Results in Physics最新文献

Large and reversible elastocaloric effect induced by low stress in a Ga-doped Ni-Mn-Ti alloy 掺镓镍锰钛合金中的低应力诱发的巨大可逆弹性效应

IF 4.4 2区物理与天体物理 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Results in Physics

Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.rinp.2024.108009

The Solid-state cooling based on caloric effects is considered a potential alternative to conventional refrigeration technology, which uses ozone-depleting gases. Several shape memory alloys have attracted attention for solid-state cooling since they present a high reversibility of the caloric effect, which depends mainly on thermal hysteresis and sensitivity to the applied field. In the present work, a study substitution of Mn by Ga in the Ni₅₀Mn₃₄Ti₁₆ alloy led to diminished thermal hysteresis in the martensitic transformation by 9 K. The elastocaloric effect, thermal and microstructure properties of a polycrystalline Ni₅₀Mn₃₂Ti₁₆Ga₂ alloy have been characterized. The elastocaloric effect was obtained indirectly from the length change as a function of temperature at constant stress. An isothermal entropy change (ΔS_ISO) of 23.0 J kg⁻¹ K⁻¹ during heating and 22.0 J kg⁻¹ K⁻¹ during cooling was observed for applied stress of 160 MPa. In addition, the ΔS_ISO is reversible for a temperature span between 287 and 319 K, reaching a maximum of 20.5 J kg⁻¹ K⁻¹ at 299 K. The thermal hysteresis changed slightly while the applied stress increased up to 160 MPa since the sensitivity of the martensitic transformation temperatures to stress was 0.150 K/MPa during cooling and 0.160 K/MPa during heating. The X-ray diffraction analysis revealed a mixture of B2-type cubic austenite, 5M modulated martensite, and a second intermetallic phase identified as Ni₃Ti. All these results were obtained around room temperature.

基于热效应的固态冷却被认为是传统制冷技术的潜在替代品，因为传统制冷技术使用的是消耗臭氧的气体。几种形状记忆合金在固态冷却方面备受关注，因为它们具有热量效应的高度可逆性，而热量效应主要取决于热滞后和对外加磁场的敏感性。在本研究中，通过在 Ni50Mn34Ti16 合金中用镓替代锰，马氏体转变的热滞后降低了 9 K。弹性热效应是在恒定应力下通过长度变化与温度的函数关系间接获得的。在施加 160 兆帕应力时，加热过程中的等温熵变化（ΔSISO）为 23.0 J kg-1 K-1，冷却过程中的等温熵变化（ΔSISO）为 22.0 J kg-1 K-1。此外，ΔSISO 在 287 至 319 K 的温度范围内是可逆的，在 299 K 时达到最大值 20.5 J kg-1 K-1。当施加的应力增加到 160 MPa 时，热滞后略有变化，因为马氏体转变温度对应力的敏感性在冷却时为 0.150 K/MPa，在加热时为 0.160 K/MPa。X 射线衍射分析显示了 B2 型立方奥氏体、5M 调制马氏体和第二金属间相的混合物，第二金属间相被确定为 Ni3Ti。所有这些结果都是在室温下获得的。

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引用次数: 0

Modification of microstructural, mechanical and optical properties with carbon ion irradiation in Y2SiO5 crystals 碳离子辐照改变 Y2SiO5 晶体的微观结构、机械和光学特性

IF 4.4 2区物理与天体物理 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Results in Physics

Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.rinp.2024.108015

Yttrium orthosilicate Y₂SiO₅ crystals, a member of the silicate family, are versatile and multifunctional materials when doped with rare earth or transition metal ions. However, there have been limited investigations into the impact of ion irradiation on the crystal structure of Y₂SiO₅ crystals to date. In this paper, the effect of microstructure, mechanical and optical properties of Y₂SiO₅ crystal before and after different fluences of carbon ions irradiation was investigated utilizing complementary characterization techniques. The results indicate that carbon ion irradiation caused lattice disorder and damage, which resulted in structural deterioration and changes in optical properties, such as decrease in the optical band gap energy (from5.77 eV to 5.44 eV), changes in the effective refractive index (n_eff) which resulted in the formation of “well + barrier” type and “barrier” type waveguides. In addition, elastic modulus increased after carbon ion irradiation. The results will be helpful for understanding the damage study of the Y₂SiO₅ crystal with carbon ion irradiation and proving that ion beam techniques can be used for material modification.

