This practice-based research seeks to create a design-led strategy encouraging future development and sustainable design within a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The focus is the town of Belper in the Derwent Valley Mills WHS, an area currently under pressure from diverse and conflicting socioeconomic forces, in need of a coherent regeneration plan. It aims to contribute to such a plan, drawing from theoretical investigations of alternative urbanism and heritage studies, alongside extensive firsthand investigations of Belper and its surrounding industrial landscape as both a heritage site and living community. As an example of the pioneering period of the Industrial Revolution, Belper’s identity is defined by its overall form and its relationship to the industrial landscape. It is essential that these relationships are definite and recognisable. However, abandonment of large factory buildings and closure of many warehouses and garages have left behind vast, derelict land and a bizarre landscape that needs to be remediated. Recent proposals take a piecemeal design approach, focusing only on specific problem areas instead of generating an overarching strategy for the development of the town as an extension of Derwent Valley WHS. This research proposes an innovative approach that regards the site as a palimpsest, a concept based on alternative urban theories, which recognises, reinforces, and enhances the distinctive characteristics of the historic environment while upgrading it for the 21st century. This is achieved through extensive and focused research of the existing layers of the historic built environment and its cultural significance, the natural environment, the social landscape, and the economic forces competing over the above. Knitting together the new and the existing, the researchled design proposal seeks to repair and upgrade Belper’s existing urban grain by promoting appropriate and viable mixed-use development to enhance the life of the local community while respecting and recognising the heritage listing and wider countryside setting.
这项基于实践的研究旨在创建一个以设计为主导的战略，鼓励联合国教科文组织世界遗产地的未来发展和可持续设计。项目的重点是Derwent Valley Mills WHS的Belper镇，该地区目前面临着各种社会经济力量的压力，需要一个连贯的再生计划。它旨在通过对另类城市主义和遗产研究的理论调查，以及对作为遗产遗址和生活社区的Belper及其周围工业景观的广泛第一手调查，为这样的计划做出贡献。作为工业革命先驱时期的一个例子，Belper的身份是由它的整体形式和它与工业景观的关系来定义的。至关重要的是，这些关系是明确和可识别的。然而，大型厂房的废弃和许多仓库和车库的关闭，留下了大片被遗弃的土地和一个需要修复的奇异景观。最近的提案采用了零碎的设计方法，只关注特定的问题区域，而不是为城镇的发展制定一个总体战略，作为Derwent山谷WHS的延伸。本研究提出了一种创新的方法，将场地视为重写本，这是一种基于另类城市理论的概念，它承认、强化和增强了历史环境的鲜明特征，同时对其进行了21世纪的升级。这是通过对历史建筑环境的现有层次及其文化意义、自然环境、社会景观和经济力量的广泛而集中的研究来实现的。将新旧结合在一起，以研究为主导的设计方案旨在通过促进适当和可行的混合用途开发来修复和升级Belper现有的城市谷物，以提高当地社区的生活，同时尊重和认可遗产清单和更广泛的乡村环境。
{"title":"CREATING BALANCE BETWEEN TRANSFORMATION AND PRESERVATION WITHIN UNESCO WORLD HERITAGE SITES: A CASE STUDY OF BELPER, UK","authors":"Aslihan Caroupapoullé","doi":"10.2495/sc190351","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/sc190351","url":null,"abstract":"This practice-based research seeks to create a design-led strategy encouraging future development and sustainable design within a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The focus is the town of Belper in the Derwent Valley Mills WHS, an area currently under pressure from diverse and conflicting socioeconomic forces, in need of a coherent regeneration plan. It aims to contribute to such a plan, drawing from theoretical investigations of alternative urbanism and heritage studies, alongside extensive firsthand investigations of Belper and its surrounding industrial landscape as both a heritage site and living community. As an example of the pioneering period of the Industrial Revolution, Belper’s identity is defined by its overall form and its relationship to the industrial landscape. It is essential that these relationships are definite and recognisable. However, abandonment of large factory buildings and closure of many warehouses and garages have left behind vast, derelict land and a bizarre landscape that needs to be remediated. Recent proposals take a piecemeal design approach, focusing only on specific problem areas instead of generating an overarching strategy for the development of the town as an extension of Derwent Valley WHS. This research proposes an innovative approach that regards the site as a palimpsest, a concept based on alternative urban theories, which recognises, reinforces, and enhances the distinctive characteristics of the historic environment while upgrading it for the 21st century. This is achieved through extensive and focused research of the existing layers of the historic built environment and its cultural significance, the natural environment, the social landscape, and the economic forces competing over the above. Knitting together the new and the existing, the researchled design proposal seeks to repair and upgrade Belper’s existing urban grain by promoting appropriate and viable mixed-use development to enhance the life of the local community while respecting and recognising the heritage listing and wider countryside setting.","PeriodicalId":224230,"journal":{"name":"The