M. Darbandy, Mozhdeh Rostamnezhad, Sadiq Hussain, A. Khosravi, S. Nahavandi, Z. Sani
Aim: One of the most crucial and common occupational hazards in different industries is physical fatigue. Fatigue plays a vast role in all industries in terms of health, safety, and productivity and is continually ranked among the top-five health-related risk factors year after year. The current study focuses on a novel method to detect workers' physical fatigue employing heart rate signals. Materials and Methods: First, domain features are extracted from the heart signals utilizing different entropies and statistical tests. Then, K-nearest neighbors algorithm is used to detect the physical fatigue. The experimental results reveal that the proposed method has a good performance to recognize the physical fatigue. Results: The achieved measures of accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity rates are 78.18%, 60.96%, and 82.15%, respectively, discretely for fatigue detection. Discussion: Based on the achieved results, it is conceived that monitoring of heart rate signals is an effective tool to assess the physical fatigue in manufacturing and construction sites since there is a direct relationship between fatigue and heart rate features. The results presented in this article showed that the proposed method would work well as an effective tool for accurate and real-time monitoring of physical fatigue and help to increase workers' safety and minimize accidents. Conclusion: The results presented in this article shows that the proposed method would work well as an effective tool for accurate and real-time monitoring of physical fatigue and helps to increase workers' safety and minimize accidents.
{"title":"A new approach to detect the physical fatigue utilizing heart rate signals","authors":"M. Darbandy, Mozhdeh Rostamnezhad, Sadiq Hussain, A. Khosravi, S. Nahavandi, Z. Sani","doi":"10.4103/rcm.rcm_8_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/rcm.rcm_8_20","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: One of the most crucial and common occupational hazards in different industries is physical fatigue. Fatigue plays a vast role in all industries in terms of health, safety, and productivity and is continually ranked among the top-five health-related risk factors year after year. The current study focuses on a novel method to detect workers' physical fatigue employing heart rate signals. Materials and Methods: First, domain features are extracted from the heart signals utilizing different entropies and statistical tests. Then, K-nearest neighbors algorithm is used to detect the physical fatigue. The experimental results reveal that the proposed method has a good performance to recognize the physical fatigue. Results: The achieved measures of accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity rates are 78.18%, 60.96%, and 82.15%, respectively, discretely for fatigue detection. Discussion: Based on the achieved results, it is conceived that monitoring of heart rate signals is an effective tool to assess the physical fatigue in manufacturing and construction sites since there is a direct relationship between fatigue and heart rate features. The results presented in this article showed that the proposed method would work well as an effective tool for accurate and real-time monitoring of physical fatigue and help to increase workers' safety and minimize accidents. Conclusion: The results presented in this article shows that the proposed method would work well as an effective tool for accurate and real-time monitoring of physical fatigue and helps to increase workers' safety and minimize accidents.","PeriodicalId":21031,"journal":{"name":"Research in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"9 1","pages":"23 - 27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43968010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fatemeh Fakharirad, F. Ghazalian, H. Nikbakht, S. Lotfian, Akbar Nikpajouh
Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of combined rehabilitation and yoga training on salivary levels of alpha-amylase and cortisol in patients after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 20 CABG patients were randomly divided into two groups of cardiac rehabilitation training group (CRT, n = 10) and combined training group (yoga-cardiac rehabilitation) (computed tomography [CT], n = 10). After initial clinical evaluation, exercise test, and salivation with 12 h fasting, individuals were referred to the rehabilitation ward of Shahid Rajaie Heart Hospital in Tehran and performed their exercise program for 8 weeks and three sessions per week then their evaluations were made again. A dependent t-test was used for intra-group changes and an independent t-test was used to compare the two groups at a significant level of 0.05. Results: The CT group showed a significant effect on salivary cortisol (P = 0.028), but these interventions did not show a significant effect on salivary alpha-amylase (P = 0.193). Furthermore, CRT alone had a significant effect on salivary cortisol indices (P = 0.011), there was no significant difference between groups (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: The results showed that combined yoga and rehabilitation training had beneficial effects on the salivary levels of the stress factors that have been studied. Therefore, this type of rehabilitation exercise is recommended for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.
