Rachael Ackah, William Dzisenu Amekor, S. Amponsah
This study aimed at assessing the growth and mortality parameters of the Prionace gluaca and Sphyrna lewini shark species from the coast of Ghana. Data was taken for nine (9) months from April 2021 to December 2021. The length data taken from the shark species was analyzed for the estimation of population parameters using the FiSAT II tool. From the results, the estimated asymptotic length (L∞) and the growth rate (K) of P. glauca and S. lewini were 396.4 cm and 0.27 yr–1 and 349.1 cm and 0.24 yr–1 respectively, indicating that these species exhibited slow growing characteristics, evinced by a longevity of approximately 11 – 12 years. The length at first capture (Lc50) for P. gluaca was 128.6 cm and that for S. lewini was 169.0 cm. The length at first maturity (Lm50) for P. gluaca and S. lewini was 179.74 cm and 160.4 cm respectively. By comparing the Lc50 and Lm50, it implies that individuals of P. gluaca were vulnerable to fishing gears before having the chance to mature and even spawn once. The total mortality (Z), natural mortality (M), fishing mortality (F) and the exploitation rates for P. glauca and S. lewini were 0.82 yr–1 , 0.22 yr–1 , 0.60 yr–1 and 0.73 and 0.76 yr–1, 0.21 yr–1, 0.55 yr–1 and 0.72, respectively. This suggests that fishing activities are the main cause of decline in the abundance of these shark species. The exploitation rate (E > 0.5) revealed that these species are overexploited in Ghana’s marine waters. Based on these findings, it is recommended that fishing effort be reduced through appropriate measures by relevant authorities. Vol. 9, No. 3, December 2022: 353-365
本研究旨在评估加纳海岸的Prionace gluaca和Sphyrna lewini鲨鱼的生长和死亡参数。数据采集时间为2021年4月至2021年12月的9个月。使用FiSAT II工具分析了从鲨鱼物种中获取的长度数据，以估计种群参数。结果表明，青花云杉和lewini的渐近长度(L∞)和生长速率(K)分别为396.4 cm和0.27 year - 1和349.1 cm和0.24 year - 1，表明青花云杉和lewini具有生长缓慢的特点，寿命约为11 ~ 12年。葡萄球菌首次捕获长度(Lc50)为128.6 cm, lewini为169.0 cm。葡萄和lewini的初成熟长度(Lm50)分别为179.74 cm和160.4 cm。通过Lc50和Lm50的比较，可以看出，在没有机会成熟甚至产卵一次之前，虾蛄的个体就很容易受到渔具的伤害。青花假单胞虫和莱氏假单胞虫的总死亡率(Z)、自然死亡率(M)、捕捞死亡率(F)和开采率分别为0.82、0.22、0.60、0.73、0.76、0.21、0.55和0.72年。这表明，捕捞活动是这些鲨鱼物种数量下降的主要原因。开发利用率(E > 0.5)表明这些物种在加纳海域被过度开发。根据这些调查结果，建议有关当局采取适当措施减少捕鱼努力量。第9卷第3期，2022年12月:353-365
{"title":"Population Dynamics of Shark Species in the Coast Of Ghana, West Africa","authors":"Rachael Ackah, William Dzisenu Amekor, S. Amponsah","doi":"10.3329/ralf.v9i3.63971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/ralf.v9i3.63971","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed at assessing the growth and mortality parameters of the Prionace gluaca and Sphyrna lewini shark species from the coast of Ghana. Data was taken for nine (9) months from April 2021 to December 2021. The length data taken from the shark species was analyzed for the estimation of population parameters using the FiSAT II tool. From the results, the estimated asymptotic length (L∞) and the growth rate (K) of P. glauca and S. lewini were 396.4 cm and 0.27 yr–1 and 349.1 cm and 0.24 yr–1 respectively, indicating that these species exhibited slow growing characteristics, evinced by a longevity of approximately 11 – 12 years. The length at first capture (Lc50) for P. gluaca was 128.6 cm and that for S. lewini was 169.0 cm. The length at first maturity (Lm50) for P. gluaca and S. lewini was 179.74 cm and 160.4 cm respectively. By comparing the Lc50 and Lm50, it implies that individuals of P. gluaca were vulnerable to fishing gears before having the chance to mature and even spawn once. The total mortality (Z), natural mortality (M), fishing mortality (F) and the exploitation rates for P. glauca and S. lewini were 0.82 yr–1 , 0.22 yr–1 , 0.60 yr–1 and 0.73 and 0.76 yr–1, 0.21 yr–1, 0.55 yr–1 and 0.72, respectively. This suggests that fishing activities are the main cause of decline in the abundance of these shark species. The exploitation rate (E > 0.5) revealed that these species are overexploited in Ghana’s marine waters. Based on these findings, it is recommended that fishing effort be reduced through appropriate measures by relevant authorities. \u0000Vol. 9, No. 3, December 2022: 353-365","PeriodicalId":20947,"journal":{"name":"Research in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74644832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SM Rayhan, Anika Tahsin Mou, B. Akter, M. Kabir, Md Najmol Hoque
