Pub Date : 2003-06-26DOI: 10.1017/S0968046203000068
D. Hawkey
The dental remains of nine individuals from Gough's Cave (Cheddar, Somerset) date from Late Pleistocene to the Holocene. Descriptions are provided for all individuals for crown and root morphology, odontometric data, dental pathology (caries, abscess, periodontal disease, enamel hypoplasia), calculus deposition, enamel pressure chipping, occlusal attrition, and evidence of intentional/occupational modification. The analytical focus is on seven individuals who date from the Late Upper Paleolithic/Mesolithic (Creswellian) culture periods. Comparative data from nine world populations suggest five trends: 1) Gough's Cave individuals have a morphologically simplified dental pattern similar to other Late Pleistocene/Early Holocene populations of North Europe, South/Southwest Asia and North Africa. 2) Within Europe, Gough's Cave is consistent in post-Pleistocene trend towards reduction in tooth size. 3) There is a temporal trend in the British Isles towards lateral incisor reduction, while maintaining stable molar tooth size. 4) Pathology, wear, and enamel pressure chipping are consistent with a hunter/gatherer lifeway, with one individual who may have occupationally related microtrauma. 5) No evidence occurs of any cleaning striations (‘toothpick groves’) as has been suggested for Neanderthals.
{"title":"Human Dental Remains from Gough's Cave (Somerset, England)","authors":"D. Hawkey","doi":"10.1017/S0968046203000068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0968046203000068","url":null,"abstract":"The dental remains of nine individuals from Gough's Cave (Cheddar, Somerset) date from Late Pleistocene to the Holocene. Descriptions are provided for all individuals for crown and root morphology, odontometric data, dental pathology (caries, abscess, periodontal disease, enamel hypoplasia), calculus deposition, enamel pressure chipping, occlusal attrition, and evidence of intentional/occupational modification. The analytical focus is on seven individuals who date from the Late Upper Paleolithic/Mesolithic (Creswellian) culture periods. Comparative data from nine world populations suggest five trends: 1) Gough's Cave individuals have a morphologically simplified dental pattern similar to other Late Pleistocene/Early Holocene populations of North Europe, South/Southwest Asia and North Africa. 2) Within Europe, Gough's Cave is consistent in post-Pleistocene trend towards reduction in tooth size. 3) There is a temporal trend in the British Isles towards lateral incisor reduction, while maintaining stable molar tooth size. 4) Pathology, wear, and enamel pressure chipping are consistent with a hunter/gatherer lifeway, with one individual who may have occupationally related microtrauma. 5) No evidence occurs of any cleaning striations (‘toothpick groves’) as has been suggested for Neanderthals.","PeriodicalId":219643,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of The Natural History Museum. Geology Series","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131836395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-06-26DOI: 10.1017/S0968046203000093
R. Macphail, P. Goldberg
Eleven thin sections of Late-glacial and early Holocene sediments from Gough's Cave were investigated by soil micromorphology in order to complement analyses of contemporary faunal and human remains. Despite the paucity of continuous vertical and lateral stratigraphic sequences, which were the result of cave exploitation during the first half of the twentieth century, we were able to elucidate site formation processes relating to both Late-Glacial environmental conditions and the burial environment affecting human remains.
{"title":"Gough's Cave, Cheddar, Somerset: Microstratigraphy of the Late Pleistocene/earliest Holocene sediments","authors":"R. Macphail, P. Goldberg","doi":"10.1017/S0968046203000093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0968046203000093","url":null,"abstract":"Eleven thin sections of Late-glacial and early Holocene sediments from Gough's Cave were investigated by soil micromorphology in order to complement analyses of contemporary faunal and human remains. Despite the paucity of continuous vertical and lateral stratigraphic sequences, which were the result of cave exploitation during the first half of the twentieth century, we were able to elucidate site formation processes relating to both Late-Glacial environmental conditions and the burial environment affecting human remains.","PeriodicalId":219643,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of The Natural History Museum. Geology Series","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130631297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-06-26DOI: 10.1017/S0968046203000056
E. Trinkaus
The lower limb remains of Gough's Cave 1 retain most of the pelvis, both femora, one complete tibia and portions of the other, sections of both fibulae, two tarsals and three metatarsals. They are those of a largely average European Mesolithic young adult male. Overall diaphyseal robusticity is generally similar to that of other Mesolithic specimens, even though the fibula and third metatarsal appear gracile. Musculo-ligamentous attachment areas are generally weakly marked. The proximal femora and the femoral diaphyses exhibit a clear asymmetry, especially in their neck-shaft angles and diaphyseal dimensions, which is is accompanied in the pelvis by a greater degree of left iliac lateral flare. These aspects are associated with a pelvis that combines several distinctly male characteristics with an overall pelvic aperture shape which is female.