{"title":"The effect of 8 weeks of combined yoga and rehabilitation training on salivary levels of alpha-amylase and cortisol in patients after coronary artery bypass grafting","authors":"Fatemeh Fakharirad, F. Ghazalian, H. Nikbakht, S. Lotfian, Akbar Nikpajouh","doi":"10.4103/rcm.rcm_4_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/rcm.rcm_4_20","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of combined rehabilitation and yoga training on salivary levels of alpha-amylase and cortisol in patients after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 20 CABG patients were randomly divided into two groups of cardiac rehabilitation training group (CRT, n = 10) and combined training group (yoga-cardiac rehabilitation) (computed tomography [CT], n = 10). After initial clinical evaluation, exercise test, and salivation with 12 h fasting, individuals were referred to the rehabilitation ward of Shahid Rajaie Heart Hospital in Tehran and performed their exercise program for 8 weeks and three sessions per week then their evaluations were made again. A dependent t-test was used for intra-group changes and an independent t-test was used to compare the two groups at a significant level of 0.05. Results: The CT group showed a significant effect on salivary cortisol (P = 0.028), but these interventions did not show a significant effect on salivary alpha-amylase (P = 0.193). Furthermore, CRT alone had a significant effect on salivary cortisol indices (P = 0.011), there was no significant difference between groups (P ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: The results showed that combined yoga and rehabilitation training had beneficial effects on the salivary levels of the stress factors that have been studied. Therefore, this type of rehabilitation exercise is recommended for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.","PeriodicalId":21031,"journal":{"name":"Research in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"9 1","pages":"16 - 22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48947015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Nabati, Bahareh Kalantari, Z. Dehghan, J. Yazdani, M. Dabirian
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the association between a prolonged PR interval and significant coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients who were acutely admitted with unstable angina or non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). Background: Prolongation of the electrocardiographic PR interval occurs frequently in clinical practice. Few studies to date have evaluated the association between prolonged PR intervals and significant CAD in hospitalized patients with NSTEMI and unstable angina. Methodology: PR interval was measured in 205 patients with NSTEMI or unstable angina, and the patients were divided into those with normal (< 200 ms) and prolonged PR interval (≥200 ms). We performed echocardiography and coronary angiography within 48–72 h after hospitalization in all patients. Results: A prolonged PR interval (%(>([0-9]+)200 ms) was present in 96 patients (46.8%). This finding was statistically significantly associated with significant CAD (P = 0.024). In addition, these patients had a trend toward higher Gensini scores (P = 0.093) and a higher frequency of left main coronary artery or three-vessel CAD (P = 0.069). Conclusion: Our study showed that a prolonged PR interval is independently associated with significant CAD in patients with acute coronary syndrome, in contrast with earlier beliefs.
