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2015 IEEE 6th International Workshop on Computational Advances in Multi-Sensor Adaptive Processing (CAMSAP)最新文献

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Performance limits of energy detection systems with massive receiver arrays 大规模接收阵列能量探测系统的性能限制
Lishuai Jing, Z. Utkovski, E. Carvalho, P. Popovski
Energy detection (ED) is an attractive technique for symbol detection at receivers equipped with a large number of antennas, for example in millimeter wave communication systems. This paper investigates the performance bounds of ED with pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) in large antenna arrays under single stream transmission and fast fading assumptions. The analysis leverages information-theoretic tools and semi-numerical approach to provide bounds on the information rate, which are shown to be tight in the low and high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regimes, respectively. For a fixed constellation size, the impact of the number of antennas and SNR on the achievable information rate is investigated. Based on the results, heuristics are provided for the choice of the cardinality of the adaptive modulation scheme as a function of the SNR and the number of antennas.
能量检测(ED)是一种有吸引力的符号检测技术,用于配备大量天线的接收机,例如毫米波通信系统。本文研究了在单流传输和快速衰落假设下,大型天线阵列中带脉冲调幅(PAM)的ED的性能边界。该分析利用信息理论工具和半数值方法来提供信息率的边界,这些边界分别在低信噪比和高信噪比(SNR)条件下被证明是紧密的。在星座规模一定的情况下,研究了天线数和信噪比对可实现信息率的影响。在此基础上,给出了自适应调制方案基数随信噪比和天线数的变化规律。
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引用次数: 6
Nonlinear spectral unmixing using residual component analysis and a Gamma Markov random field 利用残差分量分析和马尔科夫随机场的非线性光谱解混
Y. Altmann, M. Pereyra, S. Mclaughlin
This paper presents a new Bayesian nonlinear unmixing model for hyperspectral images. The proposed model represents pixel reflectances as linear mixtures of end-members, corrupted by an additional combination of nonlinear terms (with respect to the end-members) and additive Gaussian noise. A central contribution of this work is to use a Gamma Markov random field to capture the spatial structure and correlations of the nonlinear terms, and by doing so to improve significantly estimation performance. In order to perform hyperspectral image unmixing, the Gamma Markov random field is embedded in a hierarchical Bayesian model representing the image observation process and prior knowledge, followed by inference with a Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm that jointly estimates the model parameters of interest and marginalises latent variables. Simulations conducted with synthetic and real data show the accuracy of the proposed SU and nonlinearity estimation strategy for the analysis of hyperspectral images.
提出了一种新的高光谱图像贝叶斯非线性解混模型。所提出的模型将像素反射率表示为端元的线性混合,受到非线性项(相对于端元)和加性高斯噪声的额外组合的破坏。这项工作的一个核心贡献是使用伽玛马尔可夫随机场来捕获非线性项的空间结构和相关性,并通过这样做来显着提高估计性能。为了实现高光谱图像的解混,将Gamma马尔可夫随飞机嵌入到表示图像观测过程和先验知识的层次贝叶斯模型中,然后使用马尔可夫链蒙特卡罗算法进行推理,该算法联合估计感兴趣的模型参数并将潜在变量边缘化。用合成数据和实际数据进行了仿真,结果表明了所提出的SU和非线性估计策略在高光谱图像分析中的准确性。
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引用次数: 0
Sparse-based estimators improvement in case of Basis mismatch 基不匹配情况下基于稀疏估计的改进
Stephanie Bernhardt, R. Boyer, S. Marcos, P. Larzabal
Compressed sensing theory promises to sample sparse signals using a limited number of samples. It also resolves the problem of under-determined systems of linear equations when the unknown vector is sparse. Those promising applications induced a growing interest for this field in the past decade. In compressed sensing, the sparse signal estimation is performed using the knowledge of the dictionary used to sample the signal. However, dictionary mismatch often occurs in practical applications, in which case the estimation algorithm uses an uncertain dictionary knowledge. This mismatch introduces an estimation bias even when the noise is low and the support (i.e. location of non-zero amplitudes) is perfectly estimated. In this paper we consider that the dictionary suffers from a structured mismatch, this type of error being of particular interest in sparse estimation applications. We propose the Bias-Correction Estimator (BiCE) post-processing step which enhances the non-zero amplitude estimation of any sparse-based estimator in the presence of a structured dictionary mismatch. We give the theoretical Bayesian Mean Square Error of the proposed estimator and show its statistical efficiency in the low noise variance regime.
