Video recording of ultrafast phenomena using a detector array based on the CCD or CMOS technologies is fundamentally limited by the sensor’s on-chip storage and data transfer speed. To get around this problem, the most practical approach is to utilize a streak camera. However, the resultant image is normally one dimensional—only a line of the scene can be seen at a time. Acquiring a two-dimensional image thus requires mechanical scanning across the entire field of view. This requirement poses severe restrictions on the applicable scenes because the event itself must be repetitive. To overcome these limitations, we have developed a new computational ultrafast imaging method, referred to as compressed ultrafast photography (CUP), which can capture two-dimensional dynamic scenes at up to 100 billion frames per second. Based on the concept of compressed sensing, CUP works by encoding the input scene with a random binary pattern in the spatial domain, followed by shearing the resultant image in a streak camera with a fully-opened entrance slit. The image reconstruction is the solution of the inverse problem of above processes. Given sparsity in the spatiotemporal domain, the original event datacube can be reasonably estimated by employing a two-step iterative shrinkage/thresholding algorithm. To demonstrate CUP, we imaged light reflection, refraction, and racing in two different media (air and resin). Our technique, for the first time, enables video recording of photon propagation at a temporal resolution down to tens of picoseconds. Moreover, to further expand CUP’s functionality, we added a color separation unit to the system, thereby allowing simultaneous acquisition of a four-dimensional datacube (x,y,t,λ), where λ is wavelength, within a single camera snapshot.
{"title":"Compressed ultrafast photography (CUP): redefining the limit of passive ultrafast imaging (Conference Presentation)","authors":"Liang Gao","doi":"10.1117/12.2211897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2211897","url":null,"abstract":"Video recording of ultrafast phenomena using a detector array based on the CCD or CMOS technologies is fundamentally limited by the sensor’s on-chip storage and data transfer speed. To get around this problem, the most practical approach is to utilize a streak camera. However, the resultant image is normally one dimensional—only a line of the scene can be seen at a time. Acquiring a two-dimensional image thus requires mechanical scanning across the entire field of view. This requirement poses severe restrictions on the applicable scenes because the event itself must be repetitive. To overcome these limitations, we have developed a new computational ultrafast imaging method, referred to as compressed ultrafast photography (CUP), which can capture two-dimensional dynamic scenes at up to 100 billion frames per second. Based on the concept of compressed sensing, CUP works by encoding the input scene with a random binary pattern in the spatial domain, followed by shearing the resultant image in a streak camera with a fully-opened entrance slit. The image reconstruction is the solution of the inverse problem of above processes. Given sparsity in the spatiotemporal domain, the original event datacube can be reasonably estimated by employing a two-step iterative shrinkage/thresholding algorithm. To demonstrate CUP, we imaged light reflection, refraction, and racing in two different media (air and resin). Our technique, for the first time, enables video recording of photon propagation at a temporal resolution down to tens of picoseconds. Moreover, to further expand CUP’s functionality, we added a color separation unit to the system, thereby allowing simultaneous acquisition of a four-dimensional datacube (x,y,t,λ), where λ is wavelength, within a single camera snapshot.","PeriodicalId":227483,"journal":{"name":"SPIE BiOS","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129421925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Bosworth, J. R. Stroud, D. Tran, T. Tran, S. Chin, M. Foster
High-speed continuous imaging systems are constrained by analog-to-digital conversion, storage, and transmission. However, real video signals of objects such as microscopic cells and particles require only a few percent or less of the full video bandwidth for high fidelity representation by modern compression algorithms. Compressed Sensing (CS) is a recent influential paradigm in signal processing that builds real-time compression into the acquisition step by computing inner products between the signal of interest and known random waveforms and then applying a nonlinear reconstruction algorithm. Here, we extend the continuous high-rate photonically-enabled compressed sensing (CHiRP-CS) framework to acquire motion contrast video of microscopic flowing objects. We employ chirp processing in optical fiber and high-speed electro-optic modulation to produce ultrashort pulses each with a unique pseudorandom binary sequence (PRBS) spectral pattern with 325 features per pulse at the full laser repetition rate (90 MHz). These PRBS-patterned pulses serve as random structured illumination inside a one-dimensional (1D) spatial disperser. By multiplexing the PRBS patterns with a user-defined repetition period, the difference signal y_i=phi_i (x_i - x_{i-tau}) can be computed optically with balanced detection, where x is the image signal, phi_i is the PRBS pattern, and tau is the repetition period of the patterns. Two-dimensional (2D) image reconstruction via iterative alternating minimization to find the best locally-sparse representation yields an image of the edges in the flow direction, corresponding to the spatial and temporal 1D derivative. This provides both a favorable representation for image segmentation and a sparser representation for many objects that can improve image compression.