{"title":"Association between prolonged PR intervals and significant coronary artery disease in patients with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction and unstable angina","authors":"M. Nabati, Bahareh Kalantari, Z. Dehghan, J. Yazdani, M. Dabirian","doi":"10.4103/rcm.rcm_1_17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/rcm.rcm_1_17","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The purpose of this study was to assess the association between a prolonged PR interval and significant coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients who were acutely admitted with unstable angina or non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). Background: Prolongation of the electrocardiographic PR interval occurs frequently in clinical practice. Few studies to date have evaluated the association between prolonged PR intervals and significant CAD in hospitalized patients with NSTEMI and unstable angina. Methodology: PR interval was measured in 205 patients with NSTEMI or unstable angina, and the patients were divided into those with normal (< 200 ms) and prolonged PR interval (≥200 ms). We performed echocardiography and coronary angiography within 48–72 h after hospitalization in all patients. Results: A prolonged PR interval (%(>([0-9]+)200 ms) was present in 96 patients (46.8%). This finding was statistically significantly associated with significant CAD (P = 0.024). In addition, these patients had a trend toward higher Gensini scores (P = 0.093) and a higher frequency of left main coronary artery or three-vessel CAD (P = 0.069). Conclusion: Our study showed that a prolonged PR interval is independently associated with significant CAD in patients with acute coronary syndrome, in contrast with earlier beliefs.","PeriodicalId":21031,"journal":{"name":"Research in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"9 1","pages":"6 - 9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46463417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aims: Exercise training is one of the nonpharmacological treatments for heart diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 8-week endurance rehabilitation training on apoptosis among cardiac patients. Subjects and Methods: Sixteen postcoronary artery bypass grafting patients, having examined by specialists, were randomly assigned to control (n = 8) and experimental groups (n = 8). The experimental group completed a training protocol including running on a treadmill at 55%–70% of their maximum heart rate for 8 weeks. Blood sampling was performed after 12–14 h of fasting and before and after the 8-weeks training to measure biochemical variables. The measurement of Bax and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) was conducted using the ELISA kit. The data analysis was carried out using the independent sample t-test at P ≤ 0.05. Results: The results showed a significant difference between the participants' mean Bax (P = 0.011) and Bcl-2 (P = 0.015) values after the intervention for both the groups. Likewise, the difference between the ratios of Bcl-2/Bax values after the intervention was significant for both the groups (P = 0.023). Conclusions: According to the findings of the study, it seems that the endurance rehabilitation training exercises could have a protective effect against apoptosis.
{"title":"Effect of an 8-week endurance rehabilitation exercise on apoptosis in cardiac patients","authors":"Maryam Dadaei, P. NazarAli, R. Alizadeh","doi":"10.4103/rcm.rcm_25_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/rcm.rcm_25_19","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: Exercise training is one of the nonpharmacological treatments for heart diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 8-week endurance rehabilitation training on apoptosis among cardiac patients. Subjects and Methods: Sixteen postcoronary artery bypass grafting patients, having examined by specialists, were randomly assigned to control (n = 8) and experimental groups (n = 8). The experimental group completed a training protocol including running on a treadmill at 55%–70% of their maximum heart rate for 8 weeks. Blood sampling was performed after 12–14 h of fasting and before and after the 8-weeks training to measure biochemical variables. The measurement of Bax and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) was conducted using the ELISA kit. The data analysis was carried out using the independent sample t-test at P ≤ 0.05. Results: The results showed a significant difference between the participants' mean Bax (P = 0.011) and Bcl-2 (P = 0.015) values after the intervention for both the groups. Likewise, the difference between the ratios of Bcl-2/Bax values after the intervention was significant for both the groups (P = 0.023). Conclusions: According to the findings of the study, it seems that the endurance rehabilitation training exercises could have a protective effect against apoptosis.","PeriodicalId":21031,"journal":{"name":"Research in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"9 1","pages":"10 - 15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47385462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Somayyeh Barati, Khazar Garjani, P. Payandemehr, Ziae Totonchi, M. Zanganehfar, P. Sadeghipour, A. Amin, V. Akhondi, A. Javadi, Parham Sadeghipour, M. Baay
{"title":"Iranian heart association task force on cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidelines on the COVID-19 outbreak","authors":"Somayyeh Barati, Khazar Garjani, P. Payandemehr, Ziae Totonchi, M. Zanganehfar, P. Sadeghipour, A. Amin, V. Akhondi, A. Javadi, Parham Sadeghipour, M. Baay","doi":"10.4103/rcm.rcm_10_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/rcm.rcm_10_20","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21031,"journal":{"name":"Research in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"9 1","pages":"3 - 5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41430645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. El-Rabat, Reda Bastwesy, N. Elmeligy, S. Farag, Nesreen Zakaria
