Sexual health最新文献

Numerous studies highlight a common inadequacy among midwives in addressing sexuality and sexual health issues in pregnant women. These findings underscore the crucial need for sexual health education for midwives. Nevertheless, the specific training needs and preferences regarding sexual health education for pregnant women among midwives remain largely unexplored in existing literature. The aim of this study was to explore midwives’ training needs and preferences for providing sexual health education for pregnant women.

The research employed a mixed-methods, institution-based cross-sectional study design conducted from July to August 2021. Convenience sampling was applied for quantitative research, while purposive sampling was utilised for the qualitative component. Midwives from 19 hospitals in Guangdong Province were invited to participate in a questionnaire survey addressing training needs and preferences for sexual health education for pregnant women among midwives. Qualitative data analysis was performed using thematic analysis.

A total of 462 midwives participated in the quantitative study, while 12 skilled midwives were involved in the qualitative component. A significant majority (82.5%) of midwives expressed a strong desire to engage in sexual health education. Online education emerged as the preferred mode of training among participants. Key areas of interest included reproductive health, sexual psychology, sex sociology, and education methods, underscoring a consistent demand for comprehensive sexual health education within the midwifery community.

Our study emphasises the pressing need for enhanced sexual health education for midwives and explores their preferences for future training.

In Latin American countries and Suriname, sexual transmission is one of the most common modes of HIV transmission, and men who have sex with men (MSM) who engage in sex work constitute a key population.

In a sample of MSM (N = 53,166) from the Latin American Internet Survey (2018) across 18 countries, we examined how sex work engagement is associated with syndemic conditions (multidrug use, homophobic abuse, depression/anxiety, alcohol dependency (CAGE alcohol questionnaire) and internalised homonegativity) and condomless anal intercourse with non-steady male partners using separate logistic regressions. We then used a structural equation model to determine if and how syndemic conditions mediate the relationship between sex work engagement and non-steady male partners.

We found that getting paid for sex was associated with less condom use for anal intercourse with non-steady male partners and particular syndemic conditions, such as multidrug use, homophobic abuse and alcohol dependency. In our structural equation model, the results showed that the direct relationship between sex work engagement and non-steady male partners was positive and significant, and syndemic conditions partially mediated this relationship.

Our results highlight the continuing need for including MSM who engage in sex work and those who experience syndemic conditions in the prevention strategies targeted to MSM in Latin America and Suriname, to prevent the transmission of HIV.

Aging women living with HIV are significantly affected by menopause and comorbidities, yet international and Australian HIV guidance on the management of women is scarce. This study aimed to identify gaps in clinical management of menopause, age-related comorbidities, and psychosocial health of women living with HIV attending our metropolitan sexual health service.

A clinical audit of all cisgender women who attended Sydney Local Health District Department of Sexual Health Medicine for ongoing routine HIV care between 1 January 2021 and 1 January 2023 was undertaken.

Twenty-seven patient files were examined. Half (13/27, 48.1%) of women were age 45 years and older, of whom 6/13 (46.2%) were postmenopausal and 4/13 (30.8%) did not have menopause status recorded. In the prior 12 months, most women had their blood pressure (19/27, 70.4%), total cholesterol (21/27, 77.8%), glycated haemoglobin (21/27, 77.8%), estimated glomerular filtration rate (27/27, 96.3%), and liver function tests (26/27, 96.3%) measured. Smoking and alcohol intake was documented for less than half of women (13/27, 48.1%; and 12/27, 44.4%; respectively). In women aged 45 years and older, absolute cardiovascular disease risk was calculated in 2/13 (15.4%), and none had a Fracture Risk Assessment Tool score or cognitive screen performed in the prior 12 months. One-fifth (5/27, 18.5%) had a documented history of depression or anxiety. Of those screened, half (4/8, 50.0%) disclosed past intimate partner violence.

Our service has now implemented a reference tool to guide routine monitoring of women living with HIV, with sections dedicated to reproductive health and psychological wellbeing. Australian HIV management guidelines would benefit from specific guidance for women.