压缩感知理论承诺使用有限数量的样本对稀疏信号进行采样。它还解决了未知向量稀疏时的欠定线性方程组问题。在过去的十年中,这些有前景的应用引起了人们对这一领域越来越大的兴趣。在压缩感知中,使用用于采样信号的字典的知识来执行稀疏信号估计。然而,在实际应用中经常出现字典不匹配的情况,在这种情况下,估计算法使用不确定的字典知识。即使在噪声较低且支撑(即非零振幅的位置)被完美估计时,这种不匹配也会引入估计偏差。在本文中,我们考虑字典遭受结构化不匹配,这种类型的错误在稀疏估计应用中特别感兴趣。我们提出了偏差校正估计(Bias-Correction Estimator, BiCE)后处理步骤,该步骤增强了在存在结构化字典不匹配的情况下任何基于稀疏估计的非零幅度估计。给出了该估计器的理论贝叶斯均方误差,并展示了其在低噪声方差下的统计效率。
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引用次数: 0
EEG source localization based on a structured sparsity prior and a partially collapsed Gibbs sampler 基于结构稀疏先验和部分坍缩Gibbs采样器的脑电源定位
F. Costa, H. Batatia, T. Oberlin, J. Tourneret
In this paper, we propose a hierarchical Bayesian model approximating the ℓ20 mixed-norm regularization by a multivariate Bernoulli Laplace prior to solve the EEG inverse problem by promoting spatial structured sparsity. The posterior distribution of this model is too complex to derive closed-form expressions of the standard Bayesian estimators. An MCMC method is proposed to sample this posterior and estimate the model parameters from the generated samples. The algorithm is based on a partially collapsed Gibbs sampler and a dual dipole random shift proposal for the non-zero positions. The brain activity and all other model parameters are jointly estimated in a completely unsupervised framework. The results obtained on synthetic data with controlled ground truth show the good performance of the proposed method when compared to the ℓ21 approach in different scenarios, and its capacity to estimate point-like source activity.
本文提出了一种用多元伯努利拉普拉斯先验逼近l20混合范数正则化的层次贝叶斯模型,通过提高空间结构稀疏性来解决脑电逆问题。该模型的后验分布过于复杂,无法导出标准贝叶斯估计量的封闭表达式。提出了一种MCMC方法对该后验进行采样,并从生成的样本中估计模型参数。该算法基于部分坍缩的吉布斯采样器和非零位置的双偶极子随机移位建议。在完全无监督的框架下,对脑活动和所有其他模型参数进行联合估计。在控制地面真值的合成数据上得到的结果表明,该方法在不同场景下与l21方法相比具有良好的性能,具有估计点状震源活度的能力。
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引用次数: 4
Recursive hybrid CRB for Markovian systems with time-variant measurement parameters 具有时变测量参数的马尔可夫系统的递归混合CRB
J. Galy, A. Renaux, É. Chaumette, F. Vincent, P. Larzabal
In statistical signal processing, hybrid parameter estimation refers to the case where the parameters vector to estimate contains both deterministic and random parameters. Lately computationally tractable hybrid Cramér-Rao lower bounds for discrete-time Markovian dynamic systems depending on unknown time invariant deterministic parameters has been released. However in many applications (radar, sonar, telecoms, ...) the unknown deterministic parameters of the measurement model are time variant which prevents from using the aforementioned bounds. It is therefore the aim of this communication to tackle this issue by introducing new computationally tractable hybrid Cramér-Rao lower bounds.
