S. Baumgardner, A. Madof, Ashley D. Harris, A. Kahn
Although the majority of the world's sedimentary basins are located along passive continental margins, the link between their stratigraphy and time architecture has not been fully investigated in three dimensions. Here, using a 3D numerical forward stratigraphic model, we report a previously unidentified trend: an increase in temporal completeness from the shelf to the upper slope and a reduction towards the basin floor. Sedimentation rates from our results are consistent with those measured from a global dataset; our results are also consistent with a chronostratigraphically well‐constrained subsurface example: the Eocene of the Santos Basin, offshore Brazil. Because our results reproduce both globally and locally observed time‐preservation trends, we suggest the use of such models to inform time architecture in the context of surface and subsurface accumulations. Applying these concepts will not only provide a spatiotemporal framework for passive‐margin settings but will provide a more complete understanding of the inherently incomplete geological record.
{"title":"Predictable time preservation on passive continental margins revealed from forward stratigraphic models","authors":"S. Baumgardner, A. Madof, Ashley D. Harris, A. Kahn","doi":"10.1111/ter.12661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ter.12661","url":null,"abstract":"Although the majority of the world's sedimentary basins are located along passive continental margins, the link between their stratigraphy and time architecture has not been fully investigated in three dimensions. Here, using a 3D numerical forward stratigraphic model, we report a previously unidentified trend: an increase in temporal completeness from the shelf to the upper slope and a reduction towards the basin floor. Sedimentation rates from our results are consistent with those measured from a global dataset; our results are also consistent with a chronostratigraphically well‐constrained subsurface example: the Eocene of the Santos Basin, offshore Brazil. Because our results reproduce both globally and locally observed time‐preservation trends, we suggest the use of such models to inform time architecture in the context of surface and subsurface accumulations. Applying these concepts will not only provide a spatiotemporal framework for passive‐margin settings but will provide a more complete understanding of the inherently incomplete geological record.","PeriodicalId":22260,"journal":{"name":"Terra Nova","volume":"35 1","pages":"388 - 395"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47312814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. Audin, B. Gérard, C. Gautheron, S. Schwartz, C. Benavente, X. Robert, P. A. van der Beek, R. Pinna‐Jamme, M. Balvay, M. Bernet, A. Margirier, S. Zerathe
Thermochronological data are essential to constrain thermal and exhumation histories in active mountain ranges. In the Central Andes, bedrock outcrops are rare, being blanketed by widespread late Palaeogene–Neogene and younger volcanic formations. For this reason, the exhumation history of the Western Cordillera (WC) in the Peruvian Andes has only been investigated locally along the mountain range. Dense thermochronological data are only available in canyons of the Arequipa (16° S) and Cordillera Negra regions (10° S). We present new apatite (U‐Th)/He and fission‐track data from the 1 km deep Cañete Canyon (13° S), where the Oligo‐Miocene deposits are preserved lying conformably on an Eocene palaeo‐topographic surface. Thermal modelling of thermochronological data indicate that the 30–20 Ma ignimbrite deposits overlying the bedrock were thick enough to cause burial reheating. We demonstrate that burial associated with thick volcanic formations should be taken into account when interpreting thermochronological data from the WC or in similar volcanic‐arc settings.
{"title":"Burial in the western Central Andes through Oligocene to Miocene ignimbrite flare‐ups recorded by low‐temperature thermochronology in the Cañete Canyon, Peru","authors":"L. Audin, B. Gérard, C. Gautheron, S. Schwartz, C. Benavente, X. Robert, P. A. van der Beek, R. Pinna‐Jamme, M. Balvay, M. Bernet, A. Margirier, S. Zerathe","doi":"10.1111/ter.12669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ter.12669","url":null,"abstract":"Thermochronological data are essential to constrain thermal and exhumation histories in active mountain ranges. In the Central Andes, bedrock outcrops are rare, being blanketed by widespread late Palaeogene–Neogene and younger volcanic formations. For this reason, the exhumation history of the Western Cordillera (WC) in the Peruvian Andes has only been investigated locally along the mountain range. Dense thermochronological data are only available in canyons of the Arequipa (16° S) and Cordillera Negra regions (10° S). We present new apatite (U‐Th)/He and fission‐track data from the 1 km deep Cañete Canyon (13° S), where the Oligo‐Miocene deposits are preserved lying conformably on an Eocene palaeo‐topographic surface. Thermal modelling of thermochronological data indicate that the 30–20 Ma ignimbrite deposits overlying the bedrock were thick enough to cause burial reheating. We demonstrate that burial associated with thick volcanic formations should be taken into account when interpreting thermochronological data from the WC or in similar volcanic‐arc settings.","PeriodicalId":22260,"journal":{"name":"Terra Nova","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42243857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A full new tectonic model of the Earth is presented based a complete new tectonic interpretation carried out during a 10‐year project. It covers a huge amount of available geophysical and geological datasets, where ca. 11 000 tectonic elements such as faults and thrusts, transform faults, rift zones, passive margins and oceanic extension ridges and numerous other features have been mapped, and classified following the geological literature. The complete surface of the Earth has been subdivided into 1.180 larger and smaller tectonic terranes, in the domains of continental blocks, oceanic plates and mobile zones. Numerical multiscale statistical fabric analyses on orientation, length and area are presented on the digitised tectonic elements and the classified terranes using the first Digital Twin of the Earth. Graphical representation through maps with different projections and viewpoints, and planetary views, are presented to illustrate the new subdivision. Some important implications for plate tectonic reconstructions are being discussed.