Sustainable City XIII","volume":"230 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132488100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Urban transport has negative impacts on sustainability development in environmental, economic and social terms. The freight flows must be organized in such a way as to achieve sustainable development objectives through measures generating benefits and reducing costs on different levels of the supply chain. To promote sustainable urban logistics it is necessary to analyze the city development collecting the main data on the stakeholders behavior and planning actions for virtuous behavior to provide the best practices. The paper will focus on the rules about city logistics, considering the framework of the international and national goals to identify the way of transmission from one level to another. The rules processed at different territorial levels will show the absence of a well-defined link between one level and another and the voluntary choice of each administrative level to agree, or not, to the sustainable development process. The case of Calabria will be described. Calabria, achieving goals derived from the UN, the EU and by the Italian State, through planning tools, such as the Regional Transportation Plan (RTP) and the Economy and Finance Document of Calabria Region 2019–2021 (EFD), is an exemplary case of best practices. It is promoting and driving city logistics rules for implementation of sustainable development.
{"title":"PLANNING AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF URBAN LOGISTICS: FROM INTERNATIONAL GOALS TO REGIONAL REALIZATION","authors":"F. Russo, D. Pellicanò","doi":"10.2495/sc190061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/sc190061","url":null,"abstract":"Urban transport has negative impacts on sustainability development in environmental, economic and social terms. The freight flows must be organized in such a way as to achieve sustainable development objectives through measures generating benefits and reducing costs on different levels of the supply chain. To promote sustainable urban logistics it is necessary to analyze the city development collecting the main data on the stakeholders behavior and planning actions for virtuous behavior to provide the best practices. The paper will focus on the rules about city logistics, considering the framework of the international and national goals to identify the way of transmission from one level to another. The rules processed at different territorial levels will show the absence of a well-defined link between one level and another and the voluntary choice of each administrative level to agree, or not, to the sustainable development process. The case of Calabria will be described. Calabria, achieving goals derived from the UN, the EU and by the Italian State, through planning tools, such as the Regional Transportation Plan (RTP) and the Economy and Finance Document of Calabria Region 2019–2021 (EFD), is an exemplary case of best practices. It is promoting and driving city logistics rules for implementation of sustainable development.","PeriodicalId":224230,"journal":{"name":"The Sustainable City XIII","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115201383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Apartheid spatial planning policies resulted in the current urban form characterising South African cities. This is echoed in the unbalanced provision of bulk infrastructure, social services and facilities between affluent and previously disadvantaged areas. Cemeteries are one land use where these disparities are visible, in terms of their design, provision and management. In Johannesburg, the local government provides cemeteries, which are also classified as part of the heritage and institutional land uses. This classification limits the ability of cemeteries to function beyond their original role of burial, especially amidst shrinking land resources for future cemetery development, and other competing land uses. Cemeteries are planned, developed and managed in isolation without strategically connecting them to other open spaces, which reduces their potential to function collectively with other green spaces to add ecological value to the broader environment. By following a case study approach, this paper investigates institutional perceptions toward multifunctional cemeteries, and barriers that constrain their planning, provision and management in ways that are consistent with green infrastructure and sustainability principles. In-depth interviews were held with government officials as key respondents, to understand constraints of providing and managing multifunctional cemeteries. Officials’ cultural beliefs conflict with their role and the City’s broader goals of sustainability. The unsustainable design of old cemeteries, particularly in previously disadvantaged areas, is coupled with the ecological imbalances of greenery between these and affluent areas. Over the years, these spatial disparities have contributed to the negative resilience of cemeteries as they persist today.
