Psychosomatic Medicine最新文献

Objective: This study used the Midlife-Development in the United States (MIDUS) dataset to a) examine relationships between reported childhood adversity (CA), anxiety, and pain; b) assess associations between CAs, anxiety, C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, and pain; and c) explore how CAs, anxiety, and CRP are associated with pain medication consumption.

Methods: Data were from Project-4 of MIDUS-II (n = 1225), which utilized Project-1 demographics and supplemental chart review. For objectives 1-2, structural equational modeling (SEM) followed by general linear modeling (GLM) regression was conducted. For objective 3, all variables from the objective 1-2 dataset were used as possible independent variables for the exploratory regression.

Results: For objectives 1-2, CRP was significantly correlated with anxiety, emotional abuse, physical neglect, and chronic pain (n = 1173). The SEM (n = 1173) indicated that CAs, anxiety, and CRP all played a role in predicting chronic pain. Regression results (n = 1173) indicated that gender, total income, and highest education were significant predictors of chronic pain. Significant interactions to explain chronic pain included physical abuse/emotional neglect, emotional abuse/physical abuse, physical abuse/minimization, physical neglect/education, CRP/income, and CRP/education. For objective 3 (n = 600), there were no significant main effects, but a large variety of interactions contributed to predicting pain medication consumption. CAs interacting significantly to explain this included emotional abuse/physical abuse, physical abuse/emotional neglect, physical abuse/minimization, and sexual abuse/minimization. There were also significant interactions between CRP/income and CRP/education.

Conclusions: Based on a large US sample, sociodemographics played a meaningful role in predicting chronic pain in adults, and CRP was significantly correlated with anxiety, emotional abuse, physical neglect, multiple sociodemographic variables, and chronic pain. The influence of CAs on predicting long-term medication use for chronic pain was complex and warrants further study.

Objective: Slow-paced breathing (SPB) with prolonged exhalation is assumed to stimulate vagal reflexes, which is represented by increased heart rate variability (HRV) values. However, most trials were conducted in healthy participants. We sought to evaluate the feasibility of SPB in hospitalized patients with confirmed bilateral COVID-19 pneumonia with major respiratory impairment and to investigate if SPB shows acute increasing effects on HRV measures in these severely ill patients with distinctly reduced vagal tone.

Methods: This single-center randomized controlled clinical trial enrolled 23 patients in the intervention (4-second inhalation, 6-second exhalation for 20 minutes 3× daily) and 23 patients in the control group (IG/CG). The effects of SPB on HRV were calculated using post-hoc likelihood ratio tests. Baseline HRV measures between the groups over time were compared using multilevel mixed-effect linear regression models with random slope including the covariates relevant comorbidities, COVID-19 medication, and age.

Results: HRV values at baseline were significantly decreased in all patients. During SPB, HRV parameters increased significantly (ln(SDNN), ln(LF), ln(TP); all p < .001). Higher breathing rate at baseline correlated with lower LF during SPB (p < .045). IL-6 morning levels were associated with lower HRV measures (p < .001). Resting HRV measures as well as subjective health increased over hospitalization time with no differences between IG and CG (comparing random slope with random slope interaction models: all LR χ2(5) < 4.5; p > .48).

Conclusion: SPB is feasible and safe in patients with bilateral COVID-19 pneumonia and appears to be an effective self-performed intervention to acutely increase HRV measures. This observation was independent of comorbidities and comedication. Further trials should corroborate these findings and extend it to other severely ill populations.

Registration: German Clinical Trials Register under ID DRKS00023971 (https://drks.de/search/en/trial/DRKS00023971), with a Universal Trial Number (UTN) U1111-1263-8658.

Objective: Human milk (HM) is considered the best source of infant nutrition with many benefits for the infant. However, pregnancy changes can lead to increased stress in some women, which might affect HM composition. Although studies have demonstrated a link between maternal psychopathology and child development, it remains unclear how maternal psychobiological changes can be intergenerationally transmitted. We aimed to investigate the associations of maternal stress, depressive symptoms, and anxiety symptoms with the HM microbiome; to analyze these parameters in relation to HM glucocorticoid concentrations; and to explore the influence of HM glucocorticoids on HM bacterial composition.

Methods: One hundred women completed psychological questionnaires (e.g., EPDS, STAI, GAS) at 34-36 weeks' gestation and in the early postpartum period and provided saliva at 34-36 and 38 weeks' gestation. HM samples were collected in the early postpartum. Microbiota were analyzed using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing.

