The article examines, assesses, and analyses various types of fuels used in shipping. between the ports of Varna and Rotterdam. In order to determine the fuel that generates the least amount of carbon dioxide and is cost-effective, various types of traditional marine fuels and those that are yet to be introduced into operation have been considered. The advantages and disadvantages of bunkering, transporting, and storing various types of alternative marine fuels have been defined. The analysis shows that the lowest carbon dioxide emissions are generated when using alternative biofuels such as methanol and methane. Furthermore, if HVO fuel, which has not yet gained widespread use in shipping, is employed, emissions will be reduced by approximately 90%. From an economic perspective, methane and methanol have the lowest cost per ton of fuel compared to HVO, which is about four times higher in comparison to methane and methanol. Considering the IMO regulations for reducing harmful emissions into the atmosphere, HVO appears to be the future fuel that will normalize its prices.
{"title":"Reduction of Shipping Greenhouse Emission by Alternative Fuels Used","authors":"Yordan Denev","doi":"10.55549/epstem.1406764","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55549/epstem.1406764","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines, assesses, and analyses various types of fuels used in shipping. between the ports of Varna and Rotterdam. In order to determine the fuel that generates the least amount of carbon dioxide and is cost-effective, various types of traditional marine fuels and those that are yet to be introduced into operation have been considered. The advantages and disadvantages of bunkering, transporting, and storing various types of alternative marine fuels have been defined. The analysis shows that the lowest carbon dioxide emissions are generated when using alternative biofuels such as methanol and methane. Furthermore, if HVO fuel, which has not yet gained widespread use in shipping, is employed, emissions will be reduced by approximately 90%. From an economic perspective, methane and methanol have the lowest cost per ton of fuel compared to HVO, which is about four times higher in comparison to methane and methanol. Considering the IMO regulations for reducing harmful emissions into the atmosphere, HVO appears to be the future fuel that will normalize its prices.","PeriodicalId":22384,"journal":{"name":"The Eurasia Proceedings of Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics","volume":"43 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139158850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Suheda Gokbudak, Emir Enes Tas, Onur Ozer, Veysel Tilegi
{"title":"Detecting Litter in Street Sweepers Using Deep Learning","authors":"Suheda Gokbudak, Emir Enes Tas, Onur Ozer, Veysel Tilegi","doi":"10.55549/epstem.1406224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55549/epstem.1406224","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":22384,"journal":{"name":"The Eurasia Proceedings of Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139158957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nuc1ear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and imaging arexarguab1y the most versati1e techniques use in biomedica1 research today. NMR spectroscopy is a powerfu1 and theoretica1 ana1ytica1 too1s. Since the deve1opment of NMR spectroscopy it is has become a very important too1s in the fie1d of medicine because of it being safer than the X-ray crysta11ography which has radiation effects on the human body. The most attractive features of NMR techniques are the wide range of bio1ogica1 processes that can be investigated using these methods and the variety and versati1ity of the specific MR techniques that can be app1ied. diagnosis of diseases. With the advent of computer programme, different computer programme has a1so being deve1oped for NMR spectroscopy for performing different ana1ysis on how e1ectromagnetic radiation interact with various form of matter. This research perform NMR ana1ysis of different tissue in the human body using Originpro. The research investigates various tissues of the human body, with the aid of Bloch flow equation the research obtained the transverse magnetization equation that was used for the tranverse magnetization map for the different tissues. Three different relaxation times consider for the different biological tissues are 0.5 T, 1.0 T and 1.5 T. The transverse magnetization for the various tissues are ca1cu1ated at different magnetic f1ux density, at range of 0-0.02 seconds and a length for the tissues were in the range of 4.5x10-12 to 4.5x10-m. The result shows that transverse magnetization was greater at 0.5 T for the tissues considered at the range of 4.5x10-12 to 4.5x10-5 m.