{"title":"INSTITUTIONAL PERCEPTIONS AND BARRIERS TO MULTIFUNCTIONAL CEMETERIES","authors":"T. Leuta","doi":"10.2495/sc190031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/sc190031","url":null,"abstract":"Apartheid spatial planning policies resulted in the current urban form characterising South African cities. This is echoed in the unbalanced provision of bulk infrastructure, social services and facilities between affluent and previously disadvantaged areas. Cemeteries are one land use where these disparities are visible, in terms of their design, provision and management. In Johannesburg, the local government provides cemeteries, which are also classified as part of the heritage and institutional land uses. This classification limits the ability of cemeteries to function beyond their original role of burial, especially amidst shrinking land resources for future cemetery development, and other competing land uses. Cemeteries are planned, developed and managed in isolation without strategically connecting them to other open spaces, which reduces their potential to function collectively with other green spaces to add ecological value to the broader environment. By following a case study approach, this paper investigates institutional perceptions toward multifunctional cemeteries, and barriers that constrain their planning, provision and management in ways that are consistent with green infrastructure and sustainability principles. In-depth interviews were held with government officials as key respondents, to understand constraints of providing and managing multifunctional cemeteries. Officials’ cultural beliefs conflict with their role and the City’s broader goals of sustainability. The unsustainable design of old cemeteries, particularly in previously disadvantaged areas, is coupled with the ecological imbalances of greenery between these and affluent areas. Over the years, these spatial disparities have contributed to the negative resilience of cemeteries as they persist today.","PeriodicalId":224230,"journal":{"name":"The Sustainable City XIII","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114496252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper is focused on urban industrial abandoned wild landscapes which have experienced structural changes, and where abandonment triggered a natural vegetation succession process, as well as fauna’s progressive reoccupation. Due to such natural regeneration, abandoned wild landscapes have high biodiversity and ecological value and have been gaining attention from the scientific and planning communities. In the Chinese context, abandoned wild landscapes are frequently contested and subsumed into various utilitarian discourses regarding redevelopment or erasure, leading to an underestimation of their ecological value in urban contexts. Through reviewing academic literature, this paper explores abandoned wild landscapes in terms of the ecological value they encompass and related benefits for both sustainable urban development and ecological pressure. Moreover, this study also presents an overview of the causes of abandoned wild landscapes in different world contexts and analyses their controversy in China. The paper concludes by advocating that abandoned wild landscapes do have ecological values worthy of further understanding and appreciation, due to their potentially vital role in the ecosystems of contemporary Chinese cities.
{"title":"ECOLOGICAL VALUE OF ABANDONED WILD LANDSCAPES IN CHINESE CITIES","authors":"Xinlei Hu, M. Francisca Lima","doi":"10.2495/sc190301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/sc190301","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is focused on urban industrial abandoned wild landscapes which have experienced structural changes, and where abandonment triggered a natural vegetation succession process, as well as fauna’s progressive reoccupation. Due to such natural regeneration, abandoned wild landscapes have high biodiversity and ecological value and have been gaining attention from the scientific and planning communities. In the Chinese context, abandoned wild landscapes are frequently contested and subsumed into various utilitarian discourses regarding redevelopment or erasure, leading to an underestimation of their ecological value in urban contexts. Through reviewing academic literature, this paper explores abandoned wild landscapes in terms of the ecological value they encompass and related benefits for both sustainable urban development and ecological pressure. Moreover, this study also presents an overview of the causes of abandoned wild landscapes in different world contexts and analyses their controversy in China. The paper concludes by advocating that abandoned wild landscapes do have ecological values worthy of further understanding and appreciation, due to their potentially vital role in the ecosystems of contemporary Chinese cities.","PeriodicalId":224230,"journal":{"name":"The Sustainable City XIII","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122314663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nowadays, one of the main problems facing the city of Barcelona is climate change, which intensifies the urban heat island effect (UHI), as well as generating high levels of air and noise pollution. These environmental problems have a negative effect on the urban ecosystem and the living standards of its inhabitants. Greenery is able to counteract their effects, by capturing airborne dust, absorbing CO2, thus favouring better thermal regulation, increasing biodiversity and improving the quality of life of the population. This research intends to develop new forms of naturalization in Barcelona, introducing greenery not only in inhabited buildings in order to create long term benefits for the community, but also proposing new ways of constructing on top of the roof tops of existing buildings by means of industrialized attic flats. The majority of these penthouses are located in the Eixample District, the most crowded neighbourhood in the metropolitan area of Barcelona and the district which is probably most exposed to urban pollution. For this reason, the investigation seeks to innovate technical solutions that incorporate vegetation into the architectural projects of La Casa por el Tejado, taking benefit of the available surfaces such as roof-tops and party walls. The article will address different ways to implement greenery in La Casa por el Tejado’s projects through modular industrial solutions that require minimum maintenance and provide a study of benefits, opportunities and obstacles found in the application of vegetation, a description of the key factors to overcome these barriers, as well as how the implementation of greenery could introduce positives changes in the living dynamics of people and the city.