This Collection highlights some recent publications in Sexual Health on using technology to optimise sexual health. By leveraging innovations such as rapid diagnostic tools, mobile health (mHealth), self-testing and artificial-intelligence-powered tools, we can empower individuals to take control of their sexual health, reducing risks and enhancing accessibility.

Although there has been growth in online STI testing services, more attention is needed to understand how to facilitate effective treatment pathways for users. This study investigated where young people want to be treated for gonorrhoea and syphilis if they test positive using an online service.

We conducted an online survey of Australians aged 16–29 years that included multiple choice and free-text questions about their preferred location for receiving injectable antibiotics. Multivariable multinomial logistic regression examined associations between respondent characteristics and service preferences. Content analysis was used to code free-text responses.

Among 905 survey respondents, 777 (85.9%) answered questions on treatment preferences. Respondents most commonly preferred injectable antibiotics provided by a sexual health clinic (294; 37.8%) or a nurse in a pharmacy (208; 26.8%). Gender/sexually diverse respondents were more likely to select sexual health clinics over general practice (MSM RRR 2.5, 95% CI 1.1–5.7; WSW RRR 2.6, 95% CI 1.1–5.7; trans/non-binary RRR 2.5; 95% CI 1.0–6.0). Older respondents (aged 25–29 years) were more likely to choose all alternatives over general practice, with the reverse found for those who had previously tested. From open-text answers, pharmacies were valued for their convenience, and sexual health clinics for providing non-judgemental, free services by specialists.

Differences in treatment preferences by certain groups of young people suggest that different service offerings may influence treatment-seeking outcomes from online STI testing services

Structural stigma and institutionalised discrimination towards people living with HIV remain pervasive in many settings. However, qualitative explorations of experiences of stigma, health and social service engagement, and quality of life among people living with HIV in Singapore remain under-researched.

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 73 participants in Singapore. These included 56 people living with HIV (30 men who have sex with men, 23 heterosexual men, and 3 women) and 17 stakeholders including healthcare professionals and other allied workers. Interviews focused on participant perspectives or experiences of HIV diagnosis, navigating healthcare, attitudes towards HIV, and impact of HIV on relationships. Data were analysed through inductive thematic analysis.

Our findings were framed within a minority stress model, highlighting the distal and proximal stressors relating to living with HIV. With regard to distal stressors, participants highlighted that they had experienced or were aware of institutionalised discrimination towards people living with HIV across various aspects of their lives. These included experiences – overt and covert – of discrimination in education, workplace, and healthcare settings. With regard to proximal stressors, participants highlighted the role of anticipated stigma and the stress of concealment. This included participants’ fear of potential legal and/or social repercussions resulting from the disclosure of their HIV status, actions that they may not be able to anticipate and articulate. Although employers may not overtly discriminate, the fear of such anticipated discrimination influenced decisions to conceal HIV status in job applications and workplaces. This restricted agency for the people living with HIV in our study by affecting their regular medical follow-ups, socialising behaviours, and overall quality of life. Consequently, many participants felt that concealment of their status, and forgoing potential educational, employment, and even health opportunities, were the only ways of protecting themselves from such forms of stigma and discrimination.

This study found that anticipated stigma and discrimination diminished the quality of life of people living with HIV in Singapore. Implementing an anti-discrimination framework could address the unpredictability and alleviate the manifold unknowns of anticipated stigma.

Background Mouthwash is a commonly used product with the potential to prevent STIs. This study aimed to determine the association between mouthwash use frequency with sexual behaviours and STIs among Chinese men who have sex with men (MSM). Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among MSM in Xi'an, China, from January to September 2022. Participants were categorised into non-mouthwash users, occasional (used it less than once every week) and frequent (used it more than once every week) mouthwash users. Multinomial logistic regression was performed to identify the association between mouthwash use frequency with sexual behaviours. Results Of 838 MSM included in the analysis, 621 (74.11%) reported never using mouthwash, whereas 47 (5.60%) used it occasionally and 170 (20.29%) used it frequently. Frequent mouthwash users had a lower prevalence of chlamydia compared with occasional users (8.33% vs 23.93%, P Conclusion MSM with more sexual partners or lower condom use frequency were more likely to be frequent mouthwash users. However, frequent mouthwash users had a lower chlamydia prevalence.