This study aimed to understand the livelihood status of the fishery-dependent communities in the South- Western coast of Bangladesh and their livelihood adaptation in response to climate change. The study was carried out in two villages of Dacope upazila in Khulna District. Data were collected from a purposively drawn sample of 60 fisher’s households through household interviews, key informants’ interviews, and transect walk as well as from secondary sources. The adverse climatic variability influences all the livelihood capitals and strategies of fishing communities. Most households have lower access to sanitation, market transportation, health facilities, GO, and NGO services during the adverse climatic situation. Increased levels of cyclones and floods result in greater damage to fishing equipment, livelihood assets, and lower level of fish catch. Income generation from fisheries-related activities is reducing gradually which affects the livelihoods of the fishers. The study has identified four different practices of adaptation to climate change by those fishing communities where about 71.67% adopted livelihood diversification. To cope with the changing climate and variability most of the fishing households (95%) have taken multiple adaptation strategies while the rest (5%) did not. The fishermen are exploited financially by the local credit facility provider. Diversification of livelihoods included agriculture (23.26%), fish trading (2.33%), fish farming (18.60%), and other different types of diversification found in the study area due to climate impacts but not always sufficiently fruitful. This situation may worsen over the next few decades and an improved level of responsiveness would be required. Vol. 9, No. 3, December 2022: 337-351
{"title":"Fishermen's Livelihood Adaptation in Response to Climate Change: An Empirical Study on South-Western Coastal Zone of Bangladesh","authors":"SM Rayhan, Anika Tahsin Mou, B. Akter, M. Kabir, Md Najmol Hoque","doi":"10.3329/ralf.v9i3.63970","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/ralf.v9i3.63970","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to understand the livelihood status of the fishery-dependent communities in the South- Western coast of Bangladesh and their livelihood adaptation in response to climate change. The study was carried out in two villages of Dacope upazila in Khulna District. Data were collected from a purposively drawn sample of 60 fisher’s households through household interviews, key informants’ interviews, and transect walk as well as from secondary sources. The adverse climatic variability influences all the livelihood capitals and strategies of fishing communities. Most households have lower access to sanitation, market transportation, health facilities, GO, and NGO services during the adverse climatic situation. Increased levels of cyclones and floods result in greater damage to fishing equipment, livelihood assets, and lower level of fish catch. Income generation from fisheries-related activities is reducing gradually which affects the livelihoods of the fishers. The study has identified four different practices of adaptation to climate change by those fishing communities where about 71.67% adopted livelihood diversification. To cope with the changing climate and variability most of the fishing households (95%) have taken multiple adaptation strategies while the rest (5%) did not. The fishermen are exploited financially by the local credit facility provider. Diversification of livelihoods included agriculture (23.26%), fish trading (2.33%), fish farming (18.60%), and other different types of diversification found in the study area due to climate impacts but not always sufficiently fruitful. This situation may worsen over the next few decades and an improved level of responsiveness would be required. \u0000Vol. 9, No. 3, December 2022: 337-351","PeriodicalId":20947,"journal":{"name":"Research in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76967839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Md Anamul Haque Razib, Ahamed Ullah Sarker, N. Sultana, M. Islam, Rakhi Podder
A field exper iment was carr ied out to study the effect of levels of nitrogen on the performance of three Boro rice varieties e.g. cv. BRRI dhan28, cv BRRI dhan29 and cv. Surjomoni. The experiment comprised four levels of nitrogen viz. 0 kg N ha-1, 60 kg N ha-1, 120 kg N ha-1 and 180 kg N ha- 1 . The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The highest grain yield (4.23 t ha-1) was obtained from cv. BRRI dhan29 because of production of the highest number of both total tillers m-2 and effective tillers m-2. BRRI dhan28 produced higher grain yield (3.39 t ha-1) compared to that of Surjomoni (3.07 t ha-1). Application of 120 kg N ha-1 produced the highest grain yield (4.23 t ha-1) because of the production of the highest number of both total tillers m- ' and effective tillers m-2 in the t reatment . Appl icat ion of 180 kg N ha-1 produced the second-highest grain yield (3.70 t ha-1) and 0 kg N ha-1 produced the lowest grain yield (2.76 t ha-1). Interaction between variety and levels of nitrogen significantly influenced all parameters studied except plant height, total tillers hill -1, effective tillers hill-1, non-effective tillers hill-1, length of panicle, number of sterile spikelets panicle-1 and 1000-grain weight. The highest grain yield (4.60 t ha-1) was obtained from BRRI dhan29 with the application of 120 kg N ha-1 and the lowest grain yield (2.40 t ha- 1 ) was obtained f rom the treatment combination of Surjomoni and 0 kg N ha-1. Rice variety BRRI dhan29 can be provided with 120 kg N ha-1 to get the highest and economic production of the crop. Vol. 9, No. 3, December 2022: 267-278
