Pub Date : 2021-03-26DOI: 10.1332/policypress/9781447351467.003.0003
J. Bynner, W. Heinz
The chapter examines youth identity from a number of perspectives starting with psychological and sociological conceptualisations of self and identity. From there the discussion moves to the controversy over stages of identity development, identity as a biographical resource and the complexities for occupational identity of digital employment. These observations open up to the more recent issues of identity construction by social networking among young people through which a variety of identities may be expressed. Key themes include self-realisation and its counterpoints in relation to different forms of communication and self-presentation and broader statuses such as digital generational national and European identity. The chapter explores challenges arising from these developments to which the effects of the COVID-19 (corona) virus are an added factor.
{"title":"Identity and social media","authors":"J. Bynner, W. Heinz","doi":"10.1332/policypress/9781447351467.003.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447351467.003.0003","url":null,"abstract":"The chapter examines youth identity from a number of perspectives starting with psychological and sociological conceptualisations of self and identity. From there the discussion moves to the controversy over stages of identity development, identity as a biographical resource and the complexities for occupational identity of digital employment. These observations open up to the more recent issues of identity construction by social networking among young people through which a variety of identities may be expressed. Key themes include self-realisation and its counterpoints in relation to different forms of communication and self-presentation and broader statuses such as digital generational national and European identity. The chapter explores challenges arising from these developments to which the effects of the COVID-19 (corona) virus are an added factor.","PeriodicalId":225571,"journal":{"name":"Youth Prospects in the Digital Society","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125164325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
‘Youth and Europe’ extends the notion of identity further, this time in the context of the development of the European Union (EU). The EU mission was to establish, especially among young people, a European identity in all the EU states. The distribution of resources and the rates of youth unemployment in the UK and Germany follows, considered from the perspective of social justice and the consequences of ‘Brexit’. The contribution of EU youth policies to young people’s participation and active citizenship as well as to respecting and integrating cultural diversity is also highlighted. The economic and cultural divisions, leading to sceptical attitudes toward the European Union are also discussed. The Erasmus programme and the wider benefits of the EU youth agenda aimed at reducing unemployment and poverty are presented as highly valued examples of European youth collaboration.
{"title":"Youth and Europe","authors":"J. Bynner, W. Heinz","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1gbrrqc.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1gbrrqc.10","url":null,"abstract":"‘Youth and Europe’ extends the notion of identity further, this time in the context of the development of the European Union (EU). The EU mission was to establish, especially among young people, a European identity in all the EU states. The distribution of resources and the rates of youth unemployment in the UK and Germany follows, considered from the perspective of social justice and the consequences of ‘Brexit’. The contribution of EU youth policies to young people’s participation and active citizenship as well as to respecting and integrating cultural diversity is also highlighted. The economic and cultural divisions, leading to sceptical attitudes toward the European Union are also discussed. The Erasmus programme and the wider benefits of the EU youth agenda aimed at reducing unemployment and poverty are presented as highly valued examples of European youth collaboration.","PeriodicalId":225571,"journal":{"name":"Youth Prospects in the Digital Society","volume":"237 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115949842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-26DOI: 10.1332/policypress/9781447351467.003.0005
J. Bynner, W. Heinz
The focus here is on the drivers of transitions and the routes that young people have to navigate in what is now a labour market ever-more associated with risk and precarity. Transitions are status passages of the life course that young people have to navigate. They are related to social pathways that differ in structure and number in England and Germany and reflect their management of personal relationships, education, and employment. The transition from education to work is considered from the perspective of institutional arrangements and discussed in terms of the effects of digitalisation in restructuring occupations on the pathways of vocational training and academic education. A core theme is how social class and differences in the welfare mix for young people are key influences on their access to occupational opportunities and the process and outcomes of such transitions.