如今，巴塞罗那市面临的主要问题之一是气候变化，它加剧了城市热岛效应(UHI)，并产生了高水平的空气和噪音污染。这些环境问题对城市生态系统和居民的生活水平产生了负面影响。绿色植物能够通过捕获空气中的灰尘、吸收二氧化碳来抵消它们的影响，从而有利于更好的热调节、增加生物多样性和提高人口的生活质量。这项研究旨在为巴塞罗那开发新的自然化形式，不仅在居住建筑中引入绿色植物，为社区创造长期利益，而且还提出了在现有建筑屋顶上建造工业化阁楼公寓的新方法。这些顶层公寓大多位于巴塞罗那大都会区最拥挤的街区，也是最容易受到城市污染的地区。出于这个原因，该调查寻求创新的技术解决方案，将植被纳入La Casa por el Tejado的建筑项目中，利用屋顶和party墙等可用表面。本文将讨论通过模块化工业解决方案在La Casa por el Tejado项目中实施绿化的不同方法，这些解决方案需要最少的维护，并研究在植被应用中发现的好处、机会和障碍，描述克服这些障碍的关键因素，以及绿化的实施如何为人们和城市的生活动态带来积极的变化。
{"title":"RE-NATURALIZATION OF THE CITY OF BARCELONA, SPAIN: INTRODUCING GREENERY IN MEDITERRANEAN BUILDINGS","authors":"Fabiola Meignen, Anna Martínez, N. Martí","doi":"10.2495/sc190271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/sc190271","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, one of the main problems facing the city of Barcelona is climate change, which intensifies the urban heat island effect (UHI), as well as generating high levels of air and noise pollution. These environmental problems have a negative effect on the urban ecosystem and the living standards of its inhabitants. Greenery is able to counteract their effects, by capturing airborne dust, absorbing CO2, thus favouring better thermal regulation, increasing biodiversity and improving the quality of life of the population. This research intends to develop new forms of naturalization in Barcelona, introducing greenery not only in inhabited buildings in order to create long term benefits for the community, but also proposing new ways of constructing on top of the roof tops of existing buildings by means of industrialized attic flats. The majority of these penthouses are located in the Eixample District, the most crowded neighbourhood in the metropolitan area of Barcelona and the district which is probably most exposed to urban pollution. For this reason, the investigation seeks to innovate technical solutions that incorporate vegetation into the architectural projects of La Casa por el Tejado, taking benefit of the available surfaces such as roof-tops and party walls. The article will address different ways to implement greenery in La Casa por el Tejado’s projects through modular industrial solutions that require minimum maintenance and provide a study of benefits, opportunities and obstacles found in the application of vegetation, a description of the key factors to overcome these barriers, as well as how the implementation of greenery could introduce positives changes in the living dynamics of people and the city.","PeriodicalId":224230,"journal":{"name":"The Sustainable City XIII","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129148023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The physical form and pattern of built environments in a city are the outcome of prevalent planning and design standards and building regulations. Many issues of built environments in urban settlements are the consequence of prevailing building regulations in that settlement. These building regulations have been copied and adopted from one place to another across the country, having an enormous impact on the functioning, character, quality, safety and image of a city. The role of building codes in the formation of the urban fabric of cities and the impact on architecture and planning identity are addressing different models of the types of laws and their impact on cities. General frameworks and guidelines for linking laws and building regulations were developed with the formation of the urban fabric and the mechanisms of changing these regulations temporally and spatially in order to preserve the identity and the positive intervention in the formation of the urban fabric of the city. In accordance with the Geo-environmental, developmental and technological context, new building frameworks and guidelines that are applicable at the area/zone level in Alexandria, Egypt were formulated. Various crucial factors/criteria which are essential for appropriate development in towns were determined and can therefore become the basis for new building regulations.