通过田间试验，研究了氮素水平对3个水稻品种生产性能的影响。BRRI dhan28, cv BRRI dhan29和cv。Surjomoni。施氮量为0 kg N ha-1、60 kg N ha-1、120 kg N ha-1和180 kg N ha-1。试验采用完全随机区组设计，设3个重复。单株产量最高(4.23 t hm -1)。由于总分蘖数m-2和有效分蘖数m-2的产量最高，BRRI为29。BRRI dhan28的产量为3.39 t ha-1，高于Surjomoni (3.07 t ha-1)。施氮120 kg hm -1的水稻产量最高(4.23 t hm -1)，因为t处理的总分蘖数和有效分蘖数均最高。施氮量180 kg hm -1的籽粒产量次高(3.70 t hm -1)，施氮量0 kg hm -1的籽粒产量最低(2.76 t hm -1)。除株高、总分蘖丘-1、有效分蘖丘-1、无效分蘖丘-1、穗长、不育小穗数穗-1和千粒重外，品种和氮素水平的互作对各参数均有显著影响。施用120 kg N hm -1时，BRRI dhan29的籽粒产量最高，为4.60 t ha-1;施用0 kg N hm -1时，Surjomoni的籽粒产量最低，为2.40 t ha-1。水稻品种BRRI dhan29可施用120 kg N ha-1以获得最高经济产量。第9卷第3期，2022年12月:267-278
{"title":"Performance of Three Boro Rice Varieties Under Different Levels of Nitrogen Application","authors":"Md Anamul Haque Razib, Ahamed Ullah Sarker, N. Sultana, M. Islam, Rakhi Podder","doi":"10.3329/ralf.v9i3.63963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/ralf.v9i3.63963","url":null,"abstract":"A field exper iment was carr ied out to study the effect of levels of nitrogen on the performance of three Boro rice varieties e.g. cv. BRRI dhan28, cv BRRI dhan29 and cv. Surjomoni. The experiment comprised four levels of nitrogen viz. 0 kg N ha-1, 60 kg N ha-1, 120 kg N ha-1 and 180 kg N ha- 1 . The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The highest grain yield (4.23 t ha-1) was obtained from cv. BRRI dhan29 because of production of the highest number of both total tillers m-2 and effective tillers m-2. BRRI dhan28 produced higher grain yield (3.39 t ha-1) compared to that of Surjomoni (3.07 t ha-1). Application of 120 kg N ha-1 produced the highest grain yield (4.23 t ha-1) because of the production of the highest number of both total tillers m- ' and effective tillers m-2 in the t reatment . Appl icat ion of 180 kg N ha-1 produced the second-highest grain yield (3.70 t ha-1) and 0 kg N ha-1 produced the lowest grain yield (2.76 t ha-1). Interaction between variety and levels of nitrogen significantly influenced all parameters studied except plant height, total tillers hill -1, effective tillers hill-1, non-effective tillers hill-1, length of panicle, number of sterile spikelets panicle-1 and 1000-grain weight. The highest grain yield (4.60 t ha-1) was obtained from BRRI dhan29 with the application of 120 kg N ha-1 and the lowest grain yield (2.40 t ha- 1 ) was obtained f rom the treatment combination of Surjomoni and 0 kg N ha-1. Rice variety BRRI dhan29 can be provided with 120 kg N ha-1 to get the highest and economic production of the crop. \u0000Vol. 9, No. 3, December 2022: 267-278","PeriodicalId":20947,"journal":{"name":"Research in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90811428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nowadays, Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) are playing important role in communicating agricultural information. In this connection, the government of Bangladesh established a number of Agricultural Information and Communication Centers (AICC) at the Union level to disseminate agricultural information. The purposes of the study were to determine the effectiveness of AICC for disseminating agricultural information and to explore the contribution of the selected characteristics of the AICC member farmers to the effectiveness of AICC. Data were collected from 90 randomly selected farmers of nine Upazillas of Faridpur district under Dhaka division. Face-to-face interview followed by pretested structured questionnaire was held with the selected farmers to gather data. The survey revealed that an overwhelming majority (80%) of the farmers perceived medium effectiveness of AICC, while 7.8% of them perceived low and 12.2% of them perceived high effectiveness of AICC for disseminating agricultural information. The effectiveness of AICC was influenced by the intensity of use of ICT, length of experience to use ICT and ICT using confidence. Therefore, responsible organizations such as Agriculture Information Service (AIS) with the help of the Department of Agricultural Extension (DAE) and other advisory service-providing organizations should take action to enhance the effectiveness of AICC. Vol. 9, No. 3, December 2022: 259-265
{"title":"Effectiveness of Agricultural Information and Communication Center for Disseminating Agricultural Information","authors":"Saima Bila Setu, Md. Sekender Ali, M. Kabir","doi":"10.3329/ralf.v9i3.63962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/ralf.v9i3.63962","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) are playing important role in communicating agricultural information. In this connection, the government of Bangladesh established a number of Agricultural Information and Communication Centers (AICC) at the Union level to disseminate agricultural information. The purposes of the study were to determine the effectiveness of AICC for disseminating agricultural information and to explore the contribution of the selected characteristics of the AICC member farmers to the effectiveness of AICC. Data were collected from 90 randomly selected