{"title":"Gough's Cave 1 (Somerset, England): a study of the pelvis and lower limbs","authors":"E. Trinkaus","doi":"10.1017/S0968046203000056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0968046203000056","url":null,"abstract":"The lower limb remains of Gough's Cave 1 retain most of the pelvis, both femora, one complete tibia and portions of the other, sections of both fibulae, two tarsals and three metatarsals. They are those of a largely average European Mesolithic young adult male. Overall diaphyseal robusticity is generally similar to that of other Mesolithic specimens, even though the fibula and third metatarsal appear gracile. Musculo-ligamentous attachment areas are generally weakly marked. The proximal femora and the femoral diaphyses exhibit a clear asymmetry, especially in their neck-shaft angles and diaphyseal dimensions, which is is accompanied in the pelvis by a greater degree of left iliac lateral flare. These aspects are associated with a pelvis that combines several distinctly male characteristics with an overall pelvic aperture shape which is female.","PeriodicalId":219643,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of The Natural History Museum. Geology Series","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125791999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-06-26DOI: 10.1017/S0968046203000081
E. Trinkaus, L. Humphrey, C. Stringer, S. Churchill, R. Tague
The overall impression of the sexually dimorphic characteristics of Gough's Cave 1 is that the remains are those of a male. However, the specimen does present some ‘female’ features in the facial skeleton, the ischiopubic rami and pelvic apertures, combined with relatively small overall size, and an ambiguous greater sciatic notch morphology. Nevertheless, the various features employed for sexual diagnosis of Gough's Cave are predominantly those which indicate or strongly suggest that it is male, but this must be accompanied with the caveat that either this individual falls at the feminine end of the male range of variation or that the patterns of skeletal sexual dimorphism of the population from which it derived were modestly different from those of the mostly European and European-derived reference samples used for this assessment. In contrast to the ambiguities of sex determination for Gough's Cave 1, the various indicators of his age-at-death are highly consistent. All of them agree in placing Gough's Cave 1 between his late second decade and middle third decade. He was unlikely to have been younger than about 18 years, and most likely was not older than about 23 years at death.