正硅酸钇 Y2SiO5 晶体是硅酸盐家族的一员，在掺杂稀土或过渡金属离子后，可成为用途广泛的多功能材料。然而，迄今为止，有关离子辐照对 Y2SiO5 晶体结构影响的研究还很有限。本文利用互补表征技术，研究了不同通量的碳离子照射前后对 Y2SiO5 晶体的微观结构、机械和光学性能的影响。结果表明，碳离子辐照造成晶格紊乱和损伤，导致结构退化和光学性能变化，如光带隙能降低（从 5.77 eV 降至 5.44 eV），有效折射率（neff）发生变化，形成 "井+势垒 "型和 "势垒 "型波导。此外，碳离子照射后弹性模量也有所增加。这些结果将有助于了解碳离子辐照对 Y2SiO5 晶体的损伤研究，并证明离子束技术可用于材料改性。

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引用次数: 0

Combined etching technology for controlling surface damage precursors to improve laser damage resistance of fused silica 控制表面损伤前体的组合蚀刻技术，提高熔融石英的抗激光损伤能力

IF 4.4 2区物理与天体物理 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Results in Physics

Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.rinp.2024.108011

At present, a single post-processing technology will always introduce secondary defects (trace pollution elements and structural defects) while removing surface processing defects of fused silica components, which limits the further improvement of the laser damage threshold of the components. Therefore, to effectively remove surface defects in optically-processed fused silica and suppress defect regeneration is the key to improve the laser damage resistance performance of the components. Based on the complementarity of anisotropic ion beam etching and isotropic HF acid etching, a combined etching technology is proposed for fused silica components used in engineering. The combined etching can remove most of the fragmented defects on fused silica surface to achieve relatively good surface quality with a root mean square roughness of 0.666 nm. After the combined etching, the contents of most impurity elements decrease by approximately an order of magnitude. Besides, the contents of the structural defects significantly reduce. Therefore, The zero probability damage threshold and the 100 % probability damage threshold increase by 32.41 % and 57.46 %, respectively. The results show that the combined etching technology can effectively improve the laser damage resistance performance of fused silica components, especially under high fluence laser irradiation, which is very important for the high power output and stable operation of laser facilities.

目前，单一的后处理技术在去除熔融石英元件表面加工缺陷的同时，总会引入二次缺陷（微量污染元素和结构缺陷），从而限制了元件激光损伤阈值的进一步提高。因此，有效去除光学加工熔融石英的表面缺陷并抑制缺陷再生是提高元件抗激光损伤性能的关键。基于各向异性离子束蚀刻和各向同性高频酸蚀刻的互补性，针对工程中使用的熔融石英元件提出了一种组合蚀刻技术。组合蚀刻可以去除熔融石英表面的大部分碎裂缺陷，从而获得相对较好的表面质量，均方根粗糙度为 0.666 nm。组合蚀刻后，大多数杂质元素的含量都下降了约一个数量级。此外，结构缺陷的含量也明显减少。因此，零概率损伤阈值和 100 % 概率损伤阈值分别提高了 32.41 % 和 57.46 %。结果表明，组合蚀刻技术能有效提高熔融石英元件的抗激光损伤性能，尤其是在高通量激光辐照下，这对激光设备的高功率输出和稳定运行非常重要。

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引用次数: 0

Investigating radiation shielding parameters for X-ray attenuation at various energies in locally produced ceramic materials used in Saudi Arabia 研究沙特阿拉伯当地生产的陶瓷材料在不同能量下衰减 X 射线的辐射屏蔽参数

