Pub Date : 2020-12-11DOI: 10.3989/scimar.05091.24a
J. Gili, B. Vendrell-Simón, W. Arntz, F. Sabater, J. Ros
Benthic communities depend on receiving much of their food from the water column. While sinking, particles are transformed in a discontinuous process and are temporally retained in transitional physical structures, which act as boundaries and contribute to their further transformation. Motile organisms are well-acquainted with boundaries. The number, width and placement of boundaries are related to the degree of particle degradation or transformation. Progressively deepening within each boundary, particles are degraded according to their residence time in the discontinuity and the activity of the organisms temporarily inhabiting that boundary. Finally, particles reach the seafloor and represent the main food source for benthic organisms; the quality and quantity of this food have a strong impact on the development of benthic communities. However, benthic communities not only play the role of a sink of matter: they act as an active boundary comparable to other oceanic boundaries, in accordance with the boundary concept proposed by the ecologist Ramon Margalef.
{"title":"The benthos: the ocean’s last boundary?","authors":"J. Gili, B. Vendrell-Simón, W. Arntz, F. Sabater, J. Ros","doi":"10.3989/scimar.05091.24a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.05091.24a","url":null,"abstract":"Benthic communities depend on receiving much of their food from the water column. While sinking, particles are transformed in a discontinuous process and are temporally retained in transitional physical structures, which act as boundaries and contribute to their further transformation. Motile organisms are well-acquainted with boundaries. The number, width and placement of boundaries are related to the degree of particle degradation or transformation. Progressively deepening within each boundary, particles are degraded according to their residence time in the discontinuity and the activity of the organisms temporarily inhabiting that boundary. Finally, particles reach the seafloor and represent the main food source for benthic organisms; the quality and quantity of this food have a strong impact on the development of benthic communities. However, benthic communities not only play the role of a sink of matter: they act as an active boundary comparable to other oceanic boundaries, in accordance with the boundary concept proposed by the ecologist Ramon Margalef.","PeriodicalId":21600,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Marina","volume":"84 1","pages":"463-475"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2020-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44055174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-11DOI: 10.3989/scimar.05029.15a
P. Berrebi, Marielle Trébuchon
Pomatoschistus marmoratus and Pomatoschistus microps are small sedentary gobies inhabiting the lagoons of European Mediterranean and Atlantic coasts. Along the French Mediterranean coast their respective geographical distribution is not precisely known, in part because they are cryptic species. In this study, 512 gobies of both species were caught as 17 samples in 12 lagoons of the Gulf of Lion on the French Mediterranean coast. They were genotyped at six microsatellite loci and investigated statistically using multidimensional analyses, Bayesian assignment (Structure) and NewHybrids classification. This allowed the contrasted distribution of each species (P. microps in the east, P. marmoratus in the west) to be described, with several exceptions. Neither geographic structure nor isolation by distance was detected among differentiated populations of each species. The suggested mechanism is a deep sedentary behaviour associated with foundations following extinctions. The two species are sympatric or even in syntopy in five or six sampled lagoons producing rare fertile hybrids.
{"title":"Distribution and hybridization of two sedentary gobies (Pomatoschistus microps and Pomatoschistus marmoratus) in the lagoons of southern France","authors":"P. Berrebi, Marielle Trébuchon","doi":"10.3989/scimar.05029.15a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.05029.15a","url":null,"abstract":"Pomatoschistus marmoratus and Pomatoschistus microps are small sedentary gobies inhabiting the lagoons of European Mediterranean and Atlantic coasts. Along the French Mediterranean coast their respective geographical distribution is not precisely known, in part because they are cryptic species. In this study, 512 gobies of both species were caught as 17 samples in 12 lagoons of the Gulf of Lion on the French Mediterranean coast. They were genotyped at six microsatellite loci and investigated statistically using multidimensional analyses, Bayesian assignment (Structure) and NewHybrids classification. This allowed the contrasted distribution of each species (P. microps in the east, P. marmoratus in the west) to be described, with several exceptions. Neither geographic structure nor isolation by distance was detected among differentiated populations of each species. The suggested mechanism is a deep sedentary behaviour associated with foundations following extinctions. The two species are sympatric or even in syntopy in five or six sampled lagoons producing rare fertile hybrids.","PeriodicalId":21600,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Marina","volume":"84 1","pages":"355-367"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2020-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44460833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-11DOI: 10.3989/scimar.05139.05a
V. Sbragaglia, R. Arlinghaus
We show that marine recreational spearfishers voluntarily organize bottom-up conservation actions. The main goals of these actions are to provide support to research in monitoring fish assemblages, tracking biological invasions or mitigating impacts on the environment, such as those stemming from pollution and littering. We show that such initiatives started more than 20 years ago and are now facilitated by social media networking. We argue that the emergence of bottom-up conservation actions in marine recreational spearfishers should be encouraged, supported and integrated into participatory management plans. This is important to mitigate the potential negative impacts of marine recreational spearfishing and to catalyse broader civil actions for conservation of marine ecosystems.
