Redd surveys estimate spawning population size for many salmonid species. Studies of field‐based redd counting methods highlight observer bias caused by redd density, observer experience, and environmental factors. Researchers have begun using remotely piloted vehicles (RPVs, drones) to count redds; yet, no studies have quantified bias and variability in counts. This study aimed to quantify the influence of redd density, observer experience, and environmental factors (namely, water clarity) on redd counting bias and variability when using RPVs. We found that technological and procedural improvements from our previous study increased precision and reduced variability among observers (coefficient of variation, сυ = 11% compared to сυ = 42%). Redd density was the leading covariate causing differences between RPV and both “best counts” (p < 0.05) and field counts (p < 0.05). We found a reduction in variability with experience level (no experience сυ = 78%; semi‐experienced сυ = 33%; experienced сυ = 20%), with no directional bias in counting. Our paper is the first to quantify observer bias in RPV‐based redd counts. This study describes RPV methods and can help agencies decide how to use RPVs in redd counting and incorporate RPV methods into long‐term datasets.
{"title":"Bias and variation in salmonid redd counting using remotely piloted vehicles","authors":"Daniel S. Auerbach, Alexander K. Fremier","doi":"10.1002/rra.4343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.4343","url":null,"abstract":"Redd surveys estimate spawning population size for many salmonid species. Studies of field‐based redd counting methods highlight observer bias caused by redd density, observer experience, and environmental factors. Researchers have begun using remotely piloted vehicles (RPVs, drones) to count redds; yet, no studies have quantified bias and variability in counts. This study aimed to quantify the influence of redd density, observer experience, and environmental factors (namely, water clarity) on redd counting bias and variability when using RPVs. We found that technological and procedural improvements from our previous study increased precision and reduced variability among observers (coefficient of variation, <jats:italic>с</jats:italic><jats:sub>υ</jats:sub> = 11% compared to <jats:italic>с</jats:italic><jats:sub>υ</jats:sub> = 42%). Redd density was the leading covariate causing differences between RPV and both “best counts” (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.05) and field counts (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.05). We found a reduction in variability with experience level (no experience <jats:italic>с</jats:italic><jats:sub>υ</jats:sub> = 78%; semi‐experienced <jats:italic>с</jats:italic><jats:sub>υ</jats:sub> = 33%; experienced <jats:italic>с</jats:italic><jats:sub>υ</jats:sub> = 20%), with no directional bias in counting. Our paper is the first to quantify observer bias in RPV‐based redd counts. This study describes RPV methods and can help agencies decide how to use RPVs in redd counting and incorporate RPV methods into long‐term datasets.","PeriodicalId":21513,"journal":{"name":"River Research and Applications","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141568226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Benjamin J. Miller, Mark C. McKinstry, Phaedra Budy, Casey A. Pennock
Flow alteration and riparian vegetation encroachment are causing habitat simplification with severe consequences for native fishes. To assess the effectiveness of enhancing simplified habitat in a large dryland river, we experimentally added invasive wood at 19 paired treatment and reference (no wood added) subreaches (50–100 m) within the main channel of the San Juan River. Using a before‐after‐control‐impact design, we sampled fishes and macroinvertebrates, and quantified habitat complexity. After wood addition, total native fish densities were 2.2× higher in treatments compared with references, whereas total nonnative fish densities exhibited no response. Macroinvertebrate densities were 6.8× higher, and habitat complexity increased in treatments. Counts of geomorphic features in treatments increased from 1 to a maximum of 11 following wood addition, while the number of features in references remained unchanged. Wood addition has potential to instigate natural riverine processes, ultimately enhancing native fish habitat by increasing macroinvertebrate densities and habitat complexity in dryland rivers. Water overallocation and increasing aridity will continue to challenge efforts to improve habitat conditions with environmental flows alone, and managers might consider integrating non‐flow alternatives like addition of abundant, invasive wood to reduce habitat simplification.
