Pub Date : 2019-08-01DOI: 10.15744/2766-5887.1.101
F. Pr
Clay bricks have been made since ancient periods. The higher demand for this brick fails to support the needs. This is because clay is the non-renewable materials. Therefore, new artificial cement blocks have been introduced to satisfy the fast demand in the world. However, the clay bricks are the most eco-friendly and form green environment. Thus, the government, researchers and engineers trying to introduce the clay bricks with the value addition of natural agro waste materials. In one way, these materials improve the physical properties of the clay as well as reduce the environmental pollutions. Our aim at this research was to introduce a green environment clay bricks of value-added Groundnut Shell Ash (GSA) as a partial substitution. Therefore, seven different series of brick were manufactured by applying conventional method, which consists of GSA ratio 0, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8 and 10% of the total weight of the mixture. Each series hold seven brick of dimension (18.5 × 8.5 × 6.5) cm3. The clay-GSA was mixed well with the addition of sufficient water to form a good workability. These bricks were allowed to dry under sunlight for two days and then baked using the traditional method. The physical properties of the red brick were then determined and compared with Sri Lankan and British Standard Specifications. These physical properties were compared with the commercially available brick made entirely from clay, which is the control brick. From the results, clay-GSA bricks are obviously superior to the clay control-brick, those available in the Eastern region markets.
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Pub Date : 2019-08-01DOI: 10.15744/2766-5887.1.105
Ramírez Sjr
{"title":"MOX Fuel Alternatives for Minor Actinides Burnup in Thermal Spectrum","authors":"Ramírez Sjr","doi":"10.15744/2766-5887.1.105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15744/2766-5887.1.105","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":226566,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Waste Resources and Recycling","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126418590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-01DOI: 10.15744/2766-5887.1.104
Olatayo Ki
South Africa generates about 11 million waste tyres [1,2] out of the approximately 1.5 billion that are produced globally every year [1,3]. These waste tyres are discarded in dumps and stockpiles in the residential, industrial, townships, and rural areas across the country. The uncontrolled disposal and accumulation of tyres has the potential for extremely dangerous large fires [4]. Also, while many of them are burned for their scrap metal content, and heat generation in the townships and rural areas, particularly during winter, these practices discharge toxic gases such as dioxins and carbon monoxide into the environment. These environmental concerns and the economic misfortune in disposing the valuable resource inherent in tyres following their useful lifetime are driving the country to redefine its waste tyre management practice and institute legal guidelines. The main purpose of these regulations is to cultivate environmentally safe disposal and recover value from waste tyres through recycling.
{"title":"Evaluating the Economic Performance of Reverse Polymerization Technology for Waste Tyre Recycling in Sub-Saharan Africa","authors":"Olatayo Ki","doi":"10.15744/2766-5887.1.104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15744/2766-5887.1.104","url":null,"abstract":"South Africa generates about 11 million waste tyres [1,2] out of the approximately 1.5 billion that are produced globally every year [1,3]. These waste tyres are discarded in dumps and stockpiles in the residential, industrial, townships, and rural areas across the country. The uncontrolled disposal and accumulation of tyres has the potential for extremely dangerous large fires [4]. Also, while many of them are burned for their scrap metal content, and heat generation in the townships and rural areas, particularly during winter, these practices discharge toxic gases such as dioxins and carbon monoxide into the environment. These environmental concerns and the economic misfortune in disposing the valuable resource inherent in tyres following their useful lifetime are driving the country to redefine its waste tyre management practice and institute legal guidelines. The main purpose of these regulations is to cultivate environmentally safe disposal and recover value from waste tyres through recycling.","PeriodicalId":226566,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Waste Resources and Recycling","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128521248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-01DOI: 10.15744/2766-5887.1.103