{"title":"Conservation bottom-up initiatives in marine recreational spearfishing suggest the emergence of positive attitudes towards conservation","authors":"V. Sbragaglia, R. Arlinghaus","doi":"10.3989/scimar.05139.05a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.05139.05a","url":null,"abstract":"We show that marine recreational spearfishers voluntarily organize bottom-up conservation actions. The main goals of these actions are to provide support to research in monitoring fish assemblages, tracking biological invasions or mitigating impacts on the environment, such as those stemming from pollution and littering. We show that such initiatives started more than 20 years ago and are now facilitated by social media networking. We argue that the emergence of bottom-up conservation actions in marine recreational spearfishers should be encouraged, supported and integrated into participatory management plans. This is important to mitigate the potential negative impacts of marine recreational spearfishing and to catalyse broader civil actions for conservation of marine ecosystems.","PeriodicalId":21600,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Marina","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2020-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47702420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-11DOI: 10.3989/scimar.05081.20a
M. Rajeeshkumar, Kannamkulathil Vijayan Aneesh Kumar, J. L. Otero-Ferrer, A. Lombarte, M. Hashim, N. Saravanane, Veloorkirakathil Narayanan Sanjeevan, Mallavarapu Venkata Ramana Murthy, Víctor Manuel Tuset
Anglerfishes are widely distributed from shallow to deep-water habitats occupying different ecological niches. To explain this adaptability, we performed a morpho-functional study on common benthic anglerfishes inhabiting the Indian deep-sea waters. Sensory capabilities of species were examined using the morphology and morphometry of sagitta otoliths (related to detection sound and hearing) and eye size (related to visual communication). We also performed an analysis of the degree of functional niche overlap using fish body traits to understand the coexistence of species. Otoliths showed a morphological pattern similar to that of other anglerfishes: an archaesulcoid sulcus acusticus and variability in the irregularity of the dorsal margin. This last feature affected the allometric relationships between the otolith morphometry and fish length, as well as the otolith relative sizes of each species. The findings suggested that bigger otoliths are associated with the increase of depth distribution of species up to 1000 m, from which it decreases. Our hypothesis is that anglerfishes with irregular otolith shapes could be linked to more nocturnal feeding behaviour because they were characterized by greater eye sizes. The results also indicated interspecific significant differences in functional traits providing a low niche overlap. Therefore, our study supports the hypothesis of an environmental and ecological specialization of benthic anglerfishes.