{"title":"Wood you believe it? Experimental addition of nonnative wood enhances instream habitat for native dryland fishes","authors":"Benjamin J. Miller, Mark C. McKinstry, Phaedra Budy, Casey A. Pennock","doi":"10.1002/rra.4334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.4334","url":null,"abstract":"Flow alteration and riparian vegetation encroachment are causing habitat simplification with severe consequences for native fishes. To assess the effectiveness of enhancing simplified habitat in a large dryland river, we experimentally added invasive wood at 19 paired treatment and reference (no wood added) subreaches (50–100 m) within the main channel of the San Juan River. Using a before‐after‐control‐impact design, we sampled fishes and macroinvertebrates, and quantified habitat complexity. After wood addition, total native fish densities were 2.2× higher in treatments compared with references, whereas total nonnative fish densities exhibited no response. Macroinvertebrate densities were 6.8× higher, and habitat complexity increased in treatments. Counts of geomorphic features in treatments increased from 1 to a maximum of 11 following wood addition, while the number of features in references remained unchanged. Wood addition has potential to instigate natural riverine processes, ultimately enhancing native fish habitat by increasing macroinvertebrate densities and habitat complexity in dryland rivers. Water overallocation and increasing aridity will continue to challenge efforts to improve habitat conditions with environmental flows alone, and managers might consider integrating non‐flow alternatives like addition of abundant, invasive wood to reduce habitat simplification.","PeriodicalId":21513,"journal":{"name":"River Research and Applications","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141568227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
River bank erosion and river channel migration are geomorphic processes that can result in significant hazards when there are impacts to humans or infrastructure. Unlike flooding, there are limited national guidelines in Canada that provide recommendations on how to best assess riverine erosion hazards. Instead regional and local jurisdictions rely on techniques based on varying levels of policy maturity. The current study presents findings of a nationwide survey on Canadian perspectives on predicting river channel migration and river bank erosion which received more than 40 responses from across Canada. Results showed that predictions were used for a variety of purposes, but that confidence intervals were rarely reported. Aerial imagery and survey‐based methods were the well‐known and widely‐used techniques for predicting river channel migration and river bank erosion. A majority of respondents identified both technical and financial challenges to improving accuracy including client willingness to pay, data quality/cost issues, and hydrologic changes due to land use and climate change. Several recommendations for improving best‐practices are provided, with a focus on the development of erosion datasets, improving data access, and providing additional training opportunities.
{"title":"Findings from a National Survey of Canadian perspectives on predicting river channel migration and river bank erosion","authors":"C. Kupferschmidt, A. D. Binns","doi":"10.1002/rra.4336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.4336","url":null,"abstract":"River bank erosion and river channel migration are geomorphic processes that can result in significant hazards when there are impacts to humans or infrastructure. Unlike flooding, there are limited national guidelines in Canada that provide recommendations on how to best assess riverine erosion hazards. Instead regional and local jurisdictions rely on techniques based on varying levels of policy maturity. The current study presents findings of a nationwide survey on Canadian perspectives on predicting river channel migration and river bank erosion which received more than 40 responses from across Canada. Results showed that predictions were used for a variety of purposes, but that confidence intervals were rarely reported. Aerial imagery and survey‐based methods were the well‐known and widely‐used techniques for predicting river channel migration and river bank erosion. A majority of respondents identified both technical and financial challenges to improving accuracy including client willingness to pay, data quality/cost issues, and hydrologic changes due to land use and climate change. Several recommendations for improving best‐practices are provided, with a focus on the development of erosion datasets, improving data access, and providing additional training opportunities.","PeriodicalId":21513,"journal":{"name":"River Research and Applications","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141551783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jessica M. Orlofske, Brandon R. Wilson, Danielle E. Tesar, Christopher D. Tyrrell, Rachel Headley
The presence of sediment‐burrowing clubtail dragonflies (Gomphidae) may be directly related to riverine geomorphic properties. Their synchronous emergence behavior, marked by persistent exuviae, allows for the examination of emerging adult‐stage habitats. Here we explore how emerging adult and benthic larvae are related to hydrogeomorphic factors through regression modeling. Nine sites in two subwatersheds of the Huron Mountain region (Michigan, USA) were surveyed during two periods: May/June 2021 and August 2021. Temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, and discharge were measured concurrent with invertebrate surveys, and field samples of total suspended solids, nutrients, and substrate particle size distribution were also taken. In spring, 317 exuviae were collected, including 153 Gomphidae. In August, 45 larvae were collected including 22 Gomphidae. Spearman's rank correlations preceded robust regression analysis to aid variable selection. Although nonsignificant, Gomphidae exuviae were negatively correlated with conductivity, average water depth, and percent sand while non‐Gomphidae exuviae were positively correlated with the same variables. The model selection found the top models for Gomphidae and non‐Gomphidae exuviae abundance to relate to depth and conductivity, while the top model for Gomphidae larvae was with discharge. All single variable models (discharge, width, and percent sand) had similar AICc criterion values when examining their relationship with non‐Gomphidae larval abundance. Our study demonstrates that larvae of several riverine dragonfly taxa in the Huron Mountains co‐occur despite hydrogeomorphic variation, yet, at emergence, specific taxa may be responding to different stream properties. Understanding the habitat requirements of riverine dragonflies and how these potentially shift throughout development can support conservation efforts.
