Religion and spirituality (R/S) literature is limited in its study of acute pain experiences within diverse samples. The present study aimed to distinguish how self-reported spirituality and empathy influence generosity within the context of the acute pain experience within a diverse sample. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) tests via SPSS 26.0 assessed differences of pain task on generosity task performance among participants of generous and greedy task conditions. Results of ANCOVAs found no significant relationship between anticipation of acute pain and subsequent generosity or between acute pain scores and subsequent generosity, and therefore there were no moderators or covariates of those relationships. There was a significant relationship between initial generosity condition and subsequent generosity choice. Physiological cold pressor data were analyzed via an analysis of variance (ANOVA) as a manipulation check of acute pain, with skin temperature and skin conductance suggesting the manipulation was successful, though heart rate showed nonsignificant change. Posthoc moderation analysis was conducted via an ANCOVA model. Each potential moderator was dichotomized into low score and high score groups via median split. Empathy was found to be a moderator of the relationship between generosity intervention group and subsequent generosity, with those in the generous condition and high in empathy most likely to pay forward generosity. Spirituality was not a moderator of the relationship between generosity intervention group and subsequent generosity. This study demonstrated the unique contributions of R/S and empathy factors to the overall picture of pain and generosity in a diverse sample and provides directions for future research.
{"title":"The impact of religion, spirituality, and empathy factors on acute pain and prosocial behaviors in a diverse sample.","authors":"Caitlin Kienzler, A. Wachholtz","doi":"10.1037/scp0000283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/scp0000283","url":null,"abstract":"Religion and spirituality (R/S) literature is limited in its study of acute pain experiences within diverse samples. The present study aimed to distinguish how self-reported spirituality and empathy influence generosity within the context of the acute pain experience within a diverse sample. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) tests via SPSS 26.0 assessed differences of pain task on generosity task performance among participants of generous and greedy task conditions. Results of ANCOVAs found no significant relationship between anticipation of acute pain and subsequent generosity or between acute pain scores and subsequent generosity, and therefore there were no moderators or covariates of those relationships. There was a significant relationship between initial generosity condition and subsequent generosity choice. Physiological cold pressor data were analyzed via an analysis of variance (ANOVA) as a manipulation check of acute pain, with skin temperature and skin conductance suggesting the manipulation was successful, though heart rate showed nonsignificant change. Posthoc moderation analysis was conducted via an ANCOVA model. Each potential moderator was dichotomized into low score and high score groups via median split. Empathy was found to be a moderator of the relationship between generosity intervention group and subsequent generosity, with those in the generous condition and high in empathy most likely to pay forward generosity. Spirituality was not a moderator of the relationship between generosity intervention group and subsequent generosity. This study demonstrated the unique contributions of R/S and empathy factors to the overall picture of pain and generosity in a diverse sample and provides directions for future research.","PeriodicalId":22080,"journal":{"name":"Spirituality in Clinical Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48143222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Ken Pargament: A towering figure who leads from behind.","authors":"D. Rosmarin","doi":"10.1037/scp0000261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/scp0000261","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22080,"journal":{"name":"Spirituality in Clinical Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41919658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Transforming suffering through forgiveness: A religious coping approach.","authors":"Mark S. Rye","doi":"10.1037/scp0000281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/scp0000281","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22080,"journal":{"name":"Spirituality in Clinical Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47503703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Toward a well-integrated psychology of religion and spirituality: A tribute to Kenneth I. Pargament.","authors":"Meryl Reist Gibbel","doi":"10.1037/scp0000276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/scp0000276","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22080,"journal":{"name":"Spirituality in Clinical Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44040139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A qualitative study of sanctification: How nature becomes sacred for nontheistic environmental activists.","authors":"Paul J. Deal, G. Magyar-Russell","doi":"10.1037/scp0000285","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/scp0000285","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22080,"journal":{"name":"Spirituality in Clinical Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48143298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Five invaluable lessons I learned from Kenneth I. Pargament.","authors":"Hisham Abu-Raiya","doi":"10.1037/scp0000259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/scp0000259","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22080,"journal":{"name":"Spirituality in Clinical Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46217622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Psychological evaluations of clergy applicants in the Catholic Church: Answering frequently asked questions.","authors":"Anthony Isacco, David G. Songy, T. Plante","doi":"10.1037/scp0000294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/scp0000294","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22080,"journal":{"name":"Spirituality in Clinical Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41665922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Spiritual fatherhood of Catholic priests: Conceptualization and practical applications.","authors":"Anthony Isacco, David G. Songy","doi":"10.1037/scp0000293","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/scp0000293","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22080,"journal":{"name":"Spirituality in Clinical Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48304840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Psychotherapy alone is insufficient: Treating clergy sexual abuse and sacred moral injury.","authors":"L. Sperry","doi":"10.1037/scp0000291","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/scp0000291","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22080,"journal":{"name":"Spirituality in Clinical Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45647311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adam S. Hodge, J. Hook, Hansong Zhang, Aaron T. McLaughlin, J. Mostert, B. R. Hancock, Don E. Davis, D. V. Van Tongeren
{"title":"The effectiveness of faith-based organizations designed to support adoptive and foster care families: A systematic review of the literature.","authors":"Adam S. Hodge, J. Hook, Hansong Zhang, Aaron T. McLaughlin, J. Mostert, B. R. Hancock, Don E. Davis, D. V. Van Tongeren","doi":"10.1037/scp0000290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1037/scp0000290","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":22080,"journal":{"name":"Spirituality in Clinical Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42807453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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