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The Imperatives of Academic Collaboration in Africa, Asia and Latin America 非洲、亚洲和拉丁美洲学术合作的必要性
Pub Date : 2022-12-24 DOI: 10.6017/ijahe.v9i3.16035
D. Teferra, M. Sirat, Pablo Beneitone
A multitude of intentions drives institutions to engage in academic collaborations, mainly dictated by necessity. The imperatives of academic collaboration are many and varied and include generating resources, developing academic capacity, exchanging experiences, and enhancing the institutional profile. Institutions also engage in collaboration to pursue mega initiatives (such as human genome projects) and tackle major global challenges (like climate change and diseases such as COVID-19). Such endeavours mainly take place within the framework of North-North and, to certain extent, North-South collaboration. South-South collaboration has been less evident, although this trend appears to be changing steadily with growing interest, focus and drive in these regions. For decades, academic collaboration has been touted as a positive force in knowledge creation and capacity building, particularly in the South. However, this conception has largely been framed in the context and perspective of the North. Given growing calls for a shift from traditional North-South collaborations, this article explores the imperatives of academic collaboration in the context of South-South partnerships and examines the critical factors that shape such collaboration in Africa, Asia and Latin America. It explores the intention, nature, scope and modalities of academic collaborations in the context of academic exchange, joint research/projects, joint programmes, capacity building and other relevant engagements on these continents in the post-COVID-19 era.
各种各样的动机驱使机构进行学术合作,这主要是出于需要。学术合作的必要性是多种多样的,包括创造资源、发展学术能力、交流经验和提高机构形象。各机构还参与合作,以推行大型计划(如人类基因组计划)和应对重大全球挑战(如气候变化和COVID-19等疾病)。这些努力主要是在北-北合作的框架内进行的,在某种程度上也包括南北合作。南南合作一直不太明显,尽管这一趋势似乎随着这些地区的兴趣、重点和动力的增加而稳步改变。几十年来,学术合作一直被吹捧为知识创造和能力建设的积极力量,尤其是在发展中国家。然而,这一概念在很大程度上是在北方的背景和视角下形成的。鉴于要求改变传统的南北合作的呼声日益高涨,本文探讨了在南南伙伴关系背景下开展学术合作的必要性,并考察了在非洲、亚洲和拉丁美洲形成这种合作的关键因素。报告探讨了后covid -19时代在这些大洲开展学术交流、联合研究/项目、联合规划、能力建设和其他相关活动的学术合作的意图、性质、范围和方式。
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引用次数: 0
Global South Research Collaboration 全球南方研究合作
Pub Date : 2022-12-24 DOI: 10.6017/ijahe.v9i3.16045
A. Gueye, Edward Choi, Carolina Guzmán-Valenzuela, Gustavo J. Gregorutti
Research collaboration has become a major research topic in the social sciences. While this literature has mainly focused on collaborative dynamics in the Global North, more recent studies have examined these dynamics within the Global South. This article expands the scope of analysis by comparing the level of co-publications by Global South-based scholars with Global South-based colleagues and that between academics at Global South institutions and researchers in Global North universities. It shows that academic partnerships within the Global South are less common than instances of collaboration between the Global South and Global North. The relatively weak Global South collaborative dynamics are at odds with most Global South leaders’ encouragement of partnerships between scholars within the South. The article also demonstrates that collaboration seems to be largely informed by linguistic commonality and historical (colonial) relations of dependency. Contrary to expectations that US-based academics would be the primary partners for Global South academics due to US hegemony, the latter are more likely to collaborate with colleagues in European countries, more specifically countries that colonised their countries.
科研协作已成为社会科学领域的一个重要研究课题。虽然这些文献主要集中在全球北方的合作动态,但最近的研究已经检查了全球南方的这些动态。本文通过比较全球南方的学者与全球南方的同事之间以及全球南方机构的学者与全球北方大学的研究人员之间的共同发表的水平,扩展了分析的范围。它表明,全球南方之间的学术伙伴关系不如全球南方与全球北方之间的合作那么常见。全球发展中国家相对薄弱的合作动力与大多数全球发展中国家领导人鼓励发展中国家内部学者之间建立伙伴关系的做法不一致。文章还表明,合作似乎在很大程度上受到语言共性和历史(殖民)依赖关系的影响。由于美国的霸权,美国学者将成为全球南方学者的主要合作伙伴,这与人们的预期相反,后者更有可能与欧洲国家的同行合作,更具体地说,是与那些曾经殖民过他们国家的国家合作。
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引用次数: 0
Financing and Resourcing International Collaboration in African Higher Education 非洲高等教育国际合作的资金和资源
Pub Date : 2022-12-24 DOI: 10.6017/ijahe.v9i3.16053
Gift Masaiti, Edward Mboyonga
This article discusses the financing of international collaboration in African higher education. It notes that mutual aid and the public good are slowly being embraced as the rationale for international collaboration. Drawing on a critical perspective, the article discusses the modalities and effectiveness of resourcing international collaboration which is generally seen as a panacea to revitalise higher education research in subSaharan Africa. Collaboration between Africa and Global North countries manifests in international partnerships for research, student and staff mobility, teaching, and funding. While most collaborations have tended to be dominated by Global North partners, South-South collaborations are increasingly taking centre stage. Emerging issues in international collaboration are also identified and the article notes that, in general, the politics of power and control still characterise both North-South and South-South international collaborations.