{"title":"Compressive high speed flow microscopy with motion contrast (Conference Presentation)","authors":"B. Bosworth, J. R. Stroud, D. Tran, T. Tran, S. Chin, M. Foster","doi":"10.1117/12.2216602","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2216602","url":null,"abstract":"High-speed continuous imaging systems are constrained by analog-to-digital conversion, storage, and transmission. However, real video signals of objects such as microscopic cells and particles require only a few percent or less of the full video bandwidth for high fidelity representation by modern compression algorithms. Compressed Sensing (CS) is a recent influential paradigm in signal processing that builds real-time compression into the acquisition step by computing inner products between the signal of interest and known random waveforms and then applying a nonlinear reconstruction algorithm. Here, we extend the continuous high-rate photonically-enabled compressed sensing (CHiRP-CS) framework to acquire motion contrast video of microscopic flowing objects. We employ chirp processing in optical fiber and high-speed electro-optic modulation to produce ultrashort pulses each with a unique pseudorandom binary sequence (PRBS) spectral pattern with 325 features per pulse at the full laser repetition rate (90 MHz). These PRBS-patterned pulses serve as random structured illumination inside a one-dimensional (1D) spatial disperser. By multiplexing the PRBS patterns with a user-defined repetition period, the difference signal y_i=phi_i (x_i - x_{i-tau}) can be computed optically with balanced detection, where x is the image signal, phi_i is the PRBS pattern, and tau is the repetition period of the patterns. Two-dimensional (2D) image reconstruction via iterative alternating minimization to find the best locally-sparse representation yields an image of the edges in the flow direction, corresponding to the spatial and temporal 1D derivative. This provides both a favorable representation for image segmentation and a sparser representation for many objects that can improve image compression.","PeriodicalId":227483,"journal":{"name":"SPIE BiOS","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130044123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Xia, Naoya Nagahama, X. Quan, K. Nitta, O. Matoba, Y. Awatsuji
For defect detection or undesired object in commercial products, it is required to develop a fast measurement system that can obtain three-dimensional distribution of surface of the opaque medium such as metal or inside of the transparent medium. For this purpose, we fabricated a digital holographic microscope using a fast image sensor when the phase object is put on a fast movable stage. In the fabricated system, an image sensor operated at maximum frame rate of 2000 fps and a movable stage operated at maximum speed of 300 mm/s are introduced. Under the continuous wave illumination, motion-blurred phase object is reconstructed. By using numerical processing such as deconvolution filter, the reconstructed phase distribution is much improved. Numerical results are presented.
{"title":"Improvement of reconstructed phase distribution of fast moving phase object in digital holographic microscope","authors":"P. Xia, Naoya Nagahama, X. Quan, K. Nitta, O. Matoba, Y. Awatsuji","doi":"10.1117/12.2216745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2216745","url":null,"abstract":"For defect detection or undesired object in commercial products, it is required to develop a fast measurement system that can obtain three-dimensional distribution of surface of the opaque medium such as metal or inside of the transparent medium. For this purpose, we fabricated a digital holographic microscope using a fast image sensor when the phase object is put on a fast movable stage. In the fabricated system, an image sensor operated at maximum frame rate of 2000 fps and a movable stage operated at maximum speed of 300 mm/s are introduced. Under the continuous wave illumination, motion-blurred phase object is reconstructed. By using numerical processing such as deconvolution filter, the reconstructed phase distribution is much improved. Numerical results are presented.","PeriodicalId":227483,"journal":{"name":"SPIE BiOS","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122710528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Furukawa, M. Kawakami, A. Saito, K. Sakai, Taizo Hayashida, K. Toba
Based on the world-first 3D gel printing technology, we aim to develop 3D gel printing system to realize free-shape design of soft and wet materials. We defined ‘Designable Gels’ as revolutionary gels whose molecular structure, shape, and functions can be designed by users. By virtue of the 3D gel printing system, we can use 3D high-performance gels materials and realize both designed 3D shape and designed properties. At the same time, analysis technology with scanning microscopic light scattering will be immediately used to guarantee the quality of manufactured gels. We believe we will contribute to extend the fields of medical and robot applications and create new markets.