{"title":"The new global tectonic map—Analyses and implications","authors":"Janpieter Dijk","doi":"10.1111/ter.12662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ter.12662","url":null,"abstract":"A full new tectonic model of the Earth is presented based a complete new tectonic interpretation carried out during a 10‐year project. It covers a huge amount of available geophysical and geological datasets, where ca. 11 000 tectonic elements such as faults and thrusts, transform faults, rift zones, passive margins and oceanic extension ridges and numerous other features have been mapped, and classified following the geological literature. The complete surface of the Earth has been subdivided into 1.180 larger and smaller tectonic terranes, in the domains of continental blocks, oceanic plates and mobile zones. Numerical multiscale statistical fabric analyses on orientation, length and area are presented on the digitised tectonic elements and the classified terranes using the first Digital Twin of the Earth. Graphical representation through maps with different projections and viewpoints, and planetary views, are presented to illustrate the new subdivision. Some important implications for plate tectonic reconstructions are being discussed.","PeriodicalId":22260,"journal":{"name":"Terra Nova","volume":"35 1","pages":"343 - 369"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44449271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Ferré, S. Satolli, H. Wu, P. Persaud, D. Cukur, S. Bowden
Sedimentary beds of alternating red and green colour are commonly interpreted to reflect orbitally- forced cyclic climatic, syn- depositional conditions, although colour changes caused by post- depositional fluids are also documented. Results from IODP Hole U1502A marine sediments in the South China Sea exemplify post- depositional reducing fluid– rock interactions that locally changed the sediment colour from red to green. Petrographic, rock magnetic and paleomagnetic data on cores show that the red colouration originates from an early, basin- wide, pervasive diagenetic oxidation event (forming haematite), whereas the green colouration results from subsequent fluid- driven reduction (forming pyrrhotite- magnetite). The dense sulfidic stockwork in the basaltic basement underlying these sediments was the likely source of reducing fluids. Drilling deep holes into marine basin basements can thus provide useful information on fluid transfer from the basement to the overlying sedimentary layers.
{"title":"Red or green: Overprinting of the climatic signal in Miocene sediments, South China Sea (IODP Expedition 368, Site U1502)","authors":"E. Ferré, S. Satolli, H. Wu, P. Persaud, D. Cukur, S. Bowden","doi":"10.1111/ter.12670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ter.12670","url":null,"abstract":"Sedimentary beds of alternating red and green colour are commonly interpreted to reflect orbitally- forced cyclic climatic, syn- depositional conditions, although colour changes caused by post- depositional fluids are also documented. Results from IODP Hole U1502A marine sediments in the South China Sea exemplify post- depositional reducing fluid– rock interactions that locally changed the sediment colour from red to green. Petrographic, rock magnetic and paleomagnetic data on cores show that the red colouration originates from an early, basin- wide, pervasive diagenetic oxidation event (forming haematite), whereas the green colouration results from subsequent fluid- driven reduction (forming pyrrhotite- magnetite). The dense sulfidic stockwork in the basaltic basement underlying these sediments was the likely source of reducing fluids. Drilling deep holes into marine basin basements can thus provide useful information on fluid transfer from the basement to the overlying sedimentary layers.","PeriodicalId":22260,"journal":{"name":"Terra Nova","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43169619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. León, Sebastian Jimenez-Rodriguez, A. Piraquive, Sandra Florez‐Amaya, J. Muñoz-Rocha, M. L. Peña-Urueña, Amed Bonilla, Ingrid Facio Lince, D. Contreras‐Fayad, Carolina Jiménez
A large dataset of detrital zircon U–Pb ages (N = 5940) of Aptian‐Albian strata of the Colombian‐Ecuadorian retroarc region suggests that these rocks were sourced from Proterozoic cratonic and Permian–Triassic to Cretaceous rocks of the Andean proto‐Cordilleras. The nonconformity between Aptian‐Albian strata and Proterozoic rocks of the Garzón Massif indicates the existence of positive relief in this region. Topographic highs could have caused local basin compartmentalization and the prevalence of a localized provenance of coeval strata. Areas of positive relief were seemingly exposed to intense chemical weathering as suggested by the high Chemical Index of Alteration values, and low Rb/Sr and SiO2/Al2O3 ratios of analysed strata. Our results highlight the value of provenance analysis to study the ancient topography of retroarc systems and open the avenue for further research on the role of extensional tectonics in the topographic and basin evolution in the Andes.
