Bone scintigraphy was performed in a patient with lung cancer of small cell. On bone scintigraphy the increased accumulations in kidneys were observed, while no findings of multiple skeletal accumulations suspected of bone metastases were observed. Four weeks later, when hypercalcemia has been advanced, on repeated bone scintigraphy the extra-skeletal accumulations in such as lung, heart and stomach were shown. These findings indicated that the cause of hypercalcemia in this case was due to not bone metastases but humoral hypercalcemia which the osteolytic substance was produced from tumor. In present paper, the usefulness of bone scintigraphy in hypercalcemia with malignancy, and the mechanism of hypercalcemia have been described and discussed.
Eight patients with acoustic tumor were studied with a superconductive MR imaging. T1-weighted images with Gd-DTPA most accurately showed the margin of the seventh and eighth nerves in the internal auditory canal and were most sensitive in detecting small tumors. T2-weighted images were inferior to T1-weighted images, that could fail to detect small tumors. High resolution, thin slice, MR imaging using surface coil is particularly useful for small acoustic tumor because of its higher specificity compared with air-CT, cisternography.
A forty-year-old woman who developed brain abscess was found to Rendu-Osler-weber syndrome with multiple arteriovenous fistulas of the left lung. Therapeutic embolization of pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas was performed for the prevention against brain abscess and improvement of hypoxia.
The patient was a 60-year-old male. He had undergone orchiectomy 5 years earlier because of prostatic cancer. During this interval, he has taken the estrogen. Scintigraphy revealed on accumulation of Ga-67 citrate in the primary/metastatic foci. Of interest, the image of the accumulation of in the breast demonstrated a "doughnut" pattern.
The problems in the ultrasonographic examination are discussed in four categories as follows; 1) Problems arising from the characteristics of the ultrasonographic equipment such as limited field of view, poor resolution in the far field, dead space in examination of the liver, etc. 2) Problems related to the operation of the equipment such as optimizing the gain, STC, dynamic range, and selection of the focal depth and dynamic focus technique. 3) Problem concerning the interpretation of the ultrasonic images such as determining the orientation of the organ displayed on the image, intra-observer divergence in interpretation of the ultrasonogram. 4) Financial problems about ultrasonography.
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