{"title":"Navigating the transition to adulthood","authors":"J. Bynner, W. Heinz","doi":"10.1332/policypress/9781447351467.003.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447351467.003.0005","url":null,"abstract":"The focus here is on the drivers of transitions and the routes that young people have to navigate in what is now a labour market ever-more associated with risk and precarity. Transitions are status passages of the life course that young people have to navigate. They are related to social pathways that differ in structure and number in England and Germany and reflect their management of personal relationships, education, and employment. The transition from education to work is considered from the perspective of institutional arrangements and discussed in terms of the effects of digitalisation in restructuring occupations on the pathways of vocational training and academic education. A core theme is how social class and differences in the welfare mix for young people are key influences on their access to occupational opportunities and the process and outcomes of such transitions.","PeriodicalId":225571,"journal":{"name":"Youth Prospects in the Digital Society","volume":"216 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114677255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Navigating the transition to adulthood","authors":"M. Gomez","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1gbrrqc.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1gbrrqc.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":225571,"journal":{"name":"Youth Prospects in the Digital Society","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127451959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This chapter extends the topic of learning more broadly than in previous chapters, focusing initially on the implications of digitalisation for both the content and delivery of education Such functions extend in the digital society to the specific knowledge and skills needed to operate effectively within every part of it, i.e. mastery of the ‘Internet of Everything’. Because of the speed of technological transformation attention is drawn to the challenges digitalisation presents to management of education and the taught curriculum. The chapter also considers the distinctive contributions informal and formal education make to generic skills and lifelong learning, the central aim of which is building in a changing world, capabilities that match economic and life course needs. Amartya Sen’s unifying ideas about freedom to achieve also have a central role.
{"title":"Education, capability and skills","authors":"J. Bynner, W. Heinz","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1gbrrqc.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1gbrrqc.12","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter extends the topic of learning more broadly than in previous chapters, focusing initially on the implications of digitalisation for both the content and delivery of education Such functions extend in the digital society to the specific knowledge and skills needed to operate effectively within every part of it, i.e. mastery of the ‘Internet of Everything’. Because of the speed of technological transformation attention is drawn to the challenges digitalisation presents to management of education and the taught curriculum. The chapter also considers the distinctive contributions informal and formal education make to generic skills and lifelong learning, the central aim of which is building in a changing world, capabilities that match economic and life course needs. Amartya Sen’s unifying ideas about freedom to achieve also have a central role.","PeriodicalId":225571,"journal":{"name":"Youth Prospects in the Digital Society","volume":"11 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131957508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The subject matter here turns directly to the digital society and its effect on family life and family members of different ages and intergenerational relations, based on the idea of 6 Smart families. Such a family comprises active users of the internet and social media intergenerationally, leading on to the issue of ‘opportunities’ versus ‘risks’ in social networking and parents’ approach to it. Opportunities include the opening up of unlimited knowledge and data to family users individually and jointly. Set against this attraction is the world of fake news and the interpersonal damage that the uncontrolled internet through social networking can do. The discussion finishes with the pros and cons of media education and control. The unresolved and most challenging feature of family digitalisation, as the CONVID-19 virus pandemic revealed, is the lack of access to educational and technical resources, largely through poverty of a substantial minority of the youth population.
{"title":"Smart families and community","authors":"J. Bynner, W. Heinz","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1gbrrqc.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1gbrrqc.13","url":null,"abstract":"The subject matter here turns directly to the digital society and its effect on family life and family members of different ages and intergenerational relations, based on the idea of 6\u0000Smart families.\u0000Such a family comprises active users of the internet and social media intergenerationally, leading on to the issue of ‘opportunities’ versus ‘risks’ in social networking and parents’ approach to it. Opportunities include the opening up of unlimited knowledge and data to family users individually and jointly. Set against this attraction is the world of fake news and the interpersonal damage that the uncontrolled internet through social networking can do. The discussion finishes with the pros and cons of media education and control. The unresolved and most challenging feature of family digitalisation, as the CONVID-19 virus pandemic revealed, is the lack of access to educational and technical resources, largely through poverty of a substantial minority of the youth population.","PeriodicalId":225571,"journal":{"name":"Youth Prospects in the Digital Society","volume":"72 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121548894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Youth prospects are related to the possibility of participating in the political process, including political activism, mobilisation, and the internet. The focus is on political education and engagement in use of the internet, exemplified by the impressive, digitalised campaigns launched internationally on such issues as climate change and saving the planet. Young people perceive the political process as mainly online. Political socialisation takes place via social media where the interest in national and European issue is rather limited. Media competence must be developed early and organised as a ‘toolbox’ for dealing with the character of communications. New youth movements like “Fridays for Future”, however, have mobilised youth to participate in the debate about climate change and young people’s voting preferences in national and EU elections and are also addressed.