IF 4.4 2区物理与天体物理 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Results in Physics

Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.rinp.2024.108006

To assess shielding effectiveness against X-rays, a number of locally collected ceramic samples were obtained from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Based on elemental analysis, all of the ceramic samples have a density in the range of 1.68–1.85 g/cm³, with the highest proportions of O, Si, C, and Al atoms and the lowest amounts of Na, Mg, K, Ca, Ti, and Fe. The 320 kV X-ray source (Gulmay Limited, Byfleet, UK) was used to assess the attenuation properties of the ceramic samples. An Exradin A4 ionization chamber (Standard Imaging, Middleton, USA) connected to a UNIDOS electrometer (PTW, Freiburg, Germany) in the control room was used to detect the attenuation properties. Several X-ray attenuation coefficients are evaluated at different X-ray energies in the range of 40–150 kV in this study. These include the mass attenuation coefficient (MAC), linear attenuation coefficient (LAC), half-value layer (HVL), tenth-value layer (TVL), and mean free path (MFP). The ability of any ceramic sample under investigation to shield radiation at low X-ray energy is indicated by the theoretical and experimental values of LAC. The potential applications of these easily accessible, reasonably priced ceramic materials for radiation protection in X-ray labs and low-energy X-ray shielding in a variety of fields have been shown by this investigation.

为了评估对 X 射线的屏蔽效果，从沙特阿拉伯王国采集了一些当地的陶瓷样品。根据元素分析，所有陶瓷样品的密度都在 1.68-1.85 g/cm3 之间，其中 O、Si、C 和 Al 原子的比例最高，Na、Mg、K、Ca、Ti 和 Fe 的含量最低。320 千伏 X 射线源（Gulmay 有限公司，英国 Byfleet）用于评估陶瓷样品的衰减特性。控制室中的 Exradin A4 电离室（Standard Imaging，Middleton，USA）与 UNIDOS 电度计（PTW，Freiburg，Germany）相连，用于检测衰减特性。本研究评估了 40-150 千伏范围内不同 X 射线能量下的几个 X 射线衰减系数。其中包括质量衰减系数 (MAC)、线性衰减系数 (LAC)、半值层 (HVL)、十值层 (TVL) 和平均自由路径 (MFP)。线性衰减系数的理论值和实验值表明，任何正在研究的陶瓷样品在低 X 射线能量下屏蔽辐射的能力。这项研究表明，这些易于获得、价格合理的陶瓷材料可用于 X 射线实验室的辐射防护和各种领域的低能量 X 射线屏蔽。

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引用次数: 0

Time-dependent relaxation dynamics of remanent strain in textured PMN–PZ–PT and PMN–PIN–PT piezoceramics 纹理 PMN-PZ-PT 和 PMN-PIN-PT 压电陶瓷中随时间变化的残余应变弛豫动力学

IF 4.4 2区物理与天体物理 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Results in Physics

Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.rinp.2024.108007

Crystallographically textured lead-based piezoceramics, particularly Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃–PbZrO₃–PbTiO₃ (PMN–PZ–PT) and Pb(Mg_1/3Nb_2/3)O₃–Pb(In_1/2Nb_1/2)O₃–PbTiO₃ (PMN–PIN–PT), play a pivotal role in electromechanical applications due to their enhanced field-induced strain responses. However, challenges in precision positioning arise from heightened remanent strain (S_r) caused by embedded templates in the textured grains, impacting strain cycle consistency due to increased time delay for S_r relaxation. This study investigates the time-dependent relaxation dynamics of S_r in textured PMN–PZ–PT and PMN–PIN–PT piezoceramics, focusing on experimentally determining relaxation time between cycles required for complete S_r relaxation. Our findings reveal that the relaxation time in textured piezoceramics is notably longer than that in their non-textured counterparts, primarily due to pinning of domain walls by embedded templates. This work provides insights into the strain relaxation characteristics of piezoceramics and underscores the importance of time delay in designing precision positioning systems for improved reliability.