Introduction: Early recognition of acute right ventricular myocardial infarction (RVMI) is very crucial for the initiation of treatment to avoid complications. Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the predictors of complications in patients with acute inferior and RVMI. Patients and Methods: This prospective, single-center study included 100 patients with acute inferior and RVMI presented within 6 h of symptoms onset. All patients received streptokinase as thrombolytic therapy. The patients had undergone conventional two-dimensional echocardiography to assess LVEF, RVEF, RVFAC, and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), tissue Doppler to assess s', e', a' waves and myocardial performance index (MPI), and speckle tracking echocardiography to assess RV global longitudinal strain. All echocardiographic parameters were done within the first 12 h of admission and 2 months later. Results: Of 100 patients with acute RVMI; 27 patients had complications, the most common complication was atrioventricular block followed by cardiogenic shock. Mortality occurred in only one patient. On comparing the complicated and noncomplicated groups on admission, we revealed that; as regarding the clinical data, the female gender, presence of diabetes, lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and lower pulse were independent risk factors for occurrence of complications in RVMI with P < 0.029, 0.009, 0.004, 0.009, and 0.0001, respectively. Of the echo-cardiographic parameters on admission, dilated RV, lateral S, MPI, TAPSE, and speckle were independent predictors for the occurrence of complications in patients with RVI with P < 0.005, <0.0001, 0.0001, 0.0001, and 0.011, respectively. We can use lateral s', TAPSE, MPI, and speckle with cutoff value 7.9, 13.5, 0.765, −15.9, respectively, for prediction of in-hospital complications in acute RVMI patients (P < 0.0001 for each parameter). Conclusion: Of the echo-cardiographic parameters dilated RV, lateral S, MPI, TAPSE, and speckle were independent predictors for the occurrence of complications in patients with RVMI.
{"title":"Predictors of complications among patients with acute inferior and right myocardial infarction","authors":"K. El-Rabat, Reda Bastwesy, N. Elmeligy, S. Farag, Nesreen Zakaria","doi":"10.4103/rcm.rcm_21_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/rcm.rcm_21_19","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Early recognition of acute right ventricular myocardial infarction (RVMI) is very crucial for the initiation of treatment to avoid complications. Objective: The objective of this study is to assess the predictors of complications in patients with acute inferior and RVMI. Patients and Methods: This prospective, single-center study included 100 patients with acute inferior and RVMI presented within 6 h of symptoms onset. All patients received streptokinase as thrombolytic therapy. The patients had undergone conventional two-dimensional echocardiography to assess LVEF, RVEF, RVFAC, and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE), tissue Doppler to assess s', e', a' waves and myocardial performance index (MPI), and speckle tracking echocardiography to assess RV global longitudinal strain. All echocardiographic parameters were done within the first 12 h of admission and 2 months later. Results: Of 100 patients with acute RVMI; 27 patients had complications, the most common complication was atrioventricular block followed by cardiogenic shock. Mortality occurred in only one patient. On comparing the complicated and noncomplicated groups on admission, we revealed that; as regarding the clinical data, the female gender, presence of diabetes, lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and lower pulse were independent risk factors for occurrence of complications in RVMI with P < 0.029, 0.009, 0.004, 0.009, and 0.0001, respectively. Of the echo-cardiographic parameters on admission, dilated RV, lateral S, MPI, TAPSE, and speckle were independent predictors for the occurrence of complications in patients with RVI with P < 0.005, <0.0001, 0.0001, 0.0001, and 0.011, respectively. We can use lateral s', TAPSE, MPI, and speckle with cutoff value 7.9, 13.5, 0.765, −15.9, respectively, for prediction of in-hospital complications in acute RVMI patients (P < 0.0001 for each parameter). Conclusion: Of the echo-cardiographic parameters dilated RV, lateral S, MPI, TAPSE, and speckle were independent predictors for the occurrence of complications in patients with RVMI.","PeriodicalId":21031,"journal":{"name":"Research in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":"99 - 105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48926922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim: The aim of this study is to identify the autonomic responses after immediate yogasana practices. Materials and Methods: Ten male (n = 10) yoga practitioners having more than 8 years of experience in yogasana practice were selected as subjects. Before and after immediate practices of six specific yoga postures were assessed on three different consecutive days for 15 min, 22.5 min, and 30 min. Heart rate variability (HRV) low frequency, HRV high frequency (HF), HRV amplitude, galvanic skin resistance (GSR), and blood volume pulse were assessed under the condition of autonomic neural activity and measured using NeXus-10 device. Results: Findings of the data generalized increasing of GSR (47.93% and 14.40%) and HF HRV (7.74% and 6.69%) and decreasing of low-frequency HRV (5.43% and 5%) immediately after 15 min and 22.5 min practice of yogasana, which indicates parasympathetic (vagal) activation. However, in the case of 30-min yoga practice, it decreased the GSR (11.03%) and HF HRV (2.59%), increased low-frequency HRV (2.23%) which, in turn, indicates the sympathetic activation. Discussion: The possible mechanism of vagal activation is an increase of baroreceptor sensitivity, tissue oxygenation, nervous system metabolism, and activation of vasodilation. It may be attributed to the activation of the head ganglion of the autonomic nervous system and inhibition of the posterior hypothalamic area. The sympathetic activation depends on the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine hormones, activation of vasomotor center, central neural integration, and peripheral inhibitory/excitatory reflex mechanisms. Conclusions: Immediate yogasana practices may enhance the parasympathetic (vagal) dominance, which increases autonomic flexibility and associates with a calm mental state.