{"title":"Gough's Cave 1 (Somerset, England): an Assessment of the Sex and Age at Death","authors":"E. Trinkaus, L. Humphrey, C. Stringer, S. Churchill, R. Tague","doi":"10.1017/S0968046203000081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0968046203000081","url":null,"abstract":"The overall impression of the sexually dimorphic characteristics of Gough's Cave 1 is that the remains are those of a male. However, the specimen does present some ‘female’ features in the facial skeleton, the ischiopubic rami and pelvic apertures, combined with relatively small overall size, and an ambiguous greater sciatic notch morphology. Nevertheless, the various features employed for sexual diagnosis of Gough's Cave are predominantly those which indicate or strongly suggest that it is male, but this must be accompanied with the caveat that either this individual falls at the feminine end of the male range of variation or that the patterns of skeletal sexual dimorphism of the population from which it derived were modestly different from those of the mostly European and European-derived reference samples used for this assessment. In contrast to the ambiguities of sex determination for Gough's Cave 1, the various indicators of his age-at-death are highly consistent. All of them agree in placing Gough's Cave 1 between his late second decade and middle third decade. He was unlikely to have been younger than about 18 years, and most likely was not older than about 23 years at death.","PeriodicalId":219643,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of The Natural History Museum. Geology Series","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130208106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-06-26DOI: 10.1017/S096804620300010X
P. Andrews, Y. Fernández-Jalvo
Summary of taphonomic modifications seen on the fossil bones from Gough’s Cave. Modifications are shown for each major postcran ial element,which are listed in column 1. The total number of specimens ( N ) for each element is in column 2, and in column 3 the distribution of modifications byhuman action is shown for four taxonomic categories: human ( h ), equid ( e ), cervid ( c ) and indeterminate large mammal ( m ). The same distribution isshown for six types of modifications in the remainder of the table as explained in the text. Skeletal elements Anatomical elements of humans and other large mammals (horsesand deer) recorded at the site suggest some differences betweenelement representation. In general terms, human skeletons are betterrepresented than are those of any of the other large mammals.Human skeletons show a relatively high abundance of cranial re-mains, ribs, scapulae, and arms (Table 1). In contrast, vertebrae arenotable for their near absence, despite the abundance of ribs thatwere found in association (although not articulation) at the site.There is also a peculiar absence of pelves, carpo-tarsal bones andphalanges which are relatively abundant among horses or deer.Similarly, cranial elements, especially mandibles, are also abundantfor both horses and deer, but while metapodials and phalanges areabundant, most limb bones are poorly represented. Horses have anextraordinarily high abundance of phalanges, which are not gener-ally common in human occupation sites. Skeletal element proportionsare summarized in Table 2.
{"title":"Cannibalism in Britain: Taphonomy of the Creswellian (Pleistocene) faunal and human remains from Gough's Cave (Somerset, England)","authors":"P. Andrews, Y. Fernández-Jalvo","doi":"10.1017/S096804620300010X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S096804620300010X","url":null,"abstract":"Summary of taphonomic modifications seen on the fossil bones from Gough’s Cave. Modifications are shown for each major postcran ial element,which are listed in column 1. The total number of specimens ( N ) for each element is in column 2, and in column 3 the distribution of modifications byhuman action is shown for four taxonomic categories: human ( h ), equid ( e ), cervid ( c ) and indeterminate large mammal ( m ). The same distribution isshown for six types of modifications in the remainder of the table as explained in the text. Skeletal elements Anatomical elements of humans and other large mammals (horsesand deer) recorded at the site suggest some differences betweenelement representation. In general terms, human skeletons are betterrepresented than are those of any of the other large mammals.Human skeletons show a relatively high abundance of cranial re-mains, ribs, scapulae, and arms (Table 1). In contrast, vertebrae arenotable for their near absence, despite the abundance of ribs thatwere found in association (although not articulation) at the site.There is also a peculiar absence of pelves, carpo-tarsal bones andphalanges which are relatively abundant among horses or deer.Similarly, cranial elements, especially mandibles, are also abundantfor both horses and deer, but while metapodials and phalanges areabundant, most limb bones are poorly represented. Horses have anextraordinarily high abundance of phalanges, which are not gener-ally common in human occupation sites. Skeletal element proportionsare summarized in Table 2.","PeriodicalId":219643,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of The Natural History Museum. Geology Series","volume":"16 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120919640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2003-06-26DOI: 10.1017/S096804620300007X
T. Holliday, S. Churchill
Stature, body mass, and body proportions are evaluated for the Cheddar Man (Gough's Cave 1) skeleton. Like many of his Mesolithic contemporaries, Gough's Cave 1 evinces relatively short estimated stature (ca. 166.2 cm [5′ 5′]) and low body mass (ca. 66 kg [146 lbs]). In body shape, he is similar to recent Europeans for most proportional indices. He differs, however, from most recent Europeans in his high crural index and tibial length/trunk height indices. Thus, while Gough's Cave 1 is characterized by a total morphological pattern considered ‘cold-adapted’, these latter two traits may be interpreted as evidence of a large African role in the origins of anatomically modern Europeans.
