Pub Date : 2019-05-06DOI: 10.30799/JESPR.161.19050105
Almaz Kemal, K. Siraj, Wondmagegn H. Michael
{"title":"Adsorption of Cu (II) and Cd (II) onto Activated Carbon Prepared from Pumpkin Seed Shell","authors":"Almaz Kemal, K. Siraj, Wondmagegn H. Michael","doi":"10.30799/JESPR.161.19050105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30799/JESPR.161.19050105","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":221492,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5,Issue 1, 2019","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121398427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-06DOI: 10.30799/JESPR.164.19050201
W. Azalekor, J. Afun, E. Osekre, E. Oyewo
Article history: Received 21 March 2019 Accepted 18 April 2019 Available online 06 May 2019 Direct and indirect contamination of humans and animals and the environment by pesticides discharged into the environment is a serious health risk resulting in chronic toxicity. The health and environmental impact of pesticide application in and around some cocoa storage facilities was studied by eliciting information from workers of COCOBOD, who work regularly in the storage facilities, and other people who live around the storage facilities, using questionnaires. Additionally, wall paint and soil samples were taken from the storage environment and the level of contamination determined. The results of the study showed that majority of the people who work in the cocoa storage environment have formal education up to secondary and tertiary levels, but most of the pesticide applicators ignore the usage of full complement of PPE, especially full-face mask. The pesticide applicators (QCC disinfestation staff) listed headache, sneezing, sweating, numbness of fingers, tiredness and runny nose after application of pesticide, as some of the toxicity symptoms noticed after application of the pesticides. Soil around QCC treatment facility and the wall paint of the facility were found to be contaminated with insecticides far above their MRLs in cocoa. It is instructive to indicate that Cypermethrin that was last used in the cocoa storage environment in 2015, three years before the test, was also detected in the soil and wall paint.
{"title":"Health and Environmental Impact of Pesticide Application In-and-Around Cocoa Storage Facilities in Ghana","authors":"W. Azalekor, J. Afun, E. Osekre, E. Oyewo","doi":"10.30799/JESPR.164.19050201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30799/JESPR.164.19050201","url":null,"abstract":"Article history: Received 21 March 2019 Accepted 18 April 2019 Available online 06 May 2019 Direct and indirect contamination of humans and animals and the environment by pesticides discharged into the environment is a serious health risk resulting in chronic toxicity. The health and environmental impact of pesticide application in and around some cocoa storage facilities was studied by eliciting information from workers of COCOBOD, who work regularly in the storage facilities, and other people who live around the storage facilities, using questionnaires. Additionally, wall paint and soil samples were taken from the storage environment and the level of contamination determined. The results of the study showed that majority of the people who work in the cocoa storage environment have formal education up to secondary and tertiary levels, but most of the pesticide applicators ignore the usage of full complement of PPE, especially full-face mask. The pesticide applicators (QCC disinfestation staff) listed headache, sneezing, sweating, numbness of fingers, tiredness and runny nose after application of pesticide, as some of the toxicity symptoms noticed after application of the pesticides. Soil around QCC treatment facility and the wall paint of the facility were found to be contaminated with insecticides far above their MRLs in cocoa. It is instructive to indicate that Cypermethrin that was last used in the cocoa storage environment in 2015, three years before the test, was also detected in the soil and wall paint.","PeriodicalId":221492,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5,Issue 1, 2019","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120897492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-06DOI: 10.30799/JESPR.165.19050202
I. Samomssa, Y. Nono, C. Tsamo, Mihaela Rodica Dinică, R. Kamga
{"title":"Influence of Physico-Chemical Parameters on Fuel Briquettes Properties Formulated with Mixture of Biomasses","authors":"I. Samomssa, Y. Nono, C. Tsamo, Mihaela Rodica Dinică, R. Kamga","doi":"10.30799/JESPR.165.19050202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30799/JESPR.165.19050202","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":221492,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5,Issue 1, 2019","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113997861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-03DOI: 10.30799/JESPR.163.19050104
S. T. E. Sheltawy, N. F. A. Salam, F. Barakat
Batch experiments were performed in order to evaluate the most effective conditions of reaction between aluminum foil waste and hydrochloric acid using a statistical model based on 23 full factorial design. The three factors investigated were aluminum foil waste particle size, aluminum foil to acid solution ratio, and acid solution concentration. The optimization of the factors to obtain maximum conversion was carried out by incorporating surface plots. A first order model was elaborated and indicated that the maximum observed conversion reaches 97.6% compared with 95.69% calculated conversion under the following conditions: solid to liquid ratio of 0.0127 g foil/g HCl solution, aluminum foil particle size of 10 mm and 2 M acid concentration. XRF showed that the obtained alumina has a purity of 90.13% by weight.