farmers of nine Upazillas of Faridpur district under Dhaka division. Face-to-face interview followed by pretested structured questionnaire was held with the selected farmers to gather data. The survey revealed that an overwhelming majority (80%) of the farmers perceived medium effectiveness of AICC, while 7.8% of them perceived low and 12.2% of them perceived high effectiveness of AICC for disseminating agricultural information. The effectiveness of AICC was influenced by the intensity of use of ICT, length of experience to use ICT and ICT using confidence. Therefore, responsible organizations such as Agriculture Information Service (AIS) with the help of the Department of Agricultural Extension (DAE) and other advisory service-providing organizations should take action to enhance the effectiveness of AICC. \u0000Vol. 9, No. 3, December 2022: 259-265","PeriodicalId":20947,"journal":{"name":"Research in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77418376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fonkwa Georges, Nack Jacques, A. Julius, Yamssi Cédric, T. Minette, .. Tchoumboue
Diseases are among the major constraints to sustainable aquaculture. Fish pathogens include bacteria responsible for devastating effects on the fish health and even that of consumers. In Cameroon, there is a dearth of quantitative data related to fish diseases and the economic impact. An epidemiological survey was carried out from April 22 to May 23, 2021 during a first epizootic of the enteric red plague in the fishes Oreochromis niloticus and Cyprinus carpio reared in ponds in the Monatélé Subdivision of the Centre Region of Cameroon. The objective was to assess clinical disorders and mortality rate, associated risk factors and economic losses in semi-intensive farms due to red plague in Cameroon. So, the standard epidemiological procedures were used to assess the mortality rates before and after antibiotic (Oxytetracyclin) treatment of the disease. Results showed that clinical signs recorded within three months of observing included lateral recumbency, breathing difficulties (dyspnea) and wide opening of mouths of affected fish. The overall mortality rate of 7.74% (294 dead fishes out of 3800) was recorded. The mortality rate was significantly higher (p < 0.001) in polyculture pond (11.33%) compared to monoculture pond (4.70%). Cyprinus carpio was significantly more affected than Oreochromis niloticus. The mortality rate was higher (p < 0.01) in younger fishes than older ones and was sex independent. The therapy was more effective in monoculture pond than in polyculture pond and in Oreochromis niloticus compared to Cyprinus carpio. Females were more sensitive to antibiotic treatment than males. The direct financial loss was $420.50. This study revealed that the main risk factors of the red plague disease were farming practice, species, age and size of fish. Rigorous epidemiological surveillance of fish diseases was suggested for improved productivity of fish farms in Cameroon. Vol. 9, No. 3, December 2022: 323-335
{"title":"First Report of Enteric Red Plague of Oreochromis Niloticus (Cichlidae) And Cyprinus Carpio (Cyprinidae) Reared in Cameroon: Mortality Rate, Risk Factors and Financial Loss","authors":"Fonkwa Georges, Nack Jacques, A. Julius, Yamssi Cédric, T. Minette, .. Tchoumboue","doi":"10.3329/ralf.v9i3.63969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/ralf.v9i3.63969","url":null,"abstract":"Diseases are among the major constraints to sustainable aquaculture. Fish pathogens include bacteria responsible for devastating effects on the fish health and even that of consumers. In Cameroon, there is a dearth of quantitative data related to fish diseases and the economic impact. An epidemiological survey was carried out from April 22 to May 23, 2021 during a first epizootic of the enteric red plague in the fishes Oreochromis niloticus and Cyprinus carpio reared in ponds in the Monatélé Subdivision of the Centre Region of Cameroon. The objective was to assess clinical disorders and mortality rate, associated risk factors and economic losses in semi-intensive farms due to red plague in Cameroon. So, the standard epidemiological procedures were used to assess the mortality rates before and after antibiotic (Oxytetracyclin) treatment of the disease. Results showed that clinical signs recorded within three months of observing included lateral recumbency, breathing difficulties (dyspnea) and wide opening of mouths of affected fish. The overall mortality rate of 7.74% (294 dead fishes out of 3800) was recorded. The mortality rate was significantly higher (p < 0.001) in polyculture pond (11.33%) compared to monoculture pond (4.70%). Cyprinus carpio was significantly more affected than Oreochromis niloticus. The mortality rate was higher (p < 0.01) in younger fishes than older ones and was sex independent. The therapy was more effective in monoculture pond than in polyculture pond and in Oreochromis niloticus compared to Cyprinus carpio. Females were more sensitive to antibiotic treatment than males. The direct financial loss was $420.50. This study revealed that the main risk factors of the red plague disease were farming practice, species, age and size of fish. Rigorous epidemiological surveillance of fish diseases was suggested for improved productivity of fish farms in Cameroon. \u0000Vol. 9, No. 3, December 2022: 323-335","PeriodicalId":20947,"journal":{"name":"Research in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79794652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. K. Ghosh, M. Islam, M. Islam, Md Mahedul Islam Murad, M. Rahman
