The myocardial blood supply changes, leading to myocardial ischemia deserve deep understanding. They could be on different levels: epicardial arteries, microcirculation or both. Along with the anatomical findings, the functional assessment of coronary vessels is a key moment in making the decision for the type of treatment and the need for coronary revascularization. Together with the established methods for functional assessment of coronary circulation, new technologies nowadays have been applied in the clinical practice. The trends for future development are methods not using myocardial hyperemia, an attempt for functional assessment on the basis of invasive on noninvasive imaging technics and stronger attention to the microcirculatory dysfunction. The new achievements in that direction are on the focus of the current review.
{"title":"Coronary physiology – the news from the last year","authors":"P. Gatzov","doi":"10.3897/icf.3.e108803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/icf.3.e108803","url":null,"abstract":"The myocardial blood supply changes, leading to myocardial ischemia deserve deep understanding. They could be on different levels: epicardial arteries, microcirculation or both. Along with the anatomical findings, the functional assessment of coronary vessels is a key moment in making the decision for the type of treatment and the need for coronary revascularization. Together with the established methods for functional assessment of coronary circulation, new technologies nowadays have been applied in the clinical practice. The trends for future development are methods not using myocardial hyperemia, an attempt for functional assessment on the basis of invasive on noninvasive imaging technics and stronger attention to the microcirculatory dysfunction. The new achievements in that direction are on the focus of the current review.","PeriodicalId":223728,"journal":{"name":"Interventional Cardiology Forum","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130960140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jean-Jacques Monsuez, Пламен Гацов, Игнасио Ферейра-Гонзалес, Fernando Alfonso
Коронарни интервенции 2021: обзор от списанията на националните дружества по кардиология към Европейското дружество по кардиология
{"title":"Коронарни интервенции 2021: обзор от списанията на националните дружества по кардиология към Европейското дружество по кардиология","authors":"Jean-Jacques Monsuez, Пламен Гацов, Игнасио Ферейра-Гонзалес, Fernando Alfonso","doi":"10.3897/icf.3.e104121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/icf.3.e104121","url":null,"abstract":"Коронарни интервенции 2021: обзор от списанията на националните дружества по кардиология към Европейското дружество по кардиология","PeriodicalId":223728,"journal":{"name":"Interventional Cardiology Forum","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116447527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Susanna Price, Juan Carlos Kaski, R. Al-Lamee, William Boden, Kurt Huber, Jason Katz, Konstantin Krychtiuk
Сърдечно-съдовата медицина през 2022 г.: най-добрите 10 статии за спешните състояния в кардиологията и исхемичната болест на сърцето
2022 年的心血管医学：心脏病学和缺血性心脏病急症方面的十大文章
{"title":"Сърдечно-съдовата медицина през 2022 г.: най-добрите 10 статии за спешните състояния в кардиологията и исхемичната болест на сърцето","authors":"Susanna Price, Juan Carlos Kaski, R. Al-Lamee, William Boden, Kurt Huber, Jason Katz, Konstantin Krychtiuk","doi":"10.3897/icf.3.e104187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/icf.3.e104187","url":null,"abstract":"Сърдечно-съдовата медицина през 2022 г.: най-добрите 10 статии за спешните състояния в кардиологията и исхемичната болест на сърцето","PeriodicalId":223728,"journal":{"name":"Interventional Cardiology Forum","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128721008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The first TAVI implantation was performed in 2002 by Cribier and colleagues. From then, we have seen significant progress in technology, with the appearance of new generations – lower-profile, longer-lasting and more stable during positioning TAVI prostheses. The present publication presents single-center results and experience with TAVI procedures over an eight-year period. During the period 2013 – November 2022 a total of 354 TAVI procedures were performed in Acibadem City Clinical Cardiovascular Center. Two operating strategies are used – standard and minimalist approach. From the first procedure in 2013 until mid-2018 the standard approach (surgical vascular access, general anesthesia, direct valve implantation where possible) was mostly used. Then, the minimalist approach (percutaneous access, no intubation anesthesia, mandatory valve predilation and use of rapid pacing) was introduced as a standard approach in the center.