Results: Birth anxiety was negatively correlated with Alphaproteobacteria (τ = -0.20, FDR = 0.01), whereas in the postpartum period, anxiety symptoms were negatively correlated with different taxa. The sum of postpartum-related symptoms was linked to lower Propionibacteriales. Salivary cortisol AUCg at 34-36 weeks was negatively correlated with Stenotrophomonas (τ = -0.24, FDR = 0.05), whereas HM cortisol was positively correlated with Streptococcus mitis (τ = 0.26, FDR = 0.03) and Gemella haemolysans (τ = 0.24, FDR = 0.02). No associations emerged between psychobiological parameters and HM glucocorticoids.

Conclusions: Higher perinatal psychological symptoms and prenatal salivary cortisol AUCg were associated with lower relative abundances of different bacteria, whereas higher HM cortisol was linked to higher Gemella and Streptococcus. These findings suggest a negative association between high maternal psychobiological symptoms and relative abundances of the milk microbiota.

Objective: Evidence suggests that children with psychosocial problems face a higher risk of cardiometabolic diseases in adulthood. However, this may already be evident prior to adulthood. In this study, the associations between psychosocial problems at preschool age and cardiometabolic outcomes 6 years later were investigated.

Methods: Data from 936 participants from the Amsterdam Born Children and their Development (ABCD) study was used. Psychosocial problems were assessed using the Strengths & Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) when the children were 5-6 years old, reported by both mothers and teachers. Cardiometabolic parameters, including body mass index, waist circumference, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high- and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting glucose, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and carotid intima-media thickness were subsequently measured at ages 11-12 years. The associations between psychosocial problems and cardiometabolic outcomes were assessed using multivariable linear and logistic regression models.

Results: In model 1, adjusted for age, sex, and puberty status, and in model 2, for sociodemographic and biological predisposition factors, the combined mother-teacher score yielded a positive association with clustered cardiometabolic score (b = 0.05, 95% confidence interval = 0.03-0.10) 6 years later. Adjusting for lifestyle factors rendered this association nonsignificant. Significant associations between mother-reported SDQ scores and most cardiometabolic parameters, except for triglycerides, diminished after controlling for confounders. Children with higher total SDQ score (by mother) had 1.31 times higher odds of developing metabolic syndrome (95% confidence interval = 1.05-1.62).

Conclusion: This study established a small inverse association between mother-reported psychosocial problems at ages 5-6 years and cardiometabolic health profile at ages 11-12 years.

Abstract: In April 2023, Psychosomatic Medicine, now renamed Biopsychosocial Science and Medicine, introduced registered reports as a new article format. Registered reports are a type of scientific article in which the research methods and proposed analyses are preregistered and peer-reviewed before the data are collected or analyzed. We were excited to be joining a growing number of journals internationally to offer this format and to be aligning with the Behavioral Medicine Research Council's statement on open science, recognizing the value of publishing registered reports in our field. Recent work has shown that there is a 2-year lag between journals adopting registered reports and publishing their first registered report. Therefore, right in line with this timetable, we are delighted to be publishing our first full registered report article in this first issue that bears the Journal's new name. This article is noteworthy for several reasons, not least because the findings make an important scientific contribution to the broader early life adversity literature but also because the article applies the registered report format to secondary data analyses. We hope that you, our readership, feel inspired to give the registered report approach a chance, whether it is for primary or secondary data collection approaches, and that you send your first, or next Stage 1 registered report to Biopsychosocial Science and Medicine.

Objective: Prenatal sleep problems have been previously linked to poor birth outcomes. However, much less is known about the associations between poor prenatal maternal sleep and offspring outcomes after birth. The purpose of this systematic review was to synthesize the findings linking prenatal maternal sleep health and offspring health and development during infancy and childhood.

Methods: A total of 4650 nonduplicate articles were identified via PsycInfo and PubMed databases. After screening and full-text review, 34 articles met the inclusion criteria and were extracted for information.

Results: The bulk of studies in this review (n = 19; 76.5%) were published between 2019 and 2024. Measures of prenatal sleep included sleep timing, quality, sleep disorders and/or symptoms of disorders, and daytime sleepiness. Offspring outcomes were categorized as follows: a) sleep health (e.g., nighttime sleep duration, night wakings), b) physical health (e.g., body mass index, hospitalizations), c) child developmental outcomes (e.g., global development, negative affect, executive functioning), and d) brain structure and function (e.g., brain volume, event-related potentials). Evidence consistently links poor prenatal sleep health to poorer offspring sleep, higher body mass index, higher prevalence of physical health conditions, poorer global development, and more behavioral problems. Emerging evidence also links prenatal sleep to differences in offspring brain structure and function.

Conclusions: Poor prenatal maternal sleep health may be an environmental signal that informs offspring health. Future studies are needed to fully understand the pervasive, intergenerational, and long-lasting effects of sleep across pregnancy.