{"title":"Differentiating morpho-functional patterns of the five most common deep-sea benthic anglerfishes (Lophiiformes) from Andaman and Nicobar Islands (eastern Indian Ocean)","authors":"M. Rajeeshkumar, Kannamkulathil Vijayan Aneesh Kumar, J. L. Otero-Ferrer, A. Lombarte, M. Hashim, N. Saravanane, Veloorkirakathil Narayanan Sanjeevan, Mallavarapu Venkata Ramana Murthy, Víctor Manuel Tuset","doi":"10.3989/scimar.05081.20a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.05081.20a","url":null,"abstract":"Anglerfishes are widely distributed from shallow to deep-water habitats occupying different ecological niches. To explain this adaptability, we performed a morpho-functional study on common benthic anglerfishes inhabiting the Indian deep-sea waters. Sensory capabilities of species were examined using the morphology and morphometry of sagitta otoliths (related to detection sound and hearing) and eye size (related to visual communication). We also performed an analysis of the degree of functional niche overlap using fish body traits to understand the coexistence of species. Otoliths showed a morphological pattern similar to that of other anglerfishes: an archaesulcoid sulcus acusticus and variability in the irregularity of the dorsal margin. This last feature affected the allometric relationships between the otolith morphometry and fish length, as well as the otolith relative sizes of each species. The findings suggested that bigger otoliths are associated with the increase of depth distribution of species up to 1000 m, from which it decreases. Our hypothesis is that anglerfishes with irregular otolith shapes could be linked to more nocturnal feeding behaviour because they were characterized by greater eye sizes. The results also indicated interspecific significant differences in functional traits providing a low niche overlap. Therefore, our study supports the hypothesis of an environmental and ecological specialization of benthic anglerfishes.","PeriodicalId":21600,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Marina","volume":"84 1","pages":"369-384"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2020-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45287624","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-11DOI: 10.3989/scimar.05086.21a
Nastassia Uluduz, Alexey Yanchukov, M. Sözen
Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Biology, Laboratory of Molecular Systematics, 67100 İncivez/Zonguldak, Turkey. (NU) (Corresponding author) E-mail: nastassia.uluduz@gmail.com. ORCID iD https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7366-0267 (AY) E-mail: yawa33@gmail.com. ORCID iD https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9613-8770 (MS) E-mail: spalaxtr@hotmail.com. ORCID iD https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1911-605X
宗乌尔达克大学文理学院生物学系分子系统学实验室，67100 İncivez/土耳其宗乌尔达克。(NU)(通讯作者)E-mail: nastassia.uluduz@gmail.com。ORCID iD https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7366-0267 (AY)电子邮件:yawa33@gmail.com。cid iD https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9613-8770 (MS) E-mail: spalaxtr@hotmail.com。ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1911-605X
{"title":"Seasonal dynamics of occurrence and group size of three species of cetaceans (Delphinidae and Phocoenidae) on the southwestern coast of the Black Sea","authors":"Nastassia Uluduz, Alexey Yanchukov, M. Sözen","doi":"10.3989/scimar.05086.21a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.05086.21a","url":null,"abstract":"Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University, Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Biology, Laboratory of Molecular Systematics, 67100 İncivez/Zonguldak, Turkey. (NU) (Corresponding author) E-mail: nastassia.uluduz@gmail.com. ORCID iD https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7366-0267 (AY) E-mail: yawa33@gmail.com. ORCID iD https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9613-8770 (MS) E-mail: spalaxtr@hotmail.com. ORCID iD https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1911-605X","PeriodicalId":21600,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Marina","volume":"84 1","pages":"431-439"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2020-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43331265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-15DOI: 10.3989/scimar.05027.17a
O. Utrilla, S. Gofas, J. Urra, P. Marina, Á. Mateo-Ramírez, N. López-González, E. González-García, C. Salas, J. Rueda
Molluscs from the Gazul mud volcano and its adjacent areas in the northern Gulf of Cadiz were studied using different sampling methods. This mud volcano has vulnerable deep-sea habitats and a potential high biodiversity. A total of 232 species were identified from the taxocoenosis and thanatocoenosis, of which 86 are new records for the Spanish margin of the Gulf of Cadiz, three of them are new records for Spanish waters and two species are new to science. The high species richness observed could be related to the combination of different sampling methods, the study of the thanatocoenosis, the high habitat heterogeneity and the geographical location of the Gazul mud volcano between different biogeographical regions. The best-represented species were Bathyarca philippiana, Asperarca nodulosa, Leptochiton sp., Astarte sulcata and Limopsis angusta. The thanatocoenosis harboured, with low frequency, species that are typical of northern latitudes, species indicating past seepage, species from the shelf and species restricted to particular hosts. The taxocoenosis found in different areas of Gazul (the mud volcano edifice, erosive depression and adjacent bottoms) generally displayed significant differences in multivariate analyses. Furthermore, the environmental parameters related to environmental complexity and food availability displayed the highest linkage with the molluscan fauna.
