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Assessment of the knowledge that forms a conscious need for healthy nutrition in school children as the main element of a healthy lifestyle 评估在校儿童自觉需要健康营养的知识,将其作为健康生活方式的主要要素
Pub Date : 2023-02-28 DOI: 10.15293/2658-6762.2301.07
S. Romanenko, O. Shepeleva, A. Sorokina, I. Shevkun, I. Novikova
Introduction. The authors present the results of a study devoted to the issue of forming the basics of healthy eating for schoolchildren in the Russian Federation, which is the main goal of ‘Demography’ National project, aimed at monitoring schoolchildren’s nutrition and health. An important part of solving this problem is raising schoolchildren’s awareness of and their commitment to the principles of healthy nutrition, as factors reducing the risk of overweight and obesity, which are predictors of alimentary-related diseases. The aim of the research is to examine awareness of and adherence to the principles of healthy eating among schoolchildren with different body mass index in the Russian Federation in order to develop an integrated approach to activities and interventions aimed at developing healthy eating habits and eating behavior according the principles of healthy eating. Materials and Methods. The work used sociological (questionnaires), analytical and statistical research methods. The study was conducted in 66 constituent entities (federal subjects) of the Russian Federation among students in educational institutions and their parents (legal representatives) and heads of educational institutions in accordance with MR 2.3.0167-20, approved by the Chief State Sanitary Doctor of the Russian Federation A.Yu. Popova, March, 20, 2020). The study was conducted in the form of a sociological survey. The assessment of anthropometric indicators given by the respondents during the survey was carried out using the WHO methodology (2007). Statistical processing was conducted using the STATISTICA-10.0 system and Microsoft Excel using descriptive methods of statistics and t-test (in case of normal data distribution) and Fisher (U). Differences were considered statistically significant at p <0.05. Results. When analyzing the data of the survey, the authors found that the majority of schoolchildren and their parents (legal representatives) participating in the study are familiar with the principles of healthy eating, while only about a quarter of them follow these principles. Peculiarities were revealed in indicators of respondents' adherence to the rules of healthy eating depending on nutritional status, indicating a greater proportion of children with overweight and obesity among those who are unfamiliar with the principles of healthy eating. There were no significant differences in age and place of residence. However, all groups demonstrated low consumption of milk and dairy as well as wholemeal bread, which are characterized by large amounts of useful macro- and micronutrients. Priority sources of information about the principles of healthy eating have been established. They include healthcare workers, the Internet and television, respectively. It was revealed that in most educational institutions sanitary and educational work is carried out, aimed at developing skills and the need for a healthy diet. The largest number of children participating in t
介绍。作者介绍了一项专门研究俄罗斯联邦学童健康饮食基础问题的研究结果,这是旨在监测学童营养和健康的"人口"国家项目的主要目标。解决这一问题的一个重要部分是提高学童对健康营养原则的认识和承诺,因为健康营养是减少超重和肥胖风险的因素,而超重和肥胖是与食物有关的疾病的预测因素。这项研究的目的是调查俄罗斯联邦不同体质指数的学童对健康饮食原则的认识和遵守情况,以便对旨在根据健康饮食原则培养健康饮食习惯和饮食行为的活动和干预措施制定综合办法。材料与方法。本研究采用了社会学(问卷调查)、分析和统计研究方法。该研究是在俄罗斯联邦66个组成实体(联邦主体)中,根据俄罗斯联邦首席国家卫生医生A.Yu批准的2.3.0167-20号条例,在教育机构的学生及其家长(法律代表)和教育机构负责人中进行的。Popova, 2020年3月20日)。这项研究是以社会学调查的形式进行的。使用世卫组织的方法(2007年)对调查期间答复者提供的人体测量指标进行了评估。统计学处理采用STATISTICA-10.0系统和Microsoft Excel,采用描述性统计方法和t检验(数据正态分布)和Fisher (U), p <0.05认为差异有统计学意义。结果。在分析调查数据时,作者发现,参与研究的大多数学童及其父母(法定代理人)都熟悉健康饮食的原则,而只有大约四分之一的人遵循这些原则。根据营养状况,应答者遵守健康饮食规则的指标显示出特殊性,表明超重和肥胖儿童在不熟悉健康饮食原则的儿童中所占比例较大。在年龄和居住地方面没有显著差异。然而,所有组都表现出低牛奶和奶制品以及全麦面包的消费,其特点是大量有用的宏量和微量营养素。已经确定了关于健康饮食原则的优先信息来源。它们分别包括医疗工作者、互联网和电视。据透露,在大多数教育机构开展卫生和教育工作,旨在培养技能和健康饮食的必要性。参与教育项目实施的儿童人数最多的是小学生,中学生和高中生所占比例较低。结论。本研究认为,实施旨在提高学童健康饮食规则知识的计划对确保学童的健康营养具有重要作用,这有助于形成儿童身体适当的适应能力,降低与食物有关的病理风险。作者强调,在制定和实施方案时,有必要注意超重和肥胖学童对健康饮食原则的认识和承诺的识别特征,并增加中、高年级学童的参与。发展一种与家庭有关的办法来解决这个问题被认为是有希望的。
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引用次数: 0