{"title":"Immediate effect of yogic postures on autonomic neural responses","authors":"Anup De, S. Mondal","doi":"10.4103/rcm.rcm_26_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/rcm.rcm_26_19","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: The aim of this study is to identify the autonomic responses after immediate yogasana practices. Materials and Methods: Ten male (n = 10) yoga practitioners having more than 8 years of experience in yogasana practice were selected as subjects. Before and after immediate practices of six specific yoga postures were assessed on three different consecutive days for 15 min, 22.5 min, and 30 min. Heart rate variability (HRV) low frequency, HRV high frequency (HF), HRV amplitude, galvanic skin resistance (GSR), and blood volume pulse were assessed under the condition of autonomic neural activity and measured using NeXus-10 device. Results: Findings of the data generalized increasing of GSR (47.93% and 14.40%) and HF HRV (7.74% and 6.69%) and decreasing of low-frequency HRV (5.43% and 5%) immediately after 15 min and 22.5 min practice of yogasana, which indicates parasympathetic (vagal) activation. However, in the case of 30-min yoga practice, it decreased the GSR (11.03%) and HF HRV (2.59%), increased low-frequency HRV (2.23%) which, in turn, indicates the sympathetic activation. Discussion: The possible mechanism of vagal activation is an increase of baroreceptor sensitivity, tissue oxygenation, nervous system metabolism, and activation of vasodilation. It may be attributed to the activation of the head ganglion of the autonomic nervous system and inhibition of the posterior hypothalamic area. The sympathetic activation depends on the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine hormones, activation of vasomotor center, central neural integration, and peripheral inhibitory/excitatory reflex mechanisms. Conclusions: Immediate yogasana practices may enhance the parasympathetic (vagal) dominance, which increases autonomic flexibility and associates with a calm mental state.","PeriodicalId":21031,"journal":{"name":"Research in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":"106 - 113"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48951615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The control of blood pressure (BP) is crucial in improving the outcomes of ischemic heart disease (IHD) patients. Ischemia Reversal Program (IRP) has been proved to improve the aerobic capacity of IHD patients, but further validation is needed. Methodology: This retrospective study used the data of 78 patients who had visited Madhavbaug Clinics between July and December 2018. The mean VO2max, systolic BP (SBP), and diastolic BP (DBP) with heart rate (HR) after day 30 of IRP completion was compared with that on day 1 of IRP initiation. These values were evaluated separately after classifying the patients as those being normotensive and those having either elevated BP or hypertension (HTN). Pearson's test was used to correlate the change in SBP or DBP with VO2max. Results: Majority of the patients were male (n = 54) with the mean age of 59.94 ± 9.46 years. Majority of the IHD patients had elevated BP or HTN (n = 56). The mean HR decrease in both, the normotensive group and the group with elevated BP/hypertensive patients, was found to be statistically significant at the follow-up (P < 0.05). The mean SBP (119.48 ± 12.26 mmHg vs. 135.29 ± 15.59 mmHg) and the mean DBP (77.41 ± 9.06 mmHg vs. 91.18 ± 8.86 mmHg) were significantly decreased in the hypertensive group of patients at the follow-up (P < 0.05). For the normotensive patients, they were maintained in the normal range (P > 0.05). The negative correlations of SBP (R = −0.12, P > 0.05) and DBP (R = −0.32, P < 0.05) changes with VO2maxchange were found. Conclusion: IRP increased the VO2maxand reduced the BP in IHD patients with elevated BP. The reduction in BP correlated with an increase in VO2maxin IHD patients.