{"title":"Political participation, mobilisation and the internet","authors":"J. Bynner, W. Heinz","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1gbrrqc.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1gbrrqc.14","url":null,"abstract":"Youth prospects are related to the possibility of participating in the political process, including political activism, mobilisation, and the internet. The focus is on political education and engagement in use of the internet, exemplified by the impressive, digitalised campaigns launched internationally on such issues as climate change and saving the planet. Young people perceive the political process as mainly online. Political socialisation takes place via social media where the interest in national and European issue is rather limited. Media competence must be developed early and organised as a ‘toolbox’ for dealing with the character of communications. New youth movements like “Fridays for Future”, however, have mobilised youth to participate in the debate about climate change and young people’s voting preferences in national and EU elections and are also addressed.","PeriodicalId":225571,"journal":{"name":"Youth Prospects in the Digital Society","volume":"344 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133531224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-26DOI: 10.1332/policypress/9781447351467.003.0010
J. Bynner, W. Heinz
Policy issues arising from digitalisation in neo-liberal economies are outlined in this final section and are directed at youth policy challenges, based on the findings of the preceding chapters. The themes of inequality, identity, the digital economy, lockdown and the pandemic are centrally addressed, together with such key topics as the future of vocational education and training in the digital society, job creation, family and community life and universal connectivity. The evidence makes the point that government should be under an obligation to ensure that every young person has access to the material, social, technical and educational resources needed to shape match their goals and to acquire the capability to participate fully in the digital society. Young people’s prospects must be promoted by policy innovations that address structural disadvantages and defeat the COVID-19 pandemic.
{"title":"Youth policy challenges","authors":"J. Bynner, W. Heinz","doi":"10.1332/policypress/9781447351467.003.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447351467.003.0010","url":null,"abstract":"Policy issues arising from digitalisation in neo-liberal economies are outlined in this final section and are directed at youth policy challenges, based on the findings of the preceding chapters. The themes of inequality, identity, the digital economy, lockdown and the pandemic are centrally addressed, together with such key topics as the future of vocational education and training in the digital society, job creation, family and community life and universal connectivity. The evidence makes the point that government should be under an obligation to ensure that every young person has access to the material, social, technical and educational resources needed to shape match their goals and to acquire the capability to participate fully in the digital society. Young people’s prospects must be promoted by policy innovations that address structural disadvantages and defeat the COVID-19 pandemic.","PeriodicalId":225571,"journal":{"name":"Youth Prospects in the Digital Society","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121215233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Though data about the effects of the COVID-19 virus on youth are still relatively scarce this chapter attempts to illuminate the resulting disruptions of young people’s lives Pre-existing social problems become more visible in young people, impacting on the families’ capacity to respond to the effect of the virus on their living circumstances and mental health. Coping with the lockdown measures created tensions in families who have to adapt to school closures, working at home-office, short-term employment and the threat of unemployment. In such situations young adults’ life plans become increasingly uncertain. The longer such a situation lasts the greater is the need for policy intervention in order to prevent unrecoverable transition breakdowns. The surge in distress and mental illness signal the possibilities of long term life course damage.
{"title":"Impact of COVID-19 on youth","authors":"J. Bynner, W. Heinz","doi":"10.2307/j.ctv1gbrrqc.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1gbrrqc.15","url":null,"abstract":"Though data about the effects of the COVID-19 virus on youth are still relatively scarce this chapter attempts to illuminate the resulting disruptions of young people’s lives Pre-existing social problems become more visible in young people, impacting on the families’ capacity to respond to the effect of the virus on their living circumstances and mental health. Coping with the lockdown measures created tensions in families who have to adapt to school closures, working at home-office, short-term employment and the threat of unemployment. In such situations young adults’ life plans become increasingly uncertain. The longer such a situation lasts the greater is the need for policy intervention in order to prevent unrecoverable transition breakdowns. The surge in distress and mental illness signal the possibilities of long term life course damage.","PeriodicalId":225571,"journal":{"name":"Youth Prospects in the Digital Society","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116921522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-26DOI: 10.46692/9781447351474.011
{"title":"Conclusions: Youth policy challenges","authors":"","doi":"10.46692/9781447351474.011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46692/9781447351474.011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":225571,"journal":{"name":"Youth Prospects in the Digital Society","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130277174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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