The use of educational technologies for the development of students’ axiological potential (based on studying the ethnoculture of the Crimea) 利用教育技术开发学生价值论潜能(基于对克里米亚民族文化的研究)
Pub Date : 2023-02-28 DOI: 10.15293/2658-6762.2301.04
I.A. Zakiryanova, A. Mikhaylova
Introduction. The article presents a study on the problem of designing educational activities that contribute to spiritual, moral and patriotic education of the younger generation, aimed at preserving culture, historical memory, and continuity of generations. The purpose of the research is to uncover and prove the capacity of student-centered technologies for the development of students' axiological potential during the study of Crimean ethnoculture. Materials and Methods. The study follows the axiological approach, from which the assessment of the educational capacity of the Crimean ethnoculture for spiritual and moral formation of the individual was made. Psychodiagnostic techniques were used to assess students' understanding of the main indicators of spiritual and moral development. The sample consisted of 1st and 2nd year undergraduate students of the Polytechnic Institute of Sevastopol State University, majoring in Technosphere safety. Results. The article reviews the research on the issues of spiritual and moral education in modern conditions and the problem of developing the axiological potential of the future professional. It should be noted that in modern conditions the problem of creating important life values (citizenship and patriotism, spirituality and morality, respect) are strategic priorities of social development. The authors emphasize that the self-understanding of a person as part of their nation and the formation of historical memory are based on the development of ethnoculture. This study substantiates that the Crimean region is a special socio-cultural platform favorable for the education of new generations on the basis of its specificity, contained in the ethno-cultural heritage. The authors argue that the educational environment of the university, including the use of student-centered technologies, ensures the development of individual’s axiological potential (realizing life purposes, moral meanings and sources of spiritual development). Conclusions. The authors come to the conclusion that developing axiological potential of students on the basis of studying Crimean ethnoculture contributes to the formation of a humanistically oriented personality, ready for intercultural dialogue, open to interaction and cooperation with people of different nationalities and faiths in the single multicultural ethnic society.
介绍。本文就如何设计有利于年轻一代的精神、道德和爱国主义教育的教育活动问题进行了研究,旨在保护文化、历史记忆和世代传承。本研究旨在揭示并证明以学生为中心的技术在克里米亚民族文化研究中对学生价值论潜能发展的能力。材料与方法。本研究遵循价值论的方法,从中评估克里米亚民族文化对个人精神和道德形成的教育能力。使用心理诊断技术来评估学生对精神和道德发展主要指标的理解。样本由塞瓦斯托波尔国立大学理工学院技术圈安全专业的一年级和二年级本科生组成。结果。本文回顾了现代条件下的精神道德教育问题和未来职业价值论潜能开发问题的研究。应当指出,在现代条件下,创造重要的人生价值(公民和爱国主义、精神和道德、尊重)的问题是社会发展的战略优先事项。作者强调,一个人作为民族的一部分的自我认识和历史记忆的形成是以民族文化的发展为基础的。这项研究证实,克里米亚地区是一个特殊的社会文化平台,有利于新一代的教育,基于其特殊性,包含在民族文化遗产中。作者认为,大学的教育环境,包括以学生为中心的技术的使用,保证了个人价值潜能的发展(实现人生目的、道德意义和精神发展的源泉)。结论。作者得出结论,在研究克里米亚民族文化的基础上开发学生的价值论潜力,有助于形成以人文为导向的人格,准备好跨文化对话,在单一的多元文化民族社会中与不同民族和信仰的人进行互动与合作。
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引用次数: 0
Determining conditions for improving the quality of education in rural schools with low educational outcomes 确定提高农村低教育成效学校教育质量的条件
Pub Date : 2023-02-28 DOI: 10.15293/2658-6762.2301.05
F. F. Gumerova, L. Amirova, G. Kalimullina, Almaz Flurovich Mustaev, O. V. Gumerova
Introduction. The authors investigate the problem of improving the quality of teaching and learning in comprehensive schools. The purpose of the study is to determine the conditions for improving the quality of education in rural schools with low educational outcomes. Materials and Methods. The research investigation follows systemic, student-centered, activity-oriented and environmental approaches, which are adopted in accordance with the context of the study in the concepts of personalized learning, the development of information and communication culture, open education, interaction and cooperation of a regional pedagogical university with rural and small schools. The research methods used include scientific literature analysis, comparison, concretization, synthesis of conclusions and generalization, empirical research methods, methods of quantitative and qualitative analysis of the results obtained. The developed model is used by the authors as a universal technology for forecasting, planning