背景：控制血压对改善缺血性心脏病（IHD）患者的预后至关重要。缺血逆转程序（IRP）已被证明可以提高IHD患者的有氧能力，但还需要进一步验证。方法：这项回顾性研究使用了2018年7月至12月期间访问Madhavbaug诊所的78名患者的数据。将IRP完成后第30天的平均VO2max、收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）与心率（HR）与IRP开始后第1天的平均值进行比较。在将患者分为血压正常的患者和血压升高或高血压（HTN）的患者后，分别评估这些值。Pearson检验用于将SBP或DBP的变化与VO2max相关联。结果：患者多为男性（n=54），平均年龄59.94±9.46岁。大多数IHD患者的血压或HTN升高（n=56）。血压正常组和血压升高/高血压患者组的平均HR均降低，在随访时发现具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。高血压组患者的平均收缩压（119.48±12.26 mmHg vs.135.29±15.59 mmHg）和平均舒张压（77.41±9.06 mmHg vs 91.18±8.86 mmHg）在随访时显著降低（P<0.05），SBP（R=-0.12，P>0.05）和DBP（R=-0.32，P<0.05）变化与VO2max变化呈负相关。结论：IRP可提高血压升高的IHD患者的最大摄氧量，降低血压。IHD患者血压降低与VO2maxin增加相关。
{"title":"Correlation between Change in Blood Pressure and V02max in Indian Patients of Ischemic Heart Disease after Ischemic Reversal Program Therapy","authors":"R. Sane, G. Amin, Snehal Dongre, R. Mandole","doi":"10.4103/rcm.rcm_11_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/rcm.rcm_11_19","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The control of blood pressure (BP) is crucial in improving the outcomes of ischemic heart disease (IHD) patients. Ischemia Reversal Program (IRP) has been proved to improve the aerobic capacity of IHD patients, but further validation is needed. Methodology: This retrospective study used the data of 78 patients who had visited Madhavbaug Clinics between July and December 2018. The mean VO2max, systolic BP (SBP), and diastolic BP (DBP) with heart rate (HR) after day 30 of IRP completion was compared with that on day 1 of IRP initiation. These values were evaluated separately after classifying the patients as those being normotensive and those having either elevated BP or hypertension (HTN). Pearson's test was used to correlate the change in SBP or DBP with VO2max. Results: Majority of the patients were male (n = 54) with the mean age of 59.94 ± 9.46 years. Majority of the IHD patients had elevated BP or HTN (n = 56). The mean HR decrease in both, the normotensive group and the group with elevated BP/hypertensive patients, was found to be statistically significant at the follow-up (P < 0.05). The mean SBP (119.48 ± 12.26 mmHg vs. 135.29 ± 15.59 mmHg) and the mean DBP (77.41 ± 9.06 mmHg vs. 91.18 ± 8.86 mmHg) were significantly decreased in the hypertensive group of patients at the follow-up (P < 0.05). For the normotensive patients, they were maintained in the normal range (P > 0.05). The negative correlations of SBP (R = −0.12, P > 0.05) and DBP (R = −0.32, P < 0.05) changes with VO2maxchange were found. Conclusion: IRP increased the VO2maxand reduced the BP in IHD patients with elevated BP. The reduction in BP correlated with an increase in VO2maxin IHD patients.","PeriodicalId":21031,"journal":{"name":"Research in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":"89 - 93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45772239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hassan Esmaeili, S. Hosseini, M. Montazeri, Zohre Rahatab
Context: Breath-holding spells (BHSs) are episodes of brief, involuntary cessation of breathing that occur in children in response to stimuli such as anger, frustration, fear, or injury. It occurs in about 0.1%–4.6% of healthy children. Although the etiology is not known, autonomic dysfunction and increased vagal tonus leading to cardiac arrest and cerebral anoxia are considered to play a role. Increase of QT dispersion increases the risk of sudden death. Because of this, children are always referred to cardiac clinics. Aims: Our aim was to evaluate According to these problems, our aim was the evaluation of ECG and Echocardiography findings in children diagnosed with BHSs in Taleghani Hospital in Gorgan. Settings and Design/ Methods and Material: All patients diagnosed with BHSs were enrolled in this study. In the first step, demographic characteristics and echocardiography