Pub Date : 2024-04-05DOI: 10.1017/s0022215124000215
Emeline Chane-Law, Grégoire Prum, Remi Mallart, Eric Verin
Objective
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of oropharyngeal dysphagia among institutionalised children with multiple disabilities, a topic with limited literature coverage.
Methods
The study employed a questionnaire, specifically the F-PEDI-EAT-10, to screen for dysphagia in children. Trained nurses administered the questionnaire to the participants.
Results
The study included 117 children with multiple disabilities (51.3 per cent boys and 48.7 per cent girls) with an average age of 14 ± 4.7 years. The questionnaire revealed that 53 per cent (n = 62) of the children had a positive score and, surprisingly, 29 per cent of them (n = 18) did not have a confirmed diagnosis of oropharyngeal dysphagia. Notably, children with a positive F-PEDI-EAT-10 score had a significantly higher prevalence of pneumopathy and undernutrition compared with those with a negative score.
Conclusion
This study underscores the high prevalence of oropharyngeal dysphagia among children with multiple disabilities, a condition that is often underdiagnosed.
{"title":"Oropharyngeal dysphagia in children with multiple disabilities","authors":"Emeline Chane-Law, Grégoire Prum, Remi Mallart, Eric Verin","doi":"10.1017/s0022215124000215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022215124000215","url":null,"abstract":"<span>Objective</span><p>This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of oropharyngeal dysphagia among institutionalised children with multiple disabilities, a topic with limited literature coverage.</p><span>Methods</span><p>The study employed a questionnaire, specifically the F-PEDI-EAT-10, to screen for dysphagia in children. Trained nurses administered the questionnaire to the participants.</p><span>Results</span><p>The study included 117 children with multiple disabilities (51.3 per cent boys and 48.7 per cent girls) with an average age of 14 ± 4.7 years. The questionnaire revealed that 53 per cent (<span>n</span> = 62) of the children had a positive score and, surprisingly, 29 per cent of them (<span>n</span> = 18) did not have a confirmed diagnosis of oropharyngeal dysphagia. Notably, children with a positive F-PEDI-EAT-10 score had a significantly higher prevalence of pneumopathy and undernutrition compared with those with a negative score.</p><span>Conclusion</span><p>This study underscores the high prevalence of oropharyngeal dysphagia among children with multiple disabilities, a condition that is often underdiagnosed.</p>","PeriodicalId":22757,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Laryngology & Otology","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140809424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-09DOI: 10.1017/s0022215100600439
Elspeth Facer
This can conveniently be divided into two parts. First, anaesthesia for diagnostic endoscopy and further assessment of subglottic stenosis and, second, anaesthesia for laryngeal reconstructive surgery.
{"title":"Anaesthesia for diagnosis and treatment of subglottic stenosis","authors":"Elspeth Facer","doi":"10.1017/s0022215100600439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100600439","url":null,"abstract":"This can conveniently be divided into two parts. First, anaesthesia for diagnostic endoscopy and further assessment of subglottic stenosis and, second, anaesthesia for laryngeal reconstructive surgery.","PeriodicalId":22757,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Laryngology & Otology","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138534584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-09DOI: 10.1017/s0022215100600361
R. P. Mills
A survey of 67 patients with 74 mastoid cavities has been carried out. During the study period they made a total of 126 cavity/outpatient visits. Thirty-five patients (56 per cent) had discharge from at least one cavity on at least one outpatient visit. At only 5 per cent of visits was the discharge classified as profuse. A retrospective study of 54 mastoid revision operations on 51 patients has been made. Overall 59 per cent of operations resulted in a dry ear. The best results were achieved by carrying out cavity revision combined with a meatoplasty (83 per cent dry ears). Cavity revision alone produced a dry ear in only 57 per cent of cases. The worst results were produced by soft tissue obliteration (33 per cent dry ears). This supplement also presents the early results of a prospective investigation of bone pate obliteration of mastoid cavities. Of the eight cases studied so far, five (63 per cent) have dry ears following surgery. Three of the patients in this group had undergone previous unsuccessful revision surgery using other techniques. Cavity revision with meatoplasty is the technique of choice for most patients, but mastoid obliteration offers potential advantages for younger patients, particularly those wishing to swim.
{"title":"Surgical management of the discharging mastoid cavity","authors":"R. P. Mills","doi":"10.1017/s0022215100600361","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100600361","url":null,"abstract":"A survey of 67 patients with 74 mastoid cavities has been carried out. During the study period they made a total of 126 cavity/outpatient visits. Thirty-five patients (56 per cent) had discharge from at least one cavity on at least one outpatient visit. At only 5 per cent of visits was the discharge classified as profuse. A retrospective study of 54 mastoid revision operations on 51 patients has been made. Overall 59 per cent of operations resulted in a dry ear. The best results were achieved by carrying out cavity revision combined with a meatoplasty (83 per cent dry ears). Cavity revision alone produced a dry ear in only 57 per cent of cases. The worst results were produced by soft tissue obliteration (33 per cent dry ears). This supplement also presents the early results of a prospective investigation of bone pate obliteration of mastoid cavities. Of the eight cases studied so far, five (63 per cent) have dry ears following surgery. Three of the patients in this group had undergone previous unsuccessful revision surgery using other techniques. Cavity revision with meatoplasty is the technique of choice for most patients, but mastoid obliteration offers potential advantages for younger patients, particularly those wishing to swim.","PeriodicalId":22757,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Laryngology & Otology","volume":"187 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138534608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-09DOI: 10.1017/s0022215100600427
P. D. Bull
Historically, tracheostomy has been performed from about the first century, and instruments were devised to carry out such a procedure. Relief of airway obstruction was later facilitated by instruments to perforate the cricothyroid membrane and at the turn of the century, O'Dwyer introduced an instrument to allow blind intubation of the larynx with a metal cannula. Direct visualization of the larynx for the purposes of diagnosis and treatment was effectively delayed until general anaesthesia became available, and early laryngoscopes and bronchoscopes were hampered by poor illumination and difficulty in maintaining oxygenation. The invention of fibreoptic lighting overcame the former problem to a large degree, but easy maintenance of oxygenation and anesthesia during bronchoscopy has been revolutionized by the invention of rigid ventilating bronchoscopes.