{"title":"Fluvial habitat associations of riverine dragonflies (Odonata, Gomphidae) in the Huron Mountains (Michigan, USA)","authors":"Jessica M. Orlofske, Brandon R. Wilson, Danielle E. Tesar, Christopher D. Tyrrell, Rachel Headley","doi":"10.1002/rra.4339","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.4339","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of sediment‐burrowing clubtail dragonflies (Gomphidae) may be directly related to riverine geomorphic properties. Their synchronous emergence behavior, marked by persistent exuviae, allows for the examination of emerging adult‐stage habitats. Here we explore how emerging adult and benthic larvae are related to hydrogeomorphic factors through regression modeling. Nine sites in two subwatersheds of the Huron Mountain region (Michigan, USA) were surveyed during two periods: May/June 2021 and August 2021. Temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, and discharge were measured concurrent with invertebrate surveys, and field samples of total suspended solids, nutrients, and substrate particle size distribution were also taken. In spring, 317 exuviae were collected, including 153 Gomphidae. In August, 45 larvae were collected including 22 Gomphidae. Spearman's rank correlations preceded robust regression analysis to aid variable selection. Although nonsignificant, Gomphidae exuviae were negatively correlated with conductivity, average water depth, and percent sand while non‐Gomphidae exuviae were positively correlated with the same variables. The model selection found the top models for Gomphidae and non‐Gomphidae exuviae abundance to relate to depth and conductivity, while the top model for Gomphidae larvae was with discharge. All single variable models (discharge, width, and percent sand) had similar AICc criterion values when examining their relationship with non‐Gomphidae larval abundance. Our study demonstrates that larvae of several riverine dragonfly taxa in the Huron Mountains co‐occur despite hydrogeomorphic variation, yet, at emergence, specific taxa may be responding to different stream properties. Understanding the habitat requirements of riverine dragonflies and how these potentially shift throughout development can support conservation efforts.","PeriodicalId":21513,"journal":{"name":"River Research and Applications","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141551779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Understanding the drivers and ecological effects of river water temperature (Tw) change remains a complex and challenging task in the field of ecohydrology. We developed the extreme‐point symmetric mode decomposition to quantitatively identify the trend, period and mutation of water temperature (Tw). The sparrow search algorithm‐long short‐term memory model was constructed to reconstruct the historical Tw to quantitatively identify the effects of human activities (HA) and climate change (CC) at different time scales. The random forest method was used to analyse the contribution rates of different meteorological factors and to clarify the main factors. Our results demonstrate that the Tw had a cooling trend in the 1980s, and the other decades have a warming trend, and the annual Tw distribution shows an obvious ‘unimodal’ distribution. The interannual Tw has a short period of 2–3a, 6–12a and a long period of 10–15a. At the interannual scale, as the distance from estuaries decreases, the influence of HA gradually diminishes, and only the great Tw is governed by CC. Contributions from HA and CC to Tw vary at the seasonal and monthly scales due to geographical differences. In Cuntan, the contribution of HA to Tw is greater than that of climatic factors. The contribution rates of climatic and HA in the three regions of Yichang, Hankou and Datong also exhibit their respective characteristics and fluctuation patterns. The maximum temperature is the most important factor affecting the change of Tw. Abnormal Tw changes result in delayed spawning and characteristic reproduction Tw attainment dates for the Four Major Chinese Carps and Acipenser sinensis.
