{"title":"Epilepsy.","authors":"Deana M Gazzola, Ruben I Kuzniecky","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21171,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in neurological diseases","volume":"5 1","pages":"34-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27388699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Physicians now take for granted that infarction is explained by lack of blood supply and nutrition caused by obstruction of arteries that supply regions of ischemia. Introduction.","authors":"Louis R Caplan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":21171,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in neurological diseases","volume":"5 Suppl 1 ","pages":"S1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27550652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The goal of evidence-based medicine in the treatment of conditions that produce morbidity but have a minimal impact on mortality is arguably to reduce disease impact on patients' lives and to assure that interventions result in more good than harm. Achieving these goals can be demonstrated only with patient input. There is clear evidence that multiple sclerosis has a significant negative impact on health-related quality of life (HRQL). The purpose of incorporating routine HRQL data in clinical practice is to provide a comprehensive assessment of the patient's health status from that person's perspective. This article discusses the types of HRQL measures available for patient assessment and how those data can be routinely collected.
{"title":"Health-related quality of life assessment in multiple sclerosis.","authors":"Deborah M Miller, R Philip Kinkel","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The goal of evidence-based medicine in the treatment of conditions that produce morbidity but have a minimal impact on mortality is arguably to reduce disease impact on patients' lives and to assure that interventions result in more good than harm. Achieving these goals can be demonstrated only with patient input. There is clear evidence that multiple sclerosis has a significant negative impact on health-related quality of life (HRQL). The purpose of incorporating routine HRQL data in clinical practice is to provide a comprehensive assessment of the patient's health status from that person's perspective. This article discusses the types of HRQL measures available for patient assessment and how those data can be routinely collected.</p>","PeriodicalId":21171,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in neurological diseases","volume":"5 2","pages":"56-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27561681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Donna L Hill, Neil R Miller, Nancy J Newman, Valérie Biousse
These 2 cases presented with acutely raised intracranial pressure and had characteristic CT and MRI changes.
这2例患者表现为急性颅内压升高，并有特征性的CT和MRI改变。
{"title":"A patient with headache and increased intracranial pressure.","authors":"Donna L Hill, Neil R Miller, Nancy J Newman, Valérie Biousse","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>These 2 cases presented with acutely raised intracranial pressure and had characteristic CT and MRI changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":21171,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in neurological diseases","volume":"5 2","pages":"90-1"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27561686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Both the large arteries and microvascular beds of the central nervous system respond to injury by initiating processes compatible with Virchow's triad: alterations in the microvascular permeability barrier, reduction in flow with the target bed, and/or thrombosis of brain-supplying arteries and of the microvasculature. This is particularly true during focal cerebral ischemia. The temporal and topographical coincidence of neuron injury and microvessel response during focal ischemia has suggested that neuron-microvessel interactions could be bidirectional. The neurovascular unit offers a conceptual and structural framework with which to examine events within the microvasculature and their impact on neuron integrity, with the participation of the intervening astrocytes, matrix, and other supportive cells (eg, pericytes and oligodendroglia). Activation of the endothelium and of coagulation, capture of leukocytes, and increased microvessel permeability lead to the focal "no-reflow" phenomenon. Decreased shear stress is a component of the evolving ischemia. Strategies that inhibit the interactions within the microvasculature have been shown to prevent no-reflow and improve neurological outcome. It is, therefore, possible that addressing the processes of Virchow's triad in the setting of focal ischemia could promote neurovascular function.
{"title":"Virchow's triad: the vascular basis of cerebral injury.","authors":"Gregory J del Zoppo","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Both the large arteries and microvascular beds of the central nervous system respond to injury by initiating processes compatible with Virchow's triad: alterations in the microvascular permeability barrier, reduction in flow with the target bed, and/or thrombosis of brain-supplying arteries and of the microvasculature. This is particularly true during focal cerebral ischemia. The temporal and topographical coincidence of neuron injury and microvessel response during focal ischemia has suggested that neuron-microvessel interactions could be bidirectional. The neurovascular unit offers a conceptual and structural framework with which to examine events within the microvasculature and their impact on neuron integrity, with the participation of the intervening astrocytes, matrix, and other supportive cells (eg, pericytes and oligodendroglia). Activation of the endothelium and of coagulation, capture of leukocytes, and increased microvessel permeability lead to the focal \"no-reflow\" phenomenon. Decreased shear stress is a component of the evolving ischemia. Strategies that inhibit the interactions within the microvasculature have been shown to prevent no-reflow and improve neurological outcome. It is, therefore, possible that addressing the processes of Virchow's triad in the setting of focal ischemia could promote neurovascular function.</p>","PeriodicalId":21171,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in neurological diseases","volume":"5 Suppl 1 ","pages":"S12-21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2693906/pdf/nihms116024.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27550656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Laura Rueff, Jerome J Graber, Melissa Bernbaum, Ruben I Kuzniecky
Immune-related neurologic disorders have long been recognized. A number of specific targets have been identified, including neurons, Purkinje cells, and pre- and postsynaptic receptors. Over the past decade, antibodies against voltage-gated potassium channels (VGKCs) have been reported in a number of neurologic syndromes, such as neuromyotonia, limbic encephalitis, and Morvan's syndrome. Recent advances have supported the pathologic mechanism of VGKC in these disorders, their response to therapy, and the possible mechanisms of peripheral, central, and autonomic dysfunctions seen in these disorders. We present a patient with 1 of these syndromes and review the literature of these disorders.
{"title":"Voltage-gated potassium channel antibody-mediated syndromes: a spectrum of clinical manifestations.","authors":"Laura Rueff, Jerome J Graber, Melissa Bernbaum, Ruben I Kuzniecky","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Immune-related neurologic disorders have long been recognized. A number of specific targets have been identified, including neurons, Purkinje cells, and pre- and postsynaptic receptors. Over the past decade, antibodies against voltage-gated potassium channels (VGKCs) have been reported in a number of neurologic syndromes, such as neuromyotonia, limbic encephalitis, and Morvan's syndrome. Recent advances have supported the pathologic mechanism of VGKC in these disorders, their response to therapy, and the possible mechanisms of peripheral, central, and autonomic dysfunctions seen in these disorders. We present a patient with 1 of these syndromes and review the literature of these disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":21171,"journal":{"name":"Reviews in neurological diseases","volume":"5 2","pages":"65-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27561682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号