{"title":"IMPACT OF BUILDING REGULATIONS ON THE URBAN FABRIC OF THE CITY: CASE STUDY OF ALEXANDRIA, EGYPT","authors":"N. Samir, Ramadan Abd El Maksoud, Ibrahim Maarof","doi":"10.2495/sc190501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/sc190501","url":null,"abstract":"The physical form and pattern of built environments in a city are the outcome of prevalent planning and design standards and building regulations. Many issues of built environments in urban settlements are the consequence of prevailing building regulations in that settlement. These building regulations have been copied and adopted from one place to another across the country, having an enormous impact on the functioning, character, quality, safety and image of a city. The role of building codes in the formation of the urban fabric of cities and the impact on architecture and planning identity are addressing different models of the types of laws and their impact on cities. General frameworks and guidelines for linking laws and building regulations were developed with the formation of the urban fabric and the mechanisms of changing these regulations temporally and spatially in order to preserve the identity and the positive intervention in the formation of the urban fabric of the city. In accordance with the Geo-environmental, developmental and technological context, new building frameworks and guidelines that are applicable at the area/zone level in Alexandria, Egypt were formulated. Various crucial factors/criteria which are essential for appropriate development in towns were determined and can therefore become the basis for new building regulations.","PeriodicalId":224230,"journal":{"name":"The Sustainable City XIII","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128435719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The New Urban Agenda, developed at the UN-Habitat III conference on sustainable urban development and later adopted by consensus by 193 countries, includes nine paragraphs affirming the importance ...
{"title":"PUBLIC SPACES AND PRIVATE CONFLICTS IN THE NEW URBAN AGENDA","authors":"Michael W. Mehaffy, Peter Elmlund, T. Haas","doi":"10.2495/sc190081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/sc190081","url":null,"abstract":"The New Urban Agenda, developed at the UN-Habitat III conference on sustainable urban development and later adopted by consensus by 193 countries, includes nine paragraphs affirming the importance ...","PeriodicalId":224230,"journal":{"name":"The Sustainable City XIII","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116742675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The city of Al Ain, UAE has developed rapidly over the last two decades. Located in the south east of the United Arab Emirates, the origins of Al Ain were as an oasis. However, fast urban development has increased the number of built-up areas. Local climate zone (LCZ) classification provides a map of a city based on the similar properties of each zone, and WUDAPT is a network that facilitates its analysis. This approach allows developers to track the growth of the city. This study is based on satellite images and Google Earth Pro. High-definition satellite images are used to detect the specifics of each building morphology and district pattern. The new city map is then compared with the CFD models generated by ENVI-met. The models are based on site surveys and information taken from the authorities in the municipality of Al Ain, while the boundary conditions are based on information taken from local climate stations. Al Ain has a hot, arid climate with very dry, hot summers and the city is composed of desertified areas of red sand. To the east is a rocky mountain that affects the climate of the city. This study will focus on the spring and summer seasons due to the extreme changes in temperature. The outcome of this study is an analysis of the urban heat island effect (UHI). The aim is to detect problematic districts and to analyse their morphology. The widespread use of trees in the city improves the impact of the UHI, although the high speed of construction has produced dense, built-up areas. The LCZ and the results of ENVI-met simulations are used to define the levels of UHI in each zone analysed in this study.
{"title":"DEFINITION OF LOCAL CLIMATE ZONES IN RELATION TO ENVI-MET AND SITE DATA IN THE CITY OF AL AIN, UAE","authors":"L. Bande, Prajowal Manadhar, P. Marpu","doi":"10.2495/sc190191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/sc190191","url":null,"abstract":"The city of Al Ain, UAE has developed rapidly over the last two decades. Located in the south east of the United Arab Emirates, the origins of Al Ain were as an oasis. However, fast urban development has increased the number of built-up areas. Local climate zone (LCZ) classification provides a map of a city based on the similar properties of each zone, and WUDAPT is a network that facilitates its analysis. This approach allows developers to track the growth of the city. This study is based on satellite images and Google Earth Pro. High-definition satellite images are used to detect the specifics of each building morphology and district pattern. The new city map is then compared with the CFD models generated by ENVI-met. The models are based on site surveys and information taken from the authorities in the municipality of Al Ain, while the boundary conditions are based on information taken from local climate stations. Al Ain has a hot, arid climate with very dry, hot summers and the city is composed of desertified areas of red sand. To the east is a rocky mountain that affects the climate of the city. This study will focus on the spring and summer seasons due to the extreme changes in temperature. The outcome of this study is an analysis of the urban heat island effect (UHI). The aim is to detect problematic districts and to analyse their morphology. The widespread use of trees in the city improves the impact of the UHI, although the high speed of construction has produced dense, built-up areas. The LCZ and the results of ENVI-met simulations are used to define the levels of UHI in each zone analysed in this study.","PeriodicalId":224230,"journal":{"name":"The Sustainable City XIII","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132998305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper empirically explores the configuration of community public facilities under the 15-minute life cycle program in Guangzhou, which requires community public facilities to be laid out within the 15-minute walking distance. By examining 12 communities with differentiated geographical and demographic features, the paper argues that although the fulfillment rate is acceptable, several problems remain. The 15-minute life cycle program requirement is uniformly imposed, it ignores the demographic structure differences among communities. The needs of seniors and other vulnerable parties are often neglected. Also, for those rural communities with low population density, the uniform configuration requirement leads to the unsustainable operation of the public facilities. Besides that, with the increasing living standards in Guangzhou, like most Chinese cities, new types of public facilities are gaining substantial demand in communities. Those types of public facilities are yet to be included in the program. As such, the 15-minute life cycle program enhances the city’s community public facilities provision, but certain optimization strategies should be applied to improve the policy design.
