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Threaded and Riveted Connections, Design Issues, Reliability, Stress Analysis, and Failure Prevention最新文献

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Failure Prevention in Fiber Reinforced Composite Materials 纤维增强复合材料的失效预防
J. Merodio, R. Sancibrian, F. Viadero
The study focuses on instabilities for fiber-reinforced nonlinearly elastic solids under plane deformations. The plane of deformation contains the fiber reinforcement. In particular, fiber kinking and fiber debonding instabilities in fiber-reinforced composite materials are examined in terms of the anisotropic character of the material models. The material models consider simultaneously the material anisotropy and the nonlinear performance of the fiber reinforced materials. Fiber kinking is captured under fiber compresion. Fiber debonding is captured under shearing deformations in the fiber direction.
研究了纤维增强非线性弹性固体在平面变形作用下的失稳问题。变形面包含纤维增强。特别地,根据材料模型的各向异性特征,研究了纤维增强复合材料中的纤维扭结和纤维脱粘不稳定性。材料模型同时考虑了材料的各向异性和纤维增强材料的非线性性能。纤维扭结是在纤维压缩下捕获的。在纤维方向的剪切变形下捕获纤维脱粘。
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引用次数: 0
Multiaxial Impact Behavior and Modeling of ABS Polymer ABS聚合物的多轴冲击行为及建模
A. Saigal, R. Greif, Y. Duan, M. Zimmerman
The multiaxial impact behavior of CYCOLAC GPM5500 (ABS glassy polymer) is obtained as a function of impact velocity and temperature from the standard impact test as specified by ASTM D3763. Finite element analysis (FEA) and ABAQUS/Explicit are used to model the impact behavior of the polymer. The generalized “DSGZ” constitutive model, previously developed by the authors and calibrated using low strain rate uniaxial mechanical test data, is extended to the high strain rate regime and used in the finite element analysis. Load-displacement curves from the finite element analysis are compared with the experimental data and agree well up to the maximum impact load (failure). Therefore, the proposed finite element analysis model can be used to predict the multiaxial impact behaviors of polymers at different temperatures and impact velocities.
CYCOLAC GPM5500 (ABS玻璃聚合物)的多轴冲击性能是根据ASTM D3763规定的标准冲击试验获得的冲击速度和温度的函数。利用有限元分析(FEA)和ABAQUS/Explicit对聚合物的冲击行为进行了建模。本文将采用低应变率单轴力学试验数据建立的广义“DSGZ”本构模型推广到高应变率区域,并应用于有限元分析。将有限元分析得到的载荷-位移曲线与试验数据进行了比较,在最大冲击载荷(破坏)范围内,两者吻合良好。因此,所建立的有限元分析模型可用于预测聚合物在不同温度和冲击速度下的多轴冲击行为。
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引用次数: 0
Rapid Simulation of Preloaded Bolted Assemblies for Slewing Bearings 回转轴承预加载螺栓组件的快速仿真
D. Leray, A. Daidié, B. Combes
Fatigue failure is a common problem with bolted joints. Preloading can often offer great advantage, in that it reduces the intensity of the alternative part of strains. Although it is more and more usual to carry out very precise finite element calculations, it should be highlighted that the error arising from simulations or experiments may be surprisingly great when looking at supplements of strain, i.e. alternative strain. That is one of the reasons why designing preloaded bolted joints requires great care, and sometimes turns out to be impractical. A partnership has been established for several years with a group of industrial manufacturers and users of slewing bearings. The objective is to model a parameterised bolt-assembled slewing bearing system and to develop a simulation tool that • allows us to check resistance of the bolts for maximum load as well as fatigue load • runs much faster than a three-dimensional simulation in order to enable us to compare multiple configurations, in order to be used in early design stages.