The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of traditional Bengal culinary practice on the heavy metal content of four carp species (Labeo rohita, Catla catla, Cirrhinus cirrhosus, and Hypophthalmichthys molitrix). Fish samples were collected from seven different farms located in the Rajshahi district of Bangladesh. The collected samples were processed and cooked in a traditional currying method and concentrations of five heavy metals (Pb, Co, Cr, Cd, and Ni) were assessed in raw and cooked fish using a flame atomic spectrophotometer. Heavy metal concentrations were significantly reduced in the cooked samples with a few exceptions. The metal pollution index (MPI) indicated that the most amount of heavy metals was lost in C. cirrhosus followed by H. molitrix, L rohita, and C. catla. Pb was the most abundant and consumed of the tested heavy metals in the cooked fish followed by Co, Ni, Cd, and Cr respectively. Health risk index (HRI) and target hazard quotient (THQ) revealed that individual heavy metal intake from cooked fish does not pose any threat to human health. However, the hazard index (HI) of the accumulated heavy metals in the cooked fish suggested that the long-term effect of consuming heavy metal contaminated fish could collectively lead to possible non-carcinogenic health complexities. Additionally, HI also implied that the highest degree of health risk is associated with the consumption of H. molitrix and the least with L. rohita. Vol. 9, No. 3, December 2022: 367-376
{"title":"Effect of Traditional Cooking Method on the Heavy Metal Content of Four Selected Farmed Carp Species And Assessment of Possible Human Health Risk","authors":"J. K. Ghosh, M. Islam, M. Islam, Md Mahedul Islam Murad, M. Rahman","doi":"10.3329/ralf.v9i3.63972","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/ralf.v9i3.63972","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of traditional Bengal culinary practice on the heavy metal content of four carp species (Labeo rohita, Catla catla, Cirrhinus cirrhosus, and Hypophthalmichthys molitrix). Fish samples were collected from seven different farms located in the Rajshahi district of Bangladesh. The collected samples were processed and cooked in a traditional currying method and concentrations of five heavy metals (Pb, Co, Cr, Cd, and Ni) were assessed in raw and cooked fish using a flame atomic spectrophotometer. Heavy metal concentrations were significantly reduced in the cooked samples with a few exceptions. The metal pollution index (MPI) indicated that the most amount of heavy metals was lost in C. cirrhosus followed by H. molitrix, L rohita, and C. catla. Pb was the most abundant and consumed of the tested heavy metals in the cooked fish followed by Co, Ni, Cd, and Cr respectively. Health risk index (HRI) and target hazard quotient (THQ) revealed that individual heavy metal intake from cooked fish does not pose any threat to human health. However, the hazard index (HI) of the accumulated heavy metals in the cooked fish suggested that the long-term effect of consuming heavy metal contaminated fish could collectively lead to possible non-carcinogenic health complexities. Additionally, HI also implied that the highest degree of health risk is associated with the consumption of H. molitrix and the least with L. rohita. \u0000Vol. 9, No. 3, December 2022: 367-376","PeriodicalId":20947,"journal":{"name":"Research in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90464591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kazi Islam Mantaqaa, Md. Bellal Hossain, Ananda Kumer Ghosh, M. Islam, Q. F. Quadir
In Bangladesh beetroot is getting attention in recent years due to its high food value and potential industrial use. The present study was conducted to assess the food value in terms of biochemical and mineral nutritional constituents of four exotic beetroot varieties (viz. Chioggia, Detroit Dark Red, Early Wonder Tall Top, and Red Ace) of Bangladesh. The pH, brix and dry matter (DM%) levels of the four beetroot varieties ranges between 5.52 to 6.51, 8.9 to 10.5, and 8.8 to 11.0%, respectively; and Detroit Dark Red had the highest DM%. the protein, fibre, ash, and total sugar contents were also significantly varied in the four varieties and the values ranged between 10.80-12.50, 5.10-6.20, 7.65-8.86, 2.62-6.06%DM, respectively. The vitamin C was found highest in Chioggia (6.20 mg/100g). Among the micro and macronutrient elements tested, all parameters were significantly varied and Detroit Dark Red contained the highest amount of N (1904 mg 100 g−1 DM), Fe (53 mg 100 g−1 DM), Zn (26 mg 100 g−1 DM) and Mn (17 mg 100 g−1 DM); while Chioggia contained the highest amount of K (3331 mg 100 g−1 DM), Ca (151 mg 100 g−1 DM) and B (21 mg 100 g−1 DM). Total anthocyanin and total phenolic contents also varied among the varieties and the highest values were observed in Chioggia and Early Wonder Tall Top, respectively. Based on the observed parameters, Chioggia and Detroit Dark Red seemed to be the better performers among the four beetroot cultivars. Vol. 9, No. 3, December 2022: 279-287