and solving the problem of cognitive uncertainty. It fulfills a methodological function and is considered as a universal variant of specially organized activities to minimize risks when achieving the desired high educational results in rural educational institutions. Results. The authors summarize the trends and priorities of improving the quality of education in educational institutions based on the analysis of Russian and foreign studies. The authors summarize the ideas about the modeling of teaching and learning processes in the education system. In the course of the study, the authors identify the conditions for a universal variant of the model aimed at improving the quality of education for rural schools with low educational outcomes as a regional management tool. Based on the developed and tested model for improving the quality of education and the results of preliminary comprehensive diagnostics for each educational organization of a single region, the authors determine the most characteristic regional risks using the example of the Republic of Bashkortostan. It is noted that one of the effective mechanisms for improving the quality of education in general education institutions include activities that take into account the specifics and risk of a particular region. Conclusions. The study concludes that the developed model is a conceptual support for building the process of obtaining high educational results in rural schools. The results obtained can be used by local educational authorities of the subjects of the Russian Federation, federal districts of the Russian Federation, and educational institutions to improve the quality of education.
介绍。本文就提高综合学校教与学质量的问题进行了探讨。本研究的目的是确定改善教育成效低的农村学校教育质量的条件。材料与方法。研究调查遵循系统的、以学生为中心的、以活动为导向的和环境的方法,根据研究的背景,采用个性化学习、信息和交流文化的发展、开放教育、区域师范大学与农村和小型学校的互动与合作的概念。所采用的研究方法包括科学文献分析法、比较法、具体化法、结论综合与概括法、实证研究法、对所得结果进行定量和定性分析的方法。所开发的模型被作者用作预测、规划和解决认知不确定性问题的通用技术。它履行了一种方法功能,被认为是特别组织的活动的普遍变体,以便在农村教育机构实现预期的高教育成果时最大限度地减少风险。结果。作者在分析俄罗斯和国外研究的基础上,总结了提高教育机构教育质量的趋势和重点。作者总结了教育系统中教学过程建模的思想。在研究过程中,作者确定了该模型的普遍变体的条件,该模型旨在作为一种区域管理工具,提高教育成果较低的农村学校的教育质量。基于开发和测试的提高教育质量的模型以及对单个地区的每个教育机构进行初步综合诊断的结果,作者以巴什科尔托斯坦共和国为例确定了最具特征的区域风险。委员会指出,提高普通教育机构教育质量的有效机制之一包括考虑到特定区域的具体情况和风险的活动。结论。研究认为,该模型为构建农村学校高教育绩效过程提供了概念支持。获得的结果可用于俄罗斯联邦主体的地方教育当局,俄罗斯联邦联邦区和教育机构,以提高教育质量。
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引用次数: 0
Specific features of student's self-identification in the comparative context of analysing socio-cultural characteristics of the society 在分析社会文化特征的比较背景下学生自我认同的具体特征
Pub Date : 2023-02-28 DOI: 10.15293/2658-6762.2301.03
V.V. Barkova, A. Semchenko, A. Savchenkov, N. Mamylina
Introduction. The article presents a comparative theorized review of the specific characteristics of students’ self-identification as main stakeholders of education, adapted to the conditions of mega-cultural challenges of social reality. Interest in the problem of student self-identity is determined by modern discussions about human identity, the specifics of its self-expression and existence in a rapidly and sometimes unpredictably changing social reality. The aim of the article is to identify the specific characteristics of the student's self-identification in the comparative context of analyzing socio-cultural characteristics of the society. Materials and Methods. The methodological basis of the study was sociocultural and systemic approaches. The authors used the principles of flexible rationality in building theorized constructs of the phenomenon of self-identity. The theory of ideal types (M. Veber) has the methodological value of the study, which makes it possible to navigate in the variety of manifestations of self-identification. The authors used the following research methods: a comparative historical method, deductive and chronological methods, generalization and analysis. Results. The authors have identified and analyzed specific features of students’ self-identification in the comparative context of the socio-cultural characteristics of modern society. It was revealed that students’ self-identification is influenced by a range of economic, geopolitical, digital and pandemic-related factors as well as communicative deviations, which can be subjective, objective, rational or irrational. In the course of this work the authors discovered that modern culture is perceived as a mosaic, rhizome, fragmentary-lipoid formation, in the semantic space of which the student is functioning (crisis