晶体纹理铅基压电陶瓷，特别是 Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbZrO3-PbTiO3 (PMN-PZ-PT) 和 Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3-PbTiO3 (PMN-PIN-PT)，因其增强的场致应变响应而在机电应用中发挥着举足轻重的作用。然而，由于纹理晶粒中嵌入的模板导致残余应变（Sr）增加，影响了应变周期的一致性，从而给精确定位带来了挑战。本研究调查了纹理 PMN-PZ-PT 和 PMN-PIN-PT 压电陶瓷中 Sr 随时间变化的松弛动态，重点是通过实验确定 Sr 完全松弛所需的周期之间的松弛时间。我们的研究结果表明，有纹理压电陶瓷的松弛时间明显长于无纹理压电陶瓷，这主要是由于嵌入模板对畴壁的钉扎作用。这项研究深入揭示了压电陶瓷的应变松弛特性，并强调了时间延迟在设计精密定位系统以提高可靠性方面的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Unfolding magnetic, electrical and universal magneto-resistance scaling behavior of Ni2Mn1−xCoxIn Ni2Mn1-xCoxIn 的展开磁性、电性和通用磁阻缩放行为

IF 4.4 2区物理与天体物理 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Results in Physics

Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.rinp.2024.108010

We uncover the magnetic, electrical transport properties and universal magneto-resistance scaling nature of cubic Ni

_{2}

Mn

_{1 - x}

Co

_{x}

In with nominal compositions of x = 0.05 and 0.1. Positive Weiss temperature, magnetic saturation in relatively low fields, non-hysteretic and non-coercive signatures confirm soft-ferromagnetic behavior of the alloys. Formation of random ferromagnetic clusters in the paramagnetic state for x = 0.1 is noticed through Griffith’s phase signatures in inverse susceptibility. Rhodes–Wohlfarth analysis confirms the itinerant magnetic nature. These alloys exhibit metallic character with Fermi liquid behavior at low temperatures. Relatively smaller negative magneto-resistance indicates the suppression of itinerant spin fluctuations and incoherent scattering of conduction electrons. Second order magnetic phase transition is inferred from a well-scaled normalized magneto-resistance independent of magnetic field strength. Our study stimulates interest to unravel the ground state physical and magnetic properties of substituted (non-magnetic/magnetic for Mn Ni and In) soft-ferromagnetic Ni

_{2}

MnIn.

我们揭示了标称成分为 x = 0.05 和 0.1 的立方 Ni2Mn1-xCoxIn 的磁性、电传输特性和普遍磁阻缩放性质。正韦斯温度、相对低磁场中的磁饱和度、非滞后性和非矫顽性特征证实了合金的软铁磁行为。通过反磁感应强度中的格里菲斯相位特征，可以发现在 x = 0.1 的顺磁态中形成了随机铁磁簇。Rhodes-Wohlfarth 分析证实了巡回磁性。这些合金在低温下表现出金属特性和费米液体行为。相对较小的负磁阻表明，巡回自旋波动和传导电子的非相干散射受到抑制。从与磁场强度无关的良好比例归一化磁阻推断出了二阶磁相变。我们的研究激发了人们揭示取代（锰镍和铟的非磁性/磁性）软铁磁镍锰铟基态物理和磁性能的兴趣。

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引用次数: 0

Study the electronic, optical, and thermoelectric characteristics of cubic perovskite BXO3 (X = P, As, Sb, Bi): DFT calculations 研究立方包晶 BXO3（X = P、As、Sb、Bi）的电子、光学和热电特性：DFT 计算

IF 4.4 2区物理与天体物理 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Results in Physics

Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.rinp.2024.108005

The structural, electronics, optical, and thermoelectric characteristics of BXO₃(X = P, As, Sb, and Bi) perovskites are investigated within the density functional theory (DFT) framework. The full potential linearized augmented plane wave method employs various exchange–correlation potential approximations to estimate the ground state’s physical properties. The ground state stability of BXO₃ perovskites was examined and all compounds have shown their cubic structure stability. The computed ground state structural parameters in the stability phase agree well with the available literature. Our results of optical properties indicated the potential use of BXO₃(X = P, As, Sb, and Bi) in visible and ultraviolet zones of optoelectronic devices. The studied perovskites have indirect bandgap energy except BSbO₃ has a direct bandgap. Notably, our findings show that except for BPO₃ the figure of merit (ZT) values approach unity within the temperature range of 100–800 K for BSbO₃ and BBiO₃. In contrast, for BAsO₃ the value decreases rapidly from one after 300 K. These perovskites are prospective candidates for thermoelectric applications.

在密度泛函理论（DFT）框架内研究了 BXO3（X = P、As、Sb 和 Bi）包晶的结构、电子、光学和热电特性。全电势线性化增强平面波方法采用了各种交换相关电势近似值来估计基态的物理特性。研究考察了 BXO3 包晶的基态稳定性，所有化合物都显示出立方结构的稳定性。在稳定阶段计算出的基态结构参数与现有文献十分吻合。我们的光学特性研究结果表明，BXO3（X = P、As、Sb 和 Bi）有可能用于光电设备的可见光和紫外区。除 BSbO3 具有直接带隙外，所研究的包晶都具有间接带隙能。值得注意的是，我们的研究结果表明，除 BPO3 外，BSbO3 和 BBiO3 在 100-800 K 的温度范围内的优越性（ZT）值接近于一。与此相反，BAsO3 的 ZT 值在 300 K 之后从 1 迅速下降。这些包晶有望成为热电应用的候选材料。

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引用次数: 0

Tunable graphene plasmonic metadevice for infrared polarization resolved spectroscopy detection 用于红外偏振分辨光谱检测的可调谐石墨烯等离子元器件

IF 4.4 2区物理与天体物理 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Results in Physics

Pub Date : 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.rinp.2024.108002

Polarization-resolved spectroscopy imaging holds significant promise in various fields. However, conventional polarization-resolved spectroscopy imaging systems often reply on separate dispersion elements, polarization splitting components, and mechanical scanning or rotating structures, resulting in bulky systems with intricate designs. The pursuit of lightweight and seamlessly integrated polarization spectroscopy imaging systems presents a critical challenge. Here, we propose an integrated polarization spectroscopy detector operating in the mid-infrared range based on a tunable graphene metasurface. Within the graphene metasurface, plasmonic resonances of graphene are excited by a gold nano-grating, allowing simultaneous modulation of spectral and polarization transmission characteristics for infrared light by tuning the Fermi energy of graphene. With the help of neural network based recovery algorithms, this system achieves pixel-level spectral detection (with a resolution below 200 nm), multi-color polarization Stokes vector analysis (with a monochromatic angular error of less than 0.1 rad), and concurrent polarization and spectroscopy detection. This research paves the way for the development of the next generation integrated infrared polarization resolved spectroscopy imaging systems.

偏振分辨光谱成像技术在各个领域都大有可为。然而，传统的偏振分辨光谱成像系统往往依赖于独立的色散元件、偏振分光元件以及机械扫描或旋转结构，导致系统体积庞大、设计复杂。追求轻便、无缝集成的偏振光谱成像系统是一项严峻的挑战。在此，我们提出了一种基于可调谐石墨烯元表面的中红外范围集成偏振光谱探测器。在石墨烯元表面中，石墨烯的等离子共振被金纳米格栅激发，通过调节石墨烯的费米能，可同时调制红外光的光谱和偏振传输特性。借助基于神经网络的恢复算法，该系统实现了像素级光谱检测（分辨率低于 200 nm）、多色偏振斯托克斯矢量分析（单色角度误差小于 0.1 rad）以及偏振和光谱同时检测。这项研究为开发下一代集成红外偏振分辨光谱成像系统铺平了道路。