{"title":"Gough's Cave 1 (Somerset, England): an assessment of body size and shape","authors":"T. Holliday, S. Churchill","doi":"10.1017/S096804620300007X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S096804620300007X","url":null,"abstract":"Stature, body mass, and body proportions are evaluated for the Cheddar Man (Gough's Cave 1) skeleton. Like many of his Mesolithic contemporaries, Gough's Cave 1 evinces relatively short estimated stature (ca. 166.2 cm [5′ 5′]) and low body mass (ca. 66 kg [146 lbs]). In body shape, he is similar to recent Europeans for most proportional indices. He differs, however, from most recent Europeans in his high crural index and tibial length/trunk height indices. Thus, while Gough's Cave 1 is characterized by a total morphological pattern considered ‘cold-adapted’, these latter two traits may be interpreted as evidence of a large African role in the origins of anatomically modern Europeans.","PeriodicalId":219643,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of The Natural History Museum. Geology Series","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126268173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-11-28DOI: 10.1017/S0968046202000037
Leslie Bairstow, M. K. Howarth
Introduction 82 Leslie Bairstow 82 Biography 82 Bairstow's unpublished work 84 Geological maps 84 Geological structure of Robin Hood's Bay 93 Stratigraphical succession 93 Bed numbers 95 Detailed succession in Robin Hood's Bay 96 Lithostratigraphy 111 Staithes Sandstone Formation 111 Redcar Mudstone Formation 111 Exposures in Robin Hood's Bay now 114 Correlation with previous descriptions 114 Bairstow's ammonite collection 115 Systematic description of the ammonites and nautiloids 118 Family Juraphyllitidae 118 Family Lytoceratidae 118 Family Psiloceratidae 119 Family Schlotheimidae 119 Family Arietitidae 119 Subfamily Arietitinae 119 Subfamily Agassiceratinae 123 Subfamily Asteroceratinae 123 Family Echioceratidae 125 Family Oxynoticeratidae 129 Family Cymbitidae 132 Family Eoderoceratidae 132 Family Coeloceratidae 136 Family Phricodoceratidae 137 Family Polymorphitidae 137 Family Liparoceratidae 141 Family Nautilidae 144 Biostratigraphy 144 Acknowledgements 150 References 150 Rocks of Lower Liassic (Sinemurian and Lower Pliensbachian) age exposed in Robin Hood's Bay, near Whitby, north Yorkshire, are described from the mapping, stratigraphical descriptions and ammonite collections made by Mr Leslie Bairstow in the years 1927–1970, and preserved in the Palaeontology Department, The Natural History Museum, London. His large-scale map of the geology of the foreshore is published on five sheets at a scale of approximately 1:5000. The stratigraphical sequence from bed 418 at the base up to bed 600.5 at the top of the Lower Pliensbachian is 163.74 m thick, and consists of the Redcar Mudstone Formation, for which four members are formally defined – the Calcareous Shale (at the base), Siliceous Shale, Pyritous Shale and Ironstone Shale Members – overlain by the lower part of the Staithes Sandstone Formation. The lowest beds exposed by the lowest spring tides are Sauzeanum Subzone, Semicostatum Zone, in age; ammonites occur in all subzones, and the only uncertain boundary is that between the Masseanum and Valdani Subzones (Ibex Zone), where there are few characteristic ammonites. Bairstow's ammonite collection consists of more than 2360 specimens, all from recorded horizons, and is notably rich in Promicroceras , Asteroceras , Eparietites and Oxynoticeras from the Obtusum and Oxynotum Zones, Echioceratids, Eoderoceras and Apoderoceras from the Oxynotum, Raricostatum and Jamesoni Zones, and Liparoceratids from the Davoei Zone, making it a primary source for Sinemurian and Lower Pliensbachian ammonite biostratigraphy. The recently proposed selection of Wine Haven at the south-eastern end of the bay as the Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the base of the Pliensbachian Stage (ie. the world standard definition), is supported by the sequence of ammonites across the Sinemurian/Pliensbachian boundary. All previously figured ammonites from Robin Hood's Bay are listed in a systematic section that includes the evidence on which the ammonite identific