{"title":"Compounding effects of human activities and climatic changes on the river water temperature evolution mechanism for ecological effects","authors":"Ning He, Wenxian Guo, Xuyang Jiao, Hongxiang Wang","doi":"10.1002/rra.4335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.4335","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the drivers and ecological effects of river water temperature (<jats:italic>T</jats:italic><jats:sub>w</jats:sub>) change remains a complex and challenging task in the field of ecohydrology. We developed the extreme‐point symmetric mode decomposition to quantitatively identify the trend, period and mutation of water temperature (<jats:italic>T</jats:italic><jats:sub>w</jats:sub>). The sparrow search algorithm‐long short‐term memory model was constructed to reconstruct the historical <jats:italic>T</jats:italic><jats:sub>w</jats:sub> to quantitatively identify the effects of human activities (HA) and climate change (CC) at different time scales. The random forest method was used to analyse the contribution rates of different meteorological factors and to clarify the main factors. Our results demonstrate that the <jats:italic>T</jats:italic><jats:sub>w</jats:sub> had a cooling trend in the 1980s, and the other decades have a warming trend, and the annual <jats:italic>T</jats:italic><jats:sub>w</jats:sub> distribution shows an obvious ‘unimodal’ distribution. The interannual <jats:italic>T</jats:italic><jats:sub>w</jats:sub> has a short period of 2–3a, 6–12a and a long period of 10–15a. At the interannual scale, as the distance from estuaries decreases, the influence of HA gradually diminishes, and only the great <jats:italic>T</jats:italic><jats:sub>w</jats:sub> is governed by CC. Contributions from HA and CC to <jats:italic>T</jats:italic><jats:sub>w</jats:sub> vary at the seasonal and monthly scales due to geographical differences. In Cuntan, the contribution of HA to <jats:italic>T</jats:italic><jats:sub>w</jats:sub> is greater than that of climatic factors. The contribution rates of climatic and HA in the three regions of Yichang, Hankou and Datong also exhibit their respective characteristics and fluctuation patterns. The maximum temperature is the most important factor affecting the change of <jats:italic>T</jats:italic><jats:sub>w</jats:sub>. Abnormal <jats:italic>T</jats:italic><jats:sub>w</jats:sub> changes result in delayed spawning and characteristic reproduction <jats:italic>T</jats:italic><jats:sub>w</jats:sub> attainment dates for the Four Major Chinese Carps and <jats:italic>Acipenser sinensis</jats:italic>.","PeriodicalId":21513,"journal":{"name":"River Research and Applications","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141503189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sean E. Collins, Margaret E. Moulton, Joseph E. Flotemersch
Nonliving organic matter, including organic carbon, in freshwater systems provides energy inputs to food webs and supports various ecosystem functions. Unusually high organic carbon levels can occur naturally in aquatic habitats such as wetlands and blackwater rivers and streams. However, values may also be high due to anthropogenic influences. In recent years, increasing levels of organic carbon have been observed and suggested as drivers of brownification and increased observation of foam on surface waters. Total organic carbon (TOC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) are not commonly included in field studies of aquatic ecosystems because of sampling logistics and resources required for laboratory measurement. As a potential alternative to laboratory analysis, we evaluated the effectiveness of a portable field meter by comparing laboratory results to data collected in situ. Comparisons were made at 43 surface water sites across northern West Virginia. At each of these sites, a field measurement was recorded using a Real TOC/DOC Field Meter, and a water sample was collected and transported for laboratory measurement using a Shimadzu TOC‐V analyzer. Data from the laboratory and field for each site were compared using bivariate analysis and concordance correlation on matched pairs. Poor agreement existed between field and lab measurements, so a novel data model was created using laboratory‐derived data for further comparison. Substantial accuracy was achieved using the new data model. This suggests that the Real TOC/DOC Field Meter is a viable instrument for field measurement of organic carbon in aquatic ecosystems and may aid in monitoring and management decisions.