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引用次数: 0

Measurement of turbid media by total internal reflection with Goos-Hänchen angle displacement 利用 Goos-Hänchen 角位移全内反射测量浑浊介质

IF 4.4 2区物理与天体物理 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Results in Physics

Pub Date : 2024-10-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.rinp.2024.107997

Based on the Goos-Hänchen effect and the intensity attenuation of the evanescent wave penetrating and traveling, a new theoretical model of total internal reflection from the interface of turbid media is proposed and an analytical reflectance expression in a wide incident angle range is developed. The Goos-Hänchen angle displacement between the critical reflectance and the saturated reflectance is discovered. A sensor, for measuring the complex refractive index of turbid media in real-time, with divergent light source is designed. The captured images show that the light distribution reflected from the transparent medium has a sharp boundary, but for turbid media, the reflected light intensity attenuates during the transition from total to non-total internal reflection regions. It is successful and accurate that the new model fits the experimental data of the reflectance and the complex refractive index of turbid media is measured by our sensor. The results show that measuring has advantages in real-time, in situ, and with high accuracy.

基于 Goos-Hänchen 效应和蒸发波穿透和传播的强度衰减，提出了浊介质界面全内反射的新理论模型，并建立了宽入射角范围内的反射率解析表达式。发现了临界反射率和饱和反射率之间的 Goos-Hänchen 角位移。还设计了一种采用发散光源实时测量浑浊介质复折射率的传感器。捕捉到的图像显示，透明介质反射的光分布有一个清晰的边界，但对于浑浊介质，在从全内反射区到非全内反射区的过渡过程中，反射光强度会减弱。新模型成功且准确地拟合了反射率的实验数据，我们的传感器还测量了浑浊介质的复折射率。结果表明，测量具有实时、原位和高精度的优势。

引用次数: 0

Self-induced Bose glass phase in quantum quasicrystals 量子准晶体中的自诱导玻色玻璃相

IF 4.4 2区物理与天体物理 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Results in Physics

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.rinp.2024.107991

We study the emergence of Bose glass phases in self sustained bosonic quasicrystals induced by a pair interaction between particles of Lifshitz–Petrich type. By using a mean-field variational method designed in momentum space as well as Gross–Pitaevskii simulations we determine the phase diagram of the model. The study of the local and global superfluid fraction allows the identification of supersolid, super quasicrystal, Bose glass and insulating phases. The Bose glass phase emerges as a quasicrystal phase in which the global superfluidity is essentially zero, while the local superfluidity remains finite in certain ring structures of the quasicrystalline pattern. Furthermore, we perform continuous space Path Integral Monte Carlo simulations for a case in which the interaction between particles stabilizes a quasicrystal phase. Our results show that as the strength of the interaction between particles is increased the system undergoes a sequence of states consistent with the super quasicrystal, Bose glass, and quasicrystal insulator thermodynamic phases.

我们研究了在利夫希茨-佩特里希类型粒子之间的成对相互作用诱导下，自持玻色准晶中玻色玻璃相的出现。通过使用动量空间设计的均场变分法以及格罗斯-皮塔耶夫斯基模拟，我们确定了模型的相图。通过对局部和全局超流体部分的研究，我们确定了超固相、超准晶相、玻色玻璃相和绝缘相。玻色玻璃相作为一种准晶相出现，其中全局超流体基本上为零，而在准晶模式的某些环状结构中，局部超流体仍然是有限的。此外，我们还对粒子之间的相互作用使准晶体相稳定的情况进行了连续空间路径积分蒙特卡洛模拟。我们的结果表明，随着粒子间相互作用强度的增加，系统会经历一连串与超准晶体、玻色玻璃和准晶绝缘体热力学相一致的状态。

引用次数: 0