核磁共振（NMR）光谱和成像是当今生物医学研究中应用最广泛的技术。核磁共振波谱是一种功能强大的理论分析技术。自核磁共振波谱技术发展以来，它已成为医学领域中一项非常重要的技术，因为它比对人体有辐射影响的 X 射线冷冻成像技术更安全。核磁共振技术最吸引人的特点是，使用这些方法可以研究广泛的生物1 学1 过程，而且可以应用多种多样的特定核磁共振技术来诊断疾病。随着计算机程序的出现，人们还开发了不同的核磁共振光谱计算机程序，用于对电磁辐射如何与各种物质相互作用进行不同的分析。这项研究使用 Originpro 对人体的不同组织进行核磁共振分析。研究调查了人体的各种组织，借助布洛赫流动方程获得了横向磁化方程，用于绘制不同组织的横向磁化图。不同生物组织的三种不同弛豫时间分别为 0.5 T、1.0 T 和 1.5 T。不同组织的横向磁化是在不同磁通密度、0-0.02 秒和组织长度为 4.5x10-12 到 4.5x10-m 的范围内进行计算的。结果表明，在 0.5 T 时，4.5x10-12 至 4.5x10-5 m 范围内的组织的横向磁化较大。
{"title":"Numerical Computation of NMR Magnetization for Various Tissues in the Human Body Using Oringinpro","authors":"Bilyaminu Usman, Ahmed Jimoh","doi":"10.55549/epstem.1404322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55549/epstem.1404322","url":null,"abstract":"Nuc1ear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and imaging arexarguab1y the most versati1e techniques use in biomedica1 research today. NMR spectroscopy is a powerfu1 and theoretica1 ana1ytica1 too1s. Since the deve1opment of NMR spectroscopy it is has become a very important too1s in the fie1d of medicine because of it being safer than the X-ray crysta11ography which has radiation effects on the human body. The most attractive features of NMR techniques are the wide range of bio1ogica1 processes that can be investigated using these methods and the variety and versati1ity of the specific MR techniques that can be app1ied. diagnosis of diseases. With the advent of computer programme, different computer programme has a1so being deve1oped for NMR spectroscopy for performing different ana1ysis on how e1ectromagnetic radiation interact with various form of matter. This research perform NMR ana1ysis of different tissue in the human body using Originpro. The research investigates various tissues of the human body, with the aid of Bloch flow equation the research obtained the transverse magnetization equation that was used for the tranverse magnetization map for the different tissues. Three different relaxation times consider for the different biological tissues are 0.5 T, 1.0 T and 1.5 T. The transverse magnetization for the various tissues are ca1cu1ated at different magnetic f1ux density, at range of 0-0.02 seconds and a length for the tissues were in the range of 4.5x10-12 to 4.5x10-m. The result shows that transverse magnetization was greater at 0.5 T for the tissues considered at the range of 4.5x10-12 to 4.5x10-5 m.","PeriodicalId":22384,"journal":{"name":"The Eurasia Proceedings of Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139159056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present work is a contribution in understanding the effect of quenching and tempering of C22 steel on the tool life of twist high speed steel (HSS) grade drill bits. Experimental investigation has been conducted on annealed and tempered steel according to the planning methodology (L8). The input parameters are cutting regime elements (cutting speed, feed rate and drill diameter) and the output parameter is the tool wear related to tool life. Beyond, the common behavior that suggests that when the feed rate on tool life increases the tool life increases, the most interesting phenomenon is the controversial effect of the cutting speed when drilling the steel in tempered condition. The objective of this contribution then to in make in evidence the benefit effect of quench hardening on drill tool life through exploratory chip microstructure observations.