{"title":"Revolutionary 3D printing systems of designable gels to develop novel applications and markets (Conference Presentation)","authors":"H. Furukawa, M. Kawakami, A. Saito, K. Sakai, Taizo Hayashida, K. Toba","doi":"10.1117/12.2222418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2222418","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the world-first 3D gel printing technology, we aim to develop 3D gel printing system to realize free-shape design of soft and wet materials. We defined ‘Designable Gels’ as revolutionary gels whose molecular structure, shape, and functions can be designed by users. By virtue of the 3D gel printing system, we can use 3D high-performance gels materials and realize both designed 3D shape and designed properties. At the same time, analysis technology with scanning microscopic light scattering will be immediately used to guarantee the quality of manufactured gels. We believe we will contribute to extend the fields of medical and robot applications and create new markets.","PeriodicalId":227483,"journal":{"name":"SPIE BiOS","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121899362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Optical microscopy of live cells and tissues provides the main insight for life science researchers in academia and bio-pharma. The cells have very small features, are transparent, and require long term observations (hours to days) to measure the effects of drugs and diseases. New technologies - under the umbrella term of Quantitative Phase Imaging (QPI) - have come to light in the past decade to challenge and complement the current state of the art solutions that use fluorophores. Phi Optics talk will outline their lessons learned in the process of bringing an academic idea to the commercial space.
{"title":"Phi optics: from image to knowledge (Conference Presentation)","authors":"C. Chiritescu","doi":"10.1117/12.2214895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2214895","url":null,"abstract":"Optical microscopy of live cells and tissues provides the main insight for life science researchers in academia and bio-pharma. The cells have very small features, are transparent, and require long term observations (hours to days) to measure the effects of drugs and diseases. New technologies - under the umbrella term of Quantitative Phase Imaging (QPI) - have come to light in the past decade to challenge and complement the current state of the art solutions that use fluorophores. Phi Optics talk will outline their lessons learned in the process of bringing an academic idea to the commercial space.","PeriodicalId":227483,"journal":{"name":"SPIE BiOS","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127117536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y. Shechtman, Lucien E. Weiss, Adam S. Backer, W. Moerner
We extend the information content of the microscope’s point-spread-function (PSF) by adding a new degree of freedom: spectral information. We demonstrate controllable encoding of a microscopic emitter’s spectral information (color) and 3D position in the shape of the microscope’s PSF. The design scheme works by exploiting the chromatic dispersion of an optical element placed in the optical path. By using numerical optimization we design a single physical pattern that yields different desired phase delay patterns for different wavelengths. To demonstrate the method’s applicability experimentally, we apply it to super-resolution imaging and to multiple particle tracking.
{"title":"Multicolor single-molecule imaging by spectral point-spread-function engineering (Conference Presentation)","authors":"Y. Shechtman, Lucien E. Weiss, Adam S. Backer, W. Moerner","doi":"10.1117/12.2208982","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2208982","url":null,"abstract":"We extend the information content of the microscope’s point-spread-function (PSF) by adding a new degree of freedom: spectral information. We demonstrate controllable encoding of a microscopic emitter’s spectral information (color) and 3D position in the shape of the microscope’s PSF. The design scheme works by exploiting the chromatic dispersion of an optical element placed in the optical path. By using numerical optimization we design a single physical pattern that yields different desired phase delay patterns for different wavelengths. To demonstrate the method’s applicability experimentally, we apply it to super-resolution imaging and to multiple particle tracking.","PeriodicalId":227483,"journal":{"name":"SPIE BiOS","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132111431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Sigal, A. M. C. Caravaca Aguirre, R. Gad, R. Piestun, O. Levi
We demonstrate a single multi-mode fiber-based micro-endoscope for measuring blood flow speeds. We use the transmission-matrix wavefront shaping approach to calibrate the multi-mode fiber and raster-scan a focal spot across the distal fiber facet, imaging the cross-polarized back-reflected light at the proximal facet using a camera. This setup allows assessment of the backscattered photon statistics: by computing the mean speckle contrast values across the proximal fiber facet we show that spatially-resolved flow speed maps can be inferred by selecting an appropriate camera integration time. The proposed system is promising for minimally-invasive studies of neurovascular coupling in deep brain structures.