and electrocardiogram (ECG) findings were obtained from the patients. Statistical Analysis Used: For statistical analysis, the demographic variables and ECG and echocardiography information of the patients were analyzed using frequency, percentage, and statistical tests such as Chi-square. Results: Sixty-three (9%) children were male and 36 (1%) children were female. Thirty-eight (9%) children were aged between 1 and 2 years, and this group was the most common age group. The most common type of attack was cyanotic (68/5%); 24 (1%) children had a positive family history, 78 (8%) had incomplete or absent iron supplementation, and 68% of children had anemia. Five (6%) children had long QT in ECG and five (6%) had abnormal echocardiography. There was a significant correlation between echocardiography findings and age, whereas there was no significant relationship between ECG findings with age, echocardiography findings with sex, and type of attack with age and sex. Conclusions: Although BHS among children with LQTS are relatively rare and occur at similar frequency as the general population, they can be the presenting symptom for a heart rhythm disorder.
{"title":"Paraclinical cardiac findings of children with breath-holding Spells in Taleghani Hospital of Gorgan, Iran, during 2014–2016","authors":"Hassan Esmaeili, S. Hosseini, M. Montazeri, Zohre Rahatab","doi":"10.4103/rcm.rcm_12_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/rcm.rcm_12_19","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Breath-holding spells (BHSs) are episodes of brief, involuntary cessation of breathing that occur in children in response to stimuli such as anger, frustration, fear, or injury. It occurs in about 0.1%–4.6% of healthy children. Although the etiology is not known, autonomic dysfunction and increased vagal tonus leading to cardiac arrest and cerebral anoxia are considered to play a role. Increase of QT dispersion increases the risk of sudden death. Because of this, children are always referred to cardiac clinics. Aims: Our aim was to evaluate According to these problems, our aim was the evaluation of ECG and Echocardiography findings in children diagnosed with BHSs in Taleghani Hospital in Gorgan. Settings and Design/ Methods and Material: All patients diagnosed with BHSs were enrolled in this study. In the first step, demographic characteristics and echocardiography and electrocardiogram (ECG) findings were obtained from the patients. Statistical Analysis Used: For statistical analysis, the demographic variables and ECG and echocardiography information of the patients were analyzed using frequency, percentage, and statistical tests such as Chi-square. Results: Sixty-three (9%) children were male and 36 (1%) children were female. Thirty-eight (9%) children were aged between 1 and 2 years, and this group was the most common age group. The most common type of attack was cyanotic (68/5%); 24 (1%) children had a positive family history, 78 (8%) had incomplete or absent iron supplementation, and 68% of children had anemia. Five (6%) children had long QT in ECG and five (6%) had abnormal echocardiography. There was a significant correlation between echocardiography findings and age, whereas there was no significant relationship between ECG findings with age, echocardiography findings with sex, and type of attack with age and sex. Conclusions: Although BHS among children with LQTS are relatively rare and occur at similar frequency as the general population, they can be the presenting symptom for a heart rhythm disorder.","PeriodicalId":21031,"journal":{"name":"Research in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":"8 1","pages":"94 - 98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41806756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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