在统计信号处理中,混合参数估计是指待估计的参数向量同时包含确定性参数和随机参数。最近,基于未知时不变确定性参数的离散马尔可夫动态系统给出了计算可处理的混合cram - rao下界。然而,在许多应用(雷达、声纳、电信等)中,测量模型的未知确定性参数是时变的,因此无法使用上述界限。因此,本文的目的是通过引入新的计算可处理的混合cram - rao下界来解决这个问题。
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引用次数: 3
Importance sampling strategy for non-convex randomized block-coordinate descent 非凸随机块坐标下降的重要性抽样策略
Rémi Flamary, A. Rakotomamonjy, G. Gasso
As the number of samples and dimensionality of optimization problems related to statistics and machine learning explode, block coordinate descent algorithms have gained popularity since they reduce the original problem to several smaller ones. Coordinates to be optimized are usually selected randomly according to a given probability distribution. We introduce an importance sampling strategy that helps randomized coordinate descent algorithms to focus on blocks that are still far from convergence. The framework applies to problems composed of the sum of two possibly non-convex terms, one being separable and non-smooth. We have compared our algorithm to a full gradient proximal approach as well as to a randomized block coordinate algorithm that considers uniform sampling and cyclic block coordinate descent. Experimental evidences show the clear benefit of using an importance sampling strategy.
随着与统计和机器学习相关的优化问题的样本数量和维数的爆炸式增长,块坐标下降算法因其将原始问题简化为几个较小的问题而受到欢迎。要优化的坐标通常是根据给定的概率分布随机选择的。我们引入了一种重要采样策略,帮助随机坐标下降算法专注于仍然远未收敛的块。该框架适用于由两个可能的非凸项和组成的问题,其中一个是可分离的非光滑项。我们将我们的算法与全梯度近端方法以及考虑均匀采样和循环块坐标下降的随机块坐标算法进行了比较。实验证据表明,使用重要抽样策略有明显的好处。
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引用次数: 2
Understanding big data spectral clustering 理解大数据光谱聚类
Romain Couillet, F. Benaych-Georges
This article introduces an original approach to understand the behavior of standard kernel spectral clustering algorithms (such as the Ng-Jordan-Weiss method) for large dimensional datasets. Precisely, using advanced methods from the field of random matrix theory and assuming Gaussian data vectors, we show that the Laplacian of the kernel matrix can asymptotically be well approximated by an analytically tractable equivalent random matrix. The study of the latter unveils the mechanisms into play and in particular the impact of the choice of the kernel function and some theoretical limits of the method. Despite our Gaussian assumption, we also observe that the predicted theoretical behavior is a close match to that experienced on real datasets (taken from the MNIST database).
本文介绍了一种理解标准核谱聚类算法(如Ng-Jordan-Weiss方法)对大维度数据集的行为的原始方法。准确地说,我们利用随机矩阵理论领域的先进方法,并假设高斯数据向量,证明了核矩阵的拉普拉斯矩阵可以被一个解析可处理的等效随机矩阵渐近地逼近。对后者的研究揭示了其作用机制,特别是核函数选择的影响以及该方法的一些理论局限性。尽管我们采用高斯假设,但我们也观察到预测的理论行为与实际数据集(取自MNIST数据库)的经验非常接近。
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引用次数: 3
Optimization of a Geman-McClure like criterion for sparse signal deconvolution 稀疏信号反褶积的一类Geman-McClure准则优化
M. Castella, J. Pesquet
This paper deals with the problem of recovering a sparse unknown signal from a set of observations. The latter are obtained by convolution of the original signal and corruption with additive noise. We tackle the problem by minimizing a least-squares fit criterion penalized by a Geman-McClure like potential. The resulting criterion is a rational function, which makes it possible to formulate its minimization as a generalized problem of moments for which a hierarchy of semidefinite programming relaxations can be proposed. These convex relaxations yield a monotone sequence of values which converges to the global optimum. To overcome the computational limitations due to the large number of involved variables, a stochastic block-coordinate descent method is proposed. The algorithm has been implemented and shows promising results.