{"title":"EXAMINATION OF THE 15-MINUTE LIFE CYCLE PROGRAM OF A CHINESE MEGA CITY: CASE STUDY OF GUANGZHOU","authors":"Dai-li Zhou","doi":"10.2495/sc190091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/sc190091","url":null,"abstract":"This paper empirically explores the configuration of community public facilities under the 15-minute life cycle program in Guangzhou, which requires community public facilities to be laid out within the 15-minute walking distance. By examining 12 communities with differentiated geographical and demographic features, the paper argues that although the fulfillment rate is acceptable, several problems remain. The 15-minute life cycle program requirement is uniformly imposed, it ignores the demographic structure differences among communities. The needs of seniors and other vulnerable parties are often neglected. Also, for those rural communities with low population density, the uniform configuration requirement leads to the unsustainable operation of the public facilities. Besides that, with the increasing living standards in Guangzhou, like most Chinese cities, new types of public facilities are gaining substantial demand in communities. Those types of public facilities are yet to be included in the program. As such, the 15-minute life cycle program enhances the city’s community public facilities provision, but certain optimization strategies should be applied to improve the policy design.","PeriodicalId":224230,"journal":{"name":"The Sustainable City XIII","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126390904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this paper is to assess a distinctive form of environmentally driven art and design practice that has emerged in urban contexts over the last two decades. This art and design form, which is provisionally named the “eco-art installation”, distinguishes itself from previous environmental work in its crossing of disciplines – specifically, art, environmental design, and architecture – in its mobilization of different publics within various urban landscapes, and in its sanctioned collaboration with municipal authorities. This paper proposes that the urban eco-art installation does not simply demonstrate its alignment with pressing ecological issues; rather, it is driven by the urgent need to explain, and thus constitutes an entirely new form of explanatory discourse that places an “eco-message” squarely in the public realm. In this perspective, these eco-art installations in the public realm can help construct personal, social and cultural meanings of place, as urban agents of sustainable change. This paper presents a series of cases meant to illustrate the increasing world-wide phenomenon of public spaces as hinges for sustainable change in cities.
{"title":"ECO-DIDACTIC DESIGN IN THE PUBLIC REALM","authors":"C. Cucuzzella","doi":"10.2495/sc190251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2495/sc190251","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to assess a distinctive form of environmentally driven art and design practice that has emerged in urban contexts over the last two decades. This art and design form, which is provisionally named the “eco-art installation”, distinguishes itself from previous environmental work in its crossing of disciplines – specifically, art, environmental design, and architecture – in its mobilization of different publics within various urban landscapes, and in its sanctioned collaboration with municipal authorities. This paper proposes that the urban eco-art installation does not simply demonstrate its alignment with pressing ecological issues; rather, it is driven by the urgent need to explain, and thus constitutes an entirely new form of explanatory discourse that places an “eco-message” squarely in the public realm. In this perspective, these eco-art installations in the public realm can help construct personal, social and cultural meanings of place, as urban agents of sustainable change. This paper presents a series of cases meant to illustrate the increasing world-wide phenomenon of public spaces as hinges for sustainable change in cities.","PeriodicalId":224230,"journal":{"name":"The Sustainable City XIII","volume":"389 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121440980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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