{"title":"Eight-year single-center experience with transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI)","authors":"I. Petrov, Z. Stankov, P. Polomski, D. Boychev","doi":"10.3897/icf.2.e98590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/icf.2.e98590","url":null,"abstract":"The first TAVI implantation was performed in 2002 by Cribier and colleagues. From then, we have seen significant progress in technology, with the appearance of new generations – lower-profile, longer-lasting and more stable during positioning TAVI prostheses. The present publication presents single-center results and experience with TAVI procedures over an eight-year period. During the period 2013 – November 2022 a total of 354 TAVI procedures were performed in Acibadem City Clinical Cardiovascular Center. Two operating strategies are used – standard and minimalist approach. From the first procedure in 2013 until mid-2018 the standard approach (surgical vascular access, general anesthesia, direct valve implantation where possible) was mostly used. Then, the minimalist approach (percutaneous access, no intubation anesthesia, mandatory valve predilation and use of rapid pacing) was introduced as a standard approach in the center.","PeriodicalId":223728,"journal":{"name":"Interventional Cardiology Forum","volume":"63 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123177937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bow Hunter‘s Syndrome (BHS) is a mechanical compression of the vertebral artery during head rotation, leading to partial disruption or complete interruption of the blood flow of the affected artery, causing vertebrobasilar vascular insufficiency. There are no established precise diagnostic and therapeutic behavioral algorithms in patients with BHS. I present a case of an 80-year-old woman with syncopal symptoms, in which a dynamic stenosis of the dominant left vertebral artery was diagnosed, and the same artery originates from the aortic arch with a separate ostium.
{"title":"Clinical case of Bow Hunter's Syndrome","authors":"N. Ivanov","doi":"10.3897/icf.2.e94644","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/icf.2.e94644","url":null,"abstract":"Bow Hunter‘s Syndrome (BHS) is a mechanical compression of the vertebral artery during head rotation, leading to partial disruption or complete interruption of the blood flow of the affected artery, causing vertebrobasilar vascular insufficiency. There are no established precise diagnostic and therapeutic behavioral algorithms in patients with BHS. I present a case of an 80-year-old woman with syncopal symptoms, in which a dynamic stenosis of the dominant left vertebral artery was diagnosed, and the same artery originates from the aortic arch with a separate ostium.","PeriodicalId":223728,"journal":{"name":"Interventional Cardiology Forum","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130180882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
To solve any problem, first of all we need to know it in details. The entity of myocardial ischemia is a deep deterioration in metabolic processes and function of cardiomyocytes, because of lack of oxygen supply. The diagnostic process of patients with chronic coronary syndrome includes myocardial ischemia provocation with stress tests. Next steps are the ischemic myocardium amount estimation, the exact cause оf ischemia revealing: the epicardial coronary arteries, micro vessels or both. The last step is the decision of method of treatment and its implementation. The realization of all that steps takes time and efforts, but is absolutely obligatory for exact assessment of patient with myocardial ischemia. The description and details of every one of those steps are the aims of this review.
{"title":"Complete estamation of patient with myocardial ischemia","authors":"P. Gatzov","doi":"10.3897/icf.2.e95002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/icf.2.e95002","url":null,"abstract":"To solve any problem, first of all we need to know it in details. The entity of myocardial ischemia is a deep deterioration in metabolic processes and function of cardiomyocytes, because of lack of oxygen supply. The diagnostic process of patients with chronic coronary syndrome includes myocardial ischemia provocation with stress tests. Next steps are the ischemic myocardium amount estimation, the exact cause оf ischemia revealing: the epicardial coronary arteries, micro vessels or both. The last step is the decision of method of treatment and its implementation. The realization of all that steps takes time and efforts, but is absolutely obligatory for exact assessment of patient with myocardial ischemia. The description and details of every one of those steps are the aims of this review.","PeriodicalId":223728,"journal":{"name":"Interventional Cardiology Forum","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128056983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pulmonary artery aneurysms (PAAs) are rare with non-specific clinical presentation but may lead to serious complications such as pulmonary artery dissection, rupture and compression of the left main coronary artery (LMCA). Their complications and PAA association with pulmonary hypertension lead to significant morbidity and mortality. The standard treatment strategy is surgical correction of the aneurysm, however percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with clinically significant compression of the LMCA, due to PAA should be considered as a possible treatment approach. In this article, we present a case report of a 73-year-old with polymorbidity, presenting with an acute coronary syndrome, caused by extrinsic compression of the LMCA by PAA. Due to the high surgical risk, we adopted an endovascular approach with stenting of the compressed LMCA with successful restoration of the blood flow and clinical stabilization. In this case, a percutaneous coronary intervention proved to be a safe and effective treatment option for selected patients, who are at high operative risk.