本文研究了从一组观测数据中恢复稀疏未知信号的问题。后者是由原始信号的卷积和加性噪声的破坏得到的。我们通过最小化一个最小二乘拟合标准来解决这个问题,这个标准被一个类似于杰曼-麦克卢尔的势所惩罚。所得到的判据是一个有理函数,这使得它有可能将其最小化表述为一个广义矩问题,对于这个矩问题可以提出一个半定规划松弛的层次。这些凸松弛产生一个收敛于全局最优值的单调序列。为了克服随机块坐标下降法中涉及的变量数量多的局限性,提出了一种随机块坐标下降法。该算法已经实现,并显示出良好的效果。
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引用次数: 10
Tensor decomposition exploiting structural constraints for brain source imaging 利用脑源成像结构约束的张量分解
H. Becker, A. Karfoul, L. Albera, R. Gribonval, J. Fleureau, P. Guillotel, A. Kachenoura, L. Senhadji, I. Merlet
The separation of Electroencephalography (EEG) sources is a typical application of tensor decompositions in biomedical engineering. The objective of most approaches studied in the literature consists in providing separate spatial maps and time signatures for the identified sources. However, for some applications, a precise localization of each source is required. To achieve this, a two-step approach has been proposed. The idea of this approach is to separate the sources using the canonical polyadic decomposition in the first step and to employ the results of the tensor decomposition to estimate distributed sources in the second step, using the so-called disk algorithm. In this paper, we propose to combine the tensor decomposition and the source localization in a single step. To this end, we directly impose structural constraints, which are based on a priori information on the possible source locations, on the factor matrix of spatial characteristics. The resulting optimization problem is solved using the alternating direction method of multipliers, which is incorporated in the alternating least squares tensor decomposition algorithm. Realistic simulations with epileptic EEG data confirm that the proposed single-step source localization approach outperforms the previously developed two-step approach.
脑电图源分离是张量分解在生物医学工程中的典型应用。文献中研究的大多数方法的目的在于为已识别的来源提供单独的空间地图和时间签名。然而,对于某些应用,需要对每个源进行精确定位。为实现这一目标,提出了一个两步走的办法。这种方法的思想是在第一步中使用正则多进分解来分离源,并在第二步中使用所谓的磁盘算法来使用张量分解的结果来估计分布源。在本文中,我们提出将张量分解和源定位在一个步骤中结合起来。为此,我们直接在空间特征因子矩阵上施加基于可能源位置先验信息的结构约束。将乘法器的交替方向法引入到交替最小二乘张量分解算法中,求解得到的优化问题。对癫痫脑电图数据的仿真结果表明,单步定位方法优于两步定位方法。
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引用次数: 6
ℓ0-optimization for channel and DOA sparse estimation 信道和DOA稀疏估计的l0优化
Adilson Chinatto, Emmanuel Soubies, C. Junqueira, J. Romano, P. Larzabal, J. Barbot, L. Blanc-Féraud
This paper is devoted to two classical sparse problems in array processing: Channel estimation and DOA estimation. It is shown after some background and some recent results in ℓ0 optimization how this latter can be used, at the same computational cost, in order to obtain improvement in comparison with ℓ1 optimization for sparse estimation.
本文研究了阵列处理中的两个经典稀疏问题:信道估计和DOA估计。在介绍了一些背景知识和最近的一些结果之后,我们展示了如何在相同的计算成本下使用后者,以获得与稀疏估计的1优化相比的改进。
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引用次数: 5
期刊
2015 IEEE 6th International Workshop on Computational Advances in Multi-Sensor Adaptive Processing (CAMSAP)
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