简介Leslie Bairstow传记Bairstow未发表的作品地质图罗宾汉湾地质构造地层演替层数罗宾汉湾详细演替岩石地层111 Staithes砂岩组111 Redcar泥岩组111罗宾汉湾现在的暴露114与先前描述的对比114 Bairstow的鹦鹉螺标本115鹦鹉螺和鹦鹉螺类的系统描述118科juraphyllldae 118 Family Lytoceratidae 118 Family psilocatidae 119 Family Schlotheimidae 119 Family artitiae亚Family agasserae亚Family asterocatiae 123 Family echieratidae 125 Family oxyeratidae 129 Family cybomtidae 132 Family ederocatidae 132 Family cococeratidae 137 Family Polymorphitidae 137 Family liparocatidae 141 Family nautidae 144生物地层学144在北约克郡惠特比附近的罗宾汉湾暴露的下第三纪(Sinemurian和下Pliensbachian)时代的岩石，是根据Leslie Bairstow先生在1927-1970年间所做的制图、地层描述和菊石收集来描述的，保存在伦敦自然历史博物馆古生物学部门。他的前海岸大比例尺地质地图以五张纸出版，比例尺约为1:50 000。地层层序从底部418层至下普里恩巴氏统顶部600.5层厚163.74 m，由红卡泥岩组组成，其中正式划分为钙质页岩(底部)、硅质页岩、黄铁矿页岩和铁质页岩4段，上覆斯泰尔斯砂岩组下部。最低大潮暴露的最低层在年龄上为半静带(Sauzeanum)亚带;所有亚带都有菊石，唯一不确定的边界是Masseanum亚带与Valdani亚带(Ibex带)之间的边界，该亚带的特征菊石很少。Bairstow的菊石标本超过2360个，全部来自有记录的层位，尤其丰富的是来自Obtusum和Oxynotum带的Promicroceras、Asteroceras、Eparietites和oxynoeras，来自Oxynotum、Raricostatum和Jamesoni带的Echioceratids、Eoderoceras和Apoderoceras，以及来自daveei带的Liparoceratids，使其成为Sinemurian和Lower Pliensbachian菊石生物地层学的主要来源。最近提议选择位于海湾东南端的葡萄酒港作为Pliensbachian阶段(即:GSSP)基地的全球平流层剖面和点。(世界标准定义)，由横跨Sinemurian/Pliensbachian边界的菊石序列支持。罗宾汉湾所有以前发现的菊石都被系统地列在一个章节中，其中包括论文中菊石鉴定所依据的证据，并列出了56种保存最完好的菊石。Eparietites bairstowi sp. 11 .被认为是Eparietites的一个早期种，而在海湾的Raricostatum带的Aplanatum亚带的Sowerby Collection菊石被指定为ederoceras armatum (J. Sowerby)的新类型。
{"title":"The Lower Lias of Robin Hood's Bay, Yorkshire, and the work of Leslie Bairstow","authors":"Leslie Bairstow, M. K. Howarth","doi":"10.1017/S0968046202000037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0968046202000037","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction 82 Leslie Bairstow 82 Biography 82 Bairstow's unpublished work 84 Geological maps 84 Geological structure of Robin Hood's Bay 93 Stratigraphical succession 93 Bed numbers 95 Detailed succession in Robin Hood's Bay 96 Lithostratigraphy 111 Staithes Sandstone Formation 111 Redcar Mudstone Formation 111 Exposures in Robin Hood's Bay now 114 Correlation with previous descriptions 114 Bairstow's ammonite collection 115 Systematic description of the ammonites and nautiloids 118 Family Juraphyllitidae 118 Family Lytoceratidae 118 Family Psiloceratidae 119 Family Schlotheimidae 119 Family Arietitidae 119 Subfamily Arietitinae 119 Subfamily Agassiceratinae 123 Subfamily Asteroceratinae 123 Family Echioceratidae 125 Family Oxynoticeratidae 129 Family Cymbitidae 132 Family Eoderoceratidae 132 Family Coeloceratidae 136 Family Phricodoceratidae 137 Family Polymorphitidae 137 Family Liparoceratidae 141 Family Nautilidae 144 Biostratigraphy 144 Acknowledgements 150 References 150 Rocks of Lower Liassic (Sinemurian and Lower Pliensbachian) age exposed in Robin Hood's Bay, near Whitby, north Yorkshire, are described from the mapping, stratigraphical descriptions and ammonite collections made by Mr Leslie Bairstow in the years 1927–1970, and preserved in the Palaeontology Department, The Natural History Museum, London. His large-scale map of the geology of the foreshore is published on five sheets at a scale of approximately 1:5000. The stratigraphical sequence from bed 418 at the base up to bed 600.5 at the top of the Lower Pliensbachian is 163.74 m thick, and consists of the Redcar Mudstone Formation, for which four members are formally defined – the Calcareous Shale (at the base), Siliceous Shale, Pyritous Shale and Ironstone Shale Members – overlain by the lower part of the Staithes Sandstone Formation. The lowest beds exposed by the lowest spring tides are Sauzeanum Subzone, Semicostatum Zone, in age; ammonites occur in all subzones, and the only uncertain boundary is that between the Masseanum and Valdani Subzones (Ibex Zone), where there are few characteristic ammonites. Bairstow's ammonite collection consists of more than 2360 specimens, all from recorded horizons, and is notably rich in Promicroceras , Asteroceras , Eparietites and Oxynoticeras from the Obtusum and Oxynotum