{"title":"Molluscs from benthic habitats of the Gazul mud volcano (Gulf of Cádiz)","authors":"O. Utrilla, S. Gofas, J. Urra, P. Marina, Á. Mateo-Ramírez, N. López-González, E. González-García, C. Salas, J. Rueda","doi":"10.3989/scimar.05027.17a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.05027.17a","url":null,"abstract":"Molluscs from the Gazul mud volcano and its adjacent areas in the northern Gulf of Cadiz were studied using different sampling methods. This mud volcano has vulnerable deep-sea habitats and a potential high biodiversity. A total of 232 species were identified from the taxocoenosis and thanatocoenosis, of which 86 are new records for the Spanish margin of the Gulf of Cadiz, three of them are new records for Spanish waters and two species are new to science. The high species richness observed could be related to the combination of different sampling methods, the study of the thanatocoenosis, the high habitat heterogeneity and the geographical location of the Gazul mud volcano between different biogeographical regions. The best-represented species were Bathyarca philippiana, Asperarca nodulosa, Leptochiton sp., Astarte sulcata and Limopsis angusta. The thanatocoenosis harboured, with low frequency, species that are typical of northern latitudes, species indicating past seepage, species from the shelf and species restricted to particular hosts. The taxocoenosis found in different areas of Gazul (the mud volcano edifice, erosive depression and adjacent bottoms) generally displayed significant differences in multivariate analyses. Furthermore, the environmental parameters related to environmental complexity and food availability displayed the highest linkage with the molluscan fauna.","PeriodicalId":21600,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Marina","volume":"84 1","pages":"273-295"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2020-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41625496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-15DOI: 10.3989/scimar.05036.05a
F. Pellizzari, Vanessa Sayuri Osaki, M. C. Santos-Silva
Oceanic islands are natural laboratories for investigating species diversity and richness patterns. Changes in abiotic parameters may induce shifts in marine biota. Seaweeds are recognized as bioindicators, though those from remote tropical islands have been rarely studied. This study updates the diversity, richness and distribution of macroalgae from Trindade, a Brazilian volcanic island located 1140 km off the coast. Biotic data, obtained in a global database and in situ and compiled in a new records list, were associated with abiotic parameters. Conservation and ecological issues were discussed in the context of the observed greater richness, expansion of the distributional range and low endemism. A total of 141 species were identified, including 60 new records and 20 taxa of filamentous cyanobacteria. The greater richness, including potential cryptogenic species, may primarily be associated with past incomplete samplings, current new techniques and combined taxonomical methods, including molecular analysis for cryptic species. However, on the macroscale, this study provides information for the re-evaluation of aspects of endemism, connections and biogeographical distribution shifts of seaweed assemblages, considering environmental changes. In addition, this updated checklist establishes a baseline for further comparative studies, reinforcing the hypothesis that biogeographical isolation can be disrupted by meteorological and oceanographic shifts, altering dispersal patterns and resulting in higher ecosystems connectivity.
{"title":"New records of seaweeds and filamentous cyanobacteria from Trindade Island: an updated checklist to support conservation guidelines and monitoring of environmental changes in the southern Atlantic archipelagos","authors":"F. Pellizzari, Vanessa Sayuri Osaki, M. C. Santos-Silva","doi":"10.3989/scimar.05036.05a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.05036.05a","url":null,"abstract":"Oceanic islands are natural laboratories for investigating species diversity and richness patterns. Changes in abiotic parameters may induce shifts in marine biota. Seaweeds are recognized as bioindicators, though those from remote tropical islands have been rarely studied. This study updates the diversity, richness and distribution of macroalgae from Trindade, a Brazilian volcanic island located 1140 km off the coast. Biotic data, obtained in a global database and in situ and compiled in a new records list, were associated with abiotic parameters. Conservation and ecological issues were discussed in the context of the observed greater richness, expansion of the distributional range and low endemism. A total of 141 species were identified, including 60 new records and 20 taxa of filamentous cyanobacteria. The greater richness, including potential cryptogenic species, may primarily be associated with past incomplete samplings, current new techniques and combined taxonomical methods, including molecular analysis for cryptic species. However, on the macroscale, this study provides