{"title":"Acidic Reaction of Waste Aluminum Foil for Alumina Production","authors":"S. T. E. Sheltawy, N. F. A. Salam, F. Barakat","doi":"10.30799/JESPR.163.19050104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30799/JESPR.163.19050104","url":null,"abstract":"Batch experiments were performed in order to evaluate the most effective conditions of reaction between aluminum foil waste and hydrochloric acid using a statistical model based on 23 full factorial design. The three factors investigated were aluminum foil waste particle size, aluminum foil to acid solution ratio, and acid solution concentration. The optimization of the factors to obtain maximum conversion was carried out by incorporating surface plots. A first order model was elaborated and indicated that the maximum observed conversion reaches 97.6% compared with 95.69% calculated conversion under the following conditions: solid to liquid ratio of 0.0127 g foil/g HCl solution, aluminum foil particle size of 10 mm and 2 M acid concentration. XRF showed that the obtained alumina has a purity of 90.13% by weight.","PeriodicalId":221492,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5,Issue 1, 2019","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123699064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Article history: Received 26 December 2018 Accepted 19 January 2019 Available online 11 February 2019 Knowledge on solar radiation incident on horizontal or inclined surfaces is required for any solar energy application. This knowledge is useful for designing and performance evaluation of both solar thermal and photovoltaic systems. This study seeks to provide reliable information on the availability of solar energy resource in Madurai and to assess the potential of solar water heating and photovoltaic systems in the four zones of Madurai city. In this connection, solar radiation was continuously monitored at the four zones for a period of one year. From the study it is found that Madurai receives global solar radiation in the range of 3.37 – 6.25 kW/m2. The analysis showed that global solar radiation is available in surplus throughout the year in all four zones of the city and that the city is ideally suited for harvesting solar energy. The potential of solar water heating in the domestic sector of Madurai city was assessed in the study. During the survey, the total roof area of the sample respondents in the four zones was calculated and was found to be 41,235 m2. It was estimated that 4,123 systems of capacity 100 litres per day (lpd) could be installed on rooftops to meet the hot water demands of the population and could save upto 6.18 GW of electricity annually. The potential of solar photovoltaics was also analysed. It was found that there is an enormous potential for installing 3.61 MW photovoltaic system in the total available roof area of the sample households under study.
{"title":"Solar Energy Potential Assessment in Madurai City, India","authors":". M.Manikandan, . C.Gopinathan, Tennyson Daniel, . M.Rajeshkumar","doi":"10.30799/JESPR.153.19050103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30799/JESPR.153.19050103","url":null,"abstract":"Article history: Received 26 December 2018 Accepted 19 January 2019 Available online 11 February 2019 Knowledge on solar radiation incident on horizontal or inclined surfaces is required for any solar energy application. This knowledge is useful for designing and performance evaluation of both solar thermal and photovoltaic systems. This study seeks to provide reliable information on the availability of solar energy resource in Madurai and to assess the potential of solar water heating and photovoltaic systems in the four zones of Madurai city. In this connection, solar radiation was continuously monitored at the four zones for a period of one year. From the study it is found that Madurai receives global solar radiation in the range of 3.37 – 6.25 kW/m2. The analysis showed that global solar radiation is available in surplus throughout the year in all four zones of the city and that the city is ideally suited for harvesting solar energy. The potential of solar water heating in the domestic sector of Madurai city was assessed in the study. During the survey, the total roof area of the sample respondents in the four zones was calculated and was found to be 41,235 m2. It was estimated that 4,123 systems of capacity 100 litres per day (lpd) could be installed on rooftops to meet the hot water demands of the population and could save upto 6.18 GW of electricity annually. The potential of solar photovoltaics was also analysed. It was found that there is an enormous potential for installing 3.61 MW photovoltaic system in the total available roof area of the sample households under study.","PeriodicalId":221492,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5,Issue 1, 2019","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124412208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-02-11DOI: 10.30799/jespr.154.19050102