{"title":"Biochemical and Mineral Evaluation of Four Exotic Beetroot Varieties Grown in Bangladesh","authors":"Kazi Islam Mantaqaa, Md. Bellal Hossain, Ananda Kumer Ghosh, M. Islam, Q. F. Quadir","doi":"10.3329/ralf.v9i3.63964","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/ralf.v9i3.63964","url":null,"abstract":"In Bangladesh beetroot is getting attention in recent years due to its high food value and potential industrial use. The present study was conducted to assess the food value in terms of biochemical and mineral nutritional constituents of four exotic beetroot varieties (viz. Chioggia, Detroit Dark Red, Early Wonder Tall Top, and Red Ace) of Bangladesh. The pH, brix and dry matter (DM%) levels of the four beetroot varieties ranges between 5.52 to 6.51, 8.9 to 10.5, and 8.8 to 11.0%, respectively; and Detroit Dark Red had the highest DM%. the protein, fibre, ash, and total sugar contents were also significantly varied in the four varieties and the values ranged between 10.80-12.50, 5.10-6.20, 7.65-8.86, 2.62-6.06%DM, respectively. The vitamin C was found highest in Chioggia (6.20 mg/100g). Among the micro and macronutrient elements tested, all parameters were significantly varied and Detroit Dark Red contained the highest amount of N (1904 mg 100 g−1 DM), Fe (53 mg 100 g−1 DM), Zn (26 mg 100 g−1 DM) and Mn (17 mg 100 g−1 DM); while Chioggia contained the highest amount of K (3331 mg 100 g−1 DM), Ca (151 mg 100 g−1 DM) and B (21 mg 100 g−1 DM). Total anthocyanin and total phenolic contents also varied among the varieties and the highest values were observed in Chioggia and Early Wonder Tall Top, respectively. Based on the observed parameters, Chioggia and Detroit Dark Red seemed to be the better performers among the four beetroot cultivars. \u0000Vol. 9, No. 3, December 2022: 279-287","PeriodicalId":20947,"journal":{"name":"Research in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87115566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Md Shahanoor Alam, A. Roy, Sadia Binte Shathi, Shyamal Deb, M. Alam, Md Nurunnabi Mondal
The study investigated the optimum dose of 17 α-methyltestosterone (17α–MT) for maximum sex reversal and growth performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Using a completely randomized design, three treatments (Control, T-1, T-2, and T-3) in triplicates were set up. The control group diet was devoid of 17α–MT. The remaining three groups, T-1, T-2, and T-3, were fed feed that contained 30, 60, and 100 mg kg-1 of 17α–MT, respectively. Fry of three days old were stocked at a rate of 100 per tank. They were fed with experimental diet for 28 days. After the hormone treatment and 90 days of rearing the highest survival rate was found in the control group. Gonadal squashing of O. niloticus showed different sex ratios for different treatments. The control group showed a normal sex ratio of 48.33% males and 51.67% females. The experimental group T-3 showed the highest percentage of males (98.33%) followed by T-2 (93.33%) and T-1 (76.66%). After 90 days of rearing, although the study found the highest mean length (82.12±1.5 mm), weight (26.74±0.08 g) and SGR (9.17±0.05%) in the treatment T2, these growth performance parameters did not differ significantly with the result of treatment T3. The Nile tilapia's sex ratio has been found to be more affected by a higher dose, or 100 mg 17α–MT kg-1 of feed. With the increase of hormone inclusion level, sex reversal percentage increases. Higher doses of 17α–MT have also a positive impact on Nile tilapia growth performance. Growth increases with the increasing 17α–MT level up to 60 mg in the diet of O. niloticus. Based on the study, the recommended dose for producing maximum mono-sex male tilapia in commercial hatcheries may be 100 mg 17α–MT kg-1 feed. Vol. 9, No. 3, December 2022: 377-384