of self-identification). The authors substantiate the idea that in philosophical discourse, the historical and cultural system of modern education contributes to the formation of an individual focused on observing rather than thinking. Thus, there is a strong need for rethinking the basic universals of professional education system, including self-identity construct (professional development, worldview, values, meanings, goals and aspirations). The authors highlight the essential problems of the phenomenon of self-identity as a complex self-evolving system and outline the patterns of organization of a student's meaningful life orientations in the space-time continuum of history and professional culture. Conclusions. The authors conclude about specific characteristics of students’ self-identification in the comparative context of analyzing socio-cultural characteristics of the society. The main content of student's self-identity is summarized with an emphasis on the harmony of interaction of the components of self-consciousness in certain cultural and historical situations, i.e. on the formation of the ability to solve professional problems with the correl
介绍。本文对学生自我认同作为教育的主要利益相关者的具体特征进行了比较的理论回顾,以适应社会现实的大文化挑战。对学生自我认同问题的兴趣是由现代关于人类身份的讨论决定的,它的自我表达的细节和在一个迅速的、有时不可预测的变化的社会现实中的存在。本文的目的是在分析社会文化特征的比较背景下,找出学生自我认同的具体特征。材料与方法。该研究的方法论基础是社会文化和系统方法。作者运用灵活理性原则构建了自我同一性现象的理论化构念。理想类型理论(M. Veber)具有方法论的研究价值,它使我们有可能在自我认同的各种表现形式中进行导航。本文采用了历史比较法、演绎法和时间顺序法、归纳法和分析法。结果。作者在现代社会社会文化特征的比较背景下,识别并分析了学生自我认同的具体特征。研究发现,学生的自我认同受到一系列经济、地缘政治、数字和大流行相关因素以及交流偏差的影响,这些因素可以是主观的、客观的、理性的或非理性的。在这项工作的过程中,作者发现,现代文化被视为一种马赛克,根茎状,碎片状的脂质结构,在学生的语义空间中运作(自我认同危机)。作者论证了在哲学话语中,现代教育的历史文化体系有助于形成注重观察而非思考的个体。因此,迫切需要重新思考专业教育体系的基本共性,包括自我认同建构(专业发展、世界观、价值观、意义、目标和愿望)。作者强调了自我认同现象作为一个复杂的自我演化系统的本质问题,并概述了学生有意义的人生取向在历史和专业文化的时空连续体中的组织模式。结论。作者在分析社会文化特征的比较背景下,总结出学生自我认同的具体特征。总结了学生自我认同的主要内容,强调在一定的文化和历史情境下,自我意识的组成部分相互作用的和谐,即通过自身的“自我”形象与时代、国家和个人选择的基本道德价值观的关联,形成解决专业问题的能力。
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引用次数: 0
Factors determining the motivation of non-linguistic students in online and offline foreign language learning 决定非语言学生在线和离线外语学习动机的因素
Pub Date : 2023-02-28 DOI: 10.15293/2658-6762.2301.02
Y. N. Mukhina, S. S. Kovalchuk
Introduction. The article investigates the specifics of traditional and distance learning for undergraduate and postgraduate non-linguistic students learning a foreign language. The authors focus on the types of motivation and the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) as an effective way to increase students' interest in learning a foreign language. The purpose of the article is to identify the factors influencing the motivation of full-time and part-time non-linguistic students in online and offline foreign language learning. Materials and Methods. The authors used theoretical (analysis, comparison) and empirical (observation, questionnaire, quasi-experiment) research methods to achieve the purpose and verify the hypotheses. The observed experimental groups of students answered a set of questions from a questionnaire in Microsoft Forms. The survey was divided into units devoted to the use of ICT for non-academic purposes and for English language learning purposes, as well as a range of factors that may determine students' motivation. Results. The study revealed intrinsically and extrinsically motivated students in the experimental groups. The research findings showed that full-time undergraduate and postgraduate students found it more difficult to study online and their learning outcomes were significantly lower compared to part-time students. Nevertheless, the authors noted that part-time students preferred traditional foreign language learning. It was more difficult for them to concentrate on learning English at home than in the classroom. ICT in foreign language learning confirmed its effectiveness in acquiring and developing knowledge and communicative skills for full-time students due to durable application. Conclusions. The article concludes that different types of motivation are characteristic for part-time and full-time postgraduate and undergraduate students. Students’ motivation depends on a set of positive and negative factors affecting the learning process. Online learning is more effective for senior part-time students than for traditional part-time student population. The effectiveness of ICT is in direct correlation with the duration of use, so full-time students have a time advantage.
