Pub Date : 2022-10-08DOI: 10.11113/jmeditec.v1n1.17
Mariaulpa Sahalan, Aidil Munir Mazlee, Farah Nabila Mustafa Amirrudin, Nurafiqah Syazwani Mohd Jamil, Rahwani Nasir, Nusrah Athirah Suhaimi, Jareer Murtaza Amin, Ahmad Naqib Mohd Qari
The manual histology assessment on the biopsy tissue sample still remains the gold standard procedure for cancer and its progression in human body. Auto nuclei segmentation is an important method to measure cellularity but often suffered an issue due to the present of overlapping nuclei. The implementation of auto segmentation of cells could speed up the process of histology assessment for cancer cases. The first step to implement, a wide data profile of normal and cancerous need to be compile and analyze further as a reference guide. Tissue data profile can be collected based on cellularity property of the tissue which can be automatically segmented using MATLAB software. The objective of the study is to develop an auto nuclei segmentation using MATLAB software to measure cellularity between normal and cancerous cells of lymph node tissue. Histological images of the tissue were analyzed using MATLAB software by using thresholding method and the result was compared with ImageJ. The pre-processing part of the image processing incudes converting the image into 8-bit grayscale image. The segmentation parts include adaptive filtering to remove the noise using Wiener filter and the thresholding Otsu method. Results from the ImajeJ and manual counting on the cellularity shows a comparable results to the automated cellularity measured using MATLAB. The cellularity of the cancerous lymph nodes was found lower than normal lymph nodes.
{"title":"Auto Segmentation of Lymph Node Microscopy Images","authors":"Mariaulpa Sahalan, Aidil Munir Mazlee, Farah Nabila Mustafa Amirrudin, Nurafiqah Syazwani Mohd Jamil, Rahwani Nasir, Nusrah Athirah Suhaimi, Jareer Murtaza Amin, Ahmad Naqib Mohd Qari","doi":"10.11113/jmeditec.v1n1.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/jmeditec.v1n1.17","url":null,"abstract":"The manual histology assessment on the biopsy tissue sample still remains the gold standard procedure for cancer and its progression in human body. Auto nuclei segmentation is an important method to measure cellularity but often suffered an issue due to the present of overlapping nuclei. The implementation of auto segmentation of cells could speed up the process of histology assessment for cancer cases. The first step to implement, a wide data profile of normal and cancerous need to be compile and analyze further as a reference guide. Tissue data profile can be collected based on cellularity property of the tissue which can be automatically segmented using MATLAB software. The objective of the study is to develop an auto nuclei segmentation using MATLAB software to measure cellularity between normal and cancerous cells of lymph node tissue. Histological images of the tissue were analyzed using MATLAB software by using thresholding method and the result was compared with ImageJ. The pre-processing part of the image processing incudes converting the image into 8-bit grayscale image. The segmentation parts include adaptive filtering to remove the noise using Wiener filter and the thresholding Otsu method. Results from the ImajeJ and manual counting on the cellularity shows a comparable results to the automated cellularity measured using MATLAB. The cellularity of the cancerous lymph nodes was found lower than normal lymph nodes.","PeriodicalId":230612,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Device Technology","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122895296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-08DOI: 10.11113/jmeditec.v1n1.9
Nanda Novziransyah, Ira Aini Dania
Every workplace has always various potential risk that can affect the health of the workers or can cause work-related illnesses. One of the physical conditions and work environment that is dangerous is noise. The higher intensity of noise and the longer the workers are exposed to noise, the higher the risk of workers experiencing hearing loss. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of risk factors with noise due to hearing disorder in furniture workers along Jalan Pahlawan in Medan City, Sumatera Utara Province, Indonesia, 2019.This study was an observational analytic study with a cross sectional research design. This study uses a population of furniture workers along Jalan Pahlawan and using accidental sampling in the sampling method of 30 respondents. Data was carried out by measuring the noise intensity in the work area of furniture production and give questionnaires to 30 respondents who are working. Data analysis techniques used are univariate and bivariate analysis. The results of the study show that there is a relationship between noise intensity and hearing disorder (p=0,001<α=0,05); there is a relationship between the age of the worker and hearing disorder (p=0,000<α=0,05); there is a relationship between period of work with hearing disorder (p=0,025<α=0,05); there is a duration of work relationship with hearing disorder (p=0,010<α=0,05); there is a relationship between the use of ear protector and hearing disorder(p=0.001<α=0,05) in furniture workers along Jalan Pahlawan in Medan City.