本文讨论了非洲高等教育国际合作的融资问题。报告指出,互助和公益正逐渐被接受为国际合作的基本原则。从批判的角度出发,本文讨论了为国际合作提供资源的方式和有效性,国际合作通常被视为振兴撒哈拉以南非洲高等教育研究的灵丹妙药。非洲与全球北方国家之间的合作体现在研究、学生和员工流动、教学和资助方面的国际伙伴关系。虽然大多数合作往往由全球北方伙伴主导,但南南合作正日益占据中心地位。文章还指出了国际合作中出现的新问题,并指出,总体而言,权力和控制政治仍然是南北和南南国际合作的特征。
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引用次数: 0
The Notion of Relevance in Academic Collaboration 学术合作中的关联概念
Pub Date : 2022-12-24 DOI: 10.6017/ijahe.v9i3.16051
Wondwosen Tamrat
This article examines the notion of relevance in academic collaboration between North and South partners. It traces the history and nature of academic cooperation, and the major factors that determine the success of partnerships. It is argued that equitable, collaborative agenda setting, clear decision-making procedures, and consideration of the developmental goals that are the envisaged outcome of collaboration schemes are mechanisms that can be used to address issues of relevance. Failure to address relevance concerns could result in academics or institutions being diverted from addressing local or national priority areas. In turn, this could result in the relevance of the cooperation itself being questioned.
本文探讨了南北合作伙伴之间学术合作中的相关性概念。它追溯了学术合作的历史和性质,以及决定伙伴关系成功的主要因素。本文认为,公平、合作的议程设置、明确的决策程序和对合作计划设想结果的发展目标的考虑是可用于解决相关问题的机制。如果不能解决相关问题,可能会导致学术界或机构无法解决地方或国家优先领域的问题。反过来,这可能导致合作本身的相关性受到质疑。
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引用次数: 0
Academic Collaborations in Asia 亚洲学术合作
Pub Date : 2022-12-24 DOI: 10.6017/ijahe.v9i3.16055
N. Varghese
No country enjoys a monopoly on the production and transaction of knowledge. Academic collaborations among countries and between institutions have increased in recent decades. The reason seems to be that papers co-authored with international academics are not only cited more often but also have higher impact than single author publications. This article shows that although the Asian countries have a tendency to look westward, academic collaborations among higher education institutions in these countries are on the increase. These have evolved in three distinct but related stages: a) collaborations for national capacity development; b) collaborations as part of the globalisation process; and c) collaborations to enhance academic credibility and national institutions’ global ranking. The article also discusses the emergence of new institutional structures to promote regional collaborations and the role of diaspora in promoting research collaborations in the region.
没有一个国家对知识的生产和交易享有垄断。近几十年来,国家之间和机构之间的学术合作有所增加。这是因为与国际学者共同撰写的论文不仅被引用次数更多,而且比单一作者发表的论文具有更高的影响力。这篇文章表明,虽然亚洲国家有向西看的趋势,但这些国家的高等教育机构之间的学术合作正在增加。这些发展分为三个不同但相关的阶段:a)合作促进国家能力发展;B)作为全球化进程一部分的合作;c)加强学术信誉和国家机构全球排名的合作。本文还讨论了促进区域合作的新制度结构的出现以及侨民在促进该地区研究合作中的作用。
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引用次数: 1
Mobility for Academic Collaboration Post-COVID-19 covid -19后学术合作的流动性
Pub Date : 2022-12-24 DOI: 10.6017/ijahe.v9i3.16047
I. Oanda, Jae-Eun Jon, Gerardo L. Blanco
In-person mobility has traditionally been taken for granted as an element of academic collaboration. The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted this status quo, introducing new challenges, especially across Africa, Asia and Latin America, where local economies and higher education systems have been disproportionately affected, exacerbating existing inequities. Low and unequal vaccination rates in these regions will likely continue to influence academic mobility. Given that international travel is set to remain complicated and expensive, African, Asian and Latin American academics’ preference for North America and Europe as destinations for mobility is likely to shift, with new academic mobility ecosystems emerging. Indeed, strong institutions and countries in these regions are becoming new hubs for intra-regional mobility and collaboration. The future of academic mobility and collaboration in Africa, Asia and Latin America is thus likely to include alternative destinations and virtual mobility, with the possibility of lower levels of international cooperation as the perceived value of mobility comes into question. These changes call for creative, long-term plans by institutions as well as governments. They present opportunities to promote mobility within regions, as well as South-South mobility in order to increase higher education’s social relevance.