{"title":"Subglottic stenosis—instrumentation and documentation","authors":"P. D. Bull","doi":"10.1017/s0022215100600427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100600427","url":null,"abstract":"Historically, tracheostomy has been performed from about the first century, and instruments were devised to carry out such a procedure. Relief of airway obstruction was later facilitated by instruments to perforate the cricothyroid membrane and at the turn of the century, O'Dwyer introduced an instrument to allow blind intubation of the larynx with a metal cannula. Direct visualization of the larynx for the purposes of diagnosis and treatment was effectively delayed until general anaesthesia became available, and early laryngoscopes and bronchoscopes were hampered by poor illumination and difficulty in maintaining oxygenation. The invention of fibreoptic lighting overcame the former problem to a large degree, but easy maintenance of oxygenation and anesthesia during bronchoscopy has been revolutionized by the invention of rigid ventilating bronchoscopes.","PeriodicalId":22757,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Laryngology & Otology","volume":"11 6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138534609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-09DOI: 10.1017/s0022215100600348
Valerie Joan Lund
The operation of inferior meatal antrostomy has emerged as the most popular surgical technique in the management of maxillary sinusitis though the surgical anatomy and natural history of the procedure are poorly understood. The anatomy of the inferior meatus determines surgical limitations and a retrospective study of 108 patients who have undergone antrostomy provides a oasis for a prospective study in which the size of the antrostomy has been assessed in 65 patients pre- and post-operatively using direct measurement and serial photography. After initial circumferential healing within the first few weeks, the majority remain unchanged unless infection supervenes when complete closure may result. The closure is a combination of fibrous tissue and bone in the majority of cases. A critical size is apparent below which complete closure can be anticipated whereas if too large an antrostomy is fashioned, related anatomy is jeopardised and therefore the dimensions must be carefully judged if long-term patency is desired. The effect of patency on the mucus-secreting elements of sinus mucosa is examined in a second prospective group of 19 patients. Assessment of subjective clinical success determines overall benefit from the operation in most patients though mucous discharge is least improved and this is directly related to the level of increase in goblet cells. The role of the inferior meatal antrostomy is dependent upon an understanding of the pathophysiology of sinusitis and thereby determining those patients who have potentially reversible mucosal damage and are therefore most likely to benefit from the procedure.
{"title":"Fundamental Considerations of Design and Function","authors":"Valerie Joan Lund","doi":"10.1017/s0022215100600348","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100600348","url":null,"abstract":"The operation of inferior meatal antrostomy has emerged as the most popular surgical technique in the management of maxillary sinusitis though the surgical anatomy and natural history of the procedure are poorly understood. The anatomy of the inferior meatus determines surgical limitations and a retrospective study of 108 patients who have undergone antrostomy provides a oasis for a prospective study in which the size of the antrostomy has been assessed in 65 patients pre- and post-operatively using direct measurement and serial photography. After initial circumferential healing within the first few weeks, the majority remain unchanged unless infection supervenes when complete closure may result. The closure is a combination of fibrous tissue and bone in the majority of cases. A critical size is apparent below which complete closure can be anticipated whereas if too large an antrostomy is fashioned, related anatomy is jeopardised and therefore the dimensions must be carefully judged if long-term patency is desired. The effect of patency on the mucus-secreting elements of sinus mucosa is examined in a second prospective group of 19 patients. Assessment of subjective clinical success determines overall benefit from the operation in most patients though mucous discharge is least improved and this is directly related to the level of increase in goblet cells. The role of the inferior meatal antrostomy is dependent upon an understanding of the pathophysiology of sinusitis and thereby determining those patients who have potentially reversible mucosal damage and are therefore most likely to benefit from the procedure.","PeriodicalId":22757,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Laryngology & Otology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138534595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-09DOI: 10.1017/s0022215100600440
Penny Jennings
In this paper, I shall mention a survey I undertook in September 1986 on the prevalence and aetiology of tracheostomy among children in the U.K. (Jennings, 1987). Four hundred and fifty-five members of the British Association of Otolaryngologists were circulated with a questionnaire and 58 per cent responded.
{"title":"Nursing and home aspects of the care of a child with tracheostomy","authors":"Penny Jennings","doi":"10.1017/s0022215100600440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100600440","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, I shall mention a survey I undertook in September 1986 on the prevalence and aetiology of tracheostomy among children in the U.K. (Jennings, 1987). Four hundred and fifty-five members of the British Association of Otolaryngologists were circulated with a questionnaire and 58 per cent responded.","PeriodicalId":22757,"journal":{"name":"The Journal of Laryngology & Otology","volume":"286 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138534591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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