Zones, Echioceratids, Eoderoceras and Apoderoceras from the Oxynotum, Raricostatum and Jamesoni Zones, and Liparoceratids from the Davoei Zone, making it a primary source for Sinemurian and Lower Pliensbachian ammonite biostratigraphy. The recently proposed selection of Wine Haven at the south-eastern end of the bay as the Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) for the base of the Pliensbachian Stage (ie. the world standard definition), is supported by the sequence of ammonites across the Sinemurian/Pliensbachian boundary. All previously figured ammonites from Robin Hood's Bay are listed in a systematic section that includes the evidence on which the ammonite identific","PeriodicalId":219643,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of The Natural History Museum. Geology Series","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126552087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-11-28DOI: 10.1017/S0968046202000049
L. Humphrey, C. Stringer
This study describes human cranial and mandibular remains from Gough's Cave. Age assessments for individual elements are made on the basis of modern dental development standards, dental wear and comparison with a recent skeletal sample of known-age individuals. Although the number of mature adults may have been underestimated, a minimum of nine individuals are represented – one child, one adolescent and one older adult are later Holocene in age, there is one young adult from the Mesolithic, and one child, two adolescents, one young/mid adult and one older adult are Creswellian in age. Metrical analysis of the most complete crania is undertaken using other European Mesolithic and Late Upper Palaeolithic crania for comparison. The metrical analysis indicates that both Gough's Cave 1 and GC87 (190) are male. The results of the principal components analysis support stratigraphic and dating evidence that the Gough's Cave 1 cranium is derived from a more recent population than GC87 (190).
{"title":"The human cranial remains from Gough's Cave (Somerset, England)","authors":"L. Humphrey, C. Stringer","doi":"10.1017/S0968046202000049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0968046202000049","url":null,"abstract":"This study describes human cranial and mandibular remains from Gough's Cave. Age assessments for individual elements are made on the basis of modern dental development standards, dental wear and comparison with a recent skeletal sample of known-age individuals. Although the number of mature adults may have been underestimated, a minimum of nine individuals are represented – one child, one adolescent and one older adult are later Holocene in age, there is one young adult from the Mesolithic, and one child, two adolescents, one young/mid adult and one older adult are Creswellian in age. Metrical analysis of the most complete crania is undertaken using other European Mesolithic and Late Upper Palaeolithic crania for comparison. The metrical analysis indicates that both Gough's Cave 1 and GC87 (190) are male. The results of the principal components analysis support stratigraphic and dating evidence that the Gough's Cave 1 cranium is derived from a more recent population than GC87 (190).","PeriodicalId":219643,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of The Natural History Museum. Geology Series","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121018226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2002-06-27DOI: 10.1017/S0968046202000013
S. Churchill, T. Holliday
The postcranial axial skeleton of Cheddar Man (Gough's Cave 1) is represented by seventeen presacral vertebrae, the sacrum, and nineteen ribs, all of which are relatively well-preserved. Cheddar Man derives from early Holocene deposits in Gough's Cave, and the remains of his axial postcranial skeleton are described here. Comparative evaluation of the Gough's Cave 1 remains reveals an axial skeleton that falls within the range of variation in size and shape of males of the same time period, albeit towards the small end of that range (reflecting relatively short stature in Cheddar Man).