传统上,人员流动被认为是学术合作的一个要素。2019冠状病毒病大流行打破了这一现状,带来了新的挑战,特别是在非洲、亚洲和拉丁美洲,当地经济和高等教育系统受到了不成比例的影响,加剧了现有的不平等现象。这些地区疫苗接种率低且不平等,可能会继续影响学术流动性。鉴于国际旅行仍将是复杂和昂贵的,随着新的学术流动生态系统的出现,非洲、亚洲和拉丁美洲学者对北美和欧洲作为流动目的地的偏好可能会发生变化。事实上,这些地区的强大机构和国家正在成为区域内流动与合作的新中心。因此,在非洲、亚洲和拉丁美洲,未来的学术流动和合作很可能包括替代目的地和虚拟流动,随着流动性的感知价值受到质疑,国际合作水平可能会降低。这些变化需要机构和政府制定创造性的长期计划。它们提供了促进区域内流动以及南南流动的机会,以增加高等教育的社会相关性。
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引用次数: 0
Academic Collaboration in Africa and Asia: Current Status, Challenges, and Emerging Trends and Strategies 非洲和亚洲的学术合作:现状、挑战、新趋势和战略
Pub Date : 2022-12-24 DOI: 10.6017/ijahe.v9i3.16041
Yamina El Kirat El Allame, Hajar Anas, Oumaima Elghazali, Tibelius Amutuhaire, Bie Dunrong, Huang Yifan, Yu Jingran, Ma Jie
South-South cooperation has garnered much attention in recent times among states, policymakers, and academics and its scope is growing to encompass economic cooperation and health, education, research, and development initiatives. This article examines the current status of academic partnerships between institutions in Asia and Africa, the challenges confronting them, and the emerging trends and strategies. Practical examples are provided to showcase the current practices and challenges in each region. The article also highlights academic cooperation experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic and identifies the emerging trends and challenges in academic collaboration in Asia and Africa in the post-pandemic era. It proposes strategies for future NorthSouth, North-South-South, and South-South academic collaboration. During the pandemic, academic cooperation in teaching, learning, and research across borders has demonstrated resilience and sustainability. Increased opportunities for collaboration within, between, and beyond Asia and Africa are being provided by technology-enhanced collaborative modes. However, the digital divide within and across the two continents will impact the future modalities of academic collaboration.
近年来,南南合作引起了各国、政策制定者和学术界的高度关注,其范围正在扩大,包括经济合作以及卫生、教育、研究和发展倡议。本文考察了亚洲和非洲院校之间学术伙伴关系的现状、它们面临的挑战以及新出现的趋势和战略。提供了实际的例子来展示每个地区目前的做法和挑战。文章还重点介绍了2019冠状病毒病大流行期间的学术合作经验,并指出了后大流行时代亚非学术合作的新趋势和挑战。它提出了未来南北、北南-南和南南学术合作的战略。疫情期间,跨境教、学和研究领域的学术合作表现出韧性和可持续性。技术增强型合作模式正在为亚洲和非洲内部、之间和以外的合作提供更多机会。然而,两大洲内部和之间的数字鸿沟将影响未来学术合作的模式。
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引用次数: 0
Editorial: Academic Collaboration in Africa, Asia and Latin America in the Post-COVID World 社评:后疫情时代非洲、亚洲和拉丁美洲的学术合作
Pub Date : 2022-12-24 DOI: 10.6017/ijahe.v9i3.16033
D. Teferra
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引用次数: 0
Academic Cooperation between Africa, Asia and Latin America 非洲、亚洲和拉丁美洲的学术合作
Pub Date : 2022-12-24 DOI: 10.6017/ijahe.v9i3.16049
Ayenachew A. Woldegiyorgis, Lucas Luchilo, Thanh Pham
Interest has grown in the role of diaspora in advancing higher education and scientific research as academic mobility continues to generate more transnational communities a with high educational profile. The academic literature is picking up on how diasporas and their organisations facilitate academic and research collaboration between institutions in their ‘host’ and ‘home’ countries. However, this discourse largely focuses on those residing in industrialised countries, particularly Europe and North America. There is limited research on the diasporic relationship between and within regions in the Global South, and even less on diaspora mediated academic collaboration between Africa, Asia and Latin America. Against this backdrop, this article explores the role of diaspora in academic and scientific collaboration within and between these regions. It highlights some historical and contemporary migratory relations between them, along with student mobility as a means of formation of academic diaspora. The article argues that, among other things, the limited academic collaboration between countries of the Global South can be attributed to structural issues such as inequality in the geopolitics of knowledge and the characteristics of migrant communities. It also suggests possible future scenarios including trends in migration and the potential to foster scientific collaboration.