{"title":"In‐situ measurement of dissolved organic carbon and total organic carbon in fresh surface waters: Lab validation of a portable field meter","authors":"Sean E. Collins, Margaret E. Moulton, Joseph E. Flotemersch","doi":"10.1002/rra.4337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.4337","url":null,"abstract":"Nonliving organic matter, including organic carbon, in freshwater systems provides energy inputs to food webs and supports various ecosystem functions. Unusually high organic carbon levels can occur naturally in aquatic habitats such as wetlands and blackwater rivers and streams. However, values may also be high due to anthropogenic influences. In recent years, increasing levels of organic carbon have been observed and suggested as drivers of brownification and increased observation of foam on surface waters. Total organic carbon (TOC) and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) are not commonly included in field studies of aquatic ecosystems because of sampling logistics and resources required for laboratory measurement. As a potential alternative to laboratory analysis, we evaluated the effectiveness of a portable field meter by comparing laboratory results to data collected in situ. Comparisons were made at 43 surface water sites across northern West Virginia. At each of these sites, a field measurement was recorded using a Real TOC/DOC Field Meter, and a water sample was collected and transported for laboratory measurement using a Shimadzu TOC‐V analyzer. Data from the laboratory and field for each site were compared using bivariate analysis and concordance correlation on matched pairs. Poor agreement existed between field and lab measurements, so a novel data model was created using laboratory‐derived data for further comparison. Substantial accuracy was achieved using the new data model. This suggests that the Real TOC/DOC Field Meter is a viable instrument for field measurement of organic carbon in aquatic ecosystems and may aid in monitoring and management decisions.","PeriodicalId":21513,"journal":{"name":"River Research and Applications","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141523603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jacob G. Mortensen, Pierre Y. Julien, Brianna Corsi, Chelsey Radobenko, Tristen Anderson
This study seeks better understanding of linkages between channel morphology, streamflow, and aquatic habitat for the effective rehabilitation of imperiled species in rivers subjected to intensive water resource management. We focused on the variability of shallow, low‐velocity (SLV) habitat over 50 years for a 56 km reach of the Rio Grande of central New Mexico (Middle Rio Grande). Hydraulic models used topographic data obtained through long‐term systematic monitoring between 1962 and 2012 to derive relationships between discharge and SLV habitat availability. We developed a temporally integrated habitat metric (TIHM) to facilitate quantitative comparisons of SLV habitat availability over seasonal hydrologic periods (base flow, spring runoff, and summer low flow) for selected years representative of contemporary discharge variations. Results showed that SLV habitat availability, as captured by TIHM values, decreased on average by 83% over the study period (1962–2012), corresponding to completion of the Cochiti Dam (1973), which profoundly altered flow and sediment regimes. Resulting channel incision and floodplain disconnection, caused shifts in discharge‐habitat relationships whereby increases in SLV habitat availability in the modern channel were strictly maximized at the upper range of modeled discharges (200 m3 s−1)—discharges greater than 100 m3 s−1 are infrequent today. Ecological implications of losses to SLV habitat availability include recovery of the federally endangered Rio Grande Silvery Minnow Hybognathus amarus.
{"title":"Impacts of hydrologic and geomorphic alteration to the availability of shallow, low‐velocity habitats in an intensively managed arid‐land river","authors":"Jacob G. Mortensen, Pierre Y. Julien, Brianna Corsi, Chelsey Radobenko, Tristen Anderson","doi":"10.1002/rra.4338","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.4338","url":null,"abstract":"This study seeks better understanding of linkages between channel morphology, streamflow, and aquatic habitat for the effective rehabilitation of imperiled species in rivers subjected to intensive water resource management. We focused on the variability of shallow, low‐velocity (SLV) habitat over 50 years for a 56 km reach of the Rio Grande of central New Mexico (Middle Rio Grande). Hydraulic models used topographic data obtained through long‐term systematic monitoring between 1962 and 2012 to derive relationships between discharge and SLV habitat availability. We developed a temporally integrated habitat metric (TIHM) to facilitate quantitative comparisons of SLV habitat availability over seasonal hydrologic periods (base flow, spring runoff, and summer low flow) for selected years representative of contemporary discharge variations. Results showed that SLV habitat availability, as captured by TIHM values, decreased on average by 83% over the study period (1962–2012), corresponding to completion of the Cochiti Dam (1973), which profoundly altered flow and sediment regimes. Resulting channel incision and floodplain disconnection, caused shifts in discharge‐habitat relationships whereby increases in SLV habitat availability in the modern channel were strictly maximized at the upper range of modeled discharges (200 m<jats:sup>3</jats:sup> s<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup>)—discharges greater than 100 m<jats:sup>3</jats:sup> s<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> are infrequent today. Ecological implications of losses to SLV habitat availability include recovery of the federally endangered Rio Grande Silvery Minnow <jats:italic>Hybognathus amarus</jats:italic>.","PeriodicalId":21513,"journal":{"name":"River Research and Applications","volume":"100 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141503186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Detailed, accurate information on flow patterns in river channels can improve understanding of habitat conditions, geomorphic processes, and potential hazards to help inform water management. Data describing flow patterns in river channels can be obtained efficiently via image‐based techniques that have become more widely used in recent years as the number of platforms for acquiring images has expanded and the number of algorithms for inferring velocities has grown. Image‐based techniques have been incorporated into various software packages, including the Toolbox for River Velocimetry using Images from Aircraft (TRiVIA). TRiVIA is a freely available, standalone computer program that provides a comprehensive workflow for performing particle image velocimetry (PIV)‐based analyses within a graphical interface. This paper summarizes major enhancements incorporated into the latest release of TRiVIA, version 2.1. For example, a new Tool for Input Parameter Selection (TIPS) provides guidance for specifying key inputs to the PIV algorithm by allowing users to explore relationships between flow velocity, pixel size, output vector spacing, and frame interval. Improved visualization capabilities include the ability to create streamlines and display PIV output on an interactive web map. The program now provides greater flexibility for importing field data in various formats and selecting which observations to use for accuracy assessment. The most substantial additions to TRiVIA 2.1 are the ability to integrate bathymetric information with image‐derived velocity estimates to calculate river discharge and to use images acquired from moving aircraft to efficiently map long segments of large rivers to support habitat assessment, contaminant transport studies, and a range of other applications.