{"title":"Sediment provenance signal of the discontinuous retroarc topography in the northern Andes during the Early Cretaceous","authors":"S. León, Sebastian Jimenez-Rodriguez, A. Piraquive, Sandra Florez‐Amaya, J. Muñoz-Rocha, M. L. Peña-Urueña, Amed Bonilla, Ingrid Facio Lince, D. Contreras‐Fayad, Carolina Jiménez","doi":"10.1111/ter.12668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ter.12668","url":null,"abstract":"A large dataset of detrital zircon U–Pb ages (N = 5940) of Aptian‐Albian strata of the Colombian‐Ecuadorian retroarc region suggests that these rocks were sourced from Proterozoic cratonic and Permian–Triassic to Cretaceous rocks of the Andean proto‐Cordilleras. The nonconformity between Aptian‐Albian strata and Proterozoic rocks of the Garzón Massif indicates the existence of positive relief in this region. Topographic highs could have caused local basin compartmentalization and the prevalence of a localized provenance of coeval strata. Areas of positive relief were seemingly exposed to intense chemical weathering as suggested by the high Chemical Index of Alteration values, and low Rb/Sr and SiO2/Al2O3 ratios of analysed strata. Our results highlight the value of provenance analysis to study the ancient topography of retroarc systems and open the avenue for further research on the role of extensional tectonics in the topographic and basin evolution in the Andes.","PeriodicalId":22260,"journal":{"name":"Terra Nova","volume":"35 1","pages":"440 - 449"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48007468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Panea, D. Draganov, Catalin-Florin Bouaru, I. Munteanu
The Ţicău area (NW Romania) is part of the collisional zone between the Tisza and Dacia mega‐units. Imaging of Ţicău area's subsurface geological structure will contribute to the understanding of the processes, which controlled its tectonic evolution. Analysis of outcrops provides accurate information for the building of kinematic sections used to explain the small‐scale deformations of sedimentary formations, such as those developed south of the Ţicău mountains. Imaging of large‐scale deformations requires analysis of data recorded and/or measured over a wider area. We use Seismic Interferometry by cross‐correlation on ambient noise recorded along with a line located north of the Ţicău mountains. The passive seismic section obtained after virtual body‐wave reflections processing displays folded and faulted Paleogene formations, which are in good agreement with the observations on outcrops found to the south of the Ţicău mountains. The active‐source data recorded along with the same line are too noisy for interpretation.