介绍。本文探讨了传统教育和远程教育对本科和研究生非语言专业学生学习外语的特点。作者着重讨论了动机的类型以及信息通信技术(ICT)作为提高学生学习外语兴趣的有效途径的使用。本文的目的是找出影响全日制和兼职非语言学生在线和离线学习外语动机的因素。材料与方法。作者采用理论(分析、比较)和实证(观察、问卷调查、准实验)两种研究方法来达到研究目的,并对假设进行验证。被观察的实验组学生回答了一系列微软表格问卷中的问题。调查分为两个单元,分别是用于非学术目的和英语学习目的的信息和通信技术的使用,以及可能决定学生动机的一系列因素。结果。该研究揭示了实验组学生的内在动机和外在动机。研究结果显示,与非全日制学生相比,全日制本科生和研究生发现在线学习更困难,他们的学习成果也明显较低。然而,作者指出,兼职学生更喜欢传统的外语学习。对他们来说,在家里集中精力学习英语比在教室里更难。信息通信技术在外语学习中的应用证实了其在全日制学生获取和发展知识和交际能力方面的有效性。结论。本文认为,非全日制研究生和全日制本科生的学习动机类型不同。学生的学习动机取决于一系列影响学习过程的积极因素和消极因素。与传统的非全日制学生相比,在线学习对高年级非全日制学生更有效。信息通信技术的有效性与使用时间直接相关,因此全日制学生具有时间优势。
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引用次数: 0
Education of pedagogical university students on media competence under the conditions of the transformation of the educational process 教育过程转型条件下的师范类大学生媒介能力教育
Pub Date : 2023-02-28 DOI: 10.15293/2658-6762.2301.01
S.R. Musifullin
Introduction. The article deals with the problems of information literacy education, the systematic management of media education and the media literacy of future teachers. The purpose of the study is to identify the specifics of developing media literacy of pedagogical university students under the conditions of transformation of the educational process. Materials and Methods. The study was carried out in the logic of an educational experiment. The development of favorable conditions contributing to the formation of media literacy was based on the analysis of successful educational practices. The empirical data were analyzed and summarized. The sample consisted of 256 undergraduate students studying Education. Criteria and corresponding level indicators of media competence formation were developed in order to check the validity of research findings. In the development of criteria for the formation of media literacy of future teachers, adequate and proven methods were used for validity and reliability. The development of favorable conditions to facilitate the development of media literacy was based on the analysis of successful pedagogical practices. The obtained data were interpreted and analyzed. In order to calculate the reliability of statistical data and the accuracy of the results, the formulas of Ryulon, Spearman-Brown and Kronbach were used. Results. Theoretical analysis of scientific literature made it possible to clarify the concept of media literacy, to determine the main educational mechanisms and conditions for the formation of media literacy. The proposed definition of media literacy made it possible to designate it as one of the professional competencies of a future teacher. The formative experiment involved the revision of the teaching content and the creation of effective and relevant educational conditions for the formation of students’ media literacy. It is noted that the indicators of media literacy formation are observed within the framework of interdisciplinary educational events in extracurricular activities. Student associations and activities allowed students to put media literacy skills into practice. Within the framework of student associations, students' perception of the importance of the ability to critically perceive information, the need for verification, the significance of the ability to work with various sources of information has changed. Conclusions. The author concludes that the conditions implemented within the framework of the educational process ensure the successful formation of media literacy in pedagogical university students.