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Pub Date : 2002-06-01DOI: 10.1017/S0968046202000025
L. Popov, L. Cocks, I. Nikitin
SYNOPSIS. The brachiopod fauna from the Anderken Formation (Lower to Middle Caradoc) of the Chu-Ili Range, south-eastern Kazakhstan, is revised and described systematically. It consists of 62 species in 55 genera, of which the genera Tesikella, Olgambonites and Zhilgyzambonites (all Plectambonitoidea) and Ilistrophina (Camarelloidea) are new, and the species Bellimurina (Bellimurina) sarytumensis, Teratelasmella chugaevae, F prisca, Acculina kulanketpesica, Dulankarella larga, Kajnaria rugosa, Anoptambonites convexus, Olgambonites insolita, Zhilgyzambonites extenuata, Gacella institata, Placotriplesia spissa, Grammoplecia wrighti, Dolerorthis pristina, Austinella sarybulakensis, Plectorthis? bur ultasica, Bowanorthis? devexa, Pionodema opima, Parastrophina iliana, Ilistrophina tesikensis, Liostrophia pravula, Plectosyntrophia unicostata, Rhynchotrema akchokense and Nikolaispira guttula are new. Six brachiopod-dominated assemblages are recognised and defined, termed the Ectenoglossa, Tesikella, Mabella–Sowerbyella, Acculina–Dulankarella, Parastrophina–Kellerella and Zhilgyzambonites–Foliomena Associations. The relationships with contemporary faunas are assessed, and the Anderken brachiopods appear to have much in common with those of north-west China.
{"title":"Upper Ordovician brachiopods from the Anderken Formation, Kazakhstan: their ecology and systematics","authors":"L. Popov, L. Cocks, I. Nikitin","doi":"10.1017/S0968046202000025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0968046202000025","url":null,"abstract":"SYNOPSIS. The brachiopod fauna from the Anderken Formation (Lower to Middle Caradoc) of the Chu-Ili Range, south-eastern Kazakhstan, is revised and described systematically. It consists of 62 species in 55 genera, of which the genera Tesikella, Olgambonites and Zhilgyzambonites (all Plectambonitoidea) and Ilistrophina (Camarelloidea) are new, and the species Bellimurina (Bellimurina) sarytumensis, Teratelasmella chugaevae, F prisca, Acculina kulanketpesica, Dulankarella larga, Kajnaria rugosa, Anoptambonites convexus, Olgambonites insolita, Zhilgyzambonites extenuata, Gacella institata, Placotriplesia spissa, Grammoplecia wrighti, Dolerorthis pristina, Austinella sarybulakensis, Plectorthis? bur ultasica, Bowanorthis? devexa, Pionodema opima, Parastrophina iliana, Ilistrophina tesikensis, Liostrophia pravula, Plectosyntrophia unicostata, Rhynchotrema akchokense and Nikolaispira guttula are new. Six brachiopod-dominated assemblages are recognised and defined, termed the Ectenoglossa, Tesikella, Mabella–Sowerbyella, Acculina–Dulankarella, Parastrophina–Kellerella and Zhilgyzambonites–Foliomena Associations. The relationships with contemporary faunas are assessed, and the Anderken brachiopods appear to have much in common with those of north-west China.","PeriodicalId":219643,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of The Natural History Museum. Geology Series","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129687099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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