疲劳失效是螺栓连接的常见问题。预压通常可以提供很大的优势,因为它降低了应变替代部分的强度。虽然进行非常精确的有限元计算越来越常见,但应该强调的是,在观察应变补充时,即替代应变时,由模拟或实验产生的误差可能会惊人地大。这就是为什么设计预加载螺栓连接需要非常小心,有时是不切实际的原因之一。与一些工业制造商和回转支承用户建立了多年的合作关系。我们的目标是建立一个参数化螺栓组装回转轴承系统的模型,并开发一个仿真工具,使我们能够检查螺栓的最大载荷阻力以及疲劳载荷,运行速度比三维仿真快得多,以便我们能够比较多种配置,以便在早期设计阶段使用。
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引用次数: 4
Three-Dimensional Analysis of Double Rivet-Row Lap Joints: Part II — Countersunk Rivets 双铆钉-排搭接的三维分析:第二部分沉头铆钉
K. Iyer, C. Rubin, G. Hahn
Three-dimensional finite element analysis of an elastic, double rivet-row, aluminum alloy lap joint with countersunk, aluminum and steel rivets, is presented. Relations between the connection compliance, rivet deformation, peak contact pressures and slip amplitudes, in the absence of interference and clamp-up, are described. Analysis of a connection with non-countersunk rivets is presented in a companion paper. The trends seen in the results are similar to those obtained with non-countersunk rivets, although the peak stress concentrations in the present case are much higher. A superposition approach for estimating stress concentration factors in the panels of multi-row riveted connections with standard or countersunk rivets is presented.
对铝、钢铆钉沉头弹性双铆钉排铝合金搭接接头进行了三维有限元分析。在没有干涉和夹紧的情况下,描述了连接柔度、铆钉变形、峰值接触压力和滑移幅值之间的关系。对非沉头铆钉连接的分析在另一篇论文中提出。结果中看到的趋势与非沉头铆钉相似,尽管目前情况下的峰值应力集中要高得多。提出了一种估算标准铆钉和沉钉多排铆接板应力集中系数的叠加法。
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引用次数: 0
The New Approach to the Analysis of Elasto-Plastic Deformation of Solids Within the Bounds of Theory of Processes by A. A. Ilyushin 伊留申在过程理论范围内分析固体弹塑性变形的新方法
Kamal Sh. Babamuratov, R. Abirov
In this report results of systematic researches of the experimental-theoretical CL-computer (complex loading) method, offered by Ilyushin for solving of problem of strength and strains of elastic-plastic bodies at an incomplete theoretical information about the equations of relation between stresses and strains and the method of appraisal of reliability of plasticity problems’ solution are given. Homogeneous and nonhomogeneous problems for element of construction in form of the rods, plates, shell are accomplished. The results of numerical and CL experiments indicate on perspectivity of considered methods for calculations and projection of responsible designs in an engineering and building.
本文对伊尔留申提出的在应力应变关系方程理论信息不完全的情况下求解弹塑性体强度和应变问题的实验-理论cl -计算机(复杂加载)方法和塑性问题解的可靠性评价方法进行了系统的研究。完成了杆、板、壳等结构单元的均质和非均质问题。数值和CL实验的结果表明了在工程和建筑中考虑计算和负责设计投影方法的透视图。
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引用次数: 1
Theoretical Analysis of the Strength of Internal Gear Drive With Zero-Tooth-Difference 零齿差内齿轮传动强度的理论分析
Shijie Wang, G. Hong
In this paper we apply internal gear drive pair, with zero-tooth-difference, in the coupling mechanism to connect the output shaft of reducer and the rotor of pump in the submerged-motor-driven PC pumping system for oil production. Because there are dual modifications along radial and tangential direction for the cut of gear teeth, the gear-tooth thickness will be reduced and thus the strength of the teeth will be weakened evidently. At present, there is no theoretical criteria for the strength verification suitable for such mechanism design. The new calculating formulae for contacting stress of tooth surface and bending stress of tooth-root were established in this paper just for this reason, which not only provide the strength verifying criteria for gear-tooth but can also be regarded as the theoretical basis for the design of internal gear drive mechanism with zero-tooth-difference.