{"title":"An enhanced and expanded Toolbox for River Velocimetry using Images from Aircraft (TRiVIA)","authors":"Carl J. Legleiter, Paul J. Kinzel","doi":"10.1002/rra.4333","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.4333","url":null,"abstract":"Detailed, accurate information on flow patterns in river channels can improve understanding of habitat conditions, geomorphic processes, and potential hazards to help inform water management. Data describing flow patterns in river channels can be obtained efficiently via image‐based techniques that have become more widely used in recent years as the number of platforms for acquiring images has expanded and the number of algorithms for inferring velocities has grown. Image‐based techniques have been incorporated into various software packages, including the Toolbox for River Velocimetry using Images from Aircraft (TRiVIA). TRiVIA is a freely available, standalone computer program that provides a comprehensive workflow for performing particle image velocimetry (PIV)‐based analyses within a graphical interface. This paper summarizes major enhancements incorporated into the latest release of TRiVIA, version 2.1. For example, a new Tool for Input Parameter Selection (TIPS) provides guidance for specifying key inputs to the PIV algorithm by allowing users to explore relationships between flow velocity, pixel size, output vector spacing, and frame interval. Improved visualization capabilities include the ability to create streamlines and display PIV output on an interactive web map. The program now provides greater flexibility for importing field data in various formats and selecting which observations to use for accuracy assessment. The most substantial additions to TRiVIA 2.1 are the ability to integrate bathymetric information with image‐derived velocity estimates to calculate river discharge and to use images acquired from moving aircraft to efficiently map long segments of large rivers to support habitat assessment, contaminant transport studies, and a range of other applications.","PeriodicalId":21513,"journal":{"name":"River Research and Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141503187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Negin Rahmati, André St‐Hilaire, Allen Curry, Eisinhower Rincón
Water temperature is recognised as a crucial variable in lotic ecosystems affecting the metabolism of aquatic organisms, with extremely high‐temperature events increasing the risk of mortality of various species. Impounding rivers to regulate flow and generate electricity is one of the causes of altered thermal regimes in river systems. This paper presents the results of a study to simulate the impact of reservoirs on downstream temperatures of the Tobique River, New Brunswick, Canada. CEQUEAU, a hydrological and water temperature model, was used to simulate and assess the flow and water temperature of the Tobique River from 1997 to 2020. It was coupled to a statistical model to generate water temperature at different depths in the reservoir. Results show that the CEQUEAU model was successfully calibrated for water temperature with an overall root mean square error of 1.7°C. Based on the results, when water is drawn from the lower parts of the reservoir, the mean water temperature downstream of the dam increases in winter and spring by ~1°C. The results of this paper provide insight into how dams can affect the incubation time of cold‐water species in eastern Canada. We calculated the hatching degree days of Atlantic salmon and Brook trout to evaluate the impact of dams on fry emergence. Results indicated that the hatching period of Atlantic salmon and Brook trout downstream of reservoirs may shorten under the influence of dams.