介绍。本文从信息素养教育、媒介教育的系统化管理以及未来教师媒介素养的培养等方面进行了探讨。本研究的目的是找出在教育过程转变的条件下,师范大学生媒介素养培养的具体特点。材料与方法。这项研究是按照教育实验的逻辑进行的。在分析成功教育实践的基础上,发展有利于媒介素养形成的有利条件。对实证数据进行了分析和总结。样本包括256名学习教育学的本科生。为了检验研究结果的有效性,我们制定了媒介能力形成的标准和相应的水平指标。在制定未来教师媒介素养形成标准的过程中,采用了充分的、经过验证的方法来保证其有效性和可靠性。在分析成功的教学实践的基础上,提出了促进媒介素养发展的有利条件。对获得的数据进行了解释和分析。为了计算统计数据的可靠性和结果的准确性,采用了Ryulon、Spearman-Brown和Kronbach公式。结果。通过科学文献的理论分析,可以厘清媒介素养的概念,确定媒介素养形成的主要教育机制和条件。媒介素养的拟议定义使其有可能被指定为未来教师的专业能力之一。形成性实验包括对教学内容的修改,为学生媒介素养的形成创造有效的、相关的教育条件。报告指出,媒介素养形成的指标是在课外活动的跨学科教育活动框架内观察到的。学生社团和活动让学生将媒体素养技能付诸实践。在学生社团的框架内,学生对批判性地感知信息的能力的重要性、验证的需要、与各种信息来源合作的能力的重要性的认识发生了变化。结论。在教育过程框架内实施的条件保证了师范大学生媒介素养的成功形成。
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引用次数: 1
Main trends and priorities in Russian and international studies on cognitive and non-cognitive predictors of academic success 学业成功的认知和非认知预测因素在俄罗斯和国际研究中的主要趋势和重点
Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.15293/2658-6762.2206.01
N. Fedina, R. A. Dormidontov, V. K. Eliseev
Introduction. The article addresses the problem of predicting students’ academic success. The purpose of the article is to identify the main trends and priorities in Russian and international research on cognitive and non-cognitive predictors of academic success. Materials and Methods. As a methodological basis for the scientific analysis, systemic and action-oriented approaches are used, which make it possible to consider various concepts of this problem in the light of social changes in the development of society and educational systems. The research methods used in this study include analysis of scholarly literature, comparison, clarification, synthesis of outcomes and generalization. Results. The authors summarize and present trends and priorities in examining a group of predictors underlying academic success in Russian and international psychological and educational research over the past decade. The main research results consist in identifying the vector of the shift in emphasis in the studies of Russian and foreign scientists towards the priority of investigating non-cognitive predictors of the academic success of students. It has been revealed that over the past decade, non-cognitive predictors of influence at different levels have increasingly become the topic of studies by Russian and international researchers: social (level of social adjustment of students), socio-economic (socio-economic status of the family, socio-economic composition of the school), socio-psychological (school climate), personal (attitudes and positions of parents and teachers), etc. Conclusions. The level of development of society and the educational system inevitably adjusts the influence of factors (predictors) that determine the academic success of students. It has been revealed that currently the main trend and priority direction of Russian and international psychological and educational research are non-cognitive predictors: personal predictors and predictors of social influence at the macro and micro levels.
介绍。这篇文章讨论了预测学生学业成就的问题。本文的目的是确定俄罗斯和国际上关于学术成功的认知和非认知预测因素研究的主要趋势和重点。材料与方法。作为科学分析的方法论基础,采用了系统的和面向行动的方法,使人们能够根据社会和教育制度发展中的社会变化来考虑这一问题的各种概念。本研究采用的研究方法包括学术文献分析、比较、澄清、结果综合和概括。结果。作者总结并介绍了过去十年来俄罗斯和国际心理和教育研究中一组潜在的学术成功预测因素的趋势和优先事项。主要的研究成果包括确定俄罗斯和外国科学家的研究重点转向研究学生学业成功的非认知预测因素的向量。据透露,在过去十年中,不同层次的影响的非认知预测因素日益成为俄罗斯和国际研究人员的研究主题:社会(学生的社会适应水平)、社会经济(家庭的社会经济地位、学校的社会经济构成)、社会心理(学校气氛)、个人(家长和教师的态度和立场)等。结论。社会和教育制度的发展水平不可避免地调整了决定学生学业成功的因素(预测因素)的影响。据透露,目前俄罗斯和国际心理和教育研究的主要趋势和优先方向是非认知预测因素:个人预测因素和宏观和微观社会影响预测因素。
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引用次数: 2
Training, professional development and competence assessment of vocational and professional education teachers: An international review 职业教育教师的培养、专业发展与能力评估:国际综述
Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.15293/2658-6762.2206.06
A. Konovalov, A. I. Satdykov, Ekaterina Yurievna Esenina
Introduction. Training, professional development and evaluation of professional competence of vocational education teachers is considered to be the basis of providing any national economy with qualified workers and specialists. It has been increasingly recognized that more attention needs to be paid to this area. The vocational training systems are currently undergoing significant changes worldwide and require new strategies for administrative decisions. The purpose of this article is to analyze and systematize the international experience of training, professional development and competence assessment of vocational education teachers with a focus on Germany, Finland, and China in order to take it into account in modern Russian education. Materials and Methods. The theoretical and methodological basis of the research includes theories of vocational training and vocational teacher education, theories focusing on the content of vocational and teacher education and professional development of teaching staff. The authors used the following research methods: reviewing and comparative analysis of scholarly literature, reports of state institutions, regulations, and websites of educational settings in Germany, Finland and China. Results. The authors have identified trends in the convergence of qualifications and positions of teachers of professional disciplines and industrial instructors. Significant differences in the qualifications and skills of teachers and instructors in the workplace have been identified. Among the forms of professional development for vocational teachers, the authors have highlighted in-service training and activities focused in teaching methods and curriculum development. It is emphasized that the development of teachers' competence is gradual and level-based, the set of skills being determined by vocational education positions, duties and responsibilities In the countries analyzed, internships and professional self-assessment play a particularly important role in the professional development of vocational school teachers. Conclusions. A comparative international analysis of training, professional development and competence assessment of vocational teachers has enabled the authors to determine the main vectors for updating the system of professional training and vocational teacher education in Russia.