本文在潜水式电机驱动PC采油系统的耦合机构中,采用零齿差的内啮合齿轮传动副连接减速器输出轴与泵转子。由于齿轮齿的切削存在沿径向和切向的双重修形,使齿轮的齿厚减小,从而使齿的强度明显减弱。目前还没有适合这种机构设计的强度验证理论准则。为此,本文建立了新的齿面接触应力和齿根弯曲应力计算公式,不仅为齿轮齿的强度校核提供了准则,而且为零齿差内啮合齿轮传动机构的设计提供了理论依据。
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引用次数: 3
Mixed Mode Interfacial Fracture Toughness Evaluation for Flip-Chip Assemblies and CSP Based on Fracture Mechanics Approaches 基于断裂力学方法的倒装组件和CSP混合模界面断裂韧性评估
J. Auersperg, E. Kieselstein, Andreas Schubert, B. Michel
The increasing use of advanced electronic packages like Flip Chips and CSP under harsh environmental conditions, extreme temperatures is often a reason for damage, fatigue and failure of entire components and systems. Consequently, their thermo-mechanical reliability is one of the most important preconditions for adopting these technologies in industrial applications. To prevent chips from being exposed to the external environment integrated circuits are usually encapsulated into packages. As a result, a microelectronic package is basically a compound of several materials with quite different Young’s moduli and thermal expansion coefficients. Additionally, various kinds of inhomogeneity, residual stresses from several steps of the manufacturing process contribute to interface delaminations, chip cracking and fatigue of solder interconnects. This paper intends to describe the investigation of damage and interface delamination phenomena in micro components by numerical investigations by means of fracture mechanics concepts based on nonlinear FEA and experimental investigations. Consequently, the contribution shows the use of non-linear finite element simulations with respect to the nonlinear, temperature and rate dependent behavior of different materials used, the application of fracture mechanics concepts (energy release rate, integral fracture approaches, mode-mixity examinations) in combination with experimental investigations. For these purpose, bending specimens consisting of several materials interfaces widely used in FC ssemblies and CSP have been investigated in particular. In order to evaluate the different approaches used some results have been compared to micrographs from growing interface delaminations by using micro deformation measurements on the basis of a gray scale correlation method applied to micrographs, in particular. The methodology explained is a helpful basis for understanding and evaluating failure mechanisms especially of several polymer material interfaces as well as of solder joints in a more consistent manner. It should support further applications for raising the thermo-mechanical reliability of advanced electronic packages.
在恶劣的环境条件下,越来越多地使用像倒装芯片和CSP这样的先进电子封装,极端温度通常是导致整个组件和系统损坏、疲劳和故障的原因。因此,它们的热机械可靠性是在工业应用中采用这些技术的最重要先决条件之一。为了防止芯片暴露在外部环境中,集成电路通常被封装在封装中。因此,微电子封装基本上是几种杨氏模量和热膨胀系数截然不同的材料的化合物。此外,制造过程中各个步骤产生的各种不均匀性和残余应力会导致界面分层、芯片开裂和焊料互连的疲劳。本文拟采用基于非线性有限元分析和实验研究的断裂力学概念,对微细构件的损伤和界面分层现象进行数值研究。因此,该贡献显示了使用非线性有限元模拟来处理所使用的不同材料的非线性,温度和速率相关行为,并结合实验研究应用断裂力学概念(能量释放率,积分断裂方法,模式-混合检验)。为此,对FC组件和CSP中广泛使用的几种材料界面组成的弯曲试件进行了特别研究。为了评价不同的方法所使用的一些结果已经比较了显微照片从生长界面分层通过使用微变形测量的灰度相关方法应用于显微照片,特别是。所解释的方法有助于理解和评估失效机制,特别是几种聚合物材料界面以及焊点的失效机制。它应该支持进一步的应用,以提高先进电子封装的热机械可靠性。
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引用次数: 8
Design of a Mortar-Deployed Video Imager 迫击炮部署视频成像仪的设计
J. Condon
As part of a US Army Research Laboratory (Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD) project to provide electromechanical packaging support for a developmental gun-hardened, munition-deployed, parachute-deployed video imager, a dynamic FEA structural analysis was performed on the imager’s aluminum housing. This imager can provide real-time, telemetered, digitally-encrypted and encoded video imaging of the battlefield. The housing was designed as a carrier for the power distribution electronics; video encoding electronics; telemetry transmitter and wrap-around antenna; rechargeable NiCad batteries; and CCD camera module, and provided for direct replacement of an existing illumination canister within a modified US Army 120mm mortar system. The imager assembly, once inserted within the mortar body, is first exposed to a launch ‘setback’ acceleration load upon firing and then is exposed to an explosively-generated internal pressure and impact loading upon in-flight fuze initiation, mortar body separation and subsequent imager submunition expulsion. The dynamic analysis entailed verification of the structural integrity and deflections of the imager housing and adjacent impacting steel ‘pusher’ plate under launching, pressure, and impact loadings. A 2-D axi-symmetric, quadrilateral-only, finite element model of the housing and pusher plate was constructed. Contact elements, birth & death displacement constraints and simplified mortar body elements were added to simulate the boundary conditions. Analysis predictions were validated by inspection of the recovered imager hardware following flight testing.