{"title":"Compression of the left main coronary artery by a pulmonary artery aneurysm – treated with endovascular approach","authors":"Z. Stankov, S. Vasilev, I. Petrov","doi":"10.3897/icf.2.e89266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/icf.2.e89266","url":null,"abstract":"Pulmonary artery aneurysms (PAAs) are rare with non-specific clinical presentation but may lead to serious complications such as pulmonary artery dissection, rupture and compression of the left main coronary artery (LMCA). Their complications and PAA association with pulmonary hypertension lead to significant morbidity and mortality. The standard treatment strategy is surgical correction of the aneurysm, however percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with clinically significant compression of the LMCA, due to PAA should be considered as a possible treatment approach. In this article, we present a case report of a 73-year-old with polymorbidity, presenting with an acute coronary syndrome, caused by extrinsic compression of the LMCA by PAA. Due to the high surgical risk, we adopted an endovascular approach with stenting of the compressed LMCA with successful restoration of the blood flow and clinical stabilization. In this case, a percutaneous coronary intervention proved to be a safe and effective treatment option for selected patients, who are at high operative risk. ","PeriodicalId":223728,"journal":{"name":"Interventional Cardiology Forum","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128835513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-Cov-2) pandemic has spread rapidly worldwide with 314 million infected and 5 million deceased worldwide (as of December 2021). SARS-Cov-2 has been shown to not only cause viral pneumonia, but also to lead to serious effects on the cardiovascular system. It has been proven that COVID-19 can be complicated by the Acute Coronary Syndrome through plaque rupture, vasospasm or microthrombi due to systemic inflammation or cytokine storm. An additional role is played by the hyperimmune response as well as the endothelial dysfunction, which contribute to the hypercoagulable state. Тhere is a strong possibility that the high inflammatory load is the cause of de novo coronary lesions. We present a clinical case of a 53-year-old man presenting with toxico-infectious syndrome, angina and dyspnea. Conducted paraclinical and clinical studies showed acut coronary syndrome without ST-elevation, left ventricular thrombosis, active SARS-CoV-2 infection and bilateral interstitial pneumonia. The patient was treated with percutaneous coronary intervention of LAD with drug-eluting stent, anticoagulant therapy, dual antiplatelet and anti-inflamatory therapy, beta blocker and ACE-inhibitor. On the 4th day of hospitalization the patient realized Left Middle Cerebral Artery Stroke. Our clinical case demonstrates unique prothromobotic properties of SARS-CoV-2, due to different mechanisms and complicated by thromboembolic events.