{"title":"Quenching: An Improvement Factor of HSS Twist Drill Tool-Life When Machining C22 Steel","authors":"N. Mokas, S. Tekili, Y. Khadri","doi":"10.55549/epstem.1406756","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55549/epstem.1406756","url":null,"abstract":"The present work is a contribution in understanding the effect of quenching and tempering of C22 steel on the tool life of twist high speed steel (HSS) grade drill bits. Experimental investigation has been conducted on annealed and tempered steel according to the planning methodology (L8). The input parameters are cutting regime elements (cutting speed, feed rate and drill diameter) and the output parameter is the tool wear related to tool life. Beyond, the common behavior that suggests that when the feed rate on tool life increases the tool life increases, the most interesting phenomenon is the controversial effect of the cutting speed when drilling the steel in tempered condition. The objective of this contribution then to in make in evidence the benefit effect of quench hardening on drill tool life through exploratory chip microstructure observations.","PeriodicalId":22384,"journal":{"name":"The Eurasia Proceedings of Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139159257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zeynep Baysal, Hamide Ozyurek, Ali Ozarslan, Serdar Çelik
{"title":"The Role of Internet of Things, Machine Learning, Artificial Neural Networks and Industry 5.0 in Business Research: Trends and Future Insights","authors":"Zeynep Baysal, Hamide Ozyurek, Ali Ozarslan, Serdar Çelik","doi":"10.55549/epstem.1406217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55549/epstem.1406217","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":22384,"journal":{"name":"The Eurasia Proceedings of Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics","volume":"45 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139159286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Receiving the power emitted from the base station by smart phones and providing effective signaling is seen as a very critical problem. In order to eliminate this situation, some antenna technologies have been developed and started to be used in smart devices. The smart phones, which were developed by adhering to the DRx (Diversity Receive) design scheme, best perceived the signals emitted from the base station, thus increasing the Rx performance of the developed products. Typical integrated (total) surface metrics include Total Radiated Power (TRP) and Total Isotropic Sensitivity (TIS). TIS and TRP metrics have become increasingly important for carriers, because a TRP measurements used to verify your transmitter or transmitter antenna design. A TIS measurement used to verify how your receiver or receiver antenna design performs. In this study, we aimed to determine the Rx performance of the DRx scheme used in smartphones by using 3D radiation test setup (TIS - Total Isotropic Sensitivity).
{"title":"The Effects of the Use of DRx Antenna Structure on the Rx Performance of Smartphones","authors":"Emirhan Aydin, Ramiz Erdem Aykac, Tekin Akpolat","doi":"10.55549/epstem.1406762","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55549/epstem.1406762","url":null,"abstract":"Receiving the power emitted from the base station by smart phones and providing effective signaling is seen as a very critical problem. In order to eliminate this situation, some antenna technologies have been developed and started to be used in smart devices. The smart phones, which were developed by adhering to the DRx (Diversity Receive) design scheme, best perceived the signals emitted from the base station, thus increasing the Rx performance of the developed products. Typical integrated (total) surface metrics include Total Radiated Power (TRP) and Total Isotropic Sensitivity (TIS). TIS and TRP metrics have become increasingly important for carriers, because a TRP measurements used to verify your transmitter or transmitter antenna design. A TIS measurement used to verify how your receiver or receiver antenna design performs. In this study, we aimed to determine the Rx performance of the DRx scheme used in smartphones by using 3D radiation test setup (TIS - Total Isotropic Sensitivity).","PeriodicalId":22384,"journal":{"name":"The Eurasia Proceedings of Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139159535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigation of Total Phenolic, Flavonoid Content and Antioxidant Activity of Onobrychis Megataphros Leaf Extract","authors":"Salih Muvakit, Mehmet Ozaslan","doi":"10.55549/epstem.1403006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55549/epstem.1403006","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":22384,"journal":{"name":"The Eurasia Proceedings of Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139159662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The development of information systems raised the quality of decision-making, significantly impacting businesses' organizational performance. To evaluate this impact, the current research aimed to investigate the relationship between information systems (IS) success factors, decision-making quality (DMQ), and organizational performance (OP). A quantitative research approach was adopted, and a survey was sent to 163 decision-makers who use information systems in business firms. The study model was evaluated using PLS-SEM. The study's empirical results indicated that information quality (IQ) significantly positively impacted decision-making quality (DMQ). However, system quality (SQ) did not affect decision-making quality (DMQ). Furthermore, information quality (IQ) was found to mediate the relationship between system quality (SQ) and organizational performance (OP). Finally, the decision-making quality (DMQ) was found to moderate the relationship between information quality (IQ), system quality (SQ), and organizational performance (OP). This study provided field practitioners with important recommendations and future work to evaluate the impact of information systems (ISs) impact on organizational performance (OP).