. B.R.Adegbola, . A.O.Majolagbe
Article history: Received 28 December 2018 Accepted 26 January 2019 Available online 11 February 2019 Geophysical and physiochemical methods were applied to determine potability of groundwater at Iba area, Ojo, Lagos State, Nigeria. The geophysical methods employed for the survey were Vertical Electrical Sounding and Horizontal Profiling, with the aim of determining the depth of potable groundwater. Ten vertical electrical soundings were conducted using the Schlumberger configuration and three horizontal spread covering the entire area. The VES data were interpreted using (WIN RESIST) which showed that the area is composed of top soil, clay, clayey sand, sandy clay and sand. The horizontal profiling data was subjected to iteration software (DIPPRO) which gave the imaging of the lateral variation in resistivity within the study area. The physiochemical analyses of groundwater samples collected in the study area also conducted following standard procedure. The results of the physicochemical analysis compared with acceptable standards of World Health Organization, showed that the water quality within the study area is wholesome. The geophysical results indicated that real aquifer exist at depth from 20 m. The unconfined aquifer is prone to pollution mostly close to the surface. Potable water is therefore recommended to be sunk via borehole at depth from 30.2 m, with the best at VES 4, 8 and 9.
{"title":"Geochemical Evaluation of Groundwater using Electrical Resistance and Physiochemical Methods: A Case Study of Iba Residential Area, Lagos, Nigeria","authors":". B.R.Adegbola, . A.O.Majolagbe","doi":"10.30799/jespr.154.19050102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30799/jespr.154.19050102","url":null,"abstract":"Article history: Received 28 December 2018 Accepted 26 January 2019 Available online 11 February 2019 Geophysical and physiochemical methods were applied to determine potability of groundwater at Iba area, Ojo, Lagos State, Nigeria. The geophysical methods employed for the survey were Vertical Electrical Sounding and Horizontal Profiling, with the aim of determining the depth of potable groundwater. Ten vertical electrical soundings were conducted using the Schlumberger configuration and three horizontal spread covering the entire area. The VES data were interpreted using (WIN RESIST) which showed that the area is composed of top soil, clay, clayey sand, sandy clay and sand. The horizontal profiling data was subjected to iteration software (DIPPRO) which gave the imaging of the lateral variation in resistivity within the study area. The physiochemical analyses of groundwater samples collected in the study area also conducted following standard procedure. The results of the physicochemical analysis compared with acceptable standards of World Health Organization, showed that the water quality within the study area is wholesome. The geophysical results indicated that real aquifer exist at depth from 20 m. The unconfined aquifer is prone to pollution mostly close to the surface. Potable water is therefore recommended to be sunk via borehole at depth from 30.2 m, with the best at VES 4, 8 and 9.","PeriodicalId":221492,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5,Issue 1, 2019","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129070132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-24DOI: 10.30799/jespr.150.19050101
. K.Sarpong, . F.R.K.Bonsu, . E.Dartey