Bouranene S
Volume 1 | Issue 1 Treatment of Wastewater by Material Based on Dates Rods Bouranene S*1 and Sedira N2 1Department of Process Engineering, University of Souk Ahras, Rue d’annaba, Souk-Ahras, Algeria 2Department of Material Sciences, University of Souk Ahras, Rue d’Annaba. Souk-Ahras, Algeria *Corresponding author: Bouranene S, Department of Process Engineering, University of Souk Ahras, Rue d’annaba, BP 1553, 41000 Souk-Ahras, Algeria, Tel: +213795258003, E-mail: saliha.bouranene@yahoo.fr
基于红枣棒材Bouranene S*1和Sedira N2的材料处理废水1苏克阿赫拉斯大学工艺工程系，Rue d’annaba 2苏克阿赫拉斯大学材料科学系，Rue d’annaba通讯作者:Bouranene S, Souk-Ahras大学过程工程系，Rue d 'annaba, BP 1553,41000，阿尔及利亚，Souk-Ahras, Tel: +213795258003, E-mail: saliha.bouranene@yahoo.fr
{"title":"Treatment of Wastewater by Material Based on Dates Rods","authors":"Bouranene S","doi":"10.15744/2766-5887.1.103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15744/2766-5887.1.103","url":null,"abstract":"Volume 1 | Issue 1 Treatment of Wastewater by Material Based on Dates Rods Bouranene S*1 and Sedira N2 1Department of Process Engineering, University of Souk Ahras, Rue d’annaba, Souk-Ahras, Algeria 2Department of Material Sciences, University of Souk Ahras, Rue d’Annaba. Souk-Ahras, Algeria *Corresponding author: Bouranene S, Department of Process Engineering, University of Souk Ahras, Rue d’annaba, BP 1553, 41000 Souk-Ahras, Algeria, Tel: +213795258003, E-mail: saliha.bouranene@yahoo.fr","PeriodicalId":226566,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Waste Resources and Recycling","volume":"893 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116382041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-01DOI: 10.15744/2766-5887.2.101
Zaki Mi
Cement kiln dust (denoted CKD) is by-produced during the calcination process in the kiln of cement clinker manufacturing plants [1,2]. It is a massive by-product (ca. 30 million tons/year worldwide and 5-20 % of the amount of cement clinker produced [3-5]) that is generally a heterogeneous mixture by chemistry and particulate size. These characteristics are dependent on the raw feed materials, fuels, kiln pyroprocessing type (dry or wet), overall equipment layout, and kind of cement being manufactured [4,6]. Chemically speaking, however, it includes oxides, carbonates, chlorides and sulfates of Ca, K, Na, Al, Fe and Si, with CaO/CaCO3 being its major constituent [2]. CKD is separated from the clinker kiln exhaust gas in order to prevent (i) the alkali content of the clinker from exceeding the maximum allowable value (≤0.6 %) [7], and (ii) the buildup of excessive salts (chlorides and sulfates) in the produced clinker [7].
{"title":"A Facil Water Treatment Rendering Cement Kiln Dust Reusable in Clinker Manufacturing","authors":"Zaki Mi","doi":"10.15744/2766-5887.2.101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15744/2766-5887.2.101","url":null,"abstract":"Cement kiln dust (denoted CKD) is by-produced during the calcination process in the kiln of cement clinker manufacturing plants [1,2]. It is a massive by-product (ca. 30 million tons/year worldwide and 5-20 % of the amount of cement clinker produced [3-5]) that is generally a heterogeneous mixture by chemistry and particulate size. These characteristics are dependent on the raw feed materials, fuels, kiln pyroprocessing type (dry or wet), overall equipment layout, and kind of cement being manufactured [4,6]. Chemically speaking, however, it includes oxides, carbonates, chlorides and sulfates of Ca, K, Na, Al, Fe and Si, with CaO/CaCO3 being its major constituent [2]. CKD is separated from the clinker kiln exhaust gas in order to prevent (i) the alkali content of the clinker from exceeding the maximum allowable value (≤0.6 %) [7], and (ii) the buildup of excessive salts (chlorides and sulfates) in the produced clinker [7].","PeriodicalId":226566,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Waste Resources and Recycling","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129653192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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