{"title":"Dose Optimization of 17 α-Methyltestosterone to Maximize Sex Reversal of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus)","authors":"Md Shahanoor Alam, A. Roy, Sadia Binte Shathi, Shyamal Deb, M. Alam, Md Nurunnabi Mondal","doi":"10.3329/ralf.v9i3.63973","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/ralf.v9i3.63973","url":null,"abstract":"The study investigated the optimum dose of 17 α-methyltestosterone (17α–MT) for maximum sex reversal and growth performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Using a completely randomized design, three treatments (Control, T-1, T-2, and T-3) in triplicates were set up. The control group diet was devoid of 17α–MT. The remaining three groups, T-1, T-2, and T-3, were fed feed that contained 30, 60, and 100 mg kg-1 of 17α–MT, respectively. Fry of three days old were stocked at a rate of 100 per tank. They were fed with experimental diet for 28 days. After the hormone treatment and 90 days of rearing the highest survival rate was found in the control group. Gonadal squashing of O. niloticus showed different sex ratios for different treatments. The control group showed a normal sex ratio of 48.33% males and 51.67% females. The experimental group T-3 showed the highest percentage of males (98.33%) followed by T-2 (93.33%) and T-1 (76.66%). After 90 days of rearing, although the study found the highest mean length (82.12±1.5 mm), weight (26.74±0.08 g) and SGR (9.17±0.05%) in the treatment T2, these growth performance parameters did not differ significantly with the result of treatment T3. The Nile tilapia's sex ratio has been found to be more affected by a higher dose, or 100 mg 17α–MT kg-1 of feed. With the increase of hormone inclusion level, sex reversal percentage increases. Higher doses of 17α–MT have also a positive impact on Nile tilapia growth performance. Growth increases with the increasing 17α–MT level up to 60 mg in the diet of O. niloticus. Based on the study, the recommended dose for producing maximum mono-sex male tilapia in commercial hatcheries may be 100 mg 17α–MT kg-1 feed. \u0000Vol. 9, No. 3, December 2022: 377-384","PeriodicalId":20947,"journal":{"name":"Research in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89222464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Md. Razibul Hasan, Md Mizanur Rahman, S. A. Khan, A. Shawn, M. Siddiki, Md Ridoan Pasha, Mohammad Rashedul Alam
The objectives of this study were to determine carbohydrates such as glucose, total protein, lipid parameters, mineral levels in blood; qualitative characteristics such as fat, SNF, lactose, total solids and protein percentages of milk; and the quantity of milk after feeding german and maize fodders. Thirty clinically and apparently healthy cows were selected and divided into three homogenous groups. Control group was fed mixed grass, another group was fed german grass and the last one was fed maize grass. Milk and blood samples were collected from the cows (n-30) before the study commenced. Again milk and blood samples were collected on day 30 and day 60. After collection, milk samples were analyzed by Milk Analyzer MIA-SLP-60 for proximate components. Serum samples were analyzed by different colorimetric techniques using a spectrophotometer (Humalyzer 3000®) and kits from Randox (Ireland). In addition, daily milk production records of cows were maintained. The study found a significant rise of SNF and solids, a highly significant increase of lactose and protein in the maize feed group (M), and a highly significant positive change of fat percentage in the german fed (G) group. The average daily milk production of the M and G group were respectively 11.39% and 6.98% higher than the control group. No significant change was found in hematological and biochemical parameters of blood. Further intensive long term investigation to establish relation between blood parameters and milk yield and milk quality should be carried out. Vol. 9, No. 3, December 2022: 313-322
这项研究的目的是确定碳水化合物，如葡萄糖、总蛋白、脂质参数、血液中的矿物质水平;牛奶的质量特征，如脂肪、SNF、乳糖、总固体和蛋白质百分比;以及饲喂德国和玉米饲料后的产奶量。选取30头临床表现健康的奶牛，随机分为3组。对照组饲喂混合草，另一组饲喂德国草，最后一组饲喂玉米草。在研究开始之前，从奶牛(n-30)身上收集了牛奶和血液样本。在第30天和第60天再次采集牛奶和血液样本。采集后，用牛奶分析仪MIA-SLP-60分析牛奶样品的近似成分。使用分光光度计(Humalyzer 3000®)和来自Randox(爱尔兰)的试剂盒，采用不同的比色技术分析血清样本。此外，还保存了奶牛的日产奶量记录。研究发现，玉米饲料组(M) SNF和固形物含量显著升高，乳糖和蛋白质含量极显著升高，德国饲料组(G)脂肪率呈极显著正变化。M组和G组的平均日产奶量分别比对照组高11.39%和6.98%。血液的血液学和生化指标未见明显变化。应进一步开展深入的长期调查，以确定血液参数与产奶量和奶质之间的关系。Vol. 9, No. 3, December 2022: 313-322
{"title":"Effects of German and Maize Grasses on Milk and Blood Of Dairy Cows","authors":"Md. Razibul Hasan, Md Mizanur Rahman, S. A. Khan, A. Shawn, M. Siddiki, Md Ridoan Pasha, Mohammad Rashedul Alam","doi":"10.3329/ralf.v9i3.63968","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/ralf.v9i3.63968","url":null,"abstract":"The objectives of this study were to determine carbohydrates such as glucose, total protein, lipid parameters, mineral levels in blood; qualitative characteristics such as fat, SNF, lactose, total solids and protein percentages of milk; and the quantity of milk after feeding german and maize fodders. Thirty clinically and apparently healthy cows were selected and divided into three homogenous groups. Control group was fed mixed grass, another group was fed german grass and the last one was fed maize grass. Milk and blood samples were collected from the cows (n-30) before the study commenced. Again milk and blood samples were collected on day 30 and day 60. After collection, milk samples were analyzed by Milk Analyzer MIA-SLP-60 for proximate components. Serum samples were analyzed by different colorimetric techniques using a spectrophotometer (Humalyzer 3000®) and kits from Randox (Ireland). In addition, daily milk production records of cows were maintained. The study found a significant rise of SNF and solids, a highly significant increase of lactose and protein in the maize feed group (M), and a highly significant positive change of fat percentage in the german fed (G) group. The average daily milk production of the M and G group were respectively 11.39% and 6.98% higher than the control group. No significant change was found in hematological and biochemical parameters of blood. Further intensive long term investigation to establish relation between blood parameters and milk yield and milk quality should be carried out. \u0000Vol. 9, No. 3, December 2022: 313-322","PeriodicalId":20947,"journal":{"name":"Research in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88426986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. A. Shanta, Md Aktaruzzaman, Md Siam Ahmed, Md. Razibul Hasan, M. A. Islam
The present study was undertaken to assess the farmers’ knowledge and awareness of milkborne zoonoses in Bhaghabarighat Milk Shed Areas of Bangladesh. A cross-sectional study was carried out in randomly selected 270 dairy farmers in Pabna and Sirajgonj district. A pretested structured questionnaire was used to collect information from respondents regarding different aspects of milk-borne zoonosis. Data were collected from farmers, with inclusion criteria of having at least 2 cows with farming experience of more than 6 months. The study showed that almost 80% of the farmers were unable to name any milk-borne zoonotic disease, whereas rest of the farmers had a little bit knowledge about milk-borne zoonoses those were relatively educated and experienced farmers. About 23% of the farmers had no knowledge of the fact that raw milk can be a potential source of disease transmission. The majority of the respondents (99%) did not receive any formal training about zoonotic diseases. Among the respondents’ awareness levels of milkborne zoonoses were 4.5%, 9.2%, 17.4%, 54.84% and 82.1% for brucellosis, anthrax, tuberculosis, mastitis and diarrhea, respectively. The behavioral practices of dairy farmers observed to increase the risk of milk-borne zoonoses transmission were: consumption of raw milk (13%), lack of cooling system (100%), no milk routine testing, and none farmers’ did medical check-up. 87% of the respondents preferred to use boiled milk. The farmers’ overall knowledge about milk-borne zoonoses was inadequate. In conclusion, awareness and training programs about milking hygiene and handling can improve disease control and reduce the public health risk of milk-borne zoonoses. Vol. 9, No. 3, December 2022: 307-312
{"title":"Milk Producers’ Awareness of Milk-Borne Zoonoses In Baghabarighat Milk Shed Areas of Bangladesh","authors":"S. A. Shanta, Md Aktaruzzaman, Md Siam Ahmed, Md. Razibul Hasan, M. A. Islam","doi":"10.3329/ralf.v9i3.63967","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3329/ralf.v9i3.63967","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was undertaken to assess the farmers’ knowledge and awareness of milkborne zoonoses in Bhaghabarighat Milk Shed Areas of Bangladesh. A cross-sectional study was carried out in randomly selected 270 dairy farmers in Pabna and Sirajgonj district. A pretested structured questionnaire was used to collect information from respondents regarding different aspects of milk-borne zoonosis. Data were collected from farmers, with inclusion criteria of having at least 2 cows with farming experience of more than 6 months. The study showed that almost 80% of the farmers were unable to name any milk-borne zoonotic disease, whereas rest of the farmers had a little bit knowledge about milk-borne zoonoses those were relatively educated and experienced farmers. About 23% of the farmers had no knowledge of the fact that raw milk can be a potential source of disease transmission. The majority of the respondents (99%) did not receive any formal training about zoonotic diseases. Among the respondents’ awareness levels of milkborne zoonoses were 4.5%, 9.2%, 17.4%, 54.84% and 82.1% for brucellosis, anthrax, tuberculosis, mastitis and diarrhea, respectively. The behavioral practices of dairy farmers observed to increase the risk of milk-borne zoonoses transmission were: consumption of raw milk (13%), lack of cooling system (100%), no milk routine testing, and none farmers’ did medical check-up. 87% of the respondents preferred to use boiled milk. The farmers’ overall knowledge about milk-borne zoonoses was inadequate. In conclusion, awareness and training programs about milking hygiene and handling can improve disease control and reduce the public health risk of milk-borne zoonoses. \u0000Vol. 9, No. 3, December 2022: 307-312","PeriodicalId":20947,"journal":{"name":"Research in Agriculture Livestock and Fisheries","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83726196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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