{"title":"Investigating the Effect of Information Systems and Decision Quality on Organizational Performance in Business Firms","authors":"Ahmad NABOT","doi":"10.55549/epstem.1374912","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55549/epstem.1374912","url":null,"abstract":"The development of information systems raised the quality of decision-making, significantly impacting businesses' organizational performance. To evaluate this impact, the current research aimed to investigate the relationship between information systems (IS) success factors, decision-making quality (DMQ), and organizational performance (OP). A quantitative research approach was adopted, and a survey was sent to 163 decision-makers who use information systems in business firms. The study model was evaluated using PLS-SEM. The study's empirical results indicated that information quality (IQ) significantly positively impacted decision-making quality (DMQ). However, system quality (SQ) did not affect decision-making quality (DMQ). Furthermore, information quality (IQ) was found to mediate the relationship between system quality (SQ) and organizational performance (OP). Finally, the decision-making quality (DMQ) was found to moderate the relationship between information quality (IQ), system quality (SQ), and organizational performance (OP). This study provided field practitioners with important recommendations and future work to evaluate the impact of information systems (ISs) impact on organizational performance (OP).","PeriodicalId":22384,"journal":{"name":"The Eurasia Proceedings of Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136112507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Friction stir processing (FSP) is one of the solid-state processing technique that has gained significant attention from researchers and engineers for fabricating composites. Bobbin tool friction stir processing (BTFSP) is a novel version of conventional FSP. In the present paper, 6 mm thick plates of Al-Mg-Si (6061Al –T6) were subjected to BTFSP and CFSP using B4C reinforcement particles for comparison. The reinforcement particle distribution and mechanical properties were investigated in the fabricated composites. Agglomeration was observed in BTFSP composites. The crack formation in the BTFSP was due to the absence of forging action, which deposited the B4C particles in the crack. CFSP composites obtained uniform distribution of the B4C particles at the top surface. The tilt of the tool in CFSP helped in effective forging action by the shoulder at the trailing edge. Micro-hardness results indicated improved hardness at the top surface for both the processed composites.
{"title":"Microstructure and Mechanical Properties Analysis of Al-6061/B4C Composites Fabricated by Conventional and Bobbin Tool Friction Stir Processing","authors":"Dhaivat DIVEKAR, Kishan FUSE, Vishvesh BADHEKA","doi":"10.55549/epstem.1363374","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55549/epstem.1363374","url":null,"abstract":"Friction stir processing (FSP) is one of the solid-state processing technique that has gained significant attention from researchers and engineers for fabricating composites. Bobbin tool friction stir processing (BTFSP) is a novel version of conventional FSP. In the present paper, 6 mm thick plates of Al-Mg-Si (6061Al –T6) were subjected to BTFSP and CFSP using B4C reinforcement particles for comparison. The reinforcement particle distribution and mechanical properties were investigated in the fabricated composites. Agglomeration was observed in BTFSP composites. The crack formation in the BTFSP was due to the absence of forging action, which deposited the B4C particles in the crack. CFSP composites obtained uniform distribution of the B4C particles at the top surface. The tilt of the tool in CFSP helped in effective forging action by the shoulder at the trailing edge. Micro-hardness results indicated improved hardness at the top surface for both the processed composites.","PeriodicalId":22384,"journal":{"name":"The Eurasia Proceedings of Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136113506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Effect of Clay Type, Fineness and Methylene Blue Value on Mini-Slump Performance of Cementitious Systems","authors":"Ali MARDANI, Neslihan CAPAROGLU, Oznur BIRICIK","doi":"10.55549/epstem.1374926","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55549/epstem.1374926","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":22384,"journal":{"name":"The Eurasia Proceedings of Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136113830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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