随着学术流动继续产生更多具有高教育知名度的跨国社区,人们对海外侨民在推动高等教育和科学研究方面的作用越来越感兴趣。学术文献正在关注侨民及其组织如何促进“东道国”和“母国”机构之间的学术和研究合作。然而,这种论述主要集中在那些居住在工业化国家,特别是欧洲和北美的人身上。对全球南方地区之间和内部的侨民关系的研究有限,对非洲、亚洲和拉丁美洲之间以侨民为媒介的学术合作的研究就更少了。在此背景下,本文探讨了移民在这些地区内部和之间的学术和科学合作中的作用。它强调了他们之间的一些历史和当代的迁移关系,以及学生流动作为一种形成学术散居的手段。这篇文章认为,除其他因素外,全球南方国家之间有限的学术合作可以归因于结构性问题,例如知识地缘政治中的不平等和移民社区的特征。它还提出了可能的未来情景,包括移民趋势和促进科学合作的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Precursors and Outcomes of Perceived Value in Achieving Student Loyalty in Open Distance Electronic Learning Institutions 开放远程电子教育机构实现学生忠诚的感知价值前驱与结果
Pub Date : 2022-07-13 DOI: 10.6017/ijahe.v9i2.15371
Phineas Mbango
The Covid-19 pandemic resulted in contact universities entering the distance learning market, creating new competition for Open Distance Electronic Learning (ODeL) institutions. To achieve a sustainable competitive advantage, these institutions need to formulate sound strategies to attract and retain students. This study investigated the precursors and outcomes of perceived value in achieving student loyalty in ODeL institutions. A quantitative approach was employed to gather data using self-administered online questionnaires, with 1430 responses. The partial least squares structural equation modeling technique was used to test the proposed model. The results indicate that an ODeL institution’s reputation and service quality positively influence student value, while the outcomes are trust, commitment, and student loyalty. However, institutional reputation was found to have more influence on student value than service quality, and commitment had more influence on loyalty than trust. While a number of studies have been conducted on the relationship between the variables/constructs, service quality and reputation as determinants of customer value and trust and commitment’s influence on loyalty, they do not show the differences in the magnitude of each variable. This study showed that although all these factors correlate and positively influence one another, there are major differences in the magnitude of influence. It is thus recommended that ODeL institutions should formulate strategies aimed at enhancing institutional reputation, value, and student commitment in order to retain student loyalty. Key words: Service quality, institutional reputation, open distance electronic learning, perceived value, commitment
Covid-19大流行导致联系大学进入远程教育市场,为开放远程电子学习(ODeL)机构带来了新的竞争。为了取得持续的竞争优势,这些院校需要制定合理的策略来吸引和留住学生。本研究探讨了认知价值在ODeL院校学生忠诚实现中的前体和结果。采用定量方法收集数据,使用自我管理的在线问卷,有1430份回复。采用偏最小二乘结构方程建模技术对模型进行了验证。结果表明,ODeL院校的声誉和服务质量正向影响学生价值,其结果为信任、承诺和学生忠诚度。然而,机构声誉对学生价值的影响大于服务质量,承诺对忠诚的影响大于信任。虽然已经对变量/结构、服务质量和声誉作为客户价值的决定因素以及信任和承诺对忠诚度的影响之间的关系进行了许多研究,但它们并没有显示每个变量的大小差异。本研究表明,尽管所有这些因素都相互关联并相互积极影响,但在影响程度上存在重大差异。因此,建议ODeL院校应制定旨在提高院校声誉、价值和学生承诺的策略,以保持学生的忠诚度。关键词:服务质量,院校声誉,远程开放电子学习,感知价值,承诺
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引用次数: 0
期刊
International Journal of African Higher Education
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