{"title":"Factors Related to Hearing Complaints Due to Noise on Furniture Workers in Medan City – Indonesia.","authors":"Nanda Novziransyah, Ira Aini Dania","doi":"10.11113/jmeditec.v1n1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/jmeditec.v1n1.9","url":null,"abstract":"Every workplace has always various potential risk that can affect the health of the workers or can cause work-related illnesses. One of the physical conditions and work environment that is dangerous is noise. The higher intensity of noise and the longer the workers are exposed to noise, the higher the risk of workers experiencing hearing loss. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship of risk factors with noise due to hearing disorder in furniture workers along Jalan Pahlawan in Medan City, Sumatera Utara Province, Indonesia, 2019.This study was an observational analytic study with a cross sectional research design. This study uses a population of furniture workers along Jalan Pahlawan and using accidental sampling in the sampling method of 30 respondents. Data was carried out by measuring the noise intensity in the work area of furniture production and give questionnaires to 30 respondents who are working. Data analysis techniques used are univariate and bivariate analysis. The results of the study show that there is a relationship between noise intensity and hearing disorder (p=0,001<α=0,05); there is a relationship between the age of the worker and hearing disorder (p=0,000<α=0,05); there is a relationship between period of work with hearing disorder (p=0,025<α=0,05); there is a duration of work relationship with hearing disorder (p=0,010<α=0,05); there is a relationship between the use of ear protector and hearing disorder(p=0.001<α=0,05) in furniture workers along Jalan Pahlawan in Medan City.","PeriodicalId":230612,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Device Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129185110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-08DOI: 10.11113/jmeditec.v1n1.13
Khalida Fakhruddin, Belal Yahya Hussein Al-Tam, Abdallah Nasser Sayed, Zarin Mesbah, Angelique Maryann Pereira Anthony Jerald Pereira, Al Ameerah Elza Toto Syaputri, Mohamad Ikhwan Jamaludin
In the additive manufacturing method known as 3D bioprinting, living cells and nutrients are joined with organic and biological components to produce synthetic structures that resemble natural human tissues. To put it another way, bioprinting is a type of 3D printing that can create anything from bone tissue and blood vessels to living tissues for a range of medical purposes, including tissue engineering and drug testing and discovery. During the bioprinting process, a solution of a biomaterial or a mixture of several biomaterials in the hydrogel form, usually encapsulating the desired cell types, which are termed as bioink, is used for creating tissue constructs. This bioink can be cross-linked or stabilised during or immediately after bioprinting to generate the designed construct's final shape, structure, and architecture. This report thus offers a comprehensive review of the 3D bioprinting technology along with associated 3D bioprinting methods including ink-jet printing, extrusion printing, stereolithography, laser-assisted bioprinting and microfluidic techniques. We also focus on the types of materials, cell source, maturing, the implant of various representative tissue and organs, including blood vessels, bone and cartilage as well as recent advancements related to 3D bioprinting technology.