{"title":"Imaging of post‐collisional deformations on the NE Tisza continental unit using ambient seismic noise: A case study from the Țicău area, Romania","authors":"I. Panea, D. Draganov, Catalin-Florin Bouaru, I. Munteanu","doi":"10.1111/ter.12667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ter.12667","url":null,"abstract":"The Ţicău area (NW Romania) is part of the collisional zone between the Tisza and Dacia mega‐units. Imaging of Ţicău area's subsurface geological structure will contribute to the understanding of the processes, which controlled its tectonic evolution. Analysis of outcrops provides accurate information for the building of kinematic sections used to explain the small‐scale deformations of sedimentary formations, such as those developed south of the Ţicău mountains. Imaging of large‐scale deformations requires analysis of data recorded and/or measured over a wider area. We use Seismic Interferometry by cross‐correlation on ambient noise recorded along with a line located north of the Ţicău mountains. The passive seismic section obtained after virtual body‐wave reflections processing displays folded and faulted Paleogene formations, which are in good agreement with the observations on outcrops found to the south of the Ţicău mountains. The active‐source data recorded along with the same line are too noisy for interpretation.","PeriodicalId":22260,"journal":{"name":"Terra Nova","volume":"35 1","pages":"432 - 439"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41756367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Antonin Bilau, Y. Rolland, T. Dumont, S. Schwartz, N. Godeau, A. Guihou, P. Deschamps
Early Late Cretaceous uplift of Provence gave rise to the Durance Isthmus. In the present study, U–Pb dating on calcite of compressional structures related to Pyrenean foreland compressional deformation in Provence shows that N‐S shortening occurred coeval with emersion of the Durance Isthmus, through the development of combined top‐to‐the‐North to NW thrusts between 97 and 90 Ma. This large‐scale event, recorded from the Pyrenees to the Middle‐East regions is interpreted as a far‐field internal plate precursor of the Africa‐Europe plates reorganization. Furthermore, the change in tectonic style and amount of shortening between Provence and Pyrenees was accommodated by sinistral reactivation of the NE–SW Cevennes and Nimes faults, acting as transform boundaries in this incipient collisional context.
{"title":"Early onset of Pyrenean collision (97–90 Ma) evidenced by U–Pb dating on calcite (Provence, SE France)","authors":"Antonin Bilau, Y. Rolland, T. Dumont, S. Schwartz, N. Godeau, A. Guihou, P. Deschamps","doi":"10.1111/ter.12665","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ter.12665","url":null,"abstract":"Early Late Cretaceous uplift of Provence gave rise to the Durance Isthmus. In the present study, U–Pb dating on calcite of compressional structures related to Pyrenean foreland compressional deformation in Provence shows that N‐S shortening occurred coeval with emersion of the Durance Isthmus, through the development of combined top‐to‐the‐North to NW thrusts between 97 and 90 Ma. This large‐scale event, recorded from the Pyrenees to the Middle‐East regions is interpreted as a far‐field internal plate precursor of the Africa‐Europe plates reorganization. Furthermore, the change in tectonic style and amount of shortening between Provence and Pyrenees was accommodated by sinistral reactivation of the NE–SW Cevennes and Nimes faults, acting as transform boundaries in this incipient collisional context.","PeriodicalId":22260,"journal":{"name":"Terra Nova","volume":"35 1","pages":"413 - 423"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41941689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ferdinando Musso Piantelli, Sandro Truttmann, M. Herwegh
Understanding how bedrock properties influence the valley‐forming processes of Alpine landscapes is an outstanding challenge. A multi‐methodological approach was used to uniformly quantify fault frequency, orientation, and rock hardness of crystalline basement rocks to evaluate their impact on the erosional processes that shaped the valley of the Aletsch Glacier, Switzerland. We show how variations in fault frequency and orientations, imposed by the inherited collisional framework of the area, controls the local erodibility of the valley, affecting both hillslopes and channel erosion processes. Our results highlight how tectonic preconditioning exerts a first‐order control on the efficiency of erosion in the mountain chain, elucidating an integral link between deep‐seated collisional dynamics and surface‐based mountain shaping. Moreover, our results express the importance of a uniform, quantitative characterization of bedrock properties to comprehend the interaction and variability of erosional processes and hazards distributed within the valley systems.
{"title":"The control of collisional tectonics over valley morphology: the case of the largest glacier in the European Alps","authors":"Ferdinando Musso Piantelli, Sandro Truttmann, M. Herwegh","doi":"10.1111/ter.12666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ter.12666","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding how bedrock properties influence the valley‐forming processes of Alpine landscapes is an outstanding challenge. A multi‐methodological approach was used to uniformly quantify fault frequency, orientation, and rock hardness of crystalline basement rocks to evaluate their impact on the erosional processes that shaped the valley of the Aletsch Glacier, Switzerland. We show how variations in fault frequency and orientations, imposed by the inherited collisional framework of the area, controls the local erodibility of the valley, affecting both hillslopes and channel erosion processes. Our results highlight how tectonic preconditioning exerts a first‐order control on the efficiency of erosion in the mountain chain, elucidating an integral link between deep‐seated collisional dynamics and surface‐based mountain shaping. Moreover, our results express the importance of a uniform, quantitative characterization of bedrock properties to comprehend the interaction and variability of erosional processes and hazards distributed within the valley systems.","PeriodicalId":22260,"journal":{"name":"Terra Nova","volume":"35 1","pages":"424 - 431"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43723201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Ramos, A. Pedrera, J. García-Senz, B. Lopez-Mir, R. Salas
The Columbrets Basin is the largest Mesozoic rift basin of the Valencia Trough in the Western Mediterranean. The analysis of a seismic‐reflection survey makes it possible to reconstruct the tectonic fabric underlying the sedimentary basin, including the structure of the top of the lower crust and the Moho. It is proposed that the ductile deformation of the mid‐lower crust was the main mechanism controlling the basin geometry, with the radial flow of mid‐lower crust coeval with the reactivation of two large‐offset SW‐dipping normal faults, inherited from the precursor Permian–Triassic rifting. Mid‐lower crustal necking occurred below the major depocenters, immediately before hyperextension. Our results provide new insight into the formation of circular‐shaped basins and the evolution of depth‐dependent extensional processes during rifting.