{"title":"Acute coronary syndrome and ischemic stroke in the course of COVID-19 infection","authors":"I. Tasheva, S. Kafalieva","doi":"10.3897/icf.2.e82491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/icf.2.e82491","url":null,"abstract":"The Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-Cov-2) pandemic has spread rapidly worldwide with 314 million infected and 5 million deceased worldwide (as of December 2021). SARS-Cov-2 has been shown to not only cause viral pneumonia, but also to lead to serious effects on the cardiovascular system. It has been proven that COVID-19 can be complicated by the Acute Coronary Syndrome through plaque rupture, vasospasm or microthrombi due to systemic inflammation or cytokine storm. An additional role is played by the hyperimmune response as well as the endothelial dysfunction, which contribute to the hypercoagulable state. Тhere is a strong possibility that the high inflammatory load is the cause of de novo coronary lesions. We present a clinical case of a 53-year-old man presenting with toxico-infectious syndrome, angina and dyspnea. Conducted paraclinical and clinical studies showed acut coronary syndrome without ST-elevation, left ventricular thrombosis, active SARS-CoV-2 infection and bilateral interstitial pneumonia. The patient was treated with percutaneous coronary intervention of LAD with drug-eluting stent, anticoagulant therapy, dual antiplatelet and anti-inflamatory therapy, beta blocker and ACE-inhibitor. On the 4th day of hospitalization the patient realized Left Middle Cerebral Artery Stroke. Our clinical case demonstrates unique prothromobotic properties of SARS-CoV-2, due to different mechanisms and complicated by thromboembolic events.","PeriodicalId":223728,"journal":{"name":"Interventional Cardiology Forum","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126570177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Пламен Гацов, В. Велчев, Б. Финков, Николай Стоянов
Представяме случай на 80-годишна жена с исхемична болест на сърцето, която в продължение на няколко седмици преминава от състояние на високостепенна митрална регургитация в състояние на практически липсваща такава и обратно, без ясна връзка с клиничните ѝ оплаквания. Обсъждат се възможните диференциални диагнози и избраният терапевтичен подход към пациентката.
{"title":"Kлиничен случай на преходна високостепенна митрална недостатъчност","authors":"Пламен Гацов, В. Велчев, Б. Финков, Николай Стоянов","doi":"10.3897/icf.2.e85478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/icf.2.e85478","url":null,"abstract":"Представяме случай на 80-годишна жена с исхемична болест на сърцето, която в продължение на няколко седмици преминава от състояние на високостепенна митрална регургитация в състояние на практически липсваща такава и обратно, без ясна връзка с клиничните ѝ оплаквания. Обсъждат се възможните диференциални диагнози и избраният терапевтичен подход към пациентката.","PeriodicalId":223728,"journal":{"name":"Interventional Cardiology Forum","volume":"331 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123031174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Вертебро-базиларната система (ВБС) играе съществена роля в кръвоснабдяването на жизнено важни структури на нервната система. Като част от Вилизиевия кръг, тя допринася за големите компенсаторни възможности на мозъчната циркулация при някои хемодинамични нарушения. От друга страна, някои патологичните процеси, засягащи ВБС, могат да бъдат фатални или да доведат до тежки увреди и функционални дефицити при пациента. Множеството вариетети и аномалии на ВБС са честа причина за хемодинамични нарушения и съдово засягане от болестни процеси като атеросклерозата. Доброто познаване на вариететите, както и на анатомията ни позволяват да разберем патофизиологията и патогенезата на тези нарушения, което заедно с характерната клинична изява спомага за по-бързото и точно поставяне на диагнозата. Това стои в основата на започване на правилно лечение.
{"title":"Анатомия, дизонтогенеза, патофизиология и патогенеза на болестите на вертебробазиларните артерии","authors":"Николай Иванов","doi":"10.3897/icf.2.e80540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3897/icf.2.e80540","url":null,"abstract":"Вертебро-базиларната система (ВБС) играе съществена роля в кръвоснабдяването на жизнено важни структури на нервната система. Като част от Вилизиевия кръг, тя допринася за големите компенсаторни възможности на мозъчната циркулация при някои хемодинамични нарушения. От друга страна, някои патологичните процеси, засягащи ВБС, могат да бъдат фатални или да доведат до тежки увреди и функционални дефицити при пациента. Множеството вариетети и аномалии на ВБС са честа причина за хемодинамични нарушения и съдово засягане от болестни процеси като атеросклерозата. Доброто познаване на вариететите, както и на анатомията ни позволяват да разберем патофизиологията и патогенезата на тези нарушения, което заедно с характерната клинична изява спомага за по-бързото и точно поставяне на диагнозата. Това стои в основата на започване на правилно лечение.","PeriodicalId":223728,"journal":{"name":"Interventional Cardiology Forum","volume":"109 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114901562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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