{"title":"3D Bioprinting: Introduction and Recent Advancement","authors":"Khalida Fakhruddin, Belal Yahya Hussein Al-Tam, Abdallah Nasser Sayed, Zarin Mesbah, Angelique Maryann Pereira Anthony Jerald Pereira, Al Ameerah Elza Toto Syaputri, Mohamad Ikhwan Jamaludin","doi":"10.11113/jmeditec.v1n1.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/jmeditec.v1n1.13","url":null,"abstract":"In the additive manufacturing method known as 3D bioprinting, living cells and nutrients are joined with organic and biological components to produce synthetic structures that resemble natural human tissues. To put it another way, bioprinting is a type of 3D printing that can create anything from bone tissue and blood vessels to living tissues for a range of medical purposes, including tissue engineering and drug testing and discovery. During the bioprinting process, a solution of a biomaterial or a mixture of several biomaterials in the hydrogel form, usually encapsulating the desired cell types, which are termed as bioink, is used for creating tissue constructs. This bioink can be cross-linked or stabilised during or immediately after bioprinting to generate the designed construct's final shape, structure, and architecture. This report thus offers a comprehensive review of the 3D bioprinting technology along with associated 3D bioprinting methods including ink-jet printing, extrusion printing, stereolithography, laser-assisted bioprinting and microfluidic techniques. We also focus on the types of materials, cell source, maturing, the implant of various representative tissue and organs, including blood vessels, bone and cartilage as well as recent advancements related to 3D bioprinting technology.","PeriodicalId":230612,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Device Technology","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132823799","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-08DOI: 10.11113/jmeditec.v1n1.15
S. N. S. Sayed Daud, R. Sudirman, Norhafizah Norhafizah
Discovering brain activities during mental and cognitive assessments is interesting research work. It aids people in understanding how the information is stimulated and processed in the brain. This recent work aims to investigate brain activities using electroencephalography (EEG) under audio and verbal memory assessment stimulation. Besides, the effect of audio on verbal memory performance was investigated based on behavioral data and its association with EEG patterns. The subject was required to memorize a list of words at three difficulties level under control conditions, listening to their favorite song, and exposure to ambient noise. The brain signal was acquired during the memorizing period using an EEG machine based 10-20 electrode placement system. The raw EEG signal was filtered using a Butterworth bandpass filter at 4 to 40 Hz. After that, the brain rhythms of alpha, beta, gamma, and theta were extracted from the EEG signal. The mean voltage and relative rhythm power were obtained to determine their pattern under provided stimulation. The findings indicated that the mean EEG voltage and relative rhythms power were the highest and the most influenced under audio stimulation for all assessment phases compared to the control condition. The relative rhythm power showed the increment and decrement trend relative to the control condition. Theta rhythms exhibit the highest relative power with the maximum value found in ambient noise stimulation. The behavioral data revealed that the subject memorized better the word lists in ambient noise conditions.
{"title":"Electroencephalogram Pattern under Exposure of Audio Stimulation and Verbal Memory Assessment","authors":"S. N. S. Sayed Daud, R. Sudirman, Norhafizah Norhafizah","doi":"10.11113/jmeditec.v1n1.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/jmeditec.v1n1.15","url":null,"abstract":"Discovering brain activities during mental and cognitive assessments is interesting research work. It aids people in understanding how the information is stimulated and processed in the brain. This recent work aims to investigate brain activities using electroencephalography (EEG) under audio and verbal memory assessment stimulation. Besides, the effect of audio on verbal memory performance was investigated based on behavioral data and its association with EEG patterns. The subject was required to memorize a list of words at three difficulties level under control conditions, listening to their favorite song, and exposure to ambient noise. The brain signal was acquired during the memorizing period using an EEG machine based 10-20 electrode placement system. The raw EEG signal was filtered using a Butterworth bandpass filter at 4 to 40 Hz. After that, the brain rhythms of alpha, beta, gamma, and theta were extracted from the EEG signal. The mean voltage and relative rhythm power were obtained to determine their pattern under provided stimulation. The findings indicated that the mean EEG voltage and relative rhythms power were the highest and the most influenced under audio stimulation for all assessment phases compared to the control condition. The relative rhythm power showed the increment and decrement trend relative to the control condition. Theta rhythms exhibit the highest relative power with the maximum value found in ambient noise stimulation. The behavioral data revealed that the subject memorized better the word lists in ambient noise conditions.","PeriodicalId":230612,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Device Technology","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129927703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-08DOI: 10.11113/jmeditec.v1n1.16
Norhana Jusoh, Muhammad Aqil Mustafa Kamal Arifin, Muhammad Hamizan Hilmi Sulaiman, Muhammad Aiman Mohd Zaki, Nurul Ammira Mohd Noh, Nur Afiqah Ahmad Nahran, Koshelya Selvaganeson, Amy Nurain Syamimi Ali Akbar
Scaffold plays a significant role in promoting cells proliferation and differentiation in bone regeneration. Permeability is one of the factors that affect the function as it is able to extract waste and supply nutrients or oxygen. The aim of this study was to design different pore shapes and to simulate its fluid model in order to predict permeability value of the scaffold. There were few steps in this project which were scaffold design, fluid simulation analysis and permeability calculation. Three different pore shapes were designed, which were circle, triangle, and hexagon by using the Solidworks software. Each scaffold was designed by the combination of three unit cells. Then, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation in the Ansys Fluent software was conducted to obtain the pressure drop from the pressure distribution within the pores. The permeability of scaffold was obtained by applying Darcy's permeability formula at inlet velocity of 0.001 m/s, 0.01 m/s and 0.1 m/s. Based on the calculation, the permeability for hexagon pore shape were 3.96691x10-07 m2, 3.52 x10- 07 and 1.92 x10-07 for 0.001 m/s, 0.01 m/s and 0.1 m/s inlet velocity, respectively. Therefore, by increasing the inlet velocities, permeability decreased for all types of scaffolds. Furthermore. hexagon pore shape showed the highest permeability value when compared with triangle and circle’s pore shape. Nevertheless, all pore shapes demonstrated permeability values that within the range of natural bone permeability.