介绍。职业教育教师的培训、专业发展和专业能力评价被认为是为国民经济提供合格工人和专业人员的基础。人们日益认识到需要对这一领域给予更多的注意。职业培训制度目前在世界范围内正在发生重大变化,需要新的行政决策战略。本文以德国、芬兰和中国为研究对象,对职业教育教师的培养、专业发展和能力评价等方面的国际经验进行分析和梳理,以期在俄罗斯现代教育中有所借鉴。材料与方法。本研究的理论和方法基础包括职业培训与职业教师教育理论、以职业与教师教育内容为核心的理论和教师专业发展理论。作者采用了以下研究方法:对德国、芬兰和中国的学术文献、国家机构报告、法规和教育机构网站进行综述和比较分析。结果。作者已经确定了专业学科教师和工业讲师的资格和职位趋同的趋势。教师和讲师在工作场所的资格和技能方面存在显著差异。在职业教师专业发展的形式中,作者强调了在教学方法和课程开发方面的在职培训和活动。强调教师能力的发展是渐进的、分层的,技能的形成是由职业教育岗位、职责和责任决定的。在所分析的国家中,实习和专业自我评估在职业学校教师的专业发展中起着特别重要的作用。结论。通过对职业教师培训、专业发展和能力评估的国际比较分析,作者确定了俄罗斯职业教师培训和职业教师教育体系更新的主要载体。
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引用次数: 0
Influence of educational models on the formation of research competence in future government and public administration workers 教育模式对未来政府和公共行政工作者科研能力形成的影响
Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.15293/2658-6762.2206.07
N. Gorbacheva, Nataliya Gennadevna Filatova
Introduction. The article examines the problem of improving the quality of Economics and Management education in the Russian Federation and contributes to the ongoing discussions on methodological issues of modern economics. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the impact of educational models on the development of research competence in future government and public administration workers. Materials and Methods. The study involves theoretical analysis and reviewing scholarly literature on the problems of the methodology of economic research, as well as studying the experience of implementing practice-oriented models of educational design at the Siberian Institute of Management, a branch of Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, with the focus on 38.03.04 Government and municipal administration undergraduate program. Results. The authors have substantiated the influence of educational models on the development of research competence of future government and public administration workers. The authors have classified methodological approaches to economic studies and revealed the peculiarities of implementing five types of educational design for teaching economic disciplines. Depending on the conceptual foundations, educational models are distinguished according to: the clarification of educational goals, the level of formalization of learning outcomes, and requirements for assessment tools used. The use of educational design models contributes to development of research skills in different ways: some of them are aimed at developing the set of research competencies; the others can be used in order to develop only certain types of skills. Conclusions. The application of educational models involves the integration of scientific achievements into the educational process and contributes to the development of the research competence in future government and public administration workers. Research competence is determined by the maturity of metric, political economy, and narrative economic analysis skills and depends on the educational model employed. The systematization of educational models proposed by the authors makes it possible to identify criteria for choosing an effective model depending on the educational goal.