作为美国陆军研究实验室(Aberdeen试验场,MD)项目的一部分,为一种正在开发的火炮硬化、弹药部署、降落伞部署的视频成像仪提供机电包装支持,对成像仪的铝外壳进行了动态有限元结构分析。该成像仪可以提供实时、遥测、数字加密和编码的战场视频成像。外壳被设计为配电电子设备的载体;视频编码电子;遥测发射机及环绕式天线;可充电镍镉电池;和CCD相机模块,并提供直接替换现有的照明筒内的改进的美国陆军120毫米迫击炮系统。成像仪组件一旦插入迫击炮体内,在发射时首先暴露于发射“挫折”加速度载荷,然后暴露于爆炸产生的内部压力和飞行引信启动时的冲击载荷,迫击炮体分离和随后的成像仪子母弹排出。动态分析需要验证成像仪外壳和相邻冲击钢板在发射、压力和冲击载荷下的结构完整性和挠度。建立了壳体和推板的二维轴对称四边形有限元模型。通过加入接触单元、生死位移约束和简化砂浆体单元来模拟边界条件。在飞行测试后,通过检查回收的成像仪硬件,验证了分析预测。
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引用次数: 0
A Study of Early Stage Self-Loosening of Bolted Joints 螺栓连接早期自松动研究
Yanyao Jiang, Ming Zhang, Chu-hwa Lee
Both experimental investigation and finite element analysis were conducted to explore the mechanisms of the early stage self-loosening of bolted joints under transverse cyclic loading. The nuts were glued to the bolts using a strong thread locker in the self-loosening experiments to ensure that no backing-off of the nut occurred. Depending on the loading magnitude, the clamping force reduction ranged from 10% to more than 40% of the initial preload after 200 loading cycles. Three-dimensional elastic-plastic finite element analysis was conducted with the implementation of an advanced cyclic plasticity model. The finite element results revealed that the local cyclic plasticity occurring near the roots of the engaged threads resulted in cyclic strain ratchetting. The localized cyclic plastic deformation caused the stresses to redistribute in the bolt, and the result was the gradual loss of clamping force with loading cycles. The finite element results agreed with the experimental observations quantitatively. Both experiments and finite element simulations suggested that the friction between the clamped plates has an insignificant influence on self-loosening.
采用试验研究和有限元分析相结合的方法,探讨了螺栓连接在横向循环荷载作用下的早期自松动机理。在自松实验中,使用强力螺纹锁紧器将螺母粘在螺栓上,以确保螺母不脱落。根据加载幅度的不同,在200次加载循环后,夹紧力的减少幅度从初始预载荷的10%到40%以上。采用先进的循环塑性模型进行了三维弹塑性有限元分析。有限元结果表明,啮合螺纹根部附近的局部循环塑性导致循环应变棘轮。局部循环塑性变形导致锚杆内部应力重新分布,随着加载周期的增加,锚杆夹紧力逐渐丧失。有限元计算结果与实验结果在定量上一致。实验和有限元模拟均表明,夹紧板间的摩擦力对自松动的影响不显著。
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引用次数: 138
Parameterized Design of a Supersonic Radome 超声速天线罩参数化设计
M. S. Hollis
Future gun-launched projectiles will have higher muzzle velocities. There currently exists a need for RF transparent radome solutions with muzzle velocities near Mach numbers equal to 3 (M = 3). Future Combat System (FCS) requirements may push these velocities as high as M = 5. Assessments of aerothermal heating requirements for specific radome geometries need to be studied. Trade-off studies involving aerodynamic shape, antenna location, materials, and RF characteristics also need to be made. The final product of this report is twofold. The first is a short-term solution using the extruded/molded plastics to manufacture a radome. The other is a guideline for a more extensive study to find several solutions for high speed, RF transparent radomes for ballistic projectiles.
未来的炮射弹将有更高的初速。目前需要的是初速接近马赫数3 (M = 3)的射频透明天线罩解决方案。未来作战系统(FCS)的要求可能会将这些速度提高到M = 5。需要对特定天线罩几何形状的空气热加热要求进行评估。还需要对空气动力学形状、天线位置、材料和射频特性进行权衡研究。这份报告的最终成果是双重的。第一种是短期解决方案,使用挤压/模压塑料制造天线罩。另一个是一个更广泛的研究指南,以找到用于弹道弹丸的高速,射频透明雷达罩的几种解决方案。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Threaded and Riveted Connections, Design Issues, Reliability, Stress Analysis, and Failure Prevention
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