{"title":"Permeability of Bone Scaffold with Different Pore Geometries Based on CFD Simulation","authors":"Norhana Jusoh, Muhammad Aqil Mustafa Kamal Arifin, Muhammad Hamizan Hilmi Sulaiman, Muhammad Aiman Mohd Zaki, Nurul Ammira Mohd Noh, Nur Afiqah Ahmad Nahran, Koshelya Selvaganeson, Amy Nurain Syamimi Ali Akbar","doi":"10.11113/jmeditec.v1n1.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/jmeditec.v1n1.16","url":null,"abstract":"Scaffold plays a significant role in promoting cells proliferation and differentiation in bone regeneration. Permeability is one of the factors that affect the function as it is able to extract waste and supply nutrients or oxygen. The aim of this study was to design different pore shapes and to simulate its fluid model in order to predict permeability value of the scaffold. There were few steps in this project which were scaffold design, fluid simulation analysis and permeability calculation. Three different pore shapes were designed, which were circle, triangle, and hexagon by using the Solidworks software. Each scaffold was designed by the combination of three unit cells. Then, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation in the Ansys Fluent software was conducted to obtain the pressure drop from the pressure distribution within the pores. The permeability of scaffold was obtained by applying Darcy's permeability formula at inlet velocity of 0.001 m/s, 0.01 m/s and 0.1 m/s. Based on the calculation, the permeability for hexagon pore shape were 3.96691x10-07 m2, 3.52 x10- 07 and 1.92 x10-07 for 0.001 m/s, 0.01 m/s and 0.1 m/s inlet velocity, respectively. Therefore, by increasing the inlet velocities, permeability decreased for all types of scaffolds. Furthermore. hexagon pore shape showed the highest permeability value when compared with triangle and circle’s pore shape. Nevertheless, all pore shapes demonstrated permeability values that within the range of natural bone permeability.","PeriodicalId":230612,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Device Technology","volume":"453 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133189452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-08DOI: 10.11113/jmeditec.v1n1.18
Muhammad Syawal Aiman Sulong, A. Syahrom, Z. Zakaria
Orthopaedic implant biomechanics research is booming, especially in bone fixation. Fixation involves securing a plate to a broken bone. The femur fractured mostly. Long bone fractures can be difficult to cure despite technological and medical breakthroughs. This study analyses the performance and optimal screw arrangement for biodegradable locking compression plate. This study compares biodegradable bone plate materials to identify the best (Iron, Zinc and Magnesium). SolidWorks models fracture repair plates and fixes them in a normal walking condition to a mid-ship fracture. Further, finite element analysis was performed on models with homogeneous and isotropic bone and plate. Simulation was done using COMSOL programme and screws. Idealized poroelastic 3D FE femoral model with 5 mm fracture gap and plate-screw design. We saw stress and displacement. The minimal von Mises stress and deformation for 6 screws. Under pure zinc and magnesium load, the highest von Mises stress was 7.94 MPa and the maximum deformation was 0.08 mm, proving that iron was the best material. Based on finite element analysis, the LCP can offer mechanical stability for comminuted fractures, fixing the bone block and promoting bone healing.