介绍。本文探讨了提高俄罗斯联邦经济和管理教育质量的问题,并对正在进行的关于现代经济学方法论问题的讨论作出了贡献。本文的目的是为了证实教育模式对未来政府和公共行政工作者研究能力发展的影响。材料与方法。本研究以38.03.04政府与市政管理本科专业为研究对象,对经济研究方法论问题进行理论分析和学术文献回顾,并研究俄罗斯国立国民经济与公共管理总统学院下属的西伯利亚管理学院实施以实践为导向的教育设计模式的经验。结果。实证研究了教育模式对未来政府和公共行政工作者研究能力发展的影响。作者对经济学研究的方法论方法进行了分类,并揭示了在经济学学科教学中实施五种教育设计的特点。根据概念基础的不同,教育模式的区别在于:教育目标的明确程度、学习成果的形式化程度以及对所使用的评估工具的要求。使用教育设计模型有助于以不同的方式发展研究技能:其中一些旨在发展一套研究能力;其他的可以用来发展某些类型的技能。结论。教育模式的应用涉及将科学成果融入教育过程,有助于未来政府和公共行政工作者研究能力的培养。研究能力取决于度量学、政治经济学和叙事经济分析技能的成熟度,并取决于所采用的教育模式。作者提出的教育模式的系统化使得根据教育目标确定选择有效模式的标准成为可能。
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引用次数: 0
Socio-psychological adaptation of students from indigenous minorities of the North, Siberia and the Far East to college in a new sociocultural environment: A theoretical model 新社会文化环境下北西伯利亚和远东地区少数民族学生的大学社会心理适应:一个理论模型
Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.15293/2658-6762.2206.04
A. Miklyaeva, J. Pezhemskaya, V. Khoroshikh, I. A. Baeva
Introduction. The study examines the psychological, academic, social and cultural adaptation of indigenous students to a vocational school environment with a focus on representatives of indigenous peoples from the North, Siberia and the Far East. The purpose of the research is to model the processes of students’ socio-psychological adaptation to vocational college in a new socio-cultural environment. Materials and Methods. The systematic scholarly literature review was conducted in 2022 using the following search engines and electronic bibliographic databases: Google Scholar, Scopus, RSCI, and ERIC. The analysis included Russian and English language articles published between 2000 and 2022 reporting the results of the original empirical research on the problem of student adjustment to college in a changing socio-cultural environment. Of the 975 articles selected for systematic analysis, 68 sources met the search criteria. Results. A systematic literature review enabled us to identify two groups of social psychological resources for student adaptation to college in the new sociocultural environment: individual resources (individual psychological and academic) and environmental resources (including educational environment within the college and system of interpersonal relations). Based on the results of the systematic review, a theoretical model of the socio-psychological adjustment of the students (representatives of indigenous minorities of the North, Siberia and the Far East) to the vocational education institution in the new socio-cultural environment, which describes the procedural and structural elements of the adjustment process, as well as the interplay of personal, meso- and macro-environmental adaptation resources is proposed. Conclusions. The theoretical adaptation model of Students from Indigenous Minorities of the North, Siberia students, created on the basis of a systematic analysis of the literature, makes it possible to develop on its basis the technology for assessing the adaptation resources of the students of the CIS and DV and the measures of psychological, educational and social support for students belonging to the risk group, to the development of programs to prevent academic mismatch and student dropout. The prospects of the study include empirical verification of the proposed model.
介绍。这项研究考察了土著学生对职业学校环境的心理、学术、社会和文化适应情况,重点是来自北方、西伯利亚和远东的土著人民的代表。本研究的目的是模拟学生在新的社会文化环境下对高职院校的社会心理适应过程。材料与方法。系统的学术文献综述于2022年通过以下搜索引擎和电子书目数据库进行:谷歌Scholar、Scopus、RSCI和ERIC。该分析包括2000年至2022年间发表的俄语和英语文章,这些文章报告了在不断变化的社会文化环境中学生适应大学问题的原始实证研究结果。在入选系统分析的975篇文章中,有68篇符合检索标准。结果。通过系统的文献回顾,我们发现在新的社会文化环境下,学生适应大学的社会心理资源有两组:个体资源(个体心理和学业)和环境资源(包括学院内的教育环境和人际关系系统)。在系统回顾的基础上,提出了一个新的社会文化环境下职业教育机构学生(北方、西伯利亚和远东土著少数民族代表)社会心理适应的理论模型,该模型描述了适应过程的程序和结构要素,以及个人、中观和宏观环境适应资源的相互作用。结论。在系统分析文献的基础上,建立了西伯利亚北部土著少数民族学生的理论适应模型,在此基础上,开发了独联体和家庭家庭学生适应资源评估技术,以及对风险群体学生的心理、教育和社会支持措施,以制定预防学业不匹配和学生辍学的方案。研究的前景包括对所提出模型的实证验证。
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引用次数: 1
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Science for Education Today
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