploring the atomic-scale mechanisms of MG formation and the development of new bulk glassy alloys and composites with improved glass-forming ability. Other scientists focus on manufacturing and industrialization of MGs. At the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), there are currently more than 30 groups working on the science, preparation and applications of MGs. The Amorphous Materials and Physics Group at CAS has developed a series of rare earth-based RE-MGs with functional physical properties. In the US, there are science groups that have made successful progress in the area of metallic glasses. More specifically, the US-based team from Yale and the science group from Caltech are more focused on practical aspects relating to MGs (production, industrialization, biomedical materials and aerospace materials). This patent review article briefly investigates the industrialization and some environmental aspects of MGs, as follows: biocompatibility of most MGs, obtaining valuable MGs from low-purity industrial raw materials, use of MGs in green energy applications (solar cells, hydrogen production), use of MGs in catalyst systems and possibilities for using metallic glasses in systems for retention and purification of dangerous pollutants.","PeriodicalId":20875,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Materials Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74895000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-08-31DOI: 10.2174/1874464811205030199
Bo Jin, Qing Yan, Y. Dou
{"title":"Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion Based on Metal Oxides","authors":"Bo Jin, Qing Yan, Y. Dou","doi":"10.2174/1874464811205030199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874464811205030199","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20875,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Materials Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85168870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2012-08-31DOI: 10.2174/1874464811205030191
Jared B. Williams, D. Hitchcock, Jianna He
{"title":"Spark Plasma Sintering: A Brief Survey of Recent Patents","authors":"Jared B. Williams, D. Hitchcock, Jianna He","doi":"10.2174/1874464811205030191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874464811205030191","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":20875,"journal":{"name":"Recent Patents on Materials Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2012-08-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84921665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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