{"title":"Study of Locking Compression Plate Through Biodegradable Implant","authors":"Muhammad Syawal Aiman Sulong, A. Syahrom, Z. Zakaria","doi":"10.11113/jmeditec.v1n1.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/jmeditec.v1n1.18","url":null,"abstract":"Orthopaedic implant biomechanics research is booming, especially in bone fixation. Fixation involves securing a plate to a broken bone. The femur fractured mostly. Long bone fractures can be difficult to cure despite technological and medical breakthroughs. This study analyses the performance and optimal screw arrangement for biodegradable locking compression plate. This study compares biodegradable bone plate materials to identify the best (Iron, Zinc and Magnesium). SolidWorks models fracture repair plates and fixes them in a normal walking condition to a mid-ship fracture. Further, finite element analysis was performed on models with homogeneous and isotropic bone and plate. Simulation was done using COMSOL programme and screws. Idealized poroelastic 3D FE femoral model with 5 mm fracture gap and plate-screw design. We saw stress and displacement. The minimal von Mises stress and deformation for 6 screws. Under pure zinc and magnesium load, the highest von Mises stress was 7.94 MPa and the maximum deformation was 0.08 mm, proving that iron was the best material. Based on finite element analysis, the LCP can offer mechanical stability for comminuted fractures, fixing the bone block and promoting bone healing.","PeriodicalId":230612,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Device Technology","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132249398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-08DOI: 10.11113/jmeditec.v1n1.11
Hasan Basri Basri, Tri Satya Ramadhoni Doni, A. T. Prakoso, Muhammad Imam Ammarullah Imam, J. Jamari
This study aims to provide benefits on the manufacturing side in considering design parameters for optimization of total hip arthroplasty based on body mass index (BMI) categories. The femoral and cup geometries in Total Hip Arthoplasty (THA) are modeled in a simple ball-on-plane form to analyze the pressure and thickness of the lubricant film in the elastohydrodynamic lubrication of artificial hip joints with vertical loads and parameters based on body mass index using the finite element method. The factor of being overweight is one of the causes of increasing the maximum load during activities. This study applies a maximum load based on BMI which is divided into two categories, namely normal and high BMI to obtain the distribution of contact pressure and fluid pressure on the bearing surfaces that are in contact with each other so that the thickness of the lubricating film formed can be determined. Validation of contact pressure and film thickness was carried out. The femoral head sizes applied were 24mm and 28mm with a radial clearance of 15μm, 30μm and 100μm using CoCrMo metal material. From the simulation the load at high BMI shows an increase by a large enough difference reaching 16.89MPa at contact pressure, 19.88MPa at fluid pressure and 0.004μm at the thickness of the lubricant film compared to normal BMI. This simple modeling provides the benefit of analyzing the effect of body mass index on tribological THA performance and can help reduce the growth rate of THA implantation failure revision surgery.
{"title":"Study of The Effect of Model Geometry and Body Mass Index on The Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication Performance of Metal-on-Metal Hip Joints","authors":"Hasan Basri Basri, Tri Satya Ramadhoni Doni, A. T. Prakoso, Muhammad Imam Ammarullah Imam, J. Jamari","doi":"10.11113/jmeditec.v1n1.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/jmeditec.v1n1.11","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to provide benefits on the manufacturing side in considering design parameters for optimization of total hip arthroplasty based on body mass index (BMI) categories. The femoral and cup geometries in Total Hip Arthoplasty (THA) are modeled in a simple ball-on-plane form to analyze the pressure and thickness of the lubricant film in the elastohydrodynamic lubrication of artificial hip joints with vertical loads and parameters based on body mass index using the finite element method. The factor of being overweight is one of the causes of increasing the maximum load during activities. This study applies a maximum load based on BMI which is divided into two categories, namely normal and high BMI to obtain the distribution of contact pressure and fluid pressure on the bearing surfaces that are in contact with each other so that the thickness of the lubricating film formed can be determined. Validation of contact pressure and film thickness was carried out. The femoral head sizes applied were 24mm and 28mm with a radial clearance of 15μm, 30μm and 100μm using CoCrMo metal material. From the simulation the load at high BMI shows an increase by a large enough difference reaching 16.89MPa at contact pressure, 19.88MPa at fluid pressure and 0.004μm at the thickness of the lubricant film compared to normal BMI. This simple modeling provides the benefit of analyzing the effect of body mass index on tribological THA performance and can help reduce the growth rate of THA implantation failure revision surgery.","PeriodicalId":230612,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Device Technology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129324526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-08DOI: 10.11113/jmeditec.v1n1.14
Nur Amyza Arjuna, Asnida Abdul Wahab, Gan Hong Seng, Maheza Irna Mohamad Salim, M. H. Ramlee
Pneumonia has been identified as the top cause of mortality in children under the age of five, as well as in elderly with comorbidities. According to the World Health Organization, pneumonia reported 14% fatalities in children under the age of five nationwide in 2019. Chest x-ray (CXR) has been commonly used for detection of pneumonia. However, factor such as noise with low levels of intensity and low contrast between the images and the boundary representation can modify CXR images and it also requires highly skilled medical practitioners to accurately interpret the CXR images. Therefore, the goal of this study is to develop an automatic segmentation model to segment the region of interest (ROI) of pneumonia lung CXR images using U-Net architecture. Image enhancement using Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalisation (CLAHE) and gamma-correction based enhancement technique were applied to increase the quality of CXR images. Statistical analysis on features extracted from the segmented lung CXR images was performed to analyze the performance of the model was developed. The U-Net segmentation model achieves 95.58%, 95.82% and 95.48% accuracy for normal CXR while the model achieves 86.76%, 87.98% and 86.21% accuracy for pneumonia CXR which indicate that the U-Net segmentation for CLAHE x-ray images has better performance in segmenting the ROI of the lungs. As a conclusion, the segmentation model proposed shown to be able to overcome the disadvantages of manual segmentation where the model can be used to perform segmentation automatically on many CXRs at a time.