The study was conducted to determine the levels of hazardous metals in game animals. A total of eighteen (18) animals which comprised six species of three (3) each from the same location were trapped or hunted and sacrificed. Organs analyzed for hazardous metal levels were skin, liver, kidney and heart using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry and content expressed in mgkg-1. The statistical analysis was done with Genstat (2007). Results obtained showed that all the hazardous metals under study were present in the organs at variable concentrations. Lead: skin (0.18 – 0.46) mgkg-1, liver (0.03 – 0.4) mgkg-1, heart (0.25 – 0.58) mgkg-1 and kidney (0.38 1.12) mgkg-1; Cadmium: skin (0.08 – 0.58) mgkg-1 and kidney (0.09 – 0.7) mgkg-1; Zinc : skin ( 0.46 – 0.66) mgkg-1, liver (90.04 – 0.82) mgkg-1, heart (0.42 – 1.21) mgkg-1 and kidney (0.43 – 1.58) mgkg-1; Copper: skin (6.13 – 12.57) mgkg-1, liver (5.1 – 9.56) mgkg-1, heart (6.89 - 15.15) mgkg-1 and kidney (7.63 – 24.87) mgkg-1; Iron : skin (9.53 – 26.35) mgkg-1, liver (8.07 -28.08) mgkg-1, heart (13.83 - 46.40) mgkg-1 and kidney (12.43 – 47.61) mgkg-1. Iron was highly (p <0.05) deposited in all species of animals in the heart 19.88 mgkg-1, 46.40 mgkg-1, 40.83 mgkg-1, 13.83 mgkg-1 and 41.38 mgkg-1 respectively for civet (Civettictis civeta), antelope (Antilocapra americana), grasscutter (Thryonomys swiderianus), hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris) and bush dog (Speothos venaticus) except the bush rat (Rattus fuscipes) that had its highest deposition (46.71 mgkg-1) in the kidney. Copper was also highly deposited in animals after iron with higher concentrations in heart and kidney. The highest concentration was recorded for bush rat (Rattus fuscipes) (15.15 mgkg-1) in heart and 24.87 mgkg-1 in kidney. Due to bioaccumulation of hazardous metals, care should be taken in patronizing bushmeat obtained from the studied ecosystem since failure could be perilous to the health of consumers as their concentrations are beyond the safe limits for the respective metals. It is further recommended that environmental safety principles for safe disposal of hazardous metals are appropriately carried out.
{"title":"Assessment of Hazardous Metal Concentrations in Organs of Selected Game Animals in the Natural Environment","authors":". K.Sarpong, . F.R.K.Bonsu, . E.Dartey","doi":"10.30799/jespr.150.19050101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30799/jespr.150.19050101","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted to determine the levels of hazardous metals in game animals. A total of eighteen (18) animals which comprised six species of three (3) each from the same location were trapped or hunted and sacrificed. Organs analyzed for hazardous metal levels were skin, liver, kidney and heart using Atomic Absorption Spectrometry and content expressed in mgkg-1. The statistical analysis was done with Genstat (2007). Results obtained showed that all the hazardous metals under study were present in the organs at variable concentrations. Lead: skin (0.18 – 0.46) mgkg-1, liver (0.03 – 0.4) mgkg-1, heart (0.25 – 0.58) mgkg-1 and kidney (0.38 1.12) mgkg-1; Cadmium: skin (0.08 – 0.58) mgkg-1 and kidney (0.09 – 0.7) mgkg-1; Zinc : skin ( 0.46 – 0.66) mgkg-1, liver (90.04 – 0.82) mgkg-1, heart (0.42 – 1.21) mgkg-1 and kidney (0.43 – 1.58) mgkg-1; Copper: skin (6.13 – 12.57) mgkg-1, liver (5.1 – 9.56) mgkg-1, heart (6.89 - 15.15) mgkg-1 and kidney (7.63 – 24.87) mgkg-1; Iron : skin (9.53 – 26.35) mgkg-1, liver (8.07 -28.08) mgkg-1, heart (13.83 - 46.40) mgkg-1 and kidney (12.43 – 47.61) mgkg-1. Iron was highly (p <0.05) deposited in all species of animals in the heart 19.88 mgkg-1, 46.40 mgkg-1, 40.83 mgkg-1, 13.83 mgkg-1 and 41.38 mgkg-1 respectively for civet (Civettictis civeta), antelope (Antilocapra americana), grasscutter (Thryonomys swiderianus), hedgehog (Atelerix albiventris) and bush dog (Speothos venaticus) except the bush rat (Rattus fuscipes) that had its highest deposition (46.71 mgkg-1) in the kidney. Copper was also highly deposited in animals after iron with higher concentrations in heart and kidney. The highest concentration was recorded for bush rat (Rattus fuscipes) (15.15 mgkg-1) in heart and 24.87 mgkg-1 in kidney. Due to bioaccumulation of hazardous metals, care should be taken in patronizing bushmeat obtained from the studied ecosystem since failure could be perilous to the health of consumers as their concentrations are beyond the safe limits for the respective metals. It is further recommended that environmental safety principles for safe disposal of hazardous metals are appropriately carried out.","PeriodicalId":221492,"journal":{"name":"Volume 5,Issue 1, 2019","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128230814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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