{"title":"Label free imaging system for measuring blood flow speeds using a single multi-mode optical fiber (Conference Presentation)","authors":"I. Sigal, A. M. C. Caravaca Aguirre, R. Gad, R. Piestun, O. Levi","doi":"10.1117/12.2213173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2213173","url":null,"abstract":"We demonstrate a single multi-mode fiber-based micro-endoscope for measuring blood flow speeds. We use the transmission-matrix wavefront shaping approach to calibrate the multi-mode fiber and raster-scan a focal spot across the distal fiber facet, imaging the cross-polarized back-reflected light at the proximal facet using a camera. This setup allows assessment of the backscattered photon statistics: by computing the mean speckle contrast values across the proximal fiber facet we show that spatially-resolved flow speed maps can be inferred by selecting an appropriate camera integration time. The proposed system is promising for minimally-invasive studies of neurovascular coupling in deep brain structures.","PeriodicalId":227483,"journal":{"name":"SPIE BiOS","volume":"156 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123330142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Balberg, Ksawery Kalinowski, M. Levi, N. Shaked
We demonstrate quantitative assessment of sperm cell morphology, primarily acrosomal volume, using quantitative interference phase microscopy (IPM). Normally, the area of the acrosome is assessed using dyes that stain the acrosomal part of the cell. We have imaged fixed individual sperm cells using IPM. Following, the sample was stained and the same cells were imaged using bright field microscopy (BFM). We identified the acrosome using the stained BFM image, and used it to define a quantitative corresponding area in the IPM image and determine a quantitative threshold for evaluating the volume of the acrosome.
{"title":"Using quantitative interference phase microscopy for sperm acrosome evaluation (Conference Presentation)","authors":"M. Balberg, Ksawery Kalinowski, M. Levi, N. Shaked","doi":"10.1117/12.2216724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2216724","url":null,"abstract":"We demonstrate quantitative assessment of sperm cell morphology, primarily acrosomal volume, using quantitative interference phase microscopy (IPM). Normally, the area of the acrosome is assessed using dyes that stain the acrosomal part of the cell. We have imaged fixed individual sperm cells using IPM. Following, the sample was stained and the same cells were imaged using bright field microscopy (BFM). We identified the acrosome using the stained BFM image, and used it to define a quantitative corresponding area in the IPM image and determine a quantitative threshold for evaluating the volume of the acrosome.","PeriodicalId":227483,"journal":{"name":"SPIE BiOS","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131337454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Goldys, M. Gosnell, A. Anwer, J. C. Cassano, C. Sue, S. Mahbub, S. M. Pernichery, D. Inglis, Partho P. Adhikary, J. Jazayeri, M. Cahill, S. Saad, C. Pollock, M. Sutton-Mcdowall, Jeremy G. Thompson
Automated and unbiased methods of non-invasive cell monitoring able to deal with complex biological heterogeneity are fundamentally important for biology and medicine. Label-free cell imaging provides information about endogenous fluorescent metabolites, enzymes and cofactors in cells. However extracting high content information from imaging of native fluorescence has been hitherto impossible. Here, we quantitatively characterise cell populations in different tissue types, live or fixed, by using novel image processing and a simple multispectral upgrade of a wide-field fluorescence microscope. Multispectral intrinsic fluorescence imaging was applied to patient olfactory neurosphere-derived cells, cell model of a human metabolic disease MELAS (mitochondrial myopathy, encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, stroke-like syndrome). By using an endogenous source of contrast, subtle metabolic variations have been detected between living cells in their full morphological context which made it possible to distinguish healthy from diseased cells before and after therapy. Cellular maps of native fluorophores, flavins, bound and free NADH and retinoids unveiled subtle metabolic signatures and helped uncover significant cell subpopulations, in particular a subpopulation with compromised mitochondrial function. The versatility of our method is further illustrated by detecting genetic mutations in cancer, non-invasive monitoring of CD90 expression, label-free tracking of stem cell differentiation, identifying stem cell subpopulations with varying functional characteristics, tissue diagnostics in diabetes, and assessing the condition of preimplantation embryos. Our optimal discrimination approach enables statistical hypothesis testing and intuitive visualisations where previously undetectable differences become clearly apparent.