{"title":"Lung Chest X-Ray Image Segmentation for Detection of Pneumonia using Convolutional Neural Network","authors":"Nur Amyza Arjuna, Asnida Abdul Wahab, Gan Hong Seng, Maheza Irna Mohamad Salim, M. H. Ramlee","doi":"10.11113/jmeditec.v1n1.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/jmeditec.v1n1.14","url":null,"abstract":"Pneumonia has been identified as the top cause of mortality in children under the age of five, as well as in elderly with comorbidities. According to the World Health Organization, pneumonia reported 14% fatalities in children under the age of five nationwide in 2019. Chest x-ray (CXR) has been commonly used for detection of pneumonia. However, factor such as noise with low levels of intensity and low contrast between the images and the boundary representation can modify CXR images and it also requires highly skilled medical practitioners to accurately interpret the CXR images. Therefore, the goal of this study is to develop an automatic segmentation model to segment the region of interest (ROI) of pneumonia lung CXR images using U-Net architecture. Image enhancement using Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalisation (CLAHE) and gamma-correction based enhancement technique were applied to increase the quality of CXR images. Statistical analysis on features extracted from the segmented lung CXR images was performed to analyze the performance of the model was developed. The U-Net segmentation model achieves 95.58%, 95.82% and 95.48% accuracy for normal CXR while the model achieves 86.76%, 87.98% and 86.21% accuracy for pneumonia CXR which indicate that the U-Net segmentation for CLAHE x-ray images has better performance in segmenting the ROI of the lungs. As a conclusion, the segmentation model proposed shown to be able to overcome the disadvantages of manual segmentation where the model can be used to perform segmentation automatically on many CXRs at a time.","PeriodicalId":230612,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Device Technology","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116224590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-08DOI: 10.11113/jmeditec.v1n1.12
Mohd Nor Azmi Ab Patar, Ahmad Ikmal Makhtar, J. Mahmud, Shahrul Azam Abdullah, Hazlina Abdul Ghani, Siti Mariam Ab Ghani, Hokyo Lee, A. Hanafusa
Bite force measurement on teeth is one of the crucial factors contributing to the development of advanced technology and longevity in the fabrication of prosthesis. Throughout the years, many researchers have developed devices to measure and analyse the maximum bite force. However, the innovations of the devices have some drawbacks, such as precision, measurement accuracy and cost-effectiveness. Moreover, some of the devices may affect the health of patients due to the usage of hazardous material. Therefore, a non-hazardous gnathometer has been innovated in the study to precisely measure and analyse the maximum bite force of dentures. A 3D model of the new gnathometer was designed using CATIA V5 and fabricated using a Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) machine. The gnathomether also consisted of electronic parts, such as an ESP32 and Arduino Nano as a microcontroller, and a flexible force sensor to accurately measure the bite force measurement. A calibration test was carried out on this innovation to measure the accuracy, drift presence and consistency of bite force. This study demonstrated that the force mappings were directly proportional to the voltage and has shown that the resistance gradually decreases until it reaches a minimum or steady state as the force increases. This research on the calibration of force was valid as the accuracy calculated was a minimum of 94.80% with a maximum accuracy error of 5.20%, resulting in high accuracy and reliable results. This study suggested that the gnathometer can analyse the maximum bite force of dentures and is one of the best approaches to obtain precise and accurate bite force measurements. This research can improve dentures studies in the dental industry using the Internet of Things (IoT) technology embedded in the system and real-time bite force monitoring.