information for the re-evaluation of aspects of endemism, connections and biogeographical distribution shifts of seaweed assemblages, considering environmental changes. In addition, this updated checklist establishes a baseline for further comparative studies, reinforcing the hypothesis that biogeographical isolation can be disrupted by meteorological and oceanographic shifts, altering dispersal patterns and resulting in higher ecosystems connectivity.","PeriodicalId":21600,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Marina","volume":"84 1","pages":"227-242"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2020-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41625604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-15DOI: 10.3989/scimar.05018.11b
Alèssia Pons-Fita, J. Verdura, J. Santamaría, D. Kersting, E. Ballesteros
espanolLos ambientes rocosos someros del Mediterraneo estan habitualmente dominados por macroalgas, no obstante, el coral colonial zooxantelado Cladocora caespitosa es capaz de formar bancos extensos en algunos lugares. Aunque es predecible que los corales con zooxantelas y las algas bentonicas compitan por la luz y el espacio cuando coinciden en el mismo habitat, hay evidencias previas de que C. Caespitosa y las algas mediterraneas no se excluyen competitivamente cuando viven juntas. En este trabajo se caracteriza un nuevo y unico habitat mediterraneo donde el coral formador de arrecifes C. caespitosa y algas erectas del orden Fucales (Cystoseira s.l.) coexisten. En este habitat nuevo C. Caespitosa alcanza coberturas del 34% y las densidades de Cystoseira s.l. (principalmente de Treptacantha ballesterosii) son mucho mayores que los valores encontrados en otros lugares. Remarcablemente, las abundancias de T. Ballesterosii y C. Caespitosa muestran una relacion positiva, sugiriendo que existe algun tipo de mecanismo de facilitacion. Este hallazgo pone en jaque la teoria de exclusion competitiva entre corales y macroalgas, a la vez que puede iniciar un amplio abanico de discusiones en las interacciones entre corales y macroalgas. EnglishShallow Mediterranean rocky environments are usually dominated by macroalgae, but the stony colonial zooxanthellate coral Cladocora caespitosa is able to build extensive banks in some particular areas. Although zooxanthellate corals and benthic macroalgae are expected to compete for light and space when overlapping in the same habitat, there is previous evidence that C. Caespitosa and Mediterranean macroalgae do not suffer from competitive exclusion when living together. Here we characterize a new and unique Mediterranean habitat where the reef-building coral C. Caespitosa and erect seaweeds of the order Fucales (Cystoseira s.l.) coexist. In this new habitat C. Caespitosa reaches 34% cover and densities of Cystoseira s.l. (mainly Treptacantha ballesterosii) are much higher than values reported from other sites. Interestingly, abundances of T. Ballesterosii and C. Caespitosa show a positive relationship, suggesting that some kind of facilitation mechanism is taking place. These findings challenge the theory of competitive exclusion between corals and macroalgae and launch a wide array of possible open discussions on coral-macroalgae interactions.
{"title":"Coexistence of the reef-building coral Cladocora caespitosa and the canopy-forming alga Treptacantha ballesterosii: Description of a new Mediterranean habitat","authors":"Alèssia Pons-Fita, J. Verdura, J. Santamaría, D. Kersting, E. Ballesteros","doi":"10.3989/scimar.05018.11b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.05018.11b","url":null,"abstract":"espanolLos ambientes rocosos someros del Mediterraneo estan habitualmente dominados por macroalgas, no obstante, el coral colonial zooxantelado Cladocora caespitosa es capaz de formar bancos extensos en algunos lugares. Aunque es predecible que los corales con zooxantelas y las algas bentonicas compitan por la luz y el espacio cuando coinciden en el mismo habitat, hay evidencias previas de que C. Caespitosa y las algas mediterraneas no se excluyen competitivamente cuando viven juntas. En este trabajo se caracteriza un nuevo y unico habitat mediterraneo donde el coral formador de arrecifes C. caespitosa y algas erectas del orden Fucales (Cystoseira s.l.) coexisten. En este habitat nuevo C. Caespitosa alcanza coberturas del 34% y las densidades de Cystoseira s.l. (principalmente de Treptacantha ballesterosii) son mucho mayores que los valores encontrados en otros lugares. Remarcablemente, las abundancias de T. Ballesterosii y C. Caespitosa muestran una relacion positiva, sugiriendo que existe algun tipo de mecanismo de facilitacion. Este hallazgo pone en jaque la teoria de exclusion competitiva entre corales y macroalgas, a la vez que puede iniciar un amplio abanico de discusiones en las interacciones entre corales y macroalgas. EnglishShallow Mediterranean rocky environments are usually dominated by macroalgae, but the stony colonial zooxanthellate coral Cladocora caespitosa is able to build extensive banks in some particular areas. Although zooxanthellate corals and benthic macroalgae are