{"title":"Hydro‐thermal modelling of the potential impacts of reservoirs on water temperature and incubation time of Atlantic salmon and brook trout in the Tobique River, Canada","authors":"Negin Rahmati, André St‐Hilaire, Allen Curry, Eisinhower Rincón","doi":"10.1002/rra.4310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.4310","url":null,"abstract":"Water temperature is recognised as a crucial variable in lotic ecosystems affecting the metabolism of aquatic organisms, with extremely high‐temperature events increasing the risk of mortality of various species. Impounding rivers to regulate flow and generate electricity is one of the causes of altered thermal regimes in river systems. This paper presents the results of a study to simulate the impact of reservoirs on downstream temperatures of the Tobique River, New Brunswick, Canada. CEQUEAU, a hydrological and water temperature model, was used to simulate and assess the flow and water temperature of the Tobique River from 1997 to 2020. It was coupled to a statistical model to generate water temperature at different depths in the reservoir. Results show that the CEQUEAU model was successfully calibrated for water temperature with an overall root mean square error of 1.7°C. Based on the results, when water is drawn from the lower parts of the reservoir, the mean water temperature downstream of the dam increases in winter and spring by ~1°C. The results of this paper provide insight into how dams can affect the incubation time of cold‐water species in eastern Canada. We calculated the hatching degree days of Atlantic salmon and Brook trout to evaluate the impact of dams on fry emergence. Results indicated that the hatching period of Atlantic salmon and Brook trout downstream of reservoirs may shorten under the influence of dams.","PeriodicalId":21513,"journal":{"name":"River Research and Applications","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141523606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Organisms have adapted to dynamic river flows as part of the natural flow regime. However, climate change and humans' use of fresh water are associated with decreases in the quality and quantity of surface waters. In addition, river impoundments and water withdrawals for human use regulate and dampen the dynamism of flow in many rivers. These changes to the natural flow regime can impact the spawning migrations of lampreys (Petromyzontiformes). Here, our goal is to review the ecology of lamprey spawning migrations associated with river flows, with considerations for controlling invasive sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) and conserving native lampreys (including native, anadromous sea lamprey). We identify five common themes: (1) natural flow regimes provide a competitive edge to native fishes over non‐native fishes; (2) high flows (up to a threshold) attract adult lamprey and large streams attract large numbers of lamprey; (3) larval lamprey pheromones attract adult lampreys; (4) behavioral responses by adult lamprey to flow (including localized hydraulics) can inform dam passage and trapping methods; and (5) changes to rivers induced by climate change have been implicated in changing the phenology of run timing and spawning location. Controlling invasive sea lamprey and conserving native lampreys can be done with pheromones and flow management. Pheromones may be of more use under focused management efforts to control invasive sea lamprey, whereas flow management can provide a foundation for conservation of native lampreys.
{"title":"Stream and river flows mediate adult lamprey spawning migrations: Considerations for management","authors":"Benjamin J. Clemens, C. Michael Wagner","doi":"10.1002/rra.4322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/rra.4322","url":null,"abstract":"Organisms have adapted to dynamic river flows as part of the natural flow regime. However, climate change and humans' use of fresh water are associated with decreases in the quality and quantity of surface waters. In addition, river impoundments and water withdrawals for human use regulate and dampen the dynamism of flow in many rivers. These changes to the natural flow regime can impact the spawning migrations of lampreys (Petromyzontiformes). Here, our goal is to review the ecology of lamprey spawning migrations associated with river flows, with considerations for controlling invasive sea lamprey (<jats:italic>Petromyzon marinus</jats:italic>) and conserving native lampreys (including native, anadromous sea lamprey). We identify five common themes: (1) natural flow regimes provide a competitive edge to native fishes over non‐native fishes; (2) high flows (up to a threshold) attract adult lamprey and large streams attract large numbers of lamprey; (3) larval lamprey pheromones attract adult lampreys; (4) behavioral responses by adult lamprey to flow (including localized hydraulics) can inform dam passage and trapping methods; and (5) changes to rivers induced by climate change have been implicated in changing the phenology of run timing and spawning location. Controlling invasive sea lamprey and conserving native lampreys can be done with pheromones and flow management. Pheromones may be of more use under focused management efforts to control invasive sea lamprey, whereas flow management can provide a foundation for conservation of native lampreys.","PeriodicalId":21513,"journal":{"name":"River Research and Applications","volume":"89 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141195969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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