{"title":"Seismic evidence for ductile necking of the mid‐lower crust beneath the Columbrets Basin (Western Mediterranean)","authors":"A. Ramos, A. Pedrera, J. García-Senz, B. Lopez-Mir, R. Salas","doi":"10.1111/ter.12664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ter.12664","url":null,"abstract":"The Columbrets Basin is the largest Mesozoic rift basin of the Valencia Trough in the Western Mediterranean. The analysis of a seismic‐reflection survey makes it possible to reconstruct the tectonic fabric underlying the sedimentary basin, including the structure of the top of the lower crust and the Moho. It is proposed that the ductile deformation of the mid‐lower crust was the main mechanism controlling the basin geometry, with the radial flow of mid‐lower crust coeval with the reactivation of two large‐offset SW‐dipping normal faults, inherited from the precursor Permian–Triassic rifting. Mid‐lower crustal necking occurred below the major depocenters, immediately before hyperextension. Our results provide new insight into the formation of circular‐shaped basins and the evolution of depth‐dependent extensional processes during rifting.","PeriodicalId":22260,"journal":{"name":"Terra Nova","volume":"35 1","pages":"404 - 412"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43130710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hinrich A. Schmid‐Beurmann, Wolf-Achim Kahl, W. Bach, M. Ivarsson, M. Böttcher, Jörn Peckmann
Pleistocene basanitic rocks of Vesteris Seamount in the Greenland Sea had been found to exhibit an endolithic habitat largely consisting of marine fungi that dwell within abundant vesicles, therefore representing cryptoendoliths. For the first time, we demonstrate that 3D X‐ray microscopy can unravel how microorganisms access and migrate through vesicular rock. The fossil assemblages occur within a set of vesicles connected by microcracks. Such microcracks, which are ubiquitous features in submarine volcanic rocks, enable the dispersal of marine microorganisms in the rock. This study suggests that this pathway for the colonization of marine volcanic rocks forms in consequence of early tensional stress due to variable rates of cooling of the lava flow. Subsequently, the interconnected vesicles get populated by rock‐dwelling microorganisms. This cryptoendolithic habitat exists at least since the Paleoproterozoic.
{"title":"Dispersal of endolithic microorganisms in vesicular volcanic rock: Distribution, settlement and pathways revealed by 3D X‐ray microscopy","authors":"Hinrich A. Schmid‐Beurmann, Wolf-Achim Kahl, W. Bach, M. Ivarsson, M. Böttcher, Jörn Peckmann","doi":"10.1111/ter.12663","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/ter.12663","url":null,"abstract":"Pleistocene basanitic rocks of Vesteris Seamount in the Greenland Sea had been found to exhibit an endolithic habitat largely consisting of marine fungi that dwell within abundant vesicles, therefore representing cryptoendoliths. For the first time, we demonstrate that 3D X‐ray microscopy can unravel how microorganisms access and migrate through vesicular rock. The fossil assemblages occur within a set of vesicles connected by microcracks. Such microcracks, which are ubiquitous features in submarine volcanic rocks, enable the dispersal of marine microorganisms in the rock. This study suggests that this pathway for the colonization of marine volcanic rocks forms in consequence of early tensional stress due to variable rates of cooling of the lava flow. Subsequently, the interconnected vesicles get populated by rock‐dwelling microorganisms. This cryptoendolithic habitat exists at least since the Paleoproterozoic.","PeriodicalId":22260,"journal":{"name":"Terra Nova","volume":"35 1","pages":"396 - 403"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45850391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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