expected to compete for light and space when overlapping in the same habitat, there is previous evidence that C. Caespitosa and Mediterranean macroalgae do not suffer from competitive exclusion when living together. Here we characterize a new and unique Mediterranean habitat where the reef-building coral C. Caespitosa and erect seaweeds of the order Fucales (Cystoseira s.l.) coexist. In this new habitat C. Caespitosa reaches 34% cover and densities of Cystoseira s.l. (mainly Treptacantha ballesterosii) are much higher than values reported from other sites. Interestingly, abundances of T. Ballesterosii and C. Caespitosa show a positive relationship, suggesting that some kind of facilitation mechanism is taking place. These findings challenge the theory of competitive exclusion between corals and macroalgae and launch a wide array of possible open discussions on coral-macroalgae interactions.","PeriodicalId":21600,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Marina","volume":"84 1","pages":"263-271"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2020-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47697292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-15DOI: 10.3989/scimar.05043.19a
Pamela Palacios-Fuentes, Macarena Díaz-Astudillo, María Antonia Reculé, F. Patricio Ojeda, M. Landaeta
This study evaluates the swimming behaviour of pre-settled fish larvae of the triplefin Helcogrammoides chilensis (Tripterygiidae) in relation to local environmental conditions. Larval aggregations were recorded on rocky reefs off central Chile during the austral summer of 2014 and 2016 to describe their swimming behaviour (i.e. solitary, shoaling, schooling) and relate it to in situ water temperature, wind stress, wind speed and turbulence. Shoaling and solitary behaviour were influenced only by wind-induced turbulence in 2014 and by seawater temperature and wind stress in 2016. Schooling behaviour was not influenced by any of the environmental variables. In situ swimming behaviour of fish larvae has been little investigated, and this work proposes a non-invasive in situ methodology for studying fish larval behaviour.
{"title":"Presettlement schooling behaviour of a rocky fish in a shallow area. Is it related to local environmental conditions?","authors":"Pamela Palacios-Fuentes, Macarena Díaz-Astudillo, María Antonia Reculé, F. Patricio Ojeda, M. Landaeta","doi":"10.3989/scimar.05043.19a","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3989/scimar.05043.19a","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluates the swimming behaviour of pre-settled fish larvae of the triplefin Helcogrammoides chilensis (Tripterygiidae) in relation to local environmental conditions. Larval aggregations were recorded on rocky reefs off central Chile during the austral summer of 2014 and 2016 to describe their swimming behaviour (i.e. solitary, shoaling, schooling) and relate it to in situ water temperature, wind stress, wind speed and turbulence. Shoaling and solitary behaviour were influenced only by wind-induced turbulence in 2014 and by seawater temperature and wind stress in 2016. Schooling behaviour was not influenced by any of the environmental variables. In situ swimming behaviour of fish larvae has been little investigated, and this work proposes a non-invasive in situ methodology for studying fish larval behaviour.","PeriodicalId":21600,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Marina","volume":"84 1","pages":"243-252"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2020-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46745471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-15DOI: 10.3989/scimar.04991.29a
C. Longo, G. Corriero, F. Cardone, M. Mercurio, C. Pierri, C. Nonnis Marzano
The sponge fauna colonizing rhodolith beds from Ustica Island marine protected area was studied. Moreover, an inventory of the sponge species present along the island’s coasts was carried out for the first time. Analysis of rhodoliths trapped in nets used by local fishermen at two sites and data obtained from underwater video images were used to identify 25 sponge taxa, 22 of them at species level. The classes Demospongiae and Homoscleromorpha were present with 24 and 1 species, respectively. Most of the specimens were small-sized and represented by thick crusts or short erect branches. Few specimens were insinuating or excavating. Furthermore, qualitative sampling was performed on Ustica’s coralligenous formations, photophilous hard substrates and in marine caves, and the results obtained were added to the literature data. The overall checklist of sponges from Ustica encompassed 97 taxa, 90 named at species level, subdivided into 6 taxa of Calcarea, 3 of Homoscleromorpha and 88 of Demospongiae. Eleven of the species were endemic to the Mediterranean Sea, mainly concentrated on rhodoliths and in marine caves. This research adds a fundamental element to the knowledge of invertebrates associated with rhodoliths, and updates the checklist of sponges colonizing Ustica’s waters, facilitating its future monitoring.
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