Background Stigma towards sexually active young people presents profound barriers to uptake of sexual and reproductive health (SRH) services, including HIV testing and contraception. Yet, few studies have examined adolescent SRH stigma trajectories over time. To address this knowledge gap, we examined associations between social-ecological factors and trajectories of adolescent SRH stigma among urban refugee youth in Kampala, Uganda. Methods This longitudinal cohort study with refugee youth in Kampala collected data on adolescent SRH stigma at four time-points between 2022 and 2024. We used latent class growth analyses to examine distinct trajectories of adolescent SRH stigma, and examined baseline social-ecological and socio-demographic factors associated with class membership using multivariable logistic regression. Results Among the participants (n =164 with n =668 observations; mean age 19.9 years, standard deviation2.5 years; 52.8% cisgender women), we categorised two distinct adolescent SRH stigma trajectories: consistently high (n =496; 74.2%) and sustained low (n =172; 25.8%). In multivariable analyses, living in Uganda ≥1year at baseline assessment (1-5years: adjusted odds ratio [aOR]5.28, confidence interval [CI]2.29-12.19, P P 10years: aOR3.89, CI1.56-9.68, P P P P P Conclusions Social-ecological and socio-demographic factors were associated with consistently high levels of adolescent SRH stigma over 2years. Multi-level strategies can meaningfully engage youth in developing stigma reduction strategies for SRH service delivery.

17-20 September 2024 ICC Sydney, Gadigal Country, Australia Theme: "Commitment to sexual and reproductive health and human rights" Taking place 17-20 September 2024 at the International Convention Centre in Sydney, Gadigal Country, the 25th IUSTI World Congress will this year incorporate the Australasian Sexual and Reproductive Health Conference. This congress will provide an opportunity to meet, discuss and learn about the latest research and innovation in sexual and reproductive health. The program will incorporate a range of world leading speakers and presentations, allowing delegates to expand their professional knowledge through local and international insight. All abstracts submitted for consideration in the 2024 program were independently reviewed by three experts on a range of criteria. These results were aggregated and presented to the Scientific Program Committee who used the scores and feedback from reviewers to select which presentations would be accepted into the program. These scores also determined the top abstracts within each theme. To cite the full set of abstracts: (2024) Abstracts from the 25th IUSTI World Congress incorporating the Australasian Sexual and Reproductive Health Conference. Sexual Health 21 , SHv21n4abs. doi:10.1071/SHv21n4abs To cite individual abstracts use the following format: Sun J et al . (2024) 2. Artificial intelligence-based diagnosis: distinguishing early syphilis from other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) [Conference abstract]. Sexual Health 21 , SHv21n4abs.

Background Sexual transmission accounts for a substantial proportion of HIV infections. Although some countries are experiencing an upward trend in HIV infections, there has been a lack of studies assessing the global burden of HIV/AIDS acquired through sexual transmission. We assessed the global, regional, and national burdens of HIV/AIDS acquired through sexual transmission from 1990 to 2019. Methods Data on deaths, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life years (DALY) of HIV/AIDS acquired through sexual transmission in 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2019 were retrieved from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2019. The burdens and trends were evaluated using the age-standardised rates (ASR) and estimated annual percentage change (EAPC). Results Globally, HIV/AIDS acquired through sexual transmission accounted for ~695.8 thousand (95% uncertainty interval 628.0-811.3) deaths, 33.0million (28.7-39.9) YLLs, 3.4million (2.4-4.6) YLDs, and 36.4million (32.2-43.1) DALYs in 2019. In 2019, Southern sub-Saharan Africa (11350.94), Eastern sub-Saharan Africa (3530.91), and Western sub-Saharan Africa (2037.74) had the highest ASR of DALYs of HIV/AIDS acquired through sexual transmission per 100,000. In most regions of the world, the burden of HIV/AIDS acquired through sexual transmission has been increasing from 1990 to 2019, mainly in Oceania (EAPC 17.20, 95% confidence interval 12.82-21.75), South Asia (9.00, 3.94-14.30), and Eastern Europe (7.09, 6.35-7.84). Conclusions HIV/AIDS acquired through sexual transmission results in a major burden globally, regionally, and nationally.