{"title":"Smart Gnathometer for Bite Force Measurement","authors":"Mohd Nor Azmi Ab Patar, Ahmad Ikmal Makhtar, J. Mahmud, Shahrul Azam Abdullah, Hazlina Abdul Ghani, Siti Mariam Ab Ghani, Hokyo Lee, A. Hanafusa","doi":"10.11113/jmeditec.v1n1.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/jmeditec.v1n1.12","url":null,"abstract":"Bite force measurement on teeth is one of the crucial factors contributing to the development of advanced technology and longevity in the fabrication of prosthesis. Throughout the years, many researchers have developed devices to measure and analyse the maximum bite force. However, the innovations of the devices have some drawbacks, such as precision, measurement accuracy and cost-effectiveness. Moreover, some of the devices may affect the health of patients due to the usage of hazardous material. Therefore, a non-hazardous gnathometer has been innovated in the study to precisely measure and analyse the maximum bite force of dentures. A 3D model of the new gnathometer was designed using CATIA V5 and fabricated using a Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) machine. The gnathomether also consisted of electronic parts, such as an ESP32 and Arduino Nano as a microcontroller, and a flexible force sensor to accurately measure the bite force measurement. A calibration test was carried out on this innovation to measure the accuracy, drift presence and consistency of bite force. This study demonstrated that the force mappings were directly proportional to the voltage and has shown that the resistance gradually decreases until it reaches a minimum or steady state as the force increases. This research on the calibration of force was valid as the accuracy calculated was a minimum of 94.80% with a maximum accuracy error of 5.20%, resulting in high accuracy and reliable results. This study suggested that the gnathometer can analyse the maximum bite force of dentures and is one of the best approaches to obtain precise and accurate bite force measurements. This research can improve dentures studies in the dental industry using the Internet of Things (IoT) technology embedded in the system and real-time bite force monitoring.","PeriodicalId":230612,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Device Technology","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127788270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-08DOI: 10.11113/jmeditec.v1n1.7
Mohamad Amin Jumat, M. S. A. Hamzah, Nurrizati Mohd Daud, S. Saidin
Edible bird’s nest (EBN) derived from saliva of swiftlet is often consumed for its nutritional benefit. In this study, EBN natural soap was studied based on their morphology, antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity. The surface morphology and the presence of heavy metal in the soaps were investigated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The antibacterial activity of EBN natural soap against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 was investigated using disc diffusion and bacterial colony count method while the biocompatibility property was determined with human skin fibroblast cells through MTT assay and morphology observation under an inverted microscope. A consistent surface morphology pattern and no heavy metal were recorded on the soaps. The results of antibacterial activity indicated that the EBN natural soap did not have any antibacterial property but able to retain high cell viability percentage of 91.88±3.04% with normal cell morphology. Therefore, the EBN natural soap is biocompatible and appropriate to be incorporated in skin products.
{"title":"Evaluation on the Antibacterial Activity and Biocompatibility Natural Soap Formulated with Edible Bird Nest","authors":"Mohamad Amin Jumat, M. S. A. Hamzah, Nurrizati Mohd Daud, S. Saidin","doi":"10.11113/jmeditec.v1n1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11113/jmeditec.v1n1.7","url":null,"abstract":"Edible bird’s nest (EBN) derived from saliva of swiftlet is often consumed for its nutritional benefit. In this study, EBN natural soap was studied based on their morphology, antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity. The surface morphology and the presence of heavy metal in the soaps were investigated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The antibacterial activity of EBN natural soap against Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 was investigated using disc diffusion and bacterial colony count method while the biocompatibility property was determined with human skin fibroblast cells through MTT assay and morphology observation under an inverted microscope. A consistent surface morphology pattern and no heavy metal were recorded on the soaps. The results of antibacterial activity indicated that the EBN natural soap did not have any antibacterial property but able to retain high cell viability percentage of 91.88±3.04% with normal cell morphology. Therefore, the EBN natural soap is biocompatible and appropriate to be incorporated in skin products.","PeriodicalId":230612,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical Device Technology","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128117096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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