{"title":"Deconstructing autofluorescence: non-invasive detection and monitoring of biochemistry in cells and tissues (Conference Presentation)","authors":"E. Goldys, M. Gosnell, A. Anwer, J. C. Cassano, C. Sue, S. Mahbub, S. M. Pernichery, D. Inglis, Partho P. Adhikary, J. Jazayeri, M. Cahill, S. Saad, C. Pollock, M. Sutton-Mcdowall, Jeremy G. Thompson","doi":"10.1117/12.2212443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2212443","url":null,"abstract":"Automated and unbiased methods of non-invasive cell monitoring able to deal with complex biological heterogeneity are fundamentally important for biology and medicine. Label-free cell imaging provides information about endogenous fluorescent metabolites, enzymes and cofactors in cells. However extracting high content information from imaging of native fluorescence has been hitherto impossible. Here, we quantitatively characterise cell populations in different tissue types, live or fixed, by using novel image processing and a simple multispectral upgrade of a wide-field fluorescence microscope. Multispectral intrinsic fluorescence imaging was applied to patient olfactory neurosphere-derived cells, cell model of a human metabolic disease MELAS (mitochondrial myopathy, encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, stroke-like syndrome). By using an endogenous source of contrast, subtle metabolic variations have been detected between living cells in their full morphological context which made it possible to distinguish healthy from diseased cells before and after therapy. Cellular maps of native fluorophores, flavins, bound and free NADH and retinoids unveiled subtle metabolic signatures and helped uncover significant cell subpopulations, in particular a subpopulation with compromised mitochondrial function. The versatility of our method is further illustrated by detecting genetic mutations in cancer, non-invasive monitoring of CD90 expression, label-free tracking of stem cell differentiation, identifying stem cell subpopulations with varying functional characteristics, tissue diagnostics in diabetes, and assessing the condition of preimplantation embryos. Our optimal discrimination approach enables statistical hypothesis testing and intuitive visualisations where previously undetectable differences become clearly apparent.","PeriodicalId":227483,"journal":{"name":"SPIE BiOS","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126863125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
We developed crystalline AgClBr fibers of diameters 0.7-0.9mm that are flexible, non-toxic, insoluble in water and highly transparent between 4-15µm. We used these fibers for various sensing applications. Highly sensitive absorption measurements in the mid-IR may be carried out by Fiber-optic Evanescent Wave Spectroscopy (FEWS). A typical FEWS system is based on three mid-IR components: a tunable source, a detector and a AgClBr fiber sensor that is brought in contact with the samples. We used FTIR spectrometers or tunable gas lasers or quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) as mid-IR sources. We used this FEWS system for measurements on gases, liquids and solids. In particular we used it for several biomedical applications. Measurements in vivo: (1) Early detection of skin diseases (e.g. melanoma). (2) Measurements on cells and bacteria. (3) Measurements on cornea. Measurements in vitro: (4) Characterization of urinary and biliary stones. (5) Blood measurements. The FEWS method is simple, inexpensive and does not require sample processing. It would be useful for diagnostic measurements on the outer part of the body of a patient, as well as for endoscopic measurements. It would also useful for measurements on tissue samples removed from the body. In addition we develop Scanning Near-field Infrared Microscope that will be used for spectral imaging with sub-wavelength resolution in the mid-IR. The various AgClBr fiber-optic sensors are expected to be important diagnostic tools at the hand of physicians in the future.
{"title":"IR fiber-optic evanescent wave spectroscopy (FEWS) for sensing applications (Conference Presentation)","authors":"A. Katzir","doi":"10.1117/12.2209130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2209130","url":null,"abstract":"We developed crystalline AgClBr fibers of diameters 0.7-0.9mm that are flexible, non-toxic, insoluble in water and highly transparent between 4-15µm. We used these fibers for various sensing applications. Highly sensitive absorption measurements in the mid-IR may be carried out by Fiber-optic Evanescent Wave Spectroscopy (FEWS). A typical FEWS system is based on three mid-IR components: a tunable source, a detector and a AgClBr fiber sensor that is brought in contact with the samples. We used FTIR spectrometers or tunable gas lasers or quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) as mid-IR sources. We used this FEWS system for measurements on gases, liquids and solids. In particular we used it for several biomedical applications. Measurements in vivo: (1) Early detection of skin diseases (e.g. melanoma). (2) Measurements on cells and bacteria. (3) Measurements on cornea. Measurements in vitro: (4) Characterization of urinary and biliary stones. (5) Blood measurements. The FEWS method is simple, inexpensive and does not require sample processing. It would be useful for diagnostic measurements on the outer part of the body of a patient, as well as for endoscopic measurements. It would also useful for measurements on tissue samples removed from the body. In addition we develop Scanning Near-field Infrared Microscope that will be used for spectral imaging with sub-wavelength resolution in the mid-IR. The various AgClBr fiber-optic sensors are expected to be important diagnostic tools at the hand of physicians in the future.","PeriodicalId":227